Shizofreeniyaan miiraa fayyaa cimaa ta'e yoo ta'u, akkamitti namni akka yaadu, akka dhaga'u, akkasumas akka itti hojjetu irratti dhiibbaa uuma. Kun immoo walitti qabamni mul'ata, yaaddoon dogoggoraa, yaaduu fi amala walitti hin hidhamne keessa jiraachuu danda'a. Mul'ataan waan biraa arguu ykn sagalee dhaga'uu kan biraa hin argineef dha. Yaaddoon dogoggoraa immoo waan dhugaa hin taane irratti amantii cimaa qabaachuu dha. Namni shizofreeniyaa qabu dhugaa irraa fagaachuu akka danda'u mul'ata, kunis jireenya guyyaa guyyaa baay'ee ulfaataa godha. Namni shizofreeniyaa qabu wal'aansa umurii guutuu barbaada. Kunis qoricha, wal'aansa dubbii fi gargaarsa baruu akkamitti hojii guyyaa guyyaa akka geggeessan keessa jiraata. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban hedduun haala fayyaa sammuu qabaachuu isaanii hin beekneefi wal'aansa barbaachisuu isaanii hin amanne waan ta'eef, qorannoo hedduun bu'aa yaaddoo hin wal'aargamne irratti qorata. Namni yaaddoo hin wal'aargamne qabu baay'ee ciminaan rakkoo, mana yaala keessa baay'ee galuun, dandeettii yaaduu fi walitti hidhuu gaarii dhabuu fi bu'aa hawaasummaa, miidhaa, ykn du'aatti darba. Gama biraatiin, wal'aansaan duraanii baay'ee ciminaan rakkoo tokko tokko to'achuun, ilaalcha yeroo dheeraa gaarii godha.
Shizofreeniya rakkoolee adda addaa kan namni akkaataa yaadu, akkaataa miiraa fi akkaataa gochuu irratti qabu keessa jira. Mallattoowwan kana keessa jiran: Kaffalchiisa. Kun yeroo namoonni wanta dhugaa hin taane ykn dhugaa hin taane itti amananitti dhaga'ama. Fakkeenyaaf, namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban ofirraa miidhamu ykn jeequmsa irra jiraachuu akka yaadan godha. Jecha ykn tarkaanfii tokkoof kaffaltii akka ta'an yaadu ni danda'u. Barii guddaa ykn dandeettii guddaa akka qaban yaadu ni danda'u, kunis yoo dhugaa hin taane. Ykn balaa guddaan dhufuuf akka jiru yaadu ni danda'u, kunis yoo dhugaa hin taane. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban hedduun kaffalchiisa qabu. Haallusiineeshinii. Kun yeroo waan namoonni biroon hin argin ykn hin dhaga'in argu ykn dhaga'anitti dhaga'ama. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qabanif, wantoonni kun dhugaa fakkaatu. Haallusiineeshinii miira kam iyyuu keessa uumamuu danda'a, garuu sagalee dhaga'uun baay'ee waanuma. Dubbii fi yaaduun walitti bu'uurraa. Dubbiin walitti bu'uun yaaduun walitti bu'uun ni fidha. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban namoota biroo wajjin dubbachuun rakkisaa ta'uu danda'a. Deebii namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban gaaffii irratti kennan wanta gaafatamutti walitti hin hidhatu ta'uu danda'a. Ykn gaaffileen guutumatti deebii hin argatu. Baay'ee muraasa, dubbiin jechoota walitti hin hidhatne haala hubatamuu hin dandeenyeen walitti makamee keessa galchuun ni danda'ama. Yeroo tokko tokko kun salaata jechootaa jedhama. Gochaa motoraa baay'ee walitti bu'e ykn adda ta'e. Kun haala hedduu keessatti mul'achuu danda'a, irraa gaafa xiqqaa irraa hanga yaaddoo sababa malee qabuutti. Gochaan galma irratti hin xiyyeeffatu, kanaaf hojii hojjechuun rakkisaa dha. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban odeeffannoo hordofuun hin barbaadu ta'uu danda'a. Haala sirrii hin taaneen ykn haala hawaasaa wajjin wal hin simneen socho'uu danda'u. Ykn baay'ee socho'uu ykn deebii hin kenninu ni danda'u. Mallattoo negaatifoota. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban akkaataa hojjechuu isaanii dhukkuba isaanii dura turteetti hojjechuu hin dandeenyee ta'uu danda'a. Fakkeenyaaf, dhuka'uu, ija walitti hidhuu ykn miira agarsiisu hin dandeenyee ta'uu danda'u. Sagalee tokko qofaatiin dubbachuu fi gammachuu dhabuu ni danda'u. Akkasumas, hojii guyyaa guyyaatiif xiyyeeffannaa dhabuu, hawaasa irraa fagaachuu fi karoora baafachuu rakkisaa ta'uu ni danda'u. Mallattoowwan gosa fi hamma cimaa isaanii adda adda ta'uu danda'u. Yeroo tokko tokko, mallattoowwan gaarii ta'uu ykn hammaachuu danda'u. Mallattoo tokko tokko yeroo hundumaa argamu ni danda'a. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban baay'ee waggaa waggoota 10-30 gidduutti beekkamu. Dhiirota keessatti, mallattoowwan shizofreeniyaa baay'ee waggaa waggoota 10-20 gidduutti ni jalqabu. Dubartoota keessatti, mallattoowwan baay'ee waggaa waggoota 20-30 gidduutti ni jalqabu. Akkaasumas gareen namoottaa jira - baay'ee dubartoota - yeroo booda beekkamu. Ijoolleef shizofreeniyaa beekkamuun hin barbaachisu. Mallattoowwan shizofreeniyaa ijoollee keessatti akka warra gurguddaa fakkaatu, garuu haala beekkamuudhaaf rakkisaa ta'uu danda'a. Sababni isaa mallattoowwan shizofreeniyaa jalqabaa - kanneen haallusiineeshinii, kaffalchiisaa fi walitti bu'uu dura uumaman - baay'ee ijoollee hedduutti mul'atu waan ta'eefidha, kanneen akka: Hiriyootarraa fi maatii irraa fagaachuu. Mana barumsaatti gaarii hin ta'iin. Raafuu rakkisaa ta'uu. Aaraa ykn gaddeessaa dhabuu. Jaalalli dhabuu. Akkaasumas, fayyaa itti fayyadamuu, kanneen akka marijuwaanaa, simulanttoota akka kookayinii fi meetaamfetamiinii, ykn haallusiinojeetii, mallattoowwan wal fakkaatan uumamuu danda'a. Warra gurguddaa shizofreeniyaa qaban wajjin walbira qabamee, ijoolleen haala kana qaban kaffalchiisa qabaachuu xiqqaa fi haallusiineeshinii qabaachuu baay'ee danda'u. Namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban hedduun haala sammuu isaanii yaala barbaadu akka qaban beeku hin dandeenyee. Bu'aa kanaaf, maatiin ykn hiriyyoonni baay'ee gargaarsa argisiisuu qabu. Namoota beektu shizofreeniyaa mallattoo qaban yoo jiraate, yaada kee isaanitti himi. Gargaarsa barbaaduuf dirqisiisuu hin dandeessu, gargaarsa fi jajjabina kennuu ni dandeessa. Akkaasumas, oggeessa fayyaa ykn oggeessa fayyaa sammuu barbaachisaa argisiisuu ni dandeessa. Namoota ofii ykn warra biroo irratti balaa fidu, ykn nyaata, uffata ykn mana hin qabne yoo jiraate, Ameerikaa keessatti 911 ykn deeggarsa balaa biraa bilbiluu ni barbaachisa. Oggeessi fayyaa sammuu isaan qorachuu qaba. Namoonni tokko tokko mana yaalaa keessa yeroo hatattamaan jiraachuu barbaachisa ta'uu danda'a. Seerri yaalaa fayyaa sammuu namni fedhe malee irratti raawwatamu biyya biyya adda adda dha. Iccitii fayyaa sammuu hawaasaa ykn poolisii naannoo keessatti argamu wajjin walitti hidhuu ni dandeessa. Yaaddoon of ajjeesu fi yaalii of ajjeesu namoonni shizofreeniyaa qaban keessatti caalaatti baay'ee jira. Namni of ajjeesuuf balaa keessa jiru ykn yaalii of ajjeesu raawwate yoo jiraate, namni tokko isaa wajjin jiraachuu mirkaneessaa. Laayiniin of ajjeesu wajjin walitti hidhuu. Ameerikaa keessatti, 988 bilbila ykn barreeffamaatiin 988 Suusayid & Kraaysiis Laayiniin, guyyaa 24 sa'aatii, torban torbaatti argamu wajjin walitti hidhuu. Ykn Laayiniin Chaati fayyadama. Tajaajilli bilisaa fi sirriidha. Suusayid & Kraaysiis Laayiniin Ameerikaa keessatti laayiniin bilbila afaan Ispeenyaa 1-888-628-9454 (bilisaa) qaba. Yaalaa shizofreeniyaa sirrii ta'een balaa of ajjeesu hir'isuu danda'a.
Namoonni schizophrenia qaban yeroo baay'ee haala sammuu yaalaa gargaarsa fayyaa barbaadu akka qaban hin beekan. Kanaafuu, maatiin ykn michonni yeroo baay'ee gargaarsa argisiisuu qabu.
Namoota ati beektu yoo mallattoowwan schizophrenia qabaatan, yaaddoowwan kee irratti waliin dubbataa. Gargaarsa barbaaduuf dirqisiisuu hin dandeessis, garuu jajjabinaa fi deeggarsa kennuu dandeessa. Akka ogeessa fayyaa ykn ogeessa fayyaa sammuu argatanis gargaaruu dandeessa.
Namoota ofii ykn warra biroo balaa keessa galchan, ykn nyaata, uffata ykn mana hin qabne yoo ta'an, Ameerikaa keessatti 911 ykn warra gargaarsa hatattamaa biroo bilbiluu qabda. Ogeessi fayyaa sammuu isaan qorachuu qaba.
Namoonni tokko tokko hospitaala keessa turuun hatattamaa barbaachisaa ta'a. Seeronni wal'aansoo fayyaa sammuu irratti kan dhorkaman, biyya biyya adda addaa dha. Odeeffannoo argachuuf, dhaabbilee fayyaa sammuu hawaasaa ykn poolisiin naannoo keessatti argaman waliin walitti dhufaa.
Yaaddoon of-ajjeechaa fi yaalii of-ajjeechaa, namoota schizophrenia qaban keessatti caalaatti guddaa dha. Namni tokko yoo of-ajjeechaa balaa keessa jiru ykn yaalii of-ajjeechaa taasise, namni tokko akka isaa waliin jiraatu mirkaneessa. Bilbila of-ajjeechaa waliin walitti dhufaa. Ameerikaa keessatti, 988 bilbiluu ykn barreessuu dandeessa 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, guyyaa 24 sa'aatii, torban torbaatu argachuuf. Yookiin Lifeline Chat fayyadamaa. Tajaajilli bilisaa fi sirriidha. Lifeline of-ajjeechaa fi balaa Ameerikaa keessatti, lakkoofsa bilbila afaan Ispeenyaa 1-888-628-9454 (bilisaa) qaba.
Wal'aansoo schizophrenia sirrii ta'e, balaa of-ajjeechaa hir'isuun ni danda'ama.
Sababni sikizoofreeniyaa kan fidu hin beekkamu. Haa ta'u malee, qorattoonni walitti qabamni geneetiksii, keemikaalaa sammuu fi naannoo gahee taphachuusaanii amanu.
Jijjiirama keemikaala sammuu uumamaa keessatti argaman, kanneen immoo neurotransmitter jedhaman akka dopamiin fi glutamaatiitti, gahee taphachuusaanii danda'u. Qorannoowwan neuroimaging jijjiirama uumama sammuu fi sirna nafa sammuu namoota sikizoofreeniyaa qaban irratti mul'atu agarsiisu. Qorattoonni amma kana hojii itti fayyadamuuf hin dandeenye ta'us, argachuun kun sikizoofreeniin dhukkuba sammuu akka ta'e agarsiisa.
Sababni schizophrenia hin beekkamu, garuu wantoonni kunneen schizophrenia akka caalaatti uumachuuf akka malaa godhanii mul'atu:
Yoo jiraachuun hin yaalamu, schizophrenia rakkoolee cimaa kan jiraataa jireenya guutuu irratti dhiibbaa fiduuf jiraachuu danda'a.
Rakkooleewwan schizophrenia kan fidu ykn waliin wal qabatan keessaa:
Shizofreeniya ittisuu mala hin jiru. Haata'u malee, yaala keetti hordofuu kee itti fufuu ciminaa fi daran akka hin caaluu gargaara. Qorattoonni sababa shizofreeniyaa wajjin wal qabate caalaatti hubachuun, hubachiisaa fi yaalaa duraan akka argamuuf akka geessisu abdan.
Diagnoosin shiizoophreeniyaa kanneen biroo fayyaa sammuu haalaa irraa adda baafachuu fi mallattoowwan sun fayyadamuu dhimmaati, qoricha ykn haala fayyaa irraa kan ka'e akka hin taane mirkaneessuun wal qabata.
Diagnoosin shiizoophreeniyaa argachuun kanneen armaan gadii of keessaa qabaachuu danda'a:
Schizophrenia: Understanding the Condition and Treatment
Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that affects a person's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. While there's no cure, it can be managed effectively with ongoing treatment. This includes medications, therapy, and support systems. Even when symptoms lessen, ongoing treatment is crucial for long-term well-being. In severe cases, hospitalization might be necessary during a crisis.
Treatment Approaches
A doctor specializing in mental health (psychiatrist) typically leads the treatment. A team approach is common, involving psychologists, social workers, psychiatric nurses, and case managers. This collaborative team helps coordinate care and ensures comprehensive support. This kind of comprehensive care is often available at clinics specializing in schizophrenia treatment.
Medication Management
Medications are a key part of managing schizophrenia. Antipsychotic medications are the most common type prescribed. These medications are believed to work by regulating certain chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) in the brain, particularly dopamine and serotonin. A newer class of antipsychotics also affects acetylcholine receptors.
Side Effects and Medication Choices
Antipsychotic medications can have side effects, which can make it difficult for some people to take their medicine. Doctors closely monitor for these side effects and may adjust medication choices or order blood tests to help avoid specific side effects. It's important to discuss potential benefits and risks with your doctor or other healthcare provider.
Antipsychotics are categorized into first-generation and second-generation types. Second-generation medications often have fewer side effects related to muscle movements, such as the involuntary movements sometimes associated with long-term use of first-generation medications. These involuntary movements can sometimes be permanent.
Common Antipsychotic Medications (Examples):
Second-generation: Aripiprazole (Abilify), Asenapine (Saphris), Brexpiprazole (Rexulti), Cariprazine (Vraylar), Clozapine (Clozaril), Iloperidone (Fanapt), Lumateperone (Caplyta), Lurasidone (Latuda), Olanzapine (Zyprexa), Paliperidone (Invega), Quetiapine (Seroquel), Risperidone (Risperdal), Xanomeline and trospium chloride (Cobenfy), Ziprasidone (Geodon)
First-generation: Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine, Haloperidol (Haldol), Perphenazine (Trilafon)
Some antipsychotics are available as injectable medications, given every few weeks or less frequently, depending on the medication and individual needs. This can be helpful for people who find taking pills challenging or who need help adhering to a treatment plan.
Important Considerations for Treatment
Continuing medication, even when symptoms improve, is essential for managing schizophrenia effectively. Important support also includes ongoing psychosocial treatments:
Individual therapy: This type of therapy helps to improve thinking patterns, develop coping mechanisms for stress, and recognize early signs of symptom return.
Social skills training: This helps people with schizophrenia improve communication, social interactions, and participation in daily life.
Family therapy: This provides support and education for families to better understand and manage the challenges of schizophrenia.
Vocational rehabilitation and supported employment: This counseling helps people with schizophrenia prepare for, find, and maintain employment.
Community Support and Crisis Management
Many communities offer programs to support people with schizophrenia. These programs can assist with employment, housing, support groups, and crisis management. A case manager or other member of the treatment team can help connect individuals with these resources. With the right treatment and support, most people with schizophrenia can lead fulfilling lives.
Coping Strategies for Individuals and Their Support Systems:
Living with schizophrenia can be challenging for individuals and their loved ones. Here are some helpful strategies:
Strong Support System: Develop strong relationships with your treatment team.
Understanding the Condition: Learn as much as possible about schizophrenia to better understand the importance of the treatment plan.
Healthy Lifestyle: Getting enough sleep is important. Avoid alcohol and drugs.
Goal Setting: Maintaining focus on treatment goals helps motivation and management.
Stress Management: Explore relaxation techniques like meditation, yoga, or tai chi.
Social Support: Join support groups for emotional and practical support.
Access to Social Services: Explore available social services for assistance with housing, transportation, and other daily needs.
By working together with a dedicated treatment team, adopting healthy lifestyle choices, and creating a support network, individuals with schizophrenia can effectively manage their condition and live fulfilling lives.
Ibsa baraanaa: August madalii odeeffannoo fayyaa yoo ta’u deebiin isaas gorsa yaalaa hin ta’u. Dura hundumaa ogeessa fayyaa hayyama qabu naannoo keetti mari’adhu.
India keessatti hojjatame, addunyaaf