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Kanseri Y'Amabere

Incamake

Igisobwa cyose kirimo ibice 15 kugeza kuri 20 by'umusemburo, biteguye nk'ibice by'inyanja. Ibyo bice bigabanyijemo utundi duce duto dutanga amata yo konsa. Uduti duto, twitwa imiyoboro, dutwara amata mu bubiko buri hepfo y'umutima.

Kanseri y'ibere ni ubwoko bwa kanseri butangira nk'ukura kw'uturemangingo mu mubiri w'ibere.

Nyuma ya kanseri y'uruhu, kanseri y'ibere ni yo kanseri iboneka cyane mu bagore muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Ariko kanseri y'ibere ntiibaho gusa mu bagore. Buri wese avukana imyanya y'ibere, ku buryo umuntu wese ashobora kurwara kanseri y'ibere.

Igipimo cyo gukira kanseri y'ibere cyiyongereye. Kandi umubare w'abantu bapfa bazize kanseri y'ibere ugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Ibi byinshi biterwa n'inkunga ikomeye yo kumenyekanisha kanseri y'ibere no gushyira amafaranga mu bushakashatsi.

Iterambere mu isuzuma rya kanseri y'ibere rifasha abaganga kuvura kanseri y'ibere hakiri kare. Kubona kanseri hakiri kare bituma bishoboka cyane ko kanseri ishobora gukira. Nubwo kanseri y'ibere idashobora gukira, hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura kugira ngo bongere igihe cyo kubaho. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi kuri kanseri y'ibere biri gufasha abaganga guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ibimenyetso

Ibimenyetso n'ibibonwa bya kanseri y'amabere bishobora kuba birimo: Akabuto k'umubiri cyangwa agace k'uruhu rukomeye kandi rumeze ubundi ugereranije n'imiterere y'uruhu rukikikikije. Umunyamakosa usa n'uwapfundikiwe cyangwa uhindukira imbere. Impinduka z'irangi ry'uruhu rw'amabere. Ku bantu bafite uruhu rw'umweru, uruhu rw'amabere rushobora kugaragara nk'irumvi cyangwa ritukura. Ku bantu bafite uruhu rw'umukara n'umukara, uruhu rw'amabere rushobora kugaragara nk'ijimye kurusha urundi ruhu rwo ku gatuza cyangwa rushobora kugaragara nk'itukura cyangwa ryera. Impinduka mu bunini, ishusho cyangwa isura y'amabere. Impinduka ku ruhu rwo hejuru y'amabere, nko kugaragara nk'uruhu rw'iminkanyari cyangwa rumeze nk'igikombe cy'imara. Gukura, gukomera, gukomera cyangwa gukomera kw'uruhu rwo ku mabere. Niba usanze hari akabuto cyangwa indi mpinduka ku mabere yawe, hamagara muganga cyangwa undi muhanga mu buvuzi. Ntugatege amatwi mammogram yawe itaha kugira ngo urebe niba impinduka wasanze ari kanseri y'amabere. Menyesha impinduka zose mu mabere yawe nubwo mammogram iheruka yerekanye ko nta kanseri y'amabere.

Igihe cyo kubona umuganga

Niba usanze hari ikibyimba cyangwa ikindi gihinduka mu gituza cyawe, hamagara umuganga cyangwa undi muhanga mu buvuzi. Ntugatege amatsiko yo gutegereza mammogram yawe itaha kugira ngo urebe niba ihindurwa usanze ari kanseri y'amabere. Menyesha impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu birenge byawe, kabone nubwo mammogram uheruka yakoze yagaragaje ko nta kanseri y'amabere uhura na yo.

Andika kuri email kugira ngo wumve amakuru mashya yerekeye kuvura kanseri y'amabere, kwitaho no kuyigenzura. adres Uzatangira vuba kwakira amakuru ajyanye n'ubuzima wasabye mu bujye bwawe.

Impamvu

Impamvu nyakuri itera kanseri y'amabere mu bantu benshi ntiiramenyekana. Abashakashatsi basanze ibintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Ibyo birimo imisemburo, imibereho n'ibintu biri mu kirere. Ariko ntibirasobanuka impamvu bamwe mu bantu badafite ibyo bintu bagira kanseri, abandi bafite ibyago byayo ntibayirwara. Birashoboka ko kanseri y'amabere iterwa n'imikorere ikomeye y'imiterere yawe ya genetique n'isi ikugerereye.

Abaganga bazi ko kanseri y'amabere itangira iyo hari ikintu gihindura ADN iri mu mitobe iri mu mubiri w'amabere. ADN y'umutobe ifite amabwiriza abwira umutobe icyo gukora. Mu mitobe ikora neza, ADN itanga amabwiriza yo gukura no kwiyongera ku muvuduko runaka. Amabwiriza abwira imitibe gupfa igihe runaka. Mu mitobe ya kanseri, impinduka za ADN zitanga amabwiriza atandukanye. Impinduka zibwira imitibe ya kanseri gukora imitibe myinshi vuba. Imitibe ya kanseri ishobora gukomeza kubaho iyo imitibe ikora neza yapfa. Ibi bituma habaho imitibe myinshi.

Imitibe ya kanseri ishobora gushinga ikibyimba. Icyo kibyimba gishobora gukura kikagera aho kwinjira no kwangiza imitibe y'umubiri ikora neza. Mu gihe, imitibe ya kanseri ishobora gutandukana ikakwirakwira mu bice by'umubiri. Iyo kanseri ikwirakwira, bita kanseri y'imikwirare.

Impinduka za ADN zitera kanseri y'amabere kenshi ziba mu mitobe ikingira inzira z'amata. Izo nzira ni imiyoboro yakozwe kugira ngo itware amata ku munonono. Kanseri y'amabere itangira muri izo nzira yitwa kanseri y'inzira z'amata. Kanseri y'amabere ishobora kandi gutangira mu mitobe iri mu mitobe y'amata. Izo mitobe, bita lobules, zakozwe kugira ngo zikore amata y'amabere. Kanseri iba muri lobules yitwa kanseri y'imitobere. Izindi mitobe iri mu mabere ishobora kuba imitibe ya kanseri, nubwo atari byo bisanzwe.

Ingaruka zishobora guteza

Ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere birimo:

  • Amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri y'amabere. Niba umubyeyi, umuvandimwe cyangwa umwana yagize kanseri y'amabere, ibyago byawe byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere byiyongera. Ibyago biri hejuru niba umuryango wawe ufite amateka yo kurwara kanseri y'amabere akiri muto. Ibyago binini kandi niba hari abantu benshi bo mu muryango wawe barwaye kanseri y'amabere. Nyamara, abantu benshi bapimwa kanseri y'amabere nta mateka y'iyi ndwara mu muryango wabo.
  • Amateka bwite ya kanseri y'amabere. Niba warwaye kanseri mu gitereko kimwe, ufite ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara kanseri mu kindi gitereko.
  • Amateka bwite y'uburwayi bw'amabere. Ibimenyetso bimwe by'amabere ni ibimenyetso by'ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Ibi bimenyetso birimo kanseri ya lobular in situ, izwi kandi nka LCIS, na hyperplasia idasanzwe y'amabere. Niba warigeze gukorerwa biopsie y'amabere igaragaza kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ufite ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere.
  • Gutangira imihango akiri muto. Gutangira imihango mbere y'imyaka 12 byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere.
  • Gutangira menopause ugeze mu kigero kinini. Gutangira menopause nyuma y'imyaka 55 byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere.
  • Kuba umugore. Abagore bafite ibyago byinshi kuruta abagabo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Buri wese avukana imyanya y'amabere, ku buryo umuntu wese ashobora kurwara kanseri y'amabere.
  • Imisemburo myinshi mu mabere. Imisemburo y'amabere igizwe n'imisemburo y'ibinure n'imisemburo ihambanye. Imisemburo ihambanye igizwe n'ibintu bikora amata, imiyoboro y'amata n'imisemburo ifite ibinure. Niba ufite amabere afite imisemburo myinshi, ufite imisemburo ihambanye kuruta imisemburo y'ibinure mu mabere yawe. Kugira amabere afite imisemburo myinshi bishobora gutuma bigorana kubona kanseri y'amabere kuri mammogram. Niba mammogram yerekanye ko ufite amabere afite imisemburo myinshi, ibyago byawe byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere byiyongera. Ganira n'abaganga bawe ku bipimo byindi ushobora gukora uretse mammograms kugira ngo urebe kanseri y'amabere.
  • Kunywesha inzoga. Kunywesha inzoga byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere.
  • Kubyara umwana wa mbere ugeze mu kigero kinini. Kubyara umwana wa mbere nyuma y'imyaka 30 bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere.
  • Kudashobora gutwita. Gutwita inshuro imwe cyangwa nyinshi bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Kudatwita na rimwe byongera ibyago.
  • Imyaka yiyongera. Ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere byiyongera uko ugenda ukura.
  • Impinduka za ADN zirakomoka zongera ibyago bya kanseri. Impinduka zimwe za ADN zongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere zishobora guherwa ku babyeyi ku bana. Impinduka zizwi cyane ni BRCA1 na BRCA2. Izi mpinduka zishobora kongera cyane ibyago byawe byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere n'izindi kanseri, ariko si buri wese ufite izi mpinduka arwara kanseri.
  • Ubuvuzi bw'imisemburo ya menopause. Gufata imiti imwe y'imisemburo kugira ngo ugenzure ibimenyetso bya menopause bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Ibyago bifitanye isano n'imiti y'imisemburo ihuza estrogen na progesterone. Ibyago bigabanuka iyo uretse gufata iyi miti.
  • Indwara y'umubyibuho. Abantu bafite umubyibuho bafite ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere.
  • Kumenyekana kwa radiation. Niba wakiriye ubuvuzi bwa radiation mu kifuba cyawe ukiri umwana cyangwa ukiri muto, ibyago byawe byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere biri hejuru.
Kwirinda

Kugira ngo ukore isuzuma ry'amabere wenyine kugira ngo umenye uko amabere yawe ameze, kuramya uburyo bukwemerera gupima amabere yawe yose. Urugero, tekereza ko amabere yawe yagabanyijemo ibice bingana, nk'utw'umutsima. Himura intoki zawe kuri buri gice ujya ku ibere. Guhindura imibereho yawe ya buri munsi bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Gerageza:

  • Kubaza ibizamini byo kuvura kanseri y'amabere. Ganira na muganga wawe cyangwa undi mukozi w'ubuzima ku gihe cyo gutangira isuzuma rya kanseri y'amabere. Baza ibyiza n'ibibi byo gupima. Hamwe, muzahitamo ibizamini byo kuvura kanseri y'amabere bikubereye.
  • Menya amabere yawe binyuze mu isuzuma ry'amabere wenyine kugira ngo umenye uko ameze. Ushobora guhitamo kumenya amabere yawe binyuze mu kuyasuzuma rimwe na rimwe mu isuzuma ry'amabere wenyine kugira ngo umenye uko ameze. Niba hari impinduka nshya, igituntu cyangwa ikintu kitari gisanzwe mu mabere yawe, kibimenyeshe umukozi w'ubuzima ako kanya. Ubumenyi bw'amabere ntiburinda kanseri y'amabere. Ariko bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza imiterere n'uburyo amabere yawe ameze. Ibi bishobora gutuma bishoboka cyane ko uzamenya niba hari ikintu cyahindutse.
  • Niba unywa inzoga, nywa ku rugero ruke. Gena umubare w'inzoga unywa ku gihe kitarenze kimwe ku munsi, niba uhisemo kunywa. Kugira ngo wirinde kanseri y'amabere, nta rugero rw'inzoga rukwiye. Niba rero uhangayikishijwe cyane n'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere, ushobora guhitamo kutayinywa.
  • Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri hafi iminsi yose y'icyumweru. Intego ni ugukora imyitozo ngororamubiri iminota nibura 30 ku minsi myinshi y'icyumweru. Niba utarakora imyitozo ngororamubiri vuba aha, baza umukozi w'ubuzima niba byakunda kandi utangire buhoro buhoro.
  • Gamagaga imiti y'imisemburo yo mu gihe cy'ubuze. Imiti y'imisemburo ihuriweho ishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Ganira n'umukozi w'ubuzima ku byiza n'ibibi byo gukoresha imiti y'imisemburo. Bamwe bagira ibimenyetso mu gihe cy'ubuze bibatera ibibazo. Abo bantu bashobora guhitamo ko ibyago byo gukoresha imiti y'imisemburo byemewe kugira ngo babone ubuvuzi. Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere, koresha umunyu muke w'imiti y'imisemburo bishoboka mu gihe gito.
  • Kugira ibiro byiza. Niba ibiro byawe ari byiza, komeza uburemere bwabyo. Niba ukeneye kugabanya ibiro, baza umukozi w'ubuzima uburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibiro. Funga kalori nke kandi utangire buhoro buhoro kongera umubare w'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Menya amabere yawe binyuze mu isuzuma ry'amabere wenyine kugira ngo umenye uko ameze. Ushobora guhitamo kumenya amabere yawe binyuze mu kuyasuzuma rimwe na rimwe mu isuzuma ry'amabere wenyine kugira ngo umenye uko ameze. Niba hari impinduka nshya, igituntu cyangwa ikintu kitari gisanzwe mu mabere yawe, kibimenyeshe umukozi w'ubuzima ako kanya. Ubumenyi bw'amabere ntiburinda kanseri y'amabere. Ariko bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza imiterere n'uburyo amabere yawe ameze. Ibi bishobora gutuma bishoboka cyane ko uzamenya niba hari ikintu cyahindutse. Gamagaga imiti y'imisemburo yo mu gihe cy'ubuze. Imiti y'imisemburo ihuriweho ishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Ganira n'umukozi w'ubuzima ku byiza n'ibibi byo gukoresha imiti y'imisemburo. Bamwe bagira ibimenyetso mu gihe cy'ubuze bibatera ibibazo. Abo bantu bashobora guhitamo ko ibyago byo gukoresha imiti y'imisemburo byemewe kugira ngo babone ubuvuzi. Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere, koresha umunyu muke w'imiti y'imisemburo bishoboka mu gihe gito. Niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere, ushobora gutekereza ku bindi bisubizo byo kugabanya ibyago. Ushobora kugira ibyago byinshi niba ufite amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri y'amabere. Ibyago byawe bishobora kandi kuba byinshi niba ufite amateka y'uturemangingo tw'imbwa mu mubiri w'amabere. Ganira ku byago byawe n'itsinda ry'ubuzima bwawe. Itsinda ryawe rishobora kugira amahitamo yo kugabanya ibyago byawe, nka:
  • Imiti yo kwirinda. Gukoresha imiti ibuza estrogeno bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere kuri abo bafite ibyago byinshi. Amahitamo harimo imiti yitwa selective estrogen receptor modulators na aromatase inhibitors. Iyi miti kandi ikoreshwa nk'imiti yo kuvura kanseri y'amabere. Iyi miti ifite ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi. Kubw'ibyo, ikoreshwa gusa kuri abo bafite ibyago byinshi cyane byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Suzuma ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo n'itsinda ry'ubuzima bwawe.
  • Ubuganga bwo kwirinda. Niba ufite ibyago byinshi cyane byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere, ushobora gutekereza kubagwa kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Kimwe mu byo guhitamo bishobora kuba kubagwa kugira ngo bakureho amabere, bitwa prophylactic mastectomy. Ikindi kintu ni kubagwa kugira ngo bakureho amagi, bitwa prophylactic oophorectomy. Ubu buvuzi bugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere na kanseri y'amagi. Imiti yo kwirinda. Gukoresha imiti ibuza estrogeno bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere kuri abo bafite ibyago byinshi. Amahitamo harimo imiti yitwa selective estrogen receptor modulators na aromatase inhibitors. Iyi miti kandi ikoreshwa nk'imiti yo kuvura kanseri y'amabere. Iyi miti ifite ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi. Kubw'ibyo, ikoreshwa gusa kuri abo bafite ibyago byinshi cyane byo kurwara kanseri y'amabere. Suzuma ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo n'itsinda ry'ubuzima bwawe.
Kupima

Mu gihe cyo gukora mammogram, uhagarara imbere y’imashini ya X-ray yakozwe ku gusuzuma amabere. Umuhanga mu bijyanye n’ubuvuzi arashyira ikibuno cyawe kuri platefome, maze akajyana platefome ahantu hajyanye n’uburebure bwawe. Umuhanga mu bijyanye n’ubuvuzi akufasha gushyira umutwe, amaboko n’igituza kugira ngo habeho kubona neza ikibuno cyawe.

Kugira MRI y’amabere bisobanura kuryama utwawe hasi ku meza y’ubuvuzi y’ibikoresho byoroshye. Amabere ahabwa umwanya mu meza. Uwo mwanya ufite imigozi itanga amakuru kuri MRI. Meza yinjirira mu mwanya munini w’imashini ya MRI.

Biopsy ikoresha igiti kinini, gifite umwanya w’ububiko kugira ngo ikuremo igice cy’umubiri. Aha, hari gukorwa biopsy ku kibuno cy’amabere gikurikiranwa. Igice cyakuweho cyoherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo abaganga bita pathologists babisuzuma. Ni abahanga mu gusuzuma amaraso n’ingingo z’umubiri.

Kumenya kanseri y’amabere kenshi bitangira harebwe n’isuzuma n’ibiganiro ku bimenyetso byawe. Ibipimo byo kubona amashusho bishobora kureba mu ngingo z’amabere ibyo ari byo byose bitari bisanzwe. Kugira ngo hemezwe ko hari kanseri cyangwa oya, igice cy’umubiri gikurwa mu mabere kugira ngo gisuzumwe.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amabere, umuhanga mu buvuzi areba amabere kugira ngo arebe ibyo ari byo byose bitari bisanzwe. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo impinduka ku ruhu cyangwa ku munwa w’amabere. Hanyuma umuhanga mu buvuzi yumva amabere kugira ngo arebe ibintu byabuze. Umuhanga mu buvuzi kandi yumva hafi y’amagufwa y’ibitugu no mu gice cy’ibitugu kugira ngo arebe ibintu byabuze.

Mammogram ni X-ray y’ingingo z’amabere. Mammograms zikoreshwa cyane mu gusuzuma kanseri y’amabere. Niba mammogram yo gusuzuma iboneye ikintu giteye impungenge, ushobora gukora indi mammogram kugira ngo urebe neza icyo gice. Iyi mammogram icukumbuye cyane yitwa diagnostic mammogram. Ikoreshwa cyane mu gusuzuma amabere yombi neza.

Ultrasound ikoresha amajwi kugira ngo ikore amashusho y’ibintu biri mu mubiri. Ultrasound y’amabere ishobora guha itsinda ry’abaganga amakuru menshi ku kibuno cy’amabere. Urugero, ultrasound ishobora kwerekana niba icyo kibuno ari igice gikomeye cyangwa igice kirimo amazi. Itsinda ry’abaganga rikoresha ayo makuru kugira ngo rimenye ibizamini ukeneye gukora.

Imashini za MRI zikoresha uburyo bwa magnetique n’amajwi ya radio kugira ngo ikore amashusho y’ibintu biri mu mubiri. MRI y’amabere ishobora gukora amashusho y’amabere yacucuye cyane. Rimwe na rimwe ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu gushaka neza ibindi bice bya kanseri mu mabere yafashwe. Bishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gushaka kanseri mu rundi ruhande rw’amabere. Mbere ya MRI y’amabere, urashobora guhabwa urushinge rw’amabara. Ayo mabara afasha ingingo kugaragara neza mu mashusho.

Biopsy ni uburyo bwo gukuramo igice cy’umubiri kugira ngo gisuzumwe muri laboratwari. Kugira ngo bakuremo icyo gice, umuhanga mu buvuzi ashyira igiti mu ruhu no mu ngingo z’amabere. Umuhanga mu buvuzi ayobora igiti akoresheje amashusho yakozwe na X-ray, ultrasound cyangwa ikindi kintu cyo kubona amashusho. Igihe igiti kigeze aho gikwiye, umuhanga mu buvuzi akoresha igiti kugira ngo akuremo ingingo mu mabere. Akenshi, ibimenyetso bishyirwa aho igice cyakuwe. Icyo kimenyetso gito cy’icyuma kizagaragara mu bipimo byo kubona amashusho. Icyo kimenyetso gifasha itsinda ry’abaganga gukurikirana icyo kibazo.

Igice cyakuwe mu mabere muri biopsy cyoherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo gisuzumwe. Ibipimo bishobora kwerekana niba uturemangingo turi muri icyo gice ari kanseri. Ibindi bipimo bitanga amakuru ku bwoko bwa kanseri n’uburyo ikura vuba. Ibipimo byihariye bitanga amakuru menshi ku turemangingo twa kanseri. Urugero, ibipimo bishobora gushaka hormone receptors ku ruhu rw’uturemangingo. Itsinda ry’abaganga rikoresha ibisubizo by’ibyo bipimo kugira ngo rikore gahunda yo kuvura.

Igihe itsinda ry’abaganga rimaze kumenya kanseri y’amabere, ushobora gukora ibindi bipimo kugira ngo umenye aho kanseri igeze. Ibi bita icyiciro cya kanseri. Itsinda ry’abaganga rikoresha icyiciro cya kanseri yawe kugira ngo rimenye uko bizakugenda.

Amakuru arambuye ku cyiciro cya kanseri yawe ashobora kutaboneka kugeza nyuma yo kubagwa kanseri y’amabere.

Ibipimo n’uburyo bikoreshwa mu kumenya icyiciro cya kanseri y’amabere bishobora kuba birimo:

  • Ibipimo by’amaraso, nko kubara amaraso n’ibipimo byerekana uko impyiko n’umwijima bikora.
  • Gusuzuma amagufwa.
  • CT scan.
  • MRI.
  • Positron emission tomography scan, izwi kandi nka PET scan.

Si buri wese ukeneye ibyo bipimo byose. Itsinda ry’abaganga rihitamo ibipimo bikwiye bitewe n’imimerere yawe.

Icyiciro cya kanseri y’amabere kiba kuva kuri 0 kugeza kuri 4. Umubare muto ugaragaza ko kanseri itaratera cyane kandi ko ishobora gukira. Kanseri y’amabere yo mu cyiciro cya 0 ni kanseri iri mu muyoboro w’amabere. Ntirarakaza ingingo z’amabere. Uko kanseri ikura mu ngingo z’amabere kandi ikagenda itera, icyiciro kiragenda kizamuka. Kanseri y’amabere yo mu cyiciro cya 4 bisobanura ko kanseri yamaze gukwirakwira mu bindi bice by’umubiri.

Uburyo bwo kuvura

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri y'amabere bukunze gutangira n'ubuganga bwo gukuraho kanseri. Abantu benshi bafite kanseri y'amabere bazagira ubundi buvuzi nyuma y'ubuganga, nko kurasa, chemotherapy na hormone therapy. Bamwe bashobora kugira chemotherapy cyangwa hormone therapy mbere y'ubuganga. Ibi bitabu byo kuvura bishobora gufasha kugabanya kanseri no kuyikorera mu buryo bworoshye. Igishushanyo cyawe cyo kuvura kizaterwa na kanseri yawe y'amabere. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izirikana icyiciro cya kanseri, uburyo ikura vuba kandi niba selile za kanseri zikurikiza imisemburo. Ikipe yawe yita ku buzima bwanyu kandi izirikana icyo ukunda. Hariho amahitamo menshi yo kuvura kanseri y'amabere. Bishobora kugaragara nk'iby'ingorabahizi gutekereza kuri ayo mahitamo yose no gufata ibyemezo bigoye ku bijyanye no kwita kuri wewe. Tekereza gushaka igitekerezo cya kabiri kuva ku muhanga mu kuvura kanseri y'amabere muri centre cyangwa kliniki y'amabere. Ganira n'abarokotse kanseri y'amabere bahuye n'icyemezo kimwe. Lumpectomy isobanura gukuraho kanseri na bimwe mu bice by'umubiri muzima biri hafi yayo. Iyi shusho igaragaza igice kimwe gishobora gukoreshwa muri ubu buryo, nubwo umuganga wawe azagena uburyo bubereye uko uhagaze. Mu gihe cya total mastectomy, umuganga akuraho umubiri w'amabere, umusaya, areola n'uruhu. Ubu buryo buzwi kandi nka simple mastectomy. Ubundi buryo bwa mastectomy bushobora gusiga bimwe mu bice by'amabere, nko ku ruhu cyangwa ku musaya. Kugira ubuganga bwo gukora amabere mashya ni ukugira amatsiko. Bishobora gukorwa icyarimwe n'ubuganga bwa mastectomy cyangwa bishobora gukorwa nyuma. Sentinel node biopsy igaragaza lymph nodes nke za mbere aho tumor isohora. Umuganga akoresha ibara ritabangamira n'umuti wa radioactive utari mwinshi kugira ngo abone sentinel nodes. Izo nodes zikurwaho kandi zigeragezwa kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso bya kanseri. Ubuganga bwa kanseri y'amabere busanzwe burimo uburyo bwo gukuraho kanseri y'amabere n'uburyo bwo gukuraho lymph nodes zimwe na zimwe hafi. Ibikorwa bikoresha kuvura kanseri y'amabere birimo: - Gukuraho kanseri y'amabere. Lumpectomy ni ubuganga bwo gukuraho kanseri y'amabere na bimwe mu bice by'umubiri muzima biri hafi yayo. Ibindi bice by'umubiri w'amabere ntibikurwaho. Amazina y'ubundi buryo bw'ubu buganga ni ubuganga bwo kubungabunga amabere na wide local excision. Abantu benshi bagize lumpectomy bagira kandi radiation therapy. Lumpectomy ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho kanseri nto. Rimwe na rimwe ushobora kugira chemotherapy mbere y'ubuganga kugira ngo ugabanye kanseri kugira ngo lumpectomy ishoboke. - Gukuraho umubiri wose w'amabere. Mastectomy ni ubuganga bwo gukuraho umubiri wose w'amabere. Uburyo bwa mastectomy busanzwe ni total mastectomy, bwitwa kandi simple mastectomy. Ubu buryo bukuraho amabere yose, harimo lobules, ducts, umubiri wa fatty na bimwe mu ruhu, harimo umusaya na areola. Mastectomy ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho kanseri nini. Bishobora kandi kuba ngombwa iyo hari ibice byinshi bya kanseri mu gice kimwe cy'amabere. Ushobora kugira mastectomy niba udashobora cyangwa ukaba utifuza radiation therapy nyuma y'ubuganga. Bimwe mu bwoko bushya bw'ubuganga bwa mastectomy bishobora kutakuraho uruhu cyangwa umusaya. Urugero, skin-sparing mastectomy isigira uruhu rumwe. Nipple-sparing mastectomy isigira umusaya n'uruhu ruri hafi yawo, bita areola. Ibi bikorwa bishya bishobora kunoza isura y'amabere nyuma y'ubuganga, ariko si amahitamo ya buri wese. - Gukuraho lymph nodes nke. Sentinel node biopsy ni ubuganga bwo gukuraho lymph nodes zimwe na zimwe kugira ngo zigeragezwe. Iyo kanseri y'amabere ikwirakwira, ikunze kujya mu lymph nodes hafi ya mbere. Kugira ngo turebe niba kanseri ikwirakwira, umuganga akuraho lymph nodes zimwe na zimwe hafi ya kanseri. Niba nta kanseri iboneka muri izo lymph nodes, amahirwe yo kubona kanseri muri lymph nodes izindi ni make. Nta zindi lymph nodes zikenewe gukurwaho. - Gukuraho lymph nodes nyinshi. Axillary lymph node dissection ni ubuganga bwo gukuraho lymph nodes nyinshi mu gituza. Ubuganga bwa kanseri y'amabere bushobora kuba burimo ubu buganga niba ibizamini byo kubona bigaragaza ko kanseri ikwirakwira mu lymph nodes. Bishobora kandi gukoreshwa niba kanseri iboneka muri sentinel node biopsy. - Gukuraho amabere yombi. Bamwe mu bantu bafite kanseri mu gice kimwe cy'amabere bashobora guhitamo gukuraho irindi bere, nubwo ritagira kanseri. Ubu buryo bwitwa contralateral prophylactic mastectomy. Bishobora kuba amahitamo niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri mu rindi bere. Ibyago bishobora kuba byinshi niba ufite amateka y'umuryango akomeye wa kanseri cyangwa ufite impinduka za ADN zikongera ibyago bya kanseri. Abantu benshi bafite kanseri y'amabere mu gice kimwe ntibazigera bagira kanseri mu rindi bere. Gukuraho kanseri y'amabere. Lumpectomy ni ubuganga bwo gukuraho kanseri y'amabere na bimwe mu bice by'umubiri muzima biri hafi yayo. Ibindi bice by'umubiri w'amabere ntibikurwaho. Amazina y'ubundi buryo bw'ubu buganga ni ubuganga bwo kubungabunga amabere na wide local excision. Abantu benshi bagize lumpectomy bagira kandi radiation therapy. Lumpectomy ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho kanseri nto. Rimwe na rimwe ushobora kugira chemotherapy mbere y'ubuganga kugira ngo ugabanye kanseri kugira ngo lumpectomy ishoboke. Gukuraho umubiri wose w'amabere. Mastectomy ni ubuganga bwo gukuraho umubiri wose w'amabere. Uburyo bwa mastectomy busanzwe ni total mastectomy, bwitwa kandi simple mastectomy. Ubu buryo bukuraho amabere yose, harimo lobules, ducts, umubiri wa fatty na bimwe mu ruhu, harimo umusaya na areola. Mastectomy ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho kanseri nini. Bishobora kandi kuba ngombwa iyo hari ibice byinshi bya kanseri mu gice kimwe cy'amabere. Ushobora kugira mastectomy niba udashobora cyangwa ukaba utifuza radiation therapy nyuma y'ubuganga. Bimwe mu bwoko bushya bw'ubuganga bwa mastectomy bishobora kutakuraho uruhu cyangwa umusaya. Urugero, skin-sparing mastectomy isigira uruhu rumwe. Nipple-sparing mastectomy isigira umusaya n'uruhu ruri hafi yawo, bita areola. Ibi bikorwa bishya bishobora kunoza isura y'amabere nyuma y'ubuganga, ariko si amahitamo ya buri wese. Ingaruka mbi z'ubuganga bwa kanseri y'amabere ziterwa n'ibikorwa uhitamo. Ibikorwa byose bifite ibyago by'ububabare, kuva amaraso no kwandura. Gukuraho lymph nodes mu gituza bifite ibyago byo kubyimbagira kw'ukuboko, bita lymphedema. External beam radiation ikoresha imirasire ikomeye y'ingufu kugira ngo yice selile za kanseri. Imirasire ya radiation igana neza kuri kanseri ikoresheje imashini itambuka ku mubiri wawe. Radiation therapy ivura kanseri ikoresheje imirasire ikomeye y'ingufu. Ingufu zishobora kuva kuri X-rays, protons cyangwa izindi nkomoko. Mu kuvura kanseri y'amabere, radiation ikunze kuba external beam radiation. Muri ubu bwoko bwa radiation therapy, uba uri ku meza mu gihe imashini itambuka kuri wewe. Imashini igana radiation ku bice byihariye by'umubiri wawe. Gake, radiation ishobora gushyirwa mu mubiri. Ubu bwoko bwa radiation bwitwa brachytherapy. Radiation therapy ikunze gukoreshwa nyuma y'ubuganga. Ishobora kwica selile za kanseri zishobora kuba zisasigaye nyuma y'ubuganga. Radiation igabanya ibyago byo kugaruka kwa kanseri. Ingaruka mbi za radiation therapy harimo kumva unaniwe cyane no kugira umututu nk'uw'izuba aho radiation igana. Umubiri w'amabere ushobora kandi kugaragara wabyimbye cyangwa ukaba ukomeye. Gake, ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kubaho. Ibi birimo kwangirika ku mutima cyangwa ku mpyiko. Gake cyane, kanseri nshya ishobora gukura mu gice kivuwe. Chemotherapy ivura kanseri ikoresheje imiti ikomeye. Hari imiti myinshi ya chemotherapy. Ubuvuzi bukunze kuba burimo imiti myinshi ya chemotherapy. Iyi miti myinshi itangwa mu mutsi. Imwe iboneka mu binyobwa. Chemotherapy ya kanseri y'amabere ikunze gukoreshwa nyuma y'ubuganga. Ishobora kwica selile za kanseri zishobora kuba zisasigaye kandi igabanye ibyago byo kugaruka kwa kanseri. Rimwe na rimwe chemotherapy itangwa mbere y'ubuganga. Chemotherapy ishobora kugabanya kanseri y'amabere kugira ngo yoroherwe gukurwaho. Chemotherapy mbere y'ubuganga ishobora kandi kugenzura kanseri ikwirakwira mu lymph nodes. Niba lymph nodes zitagira ibimenyetso bya kanseri nyuma ya chemotherapy, ubuganga bwo gukuraho lymph nodes nyinshi bishobora kutakenerwa. Uko kanseri isubiza chemotherapy mbere y'ubuganga bifasha ikipe y'ubuvuzi gufata ibyemezo ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bushobora kuba bukenewe nyuma y'ubuganga. Iyo kanseri ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri, chemotherapy ishobora gufasha kuyigenzura. Chemotherapy ishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso bya kanseri ikomeye, nko kubabara. Ingaruka mbi za chemotherapy ziterwa n'imiti uhabwa. Ingaruka mbi zisanzwe harimo gutakaza umusatsi, isereri, kuruka, kumva unaniwe cyane no kugira ibyago byinshi byo kwandura. Ingaruka mbi zidafite akamaro zishobora kuba harimo menopause mbere y'igihe no kwangirika kw'imitsi. Gake cyane, imiti imwe ya chemotherapy ishobora gutera kanseri y'amaraso. Hormone therapy ikoresha imiti kugira ngo ibuze imisemburo imwe mu mubiri. Ni ubuvuzi bwa kanseri y'amabere ikurikiza imisemburo ya estrogen na progesterone. Abahanga mu buvuzi bita izo kanseri estrogen receptor positive na progesterone receptor positive. Kanseri zikurikiza imisemburo zikoresha imisemburo nk'ibikomoka ku bikorwa byazo. Kubuza imisemburo bishobora gutuma selile za kanseri zigabanuka cyangwa zicwa. Hormone therapy ikunze gukoreshwa nyuma y'ubuganga n'ubundi buvuzi. Ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kugaruka kwa kanseri. Niba kanseri ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri, hormone therapy ishobora gufasha kuyigenzura. Ubuvuzi bushobora gukoreshwa muri hormone therapy birimo: - Imiti ibuza imisemburo gukomera kuri selile za kanseri. Iyi miti yitwa selective estrogen receptor modulators. - Imiti ibuza umubiri gukora estrogen nyuma ya menopause. Iyi miti yitwa aromatase inhibitors. - Ubuganga cyangwa imiti ibuza ovaire gukora imisemburo. Ingaruka mbi za hormone therapy ziterwa n'ubuvuzi uhabwa. Ingaruka mbi zishobora kuba harimo ubushyuhe bukabije, iminsi y'ijoro n'ubwumye bw'inda. Ingaruka mbi zikomeye harimo ibyago byo kugabanuka kw'amagufwa n'amaraso. Targeted therapy ikoresha imiti igaba imiti runaka muri selile za kanseri. Kubuza iyi miti, ubuvuzi bwa targeted bishobora gutuma selile za kanseri zipfa. Imiti ya targeted therapy isanzwe ikoreshwa kuri kanseri y'amabere ni iyo igana kuri protein HER2. Selile zimwe za kanseri y'amabere zikora HER2 nyinshi. Iyi protein ifasha selile za kanseri gukura no kubaho. Imiti ya targeted therapy igaba selile zikora HER2 nyinshi kandi ntikangiza selile zumubiri muzima. Hari imiti myinshi ya targeted therapy yo kuvura kanseri y'amabere. Selile zawe za kanseri zishobora kugeragezwa kugira ngo harebwe niba iyi miti ishobora kugufasha. Imiti ya targeted therapy ishobora gukoreshwa mbere y'ubuganga kugira ngo igabanye kanseri y'amabere kandi yorohere gukurwaho. Imwe ikoreshwa nyuma y'ubuganga kugira ngo igabanye ibyago byo kugaruka kwa kanseri. Izindi zikoreshwa gusa iyo kanseri ikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Immunotherapy ni ubuvuzi bukoresha imiti ifasha ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kwica selile za kanseri. Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buhangana n'indwara bwo gutera udukoko n'izindi selile zitagomba kuba mu mubiri. Selile za kanseri ziramba binyuze mu kwihisha ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Immunotherapy ifasha selile z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kubona no kwica selile za kanseri. Immunotherapy ishobora kuba amahitamo yo kuvura kanseri y'amabere ya triple-negative. Kanseri y'amabere ya triple-negative bivuze ko selile za kanseri zitagira receptors kuri estrogen, progesterone cyangwa HER2. Palliative care ni ubuvuzi bwihariye bufasha kumva neza iyo ufite uburwayi bukomeye. Niba ufite kanseri, palliative care ishobora gufasha kugabanya ububabare n'ibindi bimenyetso. Ikipe y'abahanga mu buvuzi itanga palliative care. Ikipe ishobora kuba irimo abaganga, abaforomo n'abandi bahanga mu buvuzi bahuguwe. Intego yabo ni ukunoza ubuzima bwiza kuri wewe n'umuryango wawe. Abahanga mu kuvura palliative care bakorana nawe, umuryango wawe n'ikipe yawe yita ku buzima kugira ngo ugume neza. Batanga inkunga y'inyongera mu gihe ufite ubuvuzi bwa kanseri. Ushobora kugira palliative care icyarimwe n'ubuvuzi bukomeye bwa kanseri, nko kubaga, chemotherapy cyangwa radiation therapy. Iyo palliative care ikoreshwa hamwe n'ubundi buvuzi bubereye, abantu bafite kanseri bashobora kumva neza kandi bakabaho igihe kirekire. Andika kuri ubuntu kandi ubone amakuru mashya ku bijyanye no kuvura kanseri y'amabere, kwita no kuyicunga. aderesi link yo guhagarika kohereza imeri. Vuba uzatangira kwakira amakuru mashya y'ubuzima wasabye muri inbox yawe. Nta buvuzi bw'imiti y'ibinyobwa byagaragaye ko bukiza kanseri y'amabere. Ariko ubuvuzi bw'imiti y'ibinyobwa bisanzwe n'ibindi bishobora kugufasha guhangana n'ingaruka mbi z'ubuvuzi. Abantu benshi bafite kanseri y'amabere bagira umunaniro mu gihe cyo kuvurwa no nyuma yacyo. Iyi mvaho yo kumva unaniwe cyane kandi warambiwe ishobora gukomeza imyaka myinshi. Iyo ifatanije n'ubuvuzi bw'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi, ubuvuzi bw'imiti y'ibinyobwa bisanzwe n'ibindi bishobora gufasha kugabanya umunaniro. Ganira n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ku bijyanye na: - Imikino yoroheje. Niba ubonye icyemezo kuva ku ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi, tanga imikino yoroheje inshuro nke mu cyumweru. Ongeraho imikino, uko wumva ubishoboye. Tekereza kugenda, koga, yoga na tai chi. - Gucunga umunaniro. Fata iya mbere mu gucunga umunaniro mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Gerageza uburyo bwo kugabanya umunaniro nko kuruhuka imitsi, kwibona, no kumara igihe n'inshuti n'umuryango. Bamwe mu barokotse kanseri y'amabere bavuga ko icyemezo cyabo cyabagaragaye nk'iby'ingorabahizi. Bishobora kuba bigoye kumva uhangayitse icyarimwe ukeneye gufata ibyemezo by'ingenzi ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe. Mu gihe, uzabona uburyo bwo guhangana n'ibyiyumvo byawe. Kugeza ubwo ubonye icyakugirira akamaro, bishobora kugufasha: Niba wifuza kumenya byinshi ku kanseri yawe y'amabere, saba ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ibisobanuro bya kanseri yawe. Andika ubwoko, icyiciro n'uburyo bwa hormone receptor. Saba amakuru meza aho ushobora kumenya byinshi ku mahitamo yawe yo kuvura. Kumenya byinshi ku kanseri yawe n'amahitamo yawe bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere mu gihe ufata ibyemezo byo kuvura. Ariko kandi, bamwe ntibashaka kumenya ibisobanuro bya kanseri yabo. Niba ari uko wumva, menyesha ikipe yawe yita ku buzima. Ushobora kubona ko ari ingirakamaro kandi bikaguha imbaraga kuvugana n'abandi babonye kanseri y'amabere. Suzuma umuryango uterwa inkunga wa kanseri mu karere kawe kugira ngo umenye amatsinda y'inkunga hafi yawe cyangwa kuri interineti. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ushobora gutangira na American Cancer Society. Shaka inshuti cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wumva neza. Cyangwa uvugane n'umuyobozi w'idini cyangwa umujyanama. Saba ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo ikwereke umujyanama cyangwa undi muhanga ukora n'abantu bafite kanseri.

Aderesi: 506/507, 1st Main Rd, Murugeshpalya, K R Garden, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560075

Umuhakana: Kanama ni urubuga rw'amakuru y'ubuzima kandi ibisubizo byayo ntibigize inama z'ubuvuzi. Jya ubona umuganga ufite uruhushya rwo gukorera hafi yawe mbere yo gukora impinduka izo ari zo zose.

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