Dementia Ya Frontotemporale

Dementia ya frontotemporal (FTD) ni izina rusange ry'indwara z'ubwonko zibasira ahanini ibice by'ubwonko byo imbere (frontal lobes) n'iby'uruhande (temporal lobes). Ibi bice by'ubwonko bifitanye isano n'imico, imyitwarire n'ururimi.

Muri dementia ya frontotemporal, ibice bimwe na bimwe by'ibi bice by'ubwonko bigabanuka, bizwi nka atrophy. Ibimenyetso biterwa n'igice cy'ubwonko kibasirwa. Bamwe mu bantu bafite dementia ya frontotemporal bahindura imico yabo. Bahinduka badakwiriye mu mibanire, kandi bashobora kuba batagira ubushishozi cyangwa badahangayikishwa n'ibyiyumvo. Abandi babura ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ururimi neza.

Dementia ya frontotemporal ishobora kwitiranywa n'uburwayi bwo mu mutwe cyangwa n'indwara ya Alzheimer. Ariko FTD ikunze kugaragara mu myaka micye ugereranyije n'indwara ya Alzheimer. Ikunze gutangira hagati y'imyaka 40 na 65, nubwo ishobora kugaragara nyuma y'imyaka myinshi. FTD itera dementia hafi 10% kugeza kuri 20% by'igihe.

Ibimenyetso bya frontotemporal dementia bitandukanye ukurikije umuntu ku wundi. Ibimenyetso birushaho kuba bibi uko igihe gihita, akenshi mu myaka. Abantu bafite frontotemporal dementia bakunda kugira amatsinda y'ubwoko bw'ibimenyetso bibaho hamwe. Bashobora kandi kugira itsinda ry'ubwoko bw'ibimenyetso. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya frontotemporal dementia birimo impinduka zikabije mu myitwarire no mu mico. Ibi birimo: Imikorere mpuzabantu idakwiriye cyane. Kubura ubumuntu n'ubundi buhanga mu mibanire. Urugero, kutamenya ibyiyumvo by'undi muntu. Kubura ubwenge. Kubura ubugwari. Kubura inyota, bizwi kandi nka apathy. Apathy ishobora kwitiranwa n'agahinda. Imikorere ikabije nko gukubita, gukoma, cyangwa gukubita iminwa inshuro nyinshi. Kugabanuka mu isuku bwite. Impinduka mu migenzo yo kurya. Abantu bafite FTD bakunda kurya cyane cyangwa bakunda kurya ibinyobwa n'ibiribwa birimo isukari. Kurya ibintu. Kugira amatsiko yo gushyira ibintu mu kanwa. Amwe mu bwoko bwa frontotemporal dementia atuma habaho impinduka mu bushobozi bw'ururimi cyangwa kubura amagambo. Ubwoko burimo primary progressive aphasia, semantic dementia na progressive agrammatic aphasia, bizwi kandi nka progressive nonfluent aphasia. Ibi bishobora gutera: Kugira ibibazo byiyongera mu gukoresha no kumva ururimi rwanditse n'urwavuzwe. Abantu bafite FTD bashobora kutamenya ijambo rikwiye gukoreshwa mu kuvuga. Kugira ibibazo mu gutanga amazina. Abantu bafite FTD bashobora gusimbuza ijambo runaka ijambo rusanzwe, nko gukoresha “it” aho gukoresha ijambo “pen”. Kutakizi neza ibisobanuro by'amagambo. Kugira amagambo adahwitse ashobora kuba asa n'amagambo magufi cyane akoresha imirongo ibiri y'amagambo. Gukora amakosa mu kubaka interuro. Ubwoko buke bwa frontotemporal dementia butera imikorere isa n'iyaboneka muri Parkinson's disease cyangwa amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Ibimenyetso by'imikorere bishobora kuba birimo: Kuhagarara. Gukomera. Kugira imikaya cyangwa guhindagurika kw'imikaya. Kubura ubuhanga. Kugira ibibazo mu kunywa. Kugira intege nke z'imikaya. Kwenga cyangwa kurira bidasobanutse. Kugwa cyangwa kugira ibibazo mu kugenda.

Mu gihe cy'indwara ya frontotemporal dementia, ibice by'ubwonko byo imbere (frontal lobes) n'iby'uruhande (temporal lobes) bigabanuka kandi ibintu bimwe na bimwe bikagira umubare munini mu bwonko. Impamvu itera izi mpinduka akenshi ntibizwi.

Hari impinduka zimwe na zimwe za gene zishamikiye kuri frontotemporal dementia. Ariko abantu barenga ½ bafite FTD nta mateka y'indwara yo mu bwonko mu muryango wabo.

Abashakashatsi bemeje ko zimwe mu mpinduka za gene ziterwa na frontotemporal dementia ziboneka kandi muri amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Ubushakashatsi bwinshi burakomeje kugira ngo twumve isano iri hagati y'izo ndwara.

Ibyago byo kwibasirwa na frontotemporal dementia biri hejuru iyo ufite amateka y'indwara ya dementia mu muryango. Nta bundi buryo bumenyekanye bwongera ibyago.

Nta kizami kimwe cyonyine kigenzura uburwayi bwa frontotemporal dementia. Abaganga bareba ibimenyetso byawe kandi bakareka izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera ibyo bimenyetso. FTD birashobora kugorana kuyimenya hakiri kare kuko ibimenyetso bya frontotemporal dementia bikunda gusa n’iby’izindi ndwara. Abaganga bashobora gutegeka ibizami bikurikira. Ibizami by’amaraso Kugira ngo bafashe gukuraho izindi ndwara, nka kanseri y’umwijima cyangwa impyiko, ushobora gukenera ibizami by’amaraso. Ubushakashatsi bw’uburyamo Bimwe mu bimenyetso byo kubura umwuka mu gihe cyo kuryama bishobora kumera nk’ibya frontotemporal dementia. Ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kuba harimo impinduka mu kwibuka, gutekereza no kwitwara. Ushobora gukenera ubushakashatsi bw’uburyamo niba unanutse cyane kandi uhagarika guhumeka mu gihe utuye. Ubushakashatsi bw’uburyamo bushobora gufasha gukuraho kubura umwuka mu gihe cyo kuryama nk’intandaro y’ibimenyetso byawe. Ibizami byo gusuzuma ubushobozi bw’ubwonko Abaganga bashobora gusuzuma ubuhanga bwawe bwo gutekereza no kwibuka. Ubwo buryo bwo gusuzuma burafasha cyane kumenya ubwoko bw’uburwayi bwa alzheimer ushobora kuba ufite mu gihe cya mbere. Nanone birashobora gufasha gutandukanya FTD n’izindi mpamvu ziterwa na alzheimer. Amashusho y’ubwonko Amashusho y’ubwonko arashobora kwerekana ibintu bigaragara bishobora gutera ibimenyetso. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo amaraso, amaraso cyangwa imikaya. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ikirangiza cya MRI gikoresha amashusho ya radiyo n’ikinyabiziga gikomeye cy’amabuye y’ubutaka kugira ngo gikore amashusho y’ubwonko. MRI irashobora kwerekana impinduka mu ishusho cyangwa ingano y’ibice by’imbere cyangwa ibyo inyuma by’ubwonko. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tracer (FDG-PET) scan. Iki kizami gikoresha umuti muto wa radioactive uterwa mu maraso. Uwo muti ushobora gufasha kwerekana ibice by’ubwonko aho intungamubiri zidakora neza. Ibice byo kugabanya ubukungu bishobora kwerekana aho impinduka zabaye mu bwonko kandi bishobora gufasha abaganga kuvura ubwoko bw’uburwayi bwa alzheimer. Hari icyizere ko kuvura frontotemporal dementia bishobora koroshya mu gihe kizaza. Abashakashatsi baracyiga ibimenyetso bya FTD. Ibimenyetso ni ibintu bishobora gupimwa kugira ngo bifashe kuvura indwara. Kwitaho muri Mayo Clinic Itsinda ryacu ry’inzobere za Mayo Clinic rirashobora kugufasha mu bibazo byawe by’ubuzima bifitanye isano na frontotemporal dementia. Tangira hano Amakuru y’inyongera Kwitaho kwa frontotemporal dementia muri Mayo Clinic CT scan MRI Positron emission tomography scan SPECT scan Reba amakuru y’inyongera

Nta bushakashatsi cyangwa ubuvuzi buhari ubu bw'ubumuga bwa frontotemporal dementia, nubwo ubushakashatsi bw'ubuvuzi burakomeje. Imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura cyangwa guhutisha indwara ya Alzheimer ntabona ko ifasha abantu bafite frontotemporal dementia. Amwe ya miti ya Alzheimer irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bintu bya FTD. Ariko amwe ya miti n'ubuvuzi bwa majwi birashobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe. Imiti Iyi miti irashobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso by'imibereho ya frontotemporal dementia. Antidepressants. Amoko amwe ya antidepressants, nka trazodone, arashobora kugabanya ibimenyetso by'imibereho. Abakora serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) kandi bishobora gukora neza kuri bamwe bantu. Harimo citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), paroxetine (Paxil, Brisdelle) cyangwa sertraline (Zoloft). Antipsychotics. Imiti ya antipsychotic, nka olanzapine (Zyprexa) cyangwa quetiapine (Seroquel), rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibimenyetso by'imibereho bya FTD. Ariko iyi miti igomba gukoreshwa mu buryo bw'umwete mu bantu bafite dementia. Irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi, harimo no kwiyongera kw'ingaruka z'urupfu. Ubuvuzi Abantu bafite frontotemporal dementia bagira ingorane z'ururimi bashobora kugira akamaro kuva mu buvuzi bwa majwi. Ubuvuzi bwa majwi bigisha abantu gukoresha ibikoresho bya kuvugana. Saba gahunda y'ubuvuzi.

Niba uherutse kuvurirwa indwara ya frontotemporal dementia, gufashwa, kwitabwaho no kugirwa impuhwe n'abantu wizeye bishobora kugufasha cyane. Ukoresheje umuganga wawe cyangwa internet, shaka itsinda ry'abantu bafite frontotemporal dementia. Itsinda ry'abantu bafite iyi ndwara rishobora gutanga amakuru akurikira ibyo ukeneye. Byongera kukwemerera gusangira ibyo uhanganye nabyo n'ibyiyumvo byawe. Ku bantu bitabira abandi no kubana nabo Kwita ku muntu ufite frontotemporal dementia bishobora kugorana kuko FTD ishobora gutera impinduka zikomeye mu myitwarire n'imico. Bishobora kugufasha kwigisha abandi ibimenyetso by'imyitwarire n'icyo bashobora kwitega iyo bamaranye igihe n'umuntu ukunda. Abita ku barwayi n'abakunzi babo, abo bashakanye, cyangwa abandi bantu bo mu muryango babitaho, bizwi nka bagenzi babitaho, bakeneye ubufasha. Bashobora kubona ubufasha mu bagize umuryango, inshuti n'amatsinda y'abantu bafite iyi ndwara. Cyangwa bashobora gukoresha ubufasha bw'igihe gito butangwa n'ibigo byita ku bakuru cyangwa ibigo byita ku buzima bw'abantu mu ngo zabo. Ni ngombwa ko abita ku barwayi n'abo babana nabo bitabira ubuzima bwabo, bakora imyitozo ngororamubiri, bakarya indyo yuzuye kandi bagacunga umunaniro wabo. Kwitabira ibikorwa byo kwidagadura hanze y'urugo bishobora kugabanya umunaniro. Iyo umuntu ufite frontotemporal dementia akeneye kwitabwaho amasaha 24, imiryango myinshi ijya mu bigo byita ku barwayi. Gahunda zateguwe mbere bizatuma iki gihe cyo guhindura aho umuntu aba cyoroshye kandi bishobora gutuma uwo muntu agira uruhare mu gufata ibyemezo.