Papilloma y’uruhu ni ububare budatera indwara buturuka ku ruhu rwa squamous, ari rwo urukoko rwagutse rw’uturemangingo dufite imiterere y’igitambaro gipfundikiye ubuso butandukanye bw’umubiri, nko ku ruhu no mu kanwa. Ibi bibyimba bisanzwe bigaragara nk’ibibyimba bito, byoroshye bisa n’ibisebe. Bishobora kuba byinshi cyangwa bike kandi bikaba byinshi cyangwa bike.

Akarere ibi bibyimba bitangiriramo ni ingenzi mu gusobanukirwa papilloma y’uruhu. Kubera ko bituruka ku turemangingo twa squamous, ibi bibyimba bikunze kuboneka ahantu hakunze gukorwa cyane, nko mu ijosi, munsi y’amaboko, no mu gice cy’ibitsina. Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni uko bigira umutwe w’ibibyimba, rimwe na rimwe bisa nk’ibihingwa by’ibinyamunyu. Ibi bifasha gutandukanya papilloma y’uruhu n’ibindi bibyimba bisa.

Abarwayi benshi bakunze guhangayikishwa n’ibi bibyimba kandi bakeka ko bishobora kuba bibi, ariko ni ingenzi kumenya ko papilloma y’uruhu atari kanseri. Ariko rero, uburyo bigaragara bishobora kuba biteye impungenge. Gusobanukirwa byinshi kuri papilloma y’uruhu bifasha abantu gufata ibyemezo byiza ku bijyanye n’uko bagomba kubona muganga cyangwa kuvurwa. Niba ubona ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kitamenyekanye, ni byiza kuvugana n’umuganga kugira ngo akureho impungenge.

Impamvu n’ibyago

1. Amazi ya Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Papilloma y’uruhu iterwa ahanini n’ubwandu bw’ubwoko buterwa na HPV, cyane cyane HPV-6 na HPV-11. Virusi yanduza uturemangingo tw’uruhu, bigatuma habaho ubwinshi bw’ibibyimba mu mitsi yanduye.

2. Gukwirakwira kwa HPV

HPV ikwirakwira binyuze mu mubano wa hafi, harimo no gukoraho uruhu cyangwa uruhu rw’imbere. Papilloma y’uruhu mu kanwa ishobora guterwa no gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina mu kanwa, gusuhuzanya, cyangwa gusangira ibintu nka ibikoresho byo kurya n’abantu banduye.

3. Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri butameze neza

Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri butameze neza bwongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara papilloma y’uruhu. Abantu barwaye indwara nka virusi itera SIDA cyangwa abakoresha imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ni bo bafite ibyago byinshi, kuko ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri budashobora guhangana n’ubwandu bwa HPV.

4. Imyaka n’igitsina

Papilloma y’uruhu iboneka cyane mu bantu bakuru ariko ishobora kandi kugaragara no mu bana. Nubwo imyaka ari ikintu, igitsina ntigisa nkaho gifite uruhare runini mu byago byo kurwara iyi ndwara.

5. Itabi n’inzoga

Kunywa itabi igihe kirekire no kunywa inzoga nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura HPV. Ibi bintu bigabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kandi bigatera ibibazo ku buzima bw’uturemangingo tw’uruhu, ibyo bishobora gutera papilloma y’uruhu.

6. Kudakora isuku y’amenyo neza

Kudakora isuku y’amenyo neza bishobora gutera ibikomere mu muhogo, bigatuma HPV yandura byoroshye kandi ikaba itera ubwinshi bw’ibibyimba. Kugira isuku y’amenyo ni ingenzi mu kugabanya ibyago.

7. Kuba hafi y’abantu bafite HPV

Kuba hafi cyangwa kuvugana n’abantu banduye HPV bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura. Ingamba zo kwirinda n’isuku ni ingenzi mu kugabanya ibyago.

Ibimenyetso n’uburyo bwo kubimenya

Imiterere	Ibisobanuro
Ibimenyetso bisanzwe	Ibibyimba bito, bisa n’ibihingwa by’ibinyamunyu, bisanzwe bidatera ububabare, ku ruhu cyangwa ku mubiri. Ibibyimba bishobora kugaragara ari byera, byatukura, cyangwa bitukura kandi bigira imiterere yoroshye cyangwa ikarishye. Ibibyimba bishobora kuba mu kanwa (ururimi, igihu, uvula) cyangwa mu muhogo, bigatera ikibazo.
Ibimenyetso bikomeye	Kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima, ikibazo cyo kuvuga, cyangwa kumva nk’aho hari ikintu mu muhogo (niba ari binini cyangwa byinshi). Rimwe na rimwe amaraso cyangwa ububabare niba ibikomere byangiritse n’ibikomere cyangwa gukorwaho.
Uburyo bwo kubimenya	Kusuzuma umubiri kugira ngo hamenyekane ubunini, aho biherereye, n’uburyo bigaragara. Gucukura ibice kugira ngo hamenyekane neza indwara kandi hamenyekane ko atari kanseri.
Kusuzuma HPV	Kusuzuma ADN ya HPV bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwoko bwa virusi kandi hamenyekane icyateye ibikomere.
Ibizamini byo kubona amashusho	Mu bihe bike, amashusho (urugero, CT cyangwa MRI) ashobora gukoreshwa ku bibyimba bikomeye cyangwa bitamenyekanye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura

1. Kwitondera no gukurikirana

Ku bibyimba bito, bidatera ikibazo, abaganga bashobora kugira inama yo gukurikirana kugira ngo harebwe impinduka z’ubunini, ibara, cyangwa ibimenyetso.

2. Kubaga

Harimo uburyo nko gukuraho ibikomere, kubaga hakoreshejwe lazeri kugira ngo habeho ubutabera, cyangwa electrocautery, ikoresha ubushyuhe kugira ngo ikureho kandi ifunge imiyoboro y’amaraso.

3. Cryotherapy

Ibi bisobanura gukonjesha ibikomere hakoreshejwe azote liquide, bigatuma imyanya idakora neza irangirika hatakoreshejwe kubaga.

4. Imiti yo kwisiga

Imiti nka imiquimod yo gukangurira ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, aside salicylic ku bibyimba biri hejuru, cyangwa imiti yo kurwanya virusi kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubwinshi bw’ibibyimba bifitanye isano na HPV.

5. Ubuvuzi bwa Photodynamic (PDT)

Guhuza imiti ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira umucyo n’umucyo udasanzwe kugira ngo birangize uturemangingo tudakora neza, bikunze gukoreshwa ku bibyimba bigoye kugeraho.

6. Immunotherapy

Kongera ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kugira ngo buhangane na HPV kandi bigabanye ubwinshi bw’ibibyimba, harimo n’inkingo za HPV zo kwirinda papilloma nshya.

7. Kwitaho nyuma yo kuvurwa

Gukurikirana n’abaganga no guhindura imibereho kugira ngo birinde ubwinshi bw’ibibyimba, harimo kwirinda itabi no kugira isuku y’amenyo n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri.

Incamake

Papilloma y’uruhu ni ubwinshi bw’ibibyimba buterwa n’ubwoko bwa HPV buke, bikunze kugaragara nk’ibibyimba bito, bisa n’ibihingwa by’ibinyamunyu ku ruhu cyangwa ku mubiri. Ibi bibyimba bisanzwe bidatera ububabare ariko bishobora gutera ikibazo cyangwa kubabaza, cyane cyane mu kanwa cyangwa mu muhogo. Kumenya indwara bikubiyemo gusuzuma umubiri, gucukura ibice, rimwe na rimwe no gusuzuma ADN ya HPV kugira ngo hamenyekane icyateye indwara kandi hamenyekane ko atari kanseri.

Uburyo bwo kuvura harimo gukuraho ibikomere, cryotherapy, electrocautery, cyangwa laser therapy, bitewe n’ubunini n’aho ibikomere biherereye. Imiti yo kwisiga no guhindura imibereho, nko kunoza isuku y’amenyo no kwirinda itabi, bifasha kugabanya ubwinshi bw’ibibyimba. Gukurikirana buri gihe bituma habaho ubuvuzi buhamye no kumenya hakiri kare ibikomere bishya.