Ese Kanser ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Ubuvuzi

Kanser ya bibiri byo mu kanwa ni ubwoko bwa kanseri buke cyane butera mu bibiri bikora amacandwe mu kanwa no mu muhogo. Ibi bintu bishobora kuba mu bibiri byose byo mu kanwa, nubwo bikunze kugaragara mu bibiri bya parotid biri imbere y’amatwi.

Nubwo ijambo “kanseri” rishobora gutera impungenge, ni ingenzi kumenya ko kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa ari nke cyane, igize munsi ya 1% bya kanseri zose. Imikemurire myinshi y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa iba idatera kanseri, bisobanura ko atari kanseri. Iyo kanseri ibayeho, kuyimenya hakiri kare no gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho biha abantu benshi amahirwe meza.

Ese Kanser ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa ni iki?

Kanser ya bibiri byo mu kanwa ibaho iyo uturemangingo two mu bibiri byawe dutangira gukura nabi bikaba imikemurire. Umubiri wawe ufite ibice bitatu by’ibibiri by’ingenzi byo mu kanwa hamwe n’ibindi byinshi bito biri mu kanwa no mu muhogo.

Ibibiri by’ingenzi byo mu kanwa birimo ibikomeye bya parotid biri hafi y’amatwi, ibikomeye bya submandibular biri munsi y’umunwa, n’ibikomeye bya sublingual biri munsi y’ururimi. Ibi bibiri bikorana byose bikora litiro 1-2 z’amacandwe buri munsi, bikagufasha kuruma, kwishima, no gusya ibiryo, kandi bikarinda umunwa wawe.

Kanseri nyinshi z’ibibiri byo mu kanwa zikura buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Zishobora kuba zidafite imbaraga nyinshi, bisobanura ko zikura buhoro kandi zidakunda gukwirakwira, cyangwa zifite imbaraga nyinshi, zikura vuba kandi zishobora kuba zikaze.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa?

Ikimenyetso cya mbere gikunze kugaragara ni ikibyimba cyangwa kubyimba mu kanwa, ku masura, ku munwa, cyangwa mu ijosi bidatera ububabare. Icyo kibyimba gishobora kumera nk’ikomeye cyangwa gikomeye, kandi akenshi ntikigenda cyonyine.

Ushobora kubona ibindi bimenyetso uko iyi ndwara ikomeza gutera imbere:

• Ububabare buhoraho ku maso, ku munwa, cyangwa mu ijosi budakira
• Kubabara cyangwa kugira intege nke mu gice cy’isura
• Kugorana gufungura umunwa cyane
• Kugorana kwishima cyangwa kuvuga neza
• Amazi ava mu gutwi
• Isura ihindagurika cyangwa itari kimwe

Ibindi bimenyetso bidafite imbaraga nyinshi bishobora kuba harimo guhinduka mu kunuka, umunwa wumye utakirwa no kunywa amazi menshi, cyangwa indwara zihora zibasira mu kanwa. Ibuka ko byinshi muri ibyo bimenyetso bishobora guterwa n’izindi ndwara zidakomeretsa, bityo kubigira ntibisobanura ko ufite kanseri.

Ni ibihe bwoko bya Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa?

Hariho ubwoko burenze 20 bwa kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa, buri bwoko bufite imico yabwo n’uburyo bwo kubuvura. Ubwoko bwose bukunze kugaragara harimo mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, na acinic cell carcinoma.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma ni ubwoko bwose bukunze kugaragara, bugize hafi 30% bya kanseri zose z’ibibiri byo mu kanwa. Akenshi itera mu bibiri bya parotid kandi ishobora kuba idafite imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa ifite imbaraga nyinshi. Ubwoko budafite imbaraga nyinshi bukura buhoro kandi budakunda gukwirakwira, mu gihe ubwoko bufite imbaraga nyinshi ari bwo bukaza.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma ikunda gukura buhoro ariko ifite ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwira mu nzira z’imitsi. Ubwoko bukunze kuba mu bibiri bito byo mu kanwa kandi rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutera kubabara cyangwa kubabara mu maso. Nubwo bukura buhoro, busaba gukurikiranwa neza kuko bushobora gusubira inyuma nyuma y’imyaka myinshi yo kuvura.

Ubwoko buke burimo polymorphous adenocarcinoma, bukunze kuba mu bibiri bito byo mu kanwa, na salivary duct carcinoma, bukunze kuba bukomeye. Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko bwabyo binyuze mu bipimo by’imiterere y’uturemangingo, ibi bigafasha mu gutegura gahunda y’ubuvuzi.

Ni iki Gitera Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa ntiyumvikana neza, ariko abashakashatsi bamenye ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera iyi ndwara. Bitandukanye na kanseri nyinshi, kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa isa ntiifitanye isano ikomeye n’imibereho nk’uko kunywa itabi cyangwa inzoga.

Kuba warigeze guhura n’imirasire ni kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi bishobora gutera iyi kanseri. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kuvurwa kwa kanseri mu mutwe no mu ijosi hakoreshejwe imirasire, cyangwa guhura n’imirasire ya atomiki. Ariko rero, abantu benshi bafite kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa ntabwo baba barahura n’imirasire myinshi.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’umurage bishobora kugira uruhare. Bamwe bashobora kuzaragwa impinduka mu mimerere y’uturemangingo zibatera guhura n’iyi kanseri. Ikindi kandi, imirimo imwe na imwe yo guhura n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe cyangwa ibikoresho bishobora kongera ibyago, nubwo iyi sano iracyashakishwa.

Imyaka ni ikindi kintu, kuko iyi kanseri ikunda kugaragara uko abantu bakura, cyane cyane nyuma y’imyaka 50. Ariko rero, ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose, harimo no mu bana n’urubyiruko.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga niba ubona ikibyimba cyangwa kubyimba mu kanwa, ku munwa, cyangwa mu ijosi bidakira nyuma y’ibyumweru bibiri. Nubwo imikemurire myinshi atari kanseri, ni ingenzi kuyisuzuma vuba.

Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ufite kubabara, intege nke, cyangwa isura ihindagurika, kuko ibyo bimenyetso bisaba isuzuma ryihuse. Kimwe n’ibyo, niba ugira ikibazo cyo gufungura umunwa, ububabare buhoraho budakira, cyangwa kugorana kwishima, ibyo bisaba kujya kwa muganga.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ubona impinduka mu bushobozi bwawe bwo kuvuga neza cyangwa niba ugira indwara zihora zibasira mu kanwa zidakira n’ubuvuzi busanzwe. Isuzuma rya vuba rikugira amahirwe meza yo kuvurwa neza niba hari kanseri.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa?

Kumenya ibintu bishobora gutera iyi kanseri bishobora kugufasha kuba maso, nubwo ufite ibyo bintu ntibisobanura ko uzahura n’iyi kanseri. Abantu benshi bafite ibyo bintu ntibahura na kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa.

Ibintu by’ingenzi bishobora gutera iyi kanseri birimo:

• Imyaka irengeje 50, nubwo ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose
• Kuvurwa kwa kanseri mu mutwe no mu ijosi hakoreshejwe imirasire
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe z’umurage cyangwa amateka y’umuryango
• Igitsina gabo kuri zimwe mu bwoko bwa kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa
• Imwe mu mirimo yo guhura na kawutcho, asbesto, cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu mabati
• Ubwandu bwa Epstein-Barr virus mu bihe bidafite imbaraga nyinshi

Bitandukanye na kanseri nyinshi, kunywa itabi no kunywa inzoga bisa ntibyongera ibyago byo guhura na kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa. Ibi bisobanura ko n’abantu batarigeze kunywa itabi cyangwa inzoga bashobora guhura n’iyi kanseri.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa na Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa?

Nubwo kanseri nyinshi z’ibibiri byo mu kanwa zishobora kuvurwa, hari ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bishobora kubaho bitewe n’ubunini bw’ikibyimba, aho kiri, n’uburyo bwo kubuvura. Kumenya ibyo bishobora kubaho bishobora kugufasha gukorana n’itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga kugira ngo ubikumire cyangwa ubigenzure.

Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara birimo:

• Kubabara imitsi y’isura bigatera intege nke mu maso igihe gito cyangwa igihe kirekire
• Kugorana kurya, kuvuga, cyangwa kwishima
• Umunwa wumye uhoraho ugabanya ubuzima
• Kwihura kwa kanseri mu mitsi ya lymph cyangwa mu zindi ngingo
• Gusubira inyuma kwa kanseri nyuma yo kuvurwa
• Impinduka mu isura ziterwa n’ubugingo cyangwa imirasire

Ibindi bibazo bikomeye bishobora kuba harimo kugorana guhumeka niba ikibyimba kigira ingaruka ku nzira y’umwuka, cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye by’imirire niba kurya bigoye cyane. Ariko rero, uburyo bwo kubaga bugezweho n’ubuvuzi bwo gufasha byagabanije ibyago by’ibibazo bikomeye.

Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizakukurikirana hafi kandi rikugezeho ubuvuzi kugira ngo bigabanye ibyo byago. Ibibazo byinshi bishobora gufatwa neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ubuvuzi bwo gusubira mu buzima busanzwe.

Ese Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa imenyekana ite?

Kumenya kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa bisanzwe bitangira hakoreshejwe isuzuma ry’umubiri aho muganga yumva imikemurire cyangwa kubyimba mu kanwa, ku munwa, no mu ijosi. Azakubaza ibibazo ku bimenyetso byawe n’amateka yawe y’ubuzima kugira ngo yumve neza uko uhagaze.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini byo kubona ishusho y’ibiri kuba. CT scan cyangwa MRI ishobora kwerekana ubunini n’aho ikibyimba kiri, mu gihe ultrasound ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma imikemurire iri mu ijosi. Ibyo bizamini bifasha kumenya niba ikura ry’ikibyimba rihangayikishije no gutegura intambwe zikurikira.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa ni ukubona urugero rw’uturemangingo cyangwa biopsy. Ibi bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe igikoresho gito cyo gukururamo urugero rw’uturemangingo, aho igikoresho gito cyo gukururamo urugero rw’uturemangingo, cyangwa hakoreshejwe ubugingo aho igice gito cy’umubiri gikurwaho.

Iyo kanseri yemewe, ibindi bizamini bifasha kumenya icyiciro n’ubwoko bwabyo. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo PET scans kugira ngo barebe niba byakwirakwijwe mu zindi ngingo z’umubiri, cyangwa ibizamini byihariye ku rugero rw’uturemangingo kugira ngo bamenye ubwoko bwa kanseri.

Ni iki kivura Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa?

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa bushingiye ku bintu byinshi birimo ubwoko bwa kanseri, icyiciro cyayo, aho kiri, n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Kubaga ni bwo buvuzi bukomeye, cyane cyane kuri kanseri ziri mu cyiciro cya mbere.

Ku mikemurire iri mu bibiri bya parotid, kubaga bishobora kuba harimo gukuraho igice cyangwa bibiri byose mugihe uburinzi bw’imitsi y’isura buhagaze neza. Imikemurire iri mu bibiri bya submandibular isaba gukuraho bibiri byose. Umuganga wawe azakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo abungabunge imikorere mugihe akuraho kanseri yose.

Ubuvuzi bw’imirasire bukunze kugirwa inama nyuma yo kubaga kugira ngo rimaze ibindi biremangingo bya kanseri. Ubu buvuzi bukoresha imirasire ikomeye igana ku kibyimba. Uburyo bugezweho nk’ubuvuzi bw’imirasire bugezweho bushobora kugera ku kanseri neza mugihe bigabanya ibyago byo kwangiza imyanya myiza.

Ubuvuzi bwa chimiothérapie bushobora gukoreshwa kuri kanseri zikomeye cyangwa izakwirakwijwe mu zindi ngingo z’umubiri. Ubuvuzi bushya buracyashakishwa kandi bushobora kuba amahitamo kuri zimwe mu bwoko bwa kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa.

Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizakugirira gahunda yihariye ishingiye ku mimerere yawe. Bazasobanura buri buryo bwo kuvura, inyungu zabyo, n’ingaruka zishobora kubaho kugira ngo ubashe gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buvuzi bwawe.

Uko wakwita ku buzima bwawe mu gihe ufite Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa

Kwita ku bimenyetso byawe n’ingaruka mbi ni igice cy’ingenzi cy’ubuvuzi bwawe muri rusange. Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizakugira inama yihariye ishingiye ku buvuzi bwawe n’ibyo ukeneye.

Niba ufite umunwa wumye, ibintu bisanzwe bibaho nyuma yo kuvurwa, gerageza kunywa amazi kenshi umunsi wose kandi ukoreshe amazi yo kumesa umunwa adafite inzoga. Imyenda idafite isukari cyangwa amavuta ashobora gufasha kongera umusaruro w’amacandwe. Ibikoresho byo gutera ubushyuhe mu cyumba bishobora kandi kukworohereza, cyane cyane nijoro.

Ku bibazo byo kurya, ibiryo byoroshye n’ibinyobwa bishobora korohereza. Ibinyobwa byoroshye, amasupu, n’ibiryo byasheshwe bishobora gutanga imirire mugihe bidakomeretsa umunwa na muhogo. Inzobere mu mirire ishobora kugufasha kubona imirire ikwiye mugihe cy’ubuvuzi.

Kuvura ububabare bishobora kuba harimo imiti igabanya ububabare iboneka mu maduka, hamwe n’ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje buke bushushanyije ku maso. Kurikiza amabwiriza y’umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n’imiti igabanya ububabare ikukwiriye.

Komeza umunwa wawe usa neza ukoresheje ubwoya buke bwo gukuraho umwanda no kumesa nk’uko itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga ribitegetse. Ibi bifasha kwirinda indwara no gutuma ibikomere bikira, cyane cyane niba uhabwa imirasire.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitunganya kujya kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe n’itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga. Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse uko igihe gihita.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose ufata, harimo imiti iboneka mu maduka, ibinyobwa, n’ibimera. Kandi tegura urutonde rw’amateka yawe y’ubuzima, harimo kanseri zose warigeze kugira, imirasire yavuwe, cyangwa indwara zikomeye.

Tegura kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ishobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru no kugufasha. Ibiganiro ku kanseri bishobora gutera ubwoba, kandi kugira umuntu uri aho bishobora kugufasha gutunganya ibyo wumva.

Tegura ibibazo ushaka kubaza muganga wawe. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo ibibazo ku bijyanye n’uburwayi bwawe, uburyo bwo kuvura, ingaruka mbi, n’uburyo ubuzima buzagenda. Ntugatinye gusaba ko basobanura niba hari ikintu kidakuyoboye.

Zana ibisubizo by’ibizamini byose cyangwa amashusho y’ibizamini wakorewe n’abandi baganga. Ibi bifasha muganga wawe kubona ishusho yuzuye y’uburwayi bwawe no kwirinda gusubiramo ibizamini bidakenewe.

Icyingenzi cyo kumenya kuri Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa

Kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa ni indwara nke ariko ishobora kuvurwa igira ingaruka ku bibiri bikora amacandwe mu kanwa no mu muhogo. Nubwo kubona uburwayi bwa kanseri ari ubwoba, abantu benshi bafite kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, bwiza nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Icyingenzi cyo kugira ibyiza ni ukumenya iyi ndwara hakiri kare no kuvurwa n’itsinda ry’abaganga bafite ubunararibonye. Kanseri nyinshi z’ibibiri byo mu kanwa zikura buhoro, biguha wowe n’abaganga bawe umwanya wo gutegura gahunda y’ubuvuzi ikwiriye ku mimerere yawe.

Ibuka ko nturi wenyine muri uru rugendo. Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga, harimo abaganga b’indwara za kanseri, abaganga babaga, n’abakozi bashinzwe gufasha, bari aho kugufasha muri buri ntambwe yo kumenya uburwayi no kuvura. Ntugatinye kubaza ibibazo, kwerekana impungenge, cyangwa gushaka ubufasha bwo mu mutwe igihe ubikeneye.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa kuri Kanseri ya Bibiri byo mu Kanwa

Q1: Ese Kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa irakomoka mu muryango?

Kanseri nyinshi z’ibibiri byo mu kanwa ntizikomoka mu muryango, bisobanura ko zidakwirakwira mu miryango. Ariko rero, zimwe mu ndwara z’umurage nke zishobora kongera ibyago gato. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango wa kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa cyangwa izindi kanseri zo mu mutwe no mu ijosi, biganiro na muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma ibyago byawe.

Q2: Ese Kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa ishobora kwirindwa?

Nta buryo bwo kwirinda kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa kuko impamvu nyamukuru ntizumvikana neza. Ariko rero, kwirinda guhura n’imirasire idakenewe no kwirinda ibyago byo mu kazi bishobora kugabanya ibyago. Gusuzuma amenyo buri gihe bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo hakiri kare.

Q3: Ni iki kigero cy’abantu bapfa bazize Kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa?

Ibyago byo gupfa bitandukanye cyane bitewe n’ubwoko bwa kanseri, icyiciro cyayo igihe yamenyekanye, n’aho iri. Muri rusange, abantu benshi bafite kanseri y’ibibiri byo mu kanwa bagira ibyiza, cyane cyane iyo yamenyekanye hakiri kare. Kanseri zidafite imbaraga nyinshi zikunze kugira ibyiza kurusha izifite imbaraga nyinshi. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga amakuru arambuye ashingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Q4: Nshobora kurya nk’ibisanzwe nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Abantu benshi basubira kurya nk’ibisanzwe nyuma yo kuvurwa, nubwo ibi bishingiye ku rugero rw’ubugingo n’ibindi bivurwa wakiriye. Bamwe bashobora guhindura imirire yabo by’agateganyo cyangwa burundu. Abaganga bavura ibibazo byo kuvuga no kwishima bashobora kugufasha guhindura imirire yawe no kubona imirire ikwiye mu gihe cyo gukira.

Q5: Ni kangahe nzagomba kujya mu bugenzuzi nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Kwitabwaho nyuma yo kuvurwa ni ingenzi mu gukurikirana uko ukura n’ibimenyetso byo gusubira inyuma kwa kanseri. Mu ntangiriro, ushobora kubona muganga wawe buri mezi make, ibyo bisura bikagenda bigabanuka uko igihe gihita. Itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga rizakugirira gahunda y’ubugenzuzi ishingiye ku bwoko bwa kanseri yawe n’ubuvuzi.