Dementiya ya Frontotemporal ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, & Ubuvuzi

Dementiya ya Frontotemporal (FTD) ni itsinda ry’uburwayi bw’ubwonko bugira ingaruka ahanini ku gice cy’ubwonko cy’imbere (frontal) n’icy’uruhande (temporal). Ibi bice ni byo bishinzwe imico, imyitwarire, ururimi, no gufata ibyemezo. Bitandukanye na Alzheimer, isanzwe ikubita ku kwibuka mbere, FTD isanzwe ihindura uko witwara, uko uvuga, cyangwa uko ufitanye isano n’abandi mbere y’uko ibibazo byo kwibuka bigaragara.

Iki kibazo gisanzwe gitera hagati y’imyaka 40 na 65, bigatuma iba imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru za dementia mu bantu bakuze bakiri bato. Nubwo ibyo kuvura bishobora gutera ubwoba, gusobanukirwa ibiri kubaho bishobora gufasha wowe n’abakunzi bawe kunyura muri uru rugendo mu buryo bworoshye kandi mufashanyije.

Ibimenyetso bya demensiya ya frontotemporal ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya FTD bitandukanye cyane bitewe n’igice cy’ubwonko cyagizweho ingaruka mbere. Ushobora kubona impinduka mu myitwarire, ururimi, cyangwa imiterere y’umubiri isa n’aho itari yo cyangwa iteye impungenge.

Ibimenyetso bya mbere bikunze kugaragara bikubiyemo impinduka mu myitwarire n’imico bishobora kuba bito mu ntangiro ariko bigakomeza kuba byinshi buhoro buhoro. Dore amatsinda y’ibimenyetso ukwiye kumenya:

Impinduka mu myitwarire n’imico zikunze kuba:

• Gutakaza ubumuntu cyangwa ubwenge bw’imibanire
• Imikorere cyangwa amagambo adakwiriye mu mibanire
• Imikorere ikabije nko gukora ibintu bisubiramo cyangwa imigenzo
• Uburangare mu gufata ibyemezo
• Gutakaza ishyaka cyangwa ubushake
• Impinduka mu migenzo yo kurya cyangwa ibyo kurya bikundwa
• Kwihuta cyane cyangwa gufata ibyago

Ubugoyagoyago bw’ururimi bushobora kugaragara nk’ibi:

• Kugira ikibazo cyo kubona amagambo akwiye
• Kuvuga bike cyangwa guceceka
• Kugira ikibazo cyo gusobanukirwa interuro zikomeye
• Kugira ibibazo by’ubuvanganzo cyangwa imiterere y’interuro
• Gusubiramo ibintu bivugwa

Ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n’imigendekere bishobora kuba birimo:

• Ubusembwa bw’imikaya cyangwa gukakara
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima
• Ibibazo byo guhuza ibikorwa
• Kujijinganya cyangwa imigendekere idakozwe n’ubushake

Ibi bimenyetso bikunda kuza buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Ikintu gikomeye gitera imbogamizi kuri FTD ni uko ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kwitiranywa n’ihungabana, umunaniro, cyangwa gusaza bisanzwe, bikaba bigatinda kuvurwa neza.

Ni iyihe mityo ya frontotemporal dementia?

FTD ifite indwara nyinshi zitandukanye, buri imwe igira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye by’imikorere y’ubwonko. Gusobanukirwa izi mityo bishobora gufasha gusobanura impamvu ibimenyetso bitandukanye cyane uhereye ku muntu umwe ku wundi.

Behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) ni yo mityo imenyekanye cyane, igira ingaruka ku mico n’imyitwarire mbere. Ushobora kubona impinduka zikomeye mu myitwarire ya sosiyete, mu myitwarire y’amarangamutima, cyangwa mu myitwarire isuku.

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) ikunda kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’ururimi. Iyi gice irimo ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru: semantic variant PPA, igira ingaruka ku gusobanukirwa amagambo n’ubusobanuro, na nonfluent variant PPA, ituma kuvugira bigorana kandi bigabanuka.

Indwara z’imigendekere zifitanye isano na FTD zirimo progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) na corticobasal syndrome (CBS). Izi ndwara zihuriza hamwe impinduka zo gutekereza hamwe n’ibibazo bikomeye by’imigendekere nko kubura ubusugire, gukakara kw’imikaya, cyangwa ibibazo byo guhuza ibikorwa.

Bamwe mu bantu barwara imwe muri izi mityo, kandi ibimenyetso bishobora guhuza cyangwa guhinduka uko iyi ndwara igenda ikura. Ubwoko bwawe bw’iyi ndwara bufasha abaganga gusobanukirwa icyo bakwiye kwitega n’uko bategura ubuvuzi bwawe neza.

Ni iki giterwa na frontotemporal dementia?

FTD ibaho iyo uturemangingo tw’imbere mu bwonko mu gice cy’imbere (lobe frontale) n’icya temporele byangirika bikapfa. Uyu mucyo, witwa neurodegeneration, ubangamira itumanaho risanzwe hagati y’uturemangingo tw’ubwonko, bikaba ari byo bituma ugaragaza ibimenyetso.

Intandaro yabyo ishingiye ku kubura kw’imikorere isanzwe ya poroteyine mu turemangingo tw’ubwonko. Poroteyine zikunze kugaragara muri ibi ni tau, FUS, na TDP-43. Izi poroteyine zisanzwe zifasha uturemangingo gukora neza, ariko muri FTD, zihindura imiterere yazo zikagumaho, amaherezo zigakomeretsa no kwica uturemangingo tw’ubwonko.

Imirire y’umuntu igira uruhare runini mu bintu byinshi:

• Abantu bagera kuri 40% bafite FTD bafite amateka yo mu muryango wabo barwaye iyi ndwara
• Hari imwe mu mibare y’imiterere y’umuntu ifitanye isano na FTD, irimo C9orf72, MAPT, na GRN
• Niba ufite umubyeyi ufite FTD iterwa n’imiterere y’umuntu, ufite amahirwe 50% yo kuzaragwa iyo mibare
• Isuzuma ry’imiterere y’umuntu riboneka, ariko bisaba inama zikwiye

Mu gihe nta ntandaro isobanutse y’imiterere y’umuntu, abashakashatsi bari gukora ubushakashatsi kuri:

• Ibintu byo mu kirere bishobora gutera ibibazo bya poroteyine
• Impinduka ziterwa n’imyaka mu gukora kwa poroteyine
• Ubufatanye hagati y’imiterere myinshi y’umuntu
• Ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibikomere byo mu mutwe cyangwa ibindi bikomere byo mu bwonko

Kuri ubu, ibintu byinshi bya FTD nta ntandaro imwe isobanuka ifite. Ubushakashatsi burakomeza gusuzuma uburyo imiterere y’umuntu, ibidukikije, n’imyaka bakorana kugira ngo bateze iyi ndwara.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera frontotemporal dementia?

Wagomba gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga niba ubona impinduka zihoraho mu mico, imyitwarire, cyangwa ururimi bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa buri munsi. Gusuzuma hakiri kare ni ingenzi kuko kuvura hakiri kare bishobora kugufasha kubona ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ibikorwa byo gufasha.

Hamagara muganga wawe niba wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda yahuye n’impinduka zikomeye mu myitwarire ya sosiyete, nko kubura ubumuntu, kuvuga amagambo adakwiriye, cyangwa kwikura mu mibanire. Izi mpinduka mu myitwarire akenshi ziba ari ibimenyetso bya mbere bya FTD kandi ntibikwiye gufatwa nk’ibintu bisanzwe byo gusaza cyangwa umunaniro.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya niba ubona:

• Impinduka zidasanzwe kandi zikomeye mu mico
• Ukugoyagoya cyane mu kuvuga cyangwa kumva ururimi
• Ibibazo bikomeye byo kubura umutekano cyangwa ugenda
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima cyangwa guhumeka
• Gutekereza kwibabaza cyangwa kubabaza abandi

Ntugatege amatwi niba ibibazo by’ururimi bikomeye cyangwa niba ibibazo byo kugenda bikomeza kwihuta. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza iterambere rya FTD cyangwa izindi ndwara zikomeye zisaba isuzuma rya muganga ako kanya.

Wibuke ko uburwayi bwinshi bushobora kumera nk’ibimenyetso bya FTD, harimo agahinda, ibibazo by’umwijima, cyangwa ingaruka z’imiti. Isuzuma rya muganga rirambuye rishobora gufasha kumenya impamvu zishobora kuvurwa kandi bikaba byiza guhabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya frontotemporal dementia?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara FTD, nubwo kuba ufite ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye no kugenzura no kwirinda.

Ibintu byongera ibyago byinshi birimo:

• Amateka y’umuryango wa FTD cyangwa indwara zifitanye isano zangiza imitsi y’ubwonko
• Imyaka iri hagati ya 40 na 65
• Kuba ufite impinduka runaka za gene
• Kuba ufite umuntu wa hafi ufite impinduka zidasanzwe mu myitwarire cyangwa ururimi

Ibintu byongera ibyago bidafite akamaro ariko bishoboka birimo:

• Amateka yo gukomeretsa umutwe cyane
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe zifitanye isano n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri
• Kuhura n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe byangiza ibidukikije
• Izindi ndwara zifitanye isano n’imitsi y’ubwonko mu muryango

Bitandukanye n’ubundi bwoko bwa dementia, FTD isa ntiyihujwe cyane n’ibintu byongera ibyago by’indwara z’umutima nk’umuvuduko w’amaraso ukabije cyangwa diabete. Ariko rero, kubungabunga ubuzima bw’ubwonko muri rusange binyuze mu myitozo ngororamubiri, imirire myiza, no kwifatanya n’abandi bishobora kugira akamaro mu kurinda.

Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango akomeye wa FTD, inama z’ubuvuzi zishingiye ku mbaraga za gene zishobora kugufasha kumva ibyago byawe n’amahitamo yawe. Uyu muhanda ugomba kubanza gusuzuma amateka y’umuryango wawe no kuganira ku byiza n’ibibi byo gupima gene.

Ni iki gishobora kuba ingaruka za frontotemporal dementia?

FTD ishobora gutera ingaruka zitandukanye uko iyi ndwara igenda ikura, ikagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umubiri n’imibereho myiza. Gusobanukirwa izi mbogamizi bishobora kugufasha kwitegura no gushaka ubufasha ukeneye.

Uko FTD igenda ikura, gukora ibintu bya buri munsi bigenda bigorana. Ushobora kugira ibibazo mu kwita ku mibereho yawe, gucunga imari, cyangwa kubungabunga umubano. Izi mpinduka zishobora kuba ingorabahizi cyane kuko kenshi zibaho mu gihe ubuzima bw’umubiri buguma bwiza.

Ingaruka zisanzwe harimo:

• Gukora nabi isuku y’umubiri no kwita ku buzima bwawe
• Ibibazo mu gucunga imari cyangwa gufata ibyemezo by’ingenzi
• Kwikurura mu bandi kubera impinduka mu myitwarire
• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kugira impanuka cyangwa imvune
• Ibibazo by’imirire bitewe n’uburyo bwo kurya
• Kudasinzira neza no kutihanganira

Ingaruka zikomeye zishobora kuza uko igihe gihita:

• Gukora nabi mu kunywa amazi bigatuma haboneka pneumonia
• Ibibazo bikomeye byo kugenda no kugwa
• Gutakaza burundu ubushobozi bwo kuvuga no gutumanaho
• Kutanashobora kumenya abagize umuryango
• Guhitamo ubufasha bwo kwitabwaho buri gihe

Ingaruka zidafata benshi ariko zikomeye zishobora kubaho:

• Ibimenyetso bikomeye byo mu mutwe bisaba kujyanwa kwa muganga
• Indwara zikomeye ziterwa no kudakwitaho
• Imikorere mibi isaba kwitabwaho buri gihe
• Gutakaza burundu ubushobozi bwo kugenda

Igihe cyo gutera imbere gitandukanye cyane ku bantu. Bamwe bashobora guhura n'impinduka zikomeye mu myaka mike, abandi bakagumana ubushobozi bwabo igihe kirekire. Gukorana n'abaganga bawe bishobora kugufasha guhangana n'ingorane no kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza igihe kirekire.

Uko dementia ya frontotemporal yakwirindwa

Kuri ubu, nta buryo bwemewe bwo kwirinda FTD, cyane cyane mu bihe biterwa n'imiterere ya gene. Ariko, kubungabunga ubuzima bw'ubwonko muri rusange bishobora kugabanya ibyago cyangwa gutinza itangira ry'ibimenyetso.

Kubera ko ingero nyinshi za FTD ziterwa na gene, kwirinda byibanda cyane ku isuzuma hakiri kare n'ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago. Niba ufite amateka y'umuryango wa FTD, inama z'abaganga b'abahanga mu bya gene zishobora kugufasha kumva amahitamo yawe no gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye no kugenzura.

Ingamba rusange zo kubungabunga ubuzima bw'ubwonko zishobora kugira akamaro:

• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe kugira ngo habeho imiterere myiza y'amaraso mu bwonko
• Kwitabira ibikorwa byongera ubushobozi bw'ubwonko
• Kubungabunga imibanire myiza
• Kurya indyo yuzuye ifite acide ya omega-3
• Kuryama bihagije no guhangana n'umunaniro
• Kwirinda inzoga nyinshi no kudakora

Ku bafite ibyago bya gene:

• Tegereza inama n'isuzuma rya gene
• Witabire ubushakashatsi niba buhari
• Kuguma ukora igenzura rya neurology
• Kumenya amakuru ajyanye n'ubuvuzi bushya

Nubwo iyi mikoreshereze itazagira icyo ihindura ku kwirinda burundu, itera imbaraga ubuzima bw’ubwonko muri rusange kandi ishobora kugufasha gukomeza gukora neza imikorere y’ubwonko igihe kirekire. Ubushakashatsi burakomeza gushakisha uburyo bwo kwirinda bushoboka, harimo n’imiti ishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’iterambere ry’imisemburo mu bwonko.

Dementia ya frontotemporal imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya FTD bisaba isuzuma ry’inzobere, kuko nta kizami kimwe gishobora kugaragaza neza iyi ndwara. Ubusanzwe, uburyo bwo kuyimenya burimo isuzuma menshi kugira ngo hamenyekane izindi ndwara zishobora kuba arizo kandi hameze neza icyemezo.

Muganga wawe azatangira akuze amateka yawe y’ubuzima n’isuzuma ry’umubiri, agashyira imbaraga ku gihe ibimenyetso byatangiye n’uburyo byagiye bikura. Azifuza kandi kumenya amateka y’umuryango wawe yerekeye dementia cyangwa ibibazo by’ubwonko.

Uburyo bwo kuyimenya busanzwe burimo:

• Isuzuma ry’ubwonko risohoka
• Isuzuma ry’imikorere y’ubwonko n’imyitwarire
• Amashusho y’ubwonko (MRI cyangwa CT scans)
• Ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo hamenyekane izindi ndwara
• Rimwe na rimwe gucukura mu mugongo (lumbar puncture) kugira ngo hakorwe ibizamini byihariye

Ibizamini byihariye bishobora kuba birimo:

• Isuzuma rya neuropsychological kugira ngo hamenyekane imikorere yihariye y’ubwonko
• Isuzuma ry’imvugo n’ururimi
• PET scans kugira ngo hamenyekane imikorere y’ubwonko
• Ibizamini bya gene kugira ngo hamenyekane niba FTD yaturutse mu muryango

Ibikoresho byo gupima byateye imbere birimo:

• Uburyo bushya bwo gufata amashusho y’ubwonko
• Ibizamini by’amaraso byo gupima imisemburo runaka
• Isuzuma ry’imikorere y’amaso
• Ibizamini bya gene byateye imbere

Uburyo bwo gupima bushobora kumara amezi menshi kandi bishobora gusaba gusura abaganga benshi. Ubu buryo burambuye bufasha mu kumenya neza indwara no gutegura uburyo bw’ivura. Rimwe na rimwe, kumenya neza indwara biba bigaragara gusa uko ibimenyetso bigenda bikura.

Ubuvuzi bwa Dementiya ya Frontotemporal ni buhe?

Nta muti urakiza FTD, ariko hari ubuvuzi butandukanye bushobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso no kunoza imibereho. Uburyo bwo kuvura bugamije guhangana n’ibimenyetso byihariye, no gufasha abarwayi n’imiryango yabo.

Gahunda z’ubuvuzi zigirwa ku giti cya buri muntu, hagendewe ku bimenyetso n’ibyo akeneye. Itsinda ry’abaganga bazakwitaho ririmo abaganga b’indwara z’ubwonko, abaganga b’indwara zo mu mutwe, abavuga, n’abakozi b’imibereho, bafatanije gutanga ubuvuzi burambuye.

Imiti ishobora gufasha ku bimenyetso bimwe na bimwe:

• Imiti yo kuvura ihungabana ku guhindura imimerere n’imyitwarire y’ubukorikori
• Imiti yo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe ku bibazo bikomeye by’imyitwarire
• Imiti yo kuryama ku kubura ibitotsi
• Imiti yo kwiruhura imikaya ku bimenyetso bijyanye n’imiyoboro

Ubuvuzi butari imiti bugira uruhare rukomeye:

• Ubuvuzi bw’amagambo kugira ngo ubashe gukomeza kuganira
• Ubuvuzi bw’umubiri kugira ngo ubashe gukomeza kugenda neza no kwirinda kugwa
• Ubuvuzi bw’imirimo kugira ngo uhindure imirimo ya buri munsi
• Uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire kugira ngo uhangane n’imyitwarire igoranye
• Ubuvuzi bw’umuziki cyangwa ubuhanzi kugira ngo ugaragaze amarangamutima yawe

Ubuvuzi bushya buri gukorwaho harimo:

• Imiti igamije gukumira uburibwe bw’imikorere y’imbere
• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara z’impyiko
• Ubuvuzi bwo kurwanya ububabare
• Ubuvuzi bw’uturemangingo
• Uburyo bwo gukangurira ubwonko

Igeragezwa rya kliniki ritanga uburyo bwo kubona ubuvuzi bukiri mu igeragezwa no gutanga umusanzu mu iterambere ry’ubushakashatsi. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba hari igeragezwa ririho ryaba rikubereye.

Intego z’ubuvuzi zigamije kubungabunga ubwigenge igihe kirekire, gucunga imyitwarire igoranye, no gufasha abarwayi n’ababarera mu gihe cy’indwara.

Uko wacunga Dementiya ya Frontotemporal iwawe

Kwita ku murwayi wa FTD mu rugo bisaba gutegura ahantu hatuje kandi hakozwe neza, mugihe uha agaciro ubuzima bwe n’icyubahiro cye. Ibintu by’ingenzi ni ukugendana n’uko ibimenyetso bihinduka uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Gushyiraho gahunda z’umunsi ku munsi bishobora kugabanya ukubura ubwenge n’ibibazo by’imyitwarire. Gerageza kugumishaho amasaha asanzwe yo kurya, gukora ibikorwa, no kuruhuka, kuko kumenya icyo utegereje bitanga ihumure kandi bigabanya imihangayiko.

Gutegura ahantu ho kuba mu rugo hafasha harimo:

• Kwikuraho ibintu bishobora guteza akaga nka tapi zidashizwe neza cyangwa ibintu byuzuye
• Gushyira amatara ahagije mu nzu yose
• Gukoresha inyandiko zoroheje kandi zisobanutse ku bintu by’ingenzi
• Kubika ibintu bikunze gukoreshwa ahantu hamwe
• Kuringaniza ibintu bishobora guteza akaga nka imiti cyangwa ibikoresho

Kwita ku guhinduka kw’imyitwarire bisaba kwihangana n’ubuhanga:

• Gutuza kandi ukirinda gutongana cyangwa guhora ubanza
• Guhindura ibitekerezo ku bikorwa bishimishije igihe habaye ikibazo
• Gukomeza gahunda zisanzwe n’ahantu hasanzwe aho bishoboka
• Gukoresha imvugo yoroshye kandi isobanutse
• Gutanga ibikorwa bijyanye n’ubushobozi buriho

Guha ubufasha mu bijyanye n’itumanaho uko ururimi ruhinduka:

• Vuga buhoro kandi ukoreshe amagambo yoroshye
• Tanga amabwiriza umwe umwe
• Koresha ibimenyetso by’amaso n’imigendekere
• Wihangane kandi uhe umwanya uhagije wo gusubiza
• Ibanda ku marangamutima n’ibyiyumvo aho kubanda ku bintu

Ubufasha bw’uwita ku murwayi ni ingenzi mu kwita ku murwayi mu rugo. Tekereza kwinjira mu matsinda y’ubufasha, gukoresha serivisi zo gufasha by’igihe gito, no kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe bw’umubiri n’ubw’umutima muri uru rugendo rugoye.

Wagomba gutegura gute uruzinduko kwa muganga?

Gutegura neza uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kugira ngo ubone ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ubundi bufasha. Gutegura neza kandi bigufasha kumva ufite icyizere kandi udatuje cyane mu gihe cy’ibitaro.

Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byose wabonye, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse uko iminsi igenda. Jya ugaragaza neza imyitwarire, ibibazo by’ururimi, cyangwa impinduka z’umubiri, kabone nubwo bigaragara nkibito cyangwa biteye isoni.

Zana amakuru akenewe mu buvuzi bwawe:

• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti n’ibindi byongerwamo ubu ukoresha
• Amateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango wawe, cyane cyane indwara z’ubwonko
• Igihe ibimenyetso byagaragaye
• Urutonde rw’ibibazo cyangwa ibibazo byihariye
• Amakuru y’abajyanama b’ubuzima

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti wizeye ushobora:

• Gutanga ibitekerezo by’inyongera ku mpinduka
• Kufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy’ibitaro
• Gutanga inkunga yo mu mutima mu biganiro bigoye
• Kubaza ibibazo ushobora kwibagirwa

Tegura ibibazo mbere, nka:

• Ni izihe isuzuma zikenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara?
• Ni iyihe miti ishobora gukoreshwa?
• Ibimenyetso bishobora gutera imbere vuba gute?
• Ni ayahe mahirwe ahari yo gufashwa?
• Abagize umuryango bagomba gupimwa?

Ntugatinye gusaba ko basobanura neza niba amagambo y’ubuvuzi atumvikana. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi ishaka ko ubwira neza uko uhagaze n’uburyo bwo kuvurwa.

Ni iki gikuru cyo kwibuka ku bijyanye na dementia ya frontotemporal?

FTD ni itsinda ry’indwara z’ubwonko zigoye zibangamira imyitwarire, ururimi, n’imico kuruta kwibuka. Nubwo ibyo kuvurwa bishobora gutera ubwoba, gusobanukirwa iyi ndwara biguha ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo byiza no kubona ubufasha bukwiye.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kubona ubuvuzi bukwiye ni ingenzi mu kubona ubuvuzi bukwiye no gutegura ejo hazaza. Nubwo nta muti uraboneka ubu, ubuvuzi butandukanye bushobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso no kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza igihe kirekire.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko nturi wenyine muri uru rugendo. Amakipe y’ubuzima, amatsinda y’ubufasha, n’abagize umuryango bashobora gutanga ubufasha bukomeye n’ubufasha bwo mu mutwe. Ubushakashatsi burakomeza gutera imbere, butanga ibyiringiro byo kubona ubuvuzi bwiza ndetse no gukira mu gihe kizaza.

Funga amaso ku kubungabunga imibanire, kwitabira ibikorwa bifite akamaro, no kwita ku buzima bwawe muri rusange. Uburambe bwa buri muntu kuri FTD ni bwihariye, kandi abantu benshi bakomeza kubona ibyishimo n’intego nubwo ibibazo iki kibazo gitera.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku bijyanye na dementia ya frontotemporal

Q1: Umuntu ashobora kubaho igihe kingana iki arwaye frontotemporal dementia?

Ukuzamuka kwa FTD gutandukanye cyane ukurikije umuntu ku wundi. Muri rusange, abantu babaho imyaka 7-13 nyuma yo kubona indwara, ariko bamwe bashobora kubaho igihe kirekire cyane mu gihe abandi bashobora kugenda nabi vuba. Ubwoko bwa FTD, ubuzima muri rusange, no kubona ubuvuzi bwiza byose bigira ingaruka ku gihe cyo kubaho. Funga amaso ku mibereho myiza no gukoresha neza igihe ufite.

Q2: Frontotemporal dementia irashobora kwandura?

Hafi 40% by’ababana na FTD bafite ikintu cy’umurage, bisobanura ko iyi ndwara ishobora kuba mu miryango. Niba umubyeyi afite FTD y’umurage, buri mwana afite amahirwe 50% yo kuragwa imisemburo. Ariko, kugira iyo gene ntibihamya ko uzagira FTD, kandi imyinshi iba nta mateka y’umuryango. Inama y’umurage ishobora kugufasha kumva ibyago byawe byihariye.

Q3: Frontotemporal dementia ishobora kwitiranywa n’izindi ndwara?

Yego, FTD ikunze guhinyanyazwa mu ntangiro kuko ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kumera nk’ihungabana, indwara ya bipolar, cyangwa ndetse n’impinduka zisanzwe zo mu myaka y’ubukure. Impinduka mu myitwarire n’imico biranga FTD zishobora kwitiranywa n’indwara zo mu mutwe, mu gihe ibibazo by’ururimi bishobora kuboneka nk’ibibazo bifitanye isano n’umunaniro. Niyo mpamvu isuzuma rihamye rikorwa n’inzobere ari ingenzi cyane.

Q4: Ni iki gitandukanya frontotemporal dementia na Alzheimer?

FTD isanzwe igira ingaruka ku myitwarire, imico, n’ururimi mbere, mu gihe kwibuka bisanzwe bikomeza kubaho mu ntangiro. Indwara ya Alzheimer igira ingaruka ahanini ku kwibuka no kwigira mu bihe bya mbere. FTD ikunda kandi kuza mu myaka mike (40-65) ugereranyije na Alzheimer (akenshi nyuma ya 65). Ibice by’ubwonko byangizwa n’ibibazo by’imikorere y’imbere ya poroteyine na byo bitandukanye hagati y’izi ndwara.

Q5: Hariho imiti yo kugerageza iboneka kuri FTD?

Hariho imiti myinshi igaragara nk’igira icyizere irimo gupimwa mu bushakashatsi, harimo imiti igabanya ubwinshi bwa poroteyine runaka mu bwonko, imiti irwanya kubyimbirwa, n’uburyo bwo kuvura imisemburo. Nubwo iyi miti ikiri mu igeragezwa, kwitabira ubushakashatsi bushobora gutanga uburyo bwo kubona imiti igezweho mu gihe kimwe ugira uruhare mu bushakashatsi bushobora gufasha abarwayi b’ejo hazaza. Ganira na muganga wawe urebe niba hari igeragezwa ririho ryakubereye ibereye.