Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B waa cudur halis ah oo ku dhaca beerka, kaas oo keena fayraska Hepatitis B (HBV). Dadka badankood, Hepatitis B waa mid muddo gaaban ah, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'acute'. Hepatitis B ee 'acute' waxay socotaa wax ka yar lix bilood. Laakiin dadka kale, infekshanku wuxuu soconayaa in ka badan lix bilood waxaana loo yaqaanaa 'chronic'. Hepatitis B ee 'chronic' waxay kordhisaa halista fashilka beerka, kansarka beerka iyo nabarrada daran ee beerka oo loo yaqaan cirrhosis.

Dadka waaweyn ee qaba Hepatitis B badankood waxay si buuxda u bogsadaan, xitaa haddii calaamadahoodu aad u daran yihiin. Dhallaanka iyo carruurta waxay u badan tahay inay ku dhacaan fayraska Hepatitis B ee 'chronic', muddo dheer soconaya.

Talal ayaa ka hortagi kara infekshinka fayraska Hepatitis B. Kuwa ku dhaca, daawayntu waxay ku xiran tahay haddii infekshanku yahay 'acute' ama 'chronic'. Qaar baa u baahan dawo. Kuwo kale oo leh dhaawac beerka oo daran oo ka yimid infekshan 'chronic' waxay u baahan yihiin tallaal beerka. Haddii aad qabto, qaadashada tallaabooyin ammaan ah ayaa kaa caawin karta in aad ka hortagto faafinta fayraska dadka kale.

Calaamadaha hepatiiska B ee daran waxay u dhexeeyaan kuwa fudud ilaa kuwa daran. Calaamaduhu badanaa waxay bilaabmaan qiyaastii 1 ilaa 4 bilood ka dib markaad ku dhacdo HBV. Laakiin waxaad dareemi kartaa laba toddobaad gudahood ka dib markaad ku dhacdo. Qaar ka mid ah dadka qaba hepatiiska B ee daran ama dheer waxay yeelan karaan wax calaamad ah, gaar ahaan carruurta yaryar. Calaamadaha hepatiiska B waxaa ka mid noqon kara: Xanuunka meel caloosha ah, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan caloosha. Kaadida madow. Qandho. Xanuunka isku-xidhka. Luqadda rabitaanka cuntada. Calool xanuun iyo matag. Daciifnimo iyo daal daran. Jaaw, kaas oo ah jaale u noqoshada cadadka indhaha iyo maqaarka. Iyada oo ku xiran midabka maqaarka, isbeddelkani wuxuu noqon karaa mid adag ama fudud in la arko. Haddii aad ogtahay inaad la kulantay fayraska hepatiiska B, isla markiiba wac xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga. Daaweyn ka hortag ah ayaa yareyn karta halista cudurka haddii aad hesho daaweynta 24 saacadood gudahood ka dib markaad la kulanto fayraska. Haddii aad u malaynayso inaad qabto calaamadaha hepatiiska B, wac xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga.

Haddii aad ogaato inaad la kulantay fayraska Hepatitis B, isla markiiba wac xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga. Daaweyn ka hortag ah ayaa yareyn karta halistaada cudurka haddii aad hesho daaweynta 24 saacadood gudahood ka dib markaad la kulanto fayraska. Haddii aad u malaynayso inaad qabto astaamaha Hepatitis B, wac xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga.

Hepatitis B waxaa keena fayraska hepatitis B (HBV). Fayrasku wuxuu qofka uga gudbaa qofka kale dhiig, shahwada ama dareeraha jirka kale. Ma uu faafin karo hindhis ama qufac.

Sidaha caadiga ah ee HBV ku faafin karo waa:

• Xidhiidh galmo. Waxaad qaadi kartaa hepatitis B haddii aad galmo la yeelato qof qaba cudurka adiguna aanad isticmaalin kondhom. Fayrasku wuxuu kuu gudbi karaa haddii dhiigga, candhuufta, shahwada ama dareeraha xubinta taranka ee qofka uu galo jirkaaga.
• Isticmaalka irbado isku mid ah. HBV si fudud ayuu ugu faafaa irbado iyo shubbo ay ku jirto dhiig la wasakheeyey. Isticmaalka qalabka lagu isticmaalo daroogada sharci darrada ah waxay kugu keentaa halis sare oo ah hepatitis B.
• Dhibaatooyinka irbado. Hepatitis B waa walaac u ah shaqaalaha caafimaadka iyo cid kasta oo la xiriirta dhiigga aadanaha.
• Haweeney uur leh ilaa dhallaan. Dadka uurka leh ee qaba HBV waxay u gudbin karaan fayraska caruurtooda inta lagu jiro dhalmada. Laakiin dhallaanka waxaa lagu tallaali karaa si looga hortago inuu ku dhaco ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan xaaladaha. La hadal xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga oo ku saabsan baaritaanka hepatitis B haddii aad uur leedahay ama aad rabto inaad uur yeelato.

Infecshanka HBV wuxuu noqon karaa mid gaaban, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'acute'. Ama waxay qaadan kartaa waqti dheer, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'chronic'.

• Infecshanka HBV ee 'acute' wuxuu qaataa wax ka yar lix bilood. Nidaamka difaaca jirkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ka nadiifiyo jirkaaga fayraska hepatitis B. Waxaad si buuxda u soo kabsan doontaa dhawr bilood gudahood. Dadka intooda badan ee qaba infekshinka HBV marka ay waaweyn yihiin waxay qabaan infekshinka 'acute'. Laakiin kuwani waxay keeni karaan infekshinka 'chronic'.
• Infecshanka HBV ee 'chronic' wuxuu qaataa lix bilood ama ka badan. Wuxuu sii socdaa sababtoo ah nidaamka difaaca jirka ma uu dagaalami karo infekshinka. Infecshanka fayraska hepatitis B ee 'chronic' wuxuu socon karaa nolosha oo dhan. Wuxuu keeni karaa cudurro halis ah sida cirrhosis iyo kansarka beerka. Dadka qaar ee qaba hepatitis B ee 'chronic' waxay yeelan karaan calaamado la'aan. Qaar kalena waxay yeelan karaan daal joogto ah iyo calaamado fudud oo ah hepatitis 'acute'.

Da'da aad ka yar tahay marka aad qabato hepatitis B, ayaa halista sare ee xaaladdu u noqonaysaa 'chronic'. Taasi waxay gaar ahaan run u tahay dhallaanka ama carruurta ka yar 5 sano. Hepatitis B ee 'chronic' laga yaabaa in aan la ogaanin tobanaan sano ilaa qofku aad u xanuunsado cudurka beerka.

Fayraska Hepatitis B wuxuu ku faafaa xiriirka dhiiga, shahwada ama dareeraha jirka kale ee qof qaba cudurka. Halistaada cudurka HBV waxay kordhaysaa haddii aad:

• Wadato galmo aan lahayn kondhom oo aad la yeelato dhowr lammaane galmo ama qof qaba HBV.
• Isticmaasho irbado isku mid ah inta lagu jiro isticmaalka daroogada lagu duro xididdada.
• Aad tahay nin dhalasho ahaan ah oo aad la yeelato galmo ragga.
• Aad la noolaato qof qaba cudurka HBV ee daba dheeraada.
• Aad tahay ilmo dhashay hooyo qaba cudurka.
• Aad haysato shaqo kuu soo bandhigta dhiiga aadanaha.
• Aad qabto Hepatitis C ama HIV.
• Aad hesho daaweyn dialaysis.
• Aad xabsi ku jirto ama ku jirtay.
• Aad u baahan tahay inaad qaadatid dawo karti u leh in ay daciifiso nidaamka difaaca jirka, sida kiimoterabi.
• Aad u safarto gobollo heerka faafitaanka HBV uu sareeyo, sida Aasiya, Jasiiradaha Pacific, Afrika iyo Bariga Yurub.

Infecshanka HBV ee daba dheeraada waxa uu keeni karaa xaalado caafimaad oo daran oo loo yaqaan dhibaatooyin. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

Dillaaca beerka, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan cirrhosis. Barar loo yaqaan barar ayaa lala xiriiriyaa hepatitis B. Bararku wuxuu keeni karaa cirrhosis taas oo laga yaabo inay joojiso beerka inuu shaqeeyo sidii uu u shaqayn lahaa. kansarka beerka. Dadka qaba hepatitis B ee daba dheeraada waxay halis ugu jiraan kansarka beerka. Dhibaatada beerka. Dhibaatada beerka ee daran waa xaalad ay ku dhacdo hawlaha muhiimka ah ee beerku joojiyaan. Marka taas dhacdo, waxaa loo baahan yahay tallaal beer si loo sii noolaado.

Kor u kac degdeg ah heerka fayraska hepatitis B. Dadka qaba hepatitis B ee daba dheeraada, heerarka fayrasku waa hooseeyaan ama weli lama helin imtixaanadii. Haddii fayrasku bilaabo inuu si dhakhso ah u sameeyo nuqullo isaga, imtixaanada waxay ogaan karaan kor u kacaan ama helaan fayraska. Tani waxaa loo yaqaan dib u kicinta fayraska. Waxay keeni kartaa dhaawaca beerka ama xitaa dhibaatada beerka. Dib u kicinta waxay u janjeertaa inay saameyso dadka leh nidaamka difaaca oo daciif ah, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan nidaamka difaaca oo la dhimay. Tani waxaa ka mid ah dadka isticmaala daawooyinka yareeya nidaamka difaaca jirka, sida corticosteroids heer sare ah ama chemotherapy. Kahor intaadan qaadan daawooyinkan, waa inaad tijaabisaa hepatitis B. Haddii tijaabinta ay muujiso inaad qabto hepatitis B, la tasho takhtar beer oo loo yaqaan hepatologist kahor intaadan bilaabin daawooyinkan.

Xaaladaha kale. Dadka qaba hepatitis B ee daba dheeraada waxay u horseedi karaan cudurka kelyaha ama bararka xididdada dhiiga.

Tallaalka Hepatitis B waa habka ugu muhiimsan ee looga hortago fayraska HBV. Tallaalka waxaa la siiyaa laba tallaal oo bisha u dhaxaysa, ama saddex ama afar tallaal oo lix bilood gudahood ah. Tirada tallaalada aad qaadato waxay ku xiran tahay nooca tallaalka Hepatitis B ee aad qaadatay. Kama qaadi kartid Hepatitis B tallaalka.

Maraykanka, Guddiga La-talinta ee Dhaqamada Difaaca waxay ku talinaysaa in dhallaanka ay helaan tallaalkooda ugu horreeya ka dib markay dhashaan. Haddii aadan tallaalin helin markaad yarayd ama caruur ahayd, guddigu wali wuxuu ku talinayaa tallaalka qof kasta oo da'diisu tahay ilaa 59. Haddii da'daadu tahay 60 ama ka weyn oo aadan tallaalin qaadan, qaado tallaalka haddii aad halis ugu jirto inaad la kulanto fayraska Hepatitis B. Dadka da'doodu tahay 60 iyo wixii ka weyn oo aan tallaalin qaadan oo aan halis sare ku jirin sidoo kale waxay dooran karaan inay qaataan tallaalka.

Tallaalka Hepatitis B si xooggan ayaa loogu talinayaa:

• Dhallaanka.
• Carruurta iyo dhalinyarada aan lagu tallaalin dhalashada.
• Kuwa ka shaqeeya ama ku nool xarumaha dadka naafada maskaxda ah leh.
• Dadka la nool qof qaba Hepatitis B.
• Shaqaalaha daryeelka caafimaadka, shaqaalaha gurmadka iyo dadka kale ee la xiriira dhiigga.
• Qof kasta oo qaba cudur galmo, oo ay ku jiraan HIV.
• Dadka dhashay rag ah oo galmo la leh ragga.
• Dadka leh lammaane galmo badan.
• Lammaanaha galmada qof qaba Hepatitis B.
• Dadka isticmaala daroogada wadada ama wadaaga irbado iyo shubbo.
• Dadka qaba cudurka beerka ee daba dheeraada.
• Dadka qaba cudurka kelyaha ee heerka ugu dambeeya.
• Safarayaasha qorsheynaya inay tagaan meel adduunka ah oo heerka fayraska HBV uu aad u sarreeyo.

Habab kale oo aad ku yareyn karto halista cudurka fayraska Hepatitis B waxaa ka mid ah:

• Ogow xaaladda HBV ee lammaanaha galmada. Ha sameyn galmo aan kondhom lahayn illaa aad ogaato in lammaanahaagu uusan qabin Hepatitis B ama cudur galmo kale.
• Isticmaal kondhom cusub oo laatik ah ama polyurethane ah mar kasta oo aad galmo sameyso haddii aadan ogeyn xaaladda caafimaad ee lammaanahaaga. Kondhomku waxay yareyn karaan halista aad u qabato HBV, laakiin ma tirtiraan halista oo dhan.
• Ha isticmaalin daroogada wadada. Haddii aad isticmaasho daroogo, hel caawimo si aad u joojiso. Haddii aadan joojin karin, isticmaal irbad nadiif ah mar kasta oo aad isticmaasho daroogo. Ha waligaa wadaagin irbado.
• Ka taxadar godka jirka iyo tattooing. Haddii aad rabto inaad hesho god ama tattoo, raadi dukaan sumcad leh. Weydii sida qalabka loo nadiifiyo. Hubi in shaqaaluhu ay isticmaalaan irbado nadiif ah. Haddii aadan heli karin jawaabo, raadi dukaan kale.
• Weydii tallaalka Hepatitis B ka hor intaadan safrin. Haddii aad u safreyso gobol halkaas oo Hepatitis B ay caan ku tahay, weydii xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga oo ku saabsan tallaalka Hepatitis B kahor. Caadi ahaan waxaa la siiyaa taxane saddex tallaal oo lix bilood gudahood ah.

Baaritaanka cudurka waxa uu ku lug leeyahay tillaabooyinka xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaagu qaado si uu u ogaado haddii aad qabto cudurka beerka B. Xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaagu wuxuu kuu sameeyaa baaritaan jireed oo uu ku eegaa calaamadaha dhaawaca beerka. Calaamadahan waxaa ka mid noqon kara maqaar jaale ah iyo xanuun calool. Imtixaanada ka caawin kara ogaanshaha cudurka beerka B ama dhibaatooyinkiisa waxaa ka mid ah: Tijaabooyinka dhiiga. Tijaabooyinka dhiiga waxay ogaan karaan fayraska beerka B ee jirkaaga ku jira. Waxay sidoo kale u sheegi karaan xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga haddii infekshanku yahay mid daran ama mid daba dheeraada. Tijaabo dhiig oo fudud ayaa sidoo kale ogaan karta haddii aad ka difaacantahay xaaladda. Sawir-qaadista beerka. Sawir-qaadista gaarka ah oo loo yaqaan 'transient elastography' ayaa muujin karta xaddiga dhaawaca beerka. Baaritaanka beerka. Xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaagu wuxuu ka saari karaa muunad yar oo beerkaaga ah si loo baaro si loo eego dhaawaca beerka. Tani waxaa loo yaqaan baaritaanka beerka. Inta lagu jiro imtixaankan, xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaagu wuxuu ku daraa irbad khafiif ah maqaarkaaga iyo beerkaaga. Irbaddu waxay ka saartaa muunad unug si loo baaro. Shaashadeynta dadka caafimaadka qaba ee cudurka beerka B Xirfadlayaasha daryeelka caafimaadku mararka qaarkood waxay tijaabiyaan dad caafimaad qaba oo gaar ah cudurka beerka B. Tani waxaa loo yaqaan shaashadaynta. Shaashadaynta waxaa la sameeyaa sababtoo ah HBV waxay dhaawici kartaa beerka ka hor inta aan infekshanku sababin calaamado. La hadal xirfadlaha daryeelka caafimaadkaaga oo ku saabsan shaashadaynta cudurka beerka B haddii aad: uur leedahay. La noolaato qof qaba cudurka beerka B. Lahaato lammaane galmo oo badan. Galmo la sameeyay qof qaba cudurka beerka B. Dhalatay rag ah oo galmo la leh rag. Taariikh u leedahay infekshan galmo lagu kala qaado. Qabto HIV ama cudurka beerka C. Tijaabo beerka leh natiijo aan caadi ahayn oo aan la sharxi karin. Helaysa daawo kelyaha. Qaadanaysa daawooyin xakameynaya nidaamka difaaca jirka, sida kuwa loo isticmaalo in laguga hortago diidmada ka dib marka la bedelayo xubinta jirka. Isticmaalaya daroogooyinka waddada lagu duro. Ku jirta xabsi. Ku dhalatay dal ay ku badan tahay cudurka beerka B, oo ay ka mid yihiin Aasiya, Jasiiradaha Baasifigga, Afrika iyo Bariga Yurub. Waalid ama caruur la korsaday oo ka yimid meelaha ay ku badan tahay cudurka beerka B, oo ay ka mid yihiin Aasiya, Jasiiradaha Baasifigga, Afrika iyo Bariga Yurub. Macluumaad dheeraad ah Baaritaanka beerka Tijaabooyinka shaqada beerka

Preventing and Treating Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that can harm your liver. If you think you've been exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), contact a healthcare provider immediately. It's important to talk to your doctor about whether you've had the hepatitis B vaccine. They will need to know when you were exposed and the type of exposure.

Preventing HBV Infection After Exposure:

A medicine called hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) can help prevent you from getting sick with HBV. You need to get this shot within 24 hours of exposure. This medicine provides short-term protection, so getting the hepatitis B vaccine at the same time is also crucial if you haven't already been vaccinated.

Treating Acute HBV Infection:

Most cases of acute (short-term) HBV infection clear up on their own. Your healthcare provider might recommend rest, a healthy diet, plenty of fluids, and close monitoring as your body fights the infection. If your symptoms are severe, you might need antiviral medications or hospitalization to prevent complications.

Treating Chronic HBV Infection:

Many people with chronic (long-term) HBV infection need treatment for the rest of their lives. Whether you need treatment depends on several factors, including:

• Liver damage: Is the virus causing inflammation or scarring (cirrhosis) of your liver?
• Other infections: Do you have other infections, such as hepatitis C or HIV?
• Weakened immune system: Is your immune system weakened by medication or illness?

Treatment for chronic HBV helps reduce the risk of liver disease and stops you from spreading the infection to others.

Treatment Options for Chronic HBV:

Treatment often involves:

• Antiviral medications: These drugs can help fight the virus and slow its damage to your liver. Common examples include entecavir (Baraclude), tenofovir (Viread), lamivudine (Epivir), and adefovir (Hepsera). You usually take these medications by mouth, possibly for a long time. Sometimes, a doctor might combine two antiviral medications, or they might combine one with interferon.
• Interferon shots: Interferon is a man-made version of a substance your body produces to fight infection. Peginterferon alfa-2a (Pegasys) is an example. This type of treatment is often used for a shorter period than oral antiviral medications but has more side effects, such as upset stomach, vomiting, trouble breathing, and depression. It's particularly considered for younger people who don't need long-term treatment, or for women who might want to get pregnant in the near future. Women should use birth control during interferon treatment, and it's not recommended during pregnancy. People with cirrhosis or acute liver failure should not receive interferon.
• Liver transplant: If your liver is badly damaged, a liver transplant might be an option. In this procedure, a damaged liver is replaced with a healthy one, usually from a deceased donor, but sometimes from a living donor.

Ongoing Research:

Researchers are constantly developing new medications to treat HBV.

Important Note: This information is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of any medical condition.

Haddii aad qabto Hepatatis B, talooyinkan soo socda waxay kaa caawin karaan inaad la qabsato:

• Baro ku saabsan Hepatatis B. Xarumaha Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada waa meel wanaagsan oo aad ka bilaabi karto.
• La xiriir asxaabtaada iyo qoyskaaga. Kuma faafi kartid Hepatatis B iyada oo loo marayo xiriir aan rasmi ahayn, sidaa darteed ha iska gooyn dadka ku taageeri kara.
• Is daryeel. Cunto caafimaad leh oo ka buuxda miro iyo khudaar, jimicsi joogto ah, iyo hurdo ku filan.
• Iska ilaali beerkaaga. Ha cabbin aalkolo ama daawooyin cusub qaadan haddii aanad marka hore la hadlin xirfadle caafimaad.
• Iska baar Hepatatis A iyo C.
• Iska tallaal Hepatatis A haddii aadan la kulmin.