Leukemia Ya Myelogenous Ikaze

'Uburwayi bwa kanseri y'amaraso n'amasogwe y'igitugu (Acute Myelogenous Leukemia, AML), ni kanseri itera amaraso n'amasogwe y'igitugu. Amasogwe y'igitugu ni ibintu byoroshye biri mu magufwa aho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dukora.Ijambo "acute" muri acute myelogenous leukemia risobanura ko iyi ndwara ikura vuba. Bita myelogenous (my-uh-LOHJ-uh-nus) leukemia kuko igira ingaruka kuri selile zitwa myeloid. Izi selile zisanzwe zihinduka selile z'amaraso zujuje, harimo utwese tw'amaraso y'umutuku, utwese tw'amaraso y'umweru n'ibipapuro by'amaraso.AML ni yo bwoko bwa kanseri y'amaraso bukunze kugaragara mu bakuru. Ubwoko bundi ni acute lymphoblastic leukemia, bita na ALL. Nubwo AML ishobora kuvurwa mu myaka yose, si bwoko bugaragara mbere y'imyaka 45. AML banayita acute myeloid leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute granulocytic leukemia na acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.Bitandukanye n'izindi kanseri, nta byiciro by'umubare biri muri acute myelogenous leukemia.\n\nClinic\n\nTwakira abarwayi bashya. Ikipe yacu y'inzobere iriteguye gushyira gahunda y'umubonano wawe wa acute myelogenous leukemia ubu.\n\nArizona:\n\xa0520-675-0382\n\nFlorida:\n\xa0904-574-4436\n\nMinnesota:\n\xa0507-792-8722'

Ibimenyetso bya leukemia ya myelogenous ikabije bishobora kuba birimo: Umuhango. Ububabare. Ahantu hasanzwe hababaza harimo amagufa, umugongo n'inda. Kumva unaniwe cyane. Kubura amaraso cyangwa guhinduka kw'irangi ry'uruhu. Indwara zikunze kubaho. Kwishima byoroshye. Kuzana amaraso nta mpamvu isobanutse, nko mu mazuru cyangwa mu menyu. Guhumeka nabi. Fata gahunda yo kubonana n'umuganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeza kukurushya. Ibimenyetso bya leukemia ya myelogenous ikabije bisa n'iby'izindi ndwara zikunze kubaho, nka virusi. Umuganga ashobora kubanza kureba izo mpamvu.

Suzuguramo umwanya ubone umuganga niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeza kukurushya. Ibimenyetso bya leukemia ya myelogenous ikaze bisa nibyo byinshi bimenyekanye cyane, nka virusi. Umuganga ashobora kubanza kureba izo mpamvu.

Akenshi ntabwo birasobanutse icyateza leukemia ya myelogenous ikaze.

Abaganga bazi ko itangira iyo ikintu cyateje impinduka kuri ADN iri mu mitobe iri mu mugozi w'amagufa. Umugozi w'amagufa ni ibintu bisa nk'ibyoroheje biri mu magufa. Niho akabuto k'amaraso gakorerwa.

Impinduka zituma haba leukemia ya myelogenous ikaze bizwi ko ziba mu mitobe yitwa myeloid cells. Imisebe ya myeloid ni imisebe yo mu mugozi w'amagufa ishobora guhinduka akabuto k'amaraso gakwirakwira mu mubiri. Imisebe myiza ya myeloid ishobora kuba:

• Ututose tw'amaraso utukura, dutwara umwuka mu mubiri.
• Ibyitwa platelets, bifasha mu kubuza amaraso kuva.
• Ututose tw'amaraso tw'umweru, dufasha kurwanya indwara.

Akabuto kamwe kamwe kose kari mu mubiri kagira ADN. ADN y'akabuto igira amabwiriza abwira akabuto icyo gukora. Mu mitobe myiza, ADN itanga amabwiriza yo gukura no kwiyongera ku muvuduko runaka. Amabwiriza abwira imisebe ko igomba gupfa igihe runaka. Ariko iyo impinduka za ADN ziba mu mitobe ya myeloid, impinduka zitanga amabwiriza atandukanye. Imisebe ya myeloid itangira gukora imisebe myinshi y'inyongera, kandi ntibihagarara.

Impinduka za ADN zituma imisebe ya myeloid ikora imisebe myinshi y'akabuto k'amaraso k'umweru katameze neza, yitwa myeloblasts. Myeloblasts ntiyakora neza. Bishobora kwiyongera mu mugozi w'amagufa. Bishobora kwirukana akabuto k'amaraso k'amazima. Iyo akabuto k'amaraso k'amazima kaba gake, hashobora kubaho urugero ruke rw'umwuka mu maraso, kwishimagura no kuva kw'amaraso byoroshye, no kwandura kenshi.

Ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amaraso ya acute myelogenous leukemia, izwi kandi nka AML, birimo:

• Ubusaza. Kanseri ya acute myelogenous leukemia igaragara cyane mu bantu bakuru bafite imyaka 65 n'irenga.
• Ivuriro rya kanseri mbere. Abantu bagiye bavurwa kanseri bakoresheje imiti runaka ya chimiothérapie na radiothérapie bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara AML.
• Kumenya imirasire. Abantu bahuye n'imirasire myinshi cyane, nko mu mpanuka y'uruganda rukora ingufu za kirimbuzi, bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara AML.
• Kumenya ibintu byangiza. Ibintu bimwe na bimwe, nka benzène, bifitanye isano n'ibyago byinshi byo kurwara AML.
• Kunywa itabi. AML ifitanye isano no kunywa itabi, ikubiyemo benzène n'izindi ngirakamaro zizwi ziterwa na kanseri.
• Indwara z'amaraso. Abantu barwaye izindi ndwara z'amaraso, nka myelodysplasie, myelofibrose, polycythemia vera cyangwa thrombocythémie, bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara AML.
• Indwara zo mu mubyibuho. Indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu mubyibuho, nka syndrome ya Down, zifitanye isano n'ibyago byinshi byo kurwara AML.
• Amateka y'umuryango. Abantu bafite umuryango wa hafi, nka musaza, umubyeyi cyangwa sekuru bafite indwara y'amaraso cyangwa umugufi w'amagufwa bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara AML.

Abantu benshi barwaye AML nta bintu by'ibyago bizwi bafite, kandi abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntabwo barwara iyo kanseri.

Mu gupima umusokoro w'amagufwa, umukozi w'ubuzima akoresha igishishwa gito cyo gukuramo umunyu muto w'umusokoro w'amagufwa. Ubusanzwe ufatwa ahantu mu mugongo w'igifu, bita kandi pelvis. Biopsie y'umusokoro w'amagufwa ikorwa rimwe na rimwe. Iyi nzira ya kabiri ikuramo igice gito cy'umubiri w'igifu n'umusokoro urimo.

Mu gihe cyo gupima lumbar puncture, bizwi kandi nka spinal tap, ubusanzwe uba uhagaze iruhande n'amavi yawe yerekeza ku gituza cyawe. Hanyuma igishishwa gishyirwa mu muyoboro w'umugongo mu mugongo wawe wo hasi kugira ngo hakurweho amazi yo mu muyoboro w'umugongo kugira ngo apimwe.

Ubuganga bwa leukemia ya myeloid ikunda gutangira harebwa niba hari ibikomere, amaraso mu kanwa cyangwa mu menyo, indwara, n'ibice by'umubiri by'umubiri byuzuye. Ibindi bipimo birimo ibizamini by'amaraso n'ibindi bipimo byo mu ivuriro, biopsie y'umusokoro w'amagufwa, lumbar puncture, na imaging.

Ibizamini n'ibipimo byo kuvura leukemia ya myelogenous, izwi kandi nka AML, birimo:

Ibizamini by'amaraso bya leukemia ya myelogenous birashobora kuba harimo ikizamini cyo kubara umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso mu kigero cy'amaraso. Iki kizamini kitwa complete blood count. Ibyavuye bishobora kugaragaza ko hari utwemangingo tw'amaraso menshi cyangwa bike. Akenshi ikizamini risanga nta turemangingo tw'amaraso tuhagije n'utudapfunyitse. Ikindi kizamini cy'amaraso kirashakisha utwemangingo tw'amaraso tudakomeye twitwa myeloblasts mu maraso. Izi cellules ubusanzwe ntiziboneka mu maraso. Ariko zishobora kuba mu maraso y'abantu bafite AML.

Bone marrow aspiration na biopsy ni ibikorwa bikubiyemo gukusanya utwenge two mu musokoro w'amagufwa. Mu gupima umusokoro w'amagufwa, igishishwa gikoreshwa gukuramo igice cy'umunyu w'umusokoro w'amagufwa. Mu gupima umusokoro w'amagufwa, igishishwa gikoreshwa gukusanya igice gito cy'umubiri ukomeye. Ibyavuye ubusanzwe bifatwa mu gifu. Ibyavuye bijyanwa mu ivuriro kugira ngo bipimwe.

Muri laboratoire, ibizamini bishobora kureba impinduka za ADN mu turemangingo tw'umusokoro w'amagufwa. Impinduka za ADN ziboneka mu turemangingo tw'umusokoro w'amagufwa ni igice cy'ingenzi cyo kuvura AML. Ibyavuye bishobora gufasha itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi gukora gahunda y'ubuvuzi.

Rimwe na rimwe, lumbar puncture ishobora kuba ikenewe niba hari impungenge ko leukemia yamanutse mu bwonko no mu muyoboro w'umugongo. Lumbar puncture izwi kandi nka spinal tap. Ikuramo igice cy'amazi akikije ubwonko n'umugongo. Igishishwa gito gishyirwa mu mugongo wo hasi kugira ngo hakurweho igice cy'amazi. Igice kijyanwa mu ivuriro.

Ibizamini bya imaging bifata amashusho y'umubiri. Kuri AML, ibizamini bya imaging bishobora gufata amashusho y'ubwonko, niba hari impungenge ko utwenge twa leukemia twamanutseyo. Imaging ishobora kuba harimo CT cyangwa MRI. Niba hari impungenge ko leukemia ishobora kuba yamanutse mu gice kinini cy'umubiri, imaging ishobora gukorwa hamwe na positron emission tomography scan, izwi kandi nka PET scan.

Niba ubonye AML, ushobora kuba ukeneye ibindi bipimo byo mu ivuriro kugira ngo umenye ubwoko bwa AML. Ibi bipimo birimo gusuzuma amaraso yawe n'umusokoro w'amagufwa kugira ngo harebwe impinduka za genetike n'ibindi bimenyetso bigaragaza ubwoko bwa AML. Ubu, hari ubwoko 15 butandukanye. Ubwoko bwa AML bufasha umukozi wawe w'ubuzima gupima ubuvuzi bukubereye.