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Neuroma Ya-Acoustic

Uhlolojikelele

I-acoustic neuroma yi-tumor engathuthuki elikhula esimithweni esikhulu esivela endlebeni yangaphakathi siye ebuchosheni. Lo mthwemi ubizwa ngokuthi yi-vestibular nerve. Amasebe omthwemi athinta ngokuqondile ukulinganisela nokuzwa. Ukuqina okuvela kwi-acoustic neuroma kungabangela ukulahleka kokuzwa, ukukhala ezindlebeni nezingqinamba zokulinganisela. Elinye igama le-acoustic neuroma yi-vestibular schwannoma. I-acoustic neuroma ikhula emachibini e-Schwann ahlanganisa i-vestibular nerve. I-acoustic neuroma ivame ukukhula kancane. Ngokungavamile, ingakhula ngokushesha futhi ibe khulu ngokwanele ukucindezela ubuchopho futhi ithonye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Ukwelashwa kwe-acoustic neuroma kuhlanganisa ukuqapha, ukukhishwa kweradieysheni nokususwa ngokusebenza.

Izimpawu

Njengoba isibopho sikhulayo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuba sibangele izimpawu ezibonakalayo noma ezimbi kakhulu. Izimpawu ezivamile ze-acoustic neuroma zihlanganisa:

  • Ukwehluleka kokuzwa, ngokuvamile kancane kancane ezinyangeni eminyakeni. Kwezinye izikhathi ezingavamile, ukulahleka kokuzwa kungaba okungazelelwe. Ukulahleka kokuzwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngakwesinye ihlangothi noma kubi kakhulu ngakwesinye ihlangothi.
  • Ukubhonga endlebeni ethintekile, okuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-tinnitus.
  • Ukulahleka kokulinganisela noma ukungazizwa ukhulu.
  • Ukukhungatheka.
  • Ukuqina kobuso futhi, ngokungavamile kakhulu, ubuthakathaka noma ukulahleka kokunyakaza kwemisipha. Bona ochwepheshe bezempilo uma uqaphela ukulahleka kokuzwa endlebeni eyodwa, ukubhonga endlebeni yakho noma izinkinga zokulinganisela. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni kwe-acoustic neuroma kungasiza ekuvimbeni isibopho ekukhuleni ngokwanele ukubangela izinkinga ezinjengokuhluleka kokuzwa okuphelele. Bhalisa mahhala bese uthola olunye ulwazi mayelana nokuphathwa kwesigxobo sobuchopho, ukuxilongwa nokuhlinzwa.
Izimbangela

Imbangela ye-acoustic neuromas ngezinye izikhathi ingahlotshaniswa nenkinga ene-gene ekhromosome 22. Ngokuvamile, le gene ikhiqiza i-protein ecindezela i-tumor esiza ukulawula ukukhula kwama-Schwann cells ahlanganisa izicubu. Ochwepheshe abazi ukuthi yini ebangela le nkinga ene-gene. Ngokuvamile ayikho imbangela eaziwayo ye-acoustic neuroma. Lushintsho lwe-gene luzuzwe kubantu abane-disorder engaqondakali okuthiwa yi-neurofibromatosis uhlobo 2. Abantu abane-neurofibromatosis uhlobo 2 ngokuvamile baba nokwanda kwe-tumors ezicubwini zokuzwa nokuqondisa ekhanda ngezinhlangothi zombili. Lezi tumors ziyaziwa ngokuthi yi-bilateral vestibular schwannomas.

Izici eziyingozi

Ekuguleni okubangelwa yi-autosomal dominant, i-gene eshintshile iyi-gene ebusayo. Itholakala kwenye ye-chromosomes ezingelona ubulili, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-autosomes. I-gene eyodwa eshintshile kuphela edingekayo ukuze umuntu athinteke yilolu hlobo lwesimo. Umuntu onesimo se-autosomal dominant—kulesi sibonelo, ubaba—unesilinganiso sama-50% sokuthola ingane ethintekile ene-gene eyodwa eshintshile kanye nesilinganiso sama-50% sokuthola ingane engathintekile.

Isici esiyedwa esiqinisekisiwe sokungena engozini kwe-acoustic neuromas ukuba nomzali onalesi sifo esingavamile se-genetic esibizwa nge-neurofibromatosis type 2. Noma kunjalo, i-neurofibromatosis type 2 ibalelwa kuphela cishe ku-5% yezimo ze-acoustic neuroma.

Fani ephawulekayo ye-neurofibromatosis type 2 yi-tumors ezingahlukumezi ezinamathambo okuqondisa ekhanda kokubili. I-tumors nayo ingase ithuthukiswe kwamanye amathambo.

I-Neurofibromatosis type 2 iyaziwa njengokugula kwe-autosomal dominant. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-gene ehlobene nesifo ingadluliselwa engwaneni ngomzali oyedwa kuphela. Ingane ngayinye yomzali othintekile inesilinganiso sama-50-50 sokuyizuza.

Izingqinamba

I-acoustic neuroma lingabangela ukukhubazeka okungapheli, okuhlanganisa:

  • Ukuba khona kokulahleka kokuzwa.
  • Ukungathí sina kobuso nobuthakathaka.
  • Izinkinga zokulinganisela.
  • Ukukhala ezindlebeni.
Ukuxilongwa

Ukuhlolwa okuhlelekile komzimba, okuhlanganisa nokukheka kwezindlebe, kuvame ukuba yisinyathelo sokuqala ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni i-acoustic neuroma.

I-acoustic neuroma ivame ukuba nzima ukuyixilonga emazingeni okuqala ngoba izimpawu zingase zibe lula ukungazinaki futhi zithuthuke kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimpawu ezivamile ezinjengokuphulukela kokuzwa zibuye zihambisane nezinye izinkinga eziningi zezindlebe eziphakathi nezingaphakathi.

Ngemva kokubuza imibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zakho, ilungu leqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo liyakwenza ukuhlolwa kwezindlebe. Ungase udinga lezi zilingo ezilandelayo:

  • Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa, okuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-audiometry. Lolu viwo luqhutshwa yisazi sokuzwa esibizwa ngokuthi yi-audiologist. Phakathi nokuhlolwa, imisindo iqondiswa endlebeni eyodwa ngesikhathi. I-audiologist iveza uchungechunge lwemisindo yemithamo ehlukahlukene. Ubonisa njalo lapho uzwa umsindo. Umgomo ngamunye ubuyiselwa emazingeni aphansi ukuthola ukuthi nini ungasazwa kahle.

    I-audiologist ingase futhi iveze amazwi ahlukahlukene ukuhlola ukuzwa kwakho.

  • Izithombe. Ukucubungula komfanekiso olukhulu lwe-magnetic resonance (MRI) olunezidakamizwa ezibonakalayo kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekuxilongeni i-acoustic neuroma. Lolu viwo lokucubungula izithombe lungathola iziphumu ezincane njenge-1 kuya ku-2 millimeters ububanzi. Uma i-MRI ingatholakali noma awukwazi ukwenza isikhombiso se-MRI, i-computerized tomography (CT) ingase isetshenziswe. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlola kwe-CT kungase kudlulisele iziphumu ezincane.

Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa, okuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-audiometry. Lolu viwo luqhutshwa yisazi sokuzwa esibizwa ngokuthi yi-audiologist. Phakathi nokuhlolwa, imisindo iqondiswa endlebeni eyodwa ngesikhathi. I-audiologist iveza uchungechunge lwemisindo yemithamo ehlukahlukene. Ubonisa njalo lapho uzwa umsindo. Umgomo ngamunye ubuyiselwa emazingeni aphansi ukuthola ukuthi nini ungasazwa kahle.

I-audiologist ingase futhi iveze amazwi ahlukahlukene ukuhlola ukuzwa kwakho.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwenu kwe-acoustic neuroma kungase kuhluke, kuye ngokuthi:

  • Ubukhulu nokwanda kwe-acoustic neuroma.
  • Impilo yenu yonke.
  • Izimpawu zenu. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokwelapha i-acoustic neuroma: ukubheka, ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngomgogodla. Wena neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo ningase niqonde ukubheka i-acoustic neuroma uma incinyane futhi ayikhuliswa noma uma ikhula kancane. Lokhu kungase kube yindlela uma i-acoustic neuroma ibangela izimpawu ezimbalwa noma azikho. Ukubheka kungase futhi kunconywe uma ungumuntu omdala noma uma ungumuntu ofanelekile ekwelapheni okunamandla kakhulu. Ngesikhathi ubhekwa, uzodinga ukuhlolwa okuvamile komfanekiso kanye nezivivinyo zokuzwa, ngokuvamile njalo ngenyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12. Lezi zihloko zingabona ukuthi ingxube ikhula kangakanani nokuthi ikhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Uma izithombe zikhombisa ukuthi ingxube ikhula noma uma ingxube ibangela izimpawu ezimbi noma ezinye izinkinga, kungase kudingeke wenze ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngomgogodla. Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze ususe i-acoustic neuroma, ikakhulukazi uma ingxube:
  • Iqhubeka ikhula.
  • Inkulu kakhulu.
  • Ibanga izimpawu. Udokotela wakho wezokwelapha angase asebenzise enye yezindlela eziningi zokususa i-acoustic neuroma. Indlela yokwelapha ihlala kuye ngobuningi bengxube, isimo sakho sokuzwa nezinye izinto. Umgomo wokwelapha ukuze ususe ingxube futhi ulondoloze inzwa yobuso ukuvimbela ukuqina kwemisipha ebusweni bakho. Ukukhipha yonke ingxube kungase kungabi njalo. Isibonelo, uma ingxube isondele kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zobuchopho noma inzwa yobuso, ingxenye kuphela yengxube engase ikhishwe. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-acoustic neuroma kwenziwa ngaphansi kokulala ngokuphelele. Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukususa ingxube ngendlebe yangaphakathi noma ngefasitela ehlwithweni lakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ukususa ingxube kungase kubangele izimpawu ezimbi uma ukuzwa, ibhalansi, noma izinzwa zobuso zikhungathekile noma zonakele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ukuzwa kungase kulahleke ohlangothini lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlinzwa. Ibhalansi ngokuvamile ithinteka okwesikhashana. Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:
  • Ukuvuza koketshezi oluzungezile ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla wakho, olukwaziwa ngokuthi yi-cerebrospinal fluid. Ukuvuza kungase kwenzeke ngesilonda.
  • Ukwehluleka kokuzwa.
  • Ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ebusweni.
  • Ukukhala endlebeni.
  • Izinkinga zobulinganiso.
  • Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo.
  • Ngokungavamile, ukutheleleka kwe-cerebrospinal fluid, okuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-meningitis.
  • Ngokungavamile kakhulu, isiguli noma ukuphuza kwegazi lobuchopho. Ubuchwepheshe be-stereotactic radiosurgery busebenzisa imisebe emincane ye-gamma ukuletha umthamo oluqondile womgogodla endaweni efanele. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokwelashwa ngomgogodla ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-acoustic neuroma:
  • Stereotactic radiosurgery. Uhlobo lokwelashwa ngomgogodla olukwaziwa ngokuthi yi-stereotactic radiosurgery lungalapha i-acoustic neuroma. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa uma ingxube incinyane - ngaphansi kwama-sentimitha angu-2.5 ubukhulu. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kungase futhi kusetshenziswe uma ungumuntu omdala noma awukwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlinzwa ngezizathu zempilo. I-Stereotactic radiosurgery, njenge-Gamma Knife ne-CyberKnife, isebenzisa imisebe emincane ye-gamma ukuletha umthamo womgogodla oluqondiswe ngokuqondile engxubeni. Le ndlela inikeza ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu ezizungezile noma ukwenza isiqeshana. Umgomo we-stereotactic radiosurgery ukumisa ukukhula kwengxube, kulondoloze umsebenzi wenzwa yobuso futhi kungenzeka kulondoloze ukuzwa. Kungase kuthathe amasonto, izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele imiphumela ye-radiosurgery. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo liqapha intuthuko yakho ngezifundo zokuhlola ezilandelayo kanye nezivivinyo zokuzwa. Izingozi ze-radiosurgery zihlanganisa:
    • Ukwehluleka kokuzwa.
    • Ukukhala endlebeni.
    • Ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ebusweni.
    • Izinkinga zobulinganiso.
    • Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwengxube.
  • Ukwehluleka kokuzwa.
  • Ukukhala endlebeni.
  • Ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ebusweni.
  • Izinkinga zobulinganiso.
  • Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwengxube.
  • Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy. I-Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) inikeza umthamo omncane womgogodla engxubeni phezu kwama-session amaningana. I-SRT yenziwa ukuze ihambise ukukhula kwengxube ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu zobuchopho ezizungezile.
  • Proton beam therapy. Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa ngomgogodla luye lwasebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu yama-particle alayishwe ngokufanele okuthiwa yi-protons. Imisebe ye-proton ilayishwe endaweni ethintekile ngemithamo eqondiswe ekwelapheni izingxube. Lolu hlobo lokwelapha lunciphisa ukukhishwa komgogodla endaweni ezizungezile. Stereotactic radiosurgery. Uhlobo lokwelashwa ngomgogodla olukwaziwa ngokuthi yi-stereotactic radiosurgery lungalapha i-acoustic neuroma. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa uma ingxube incinyane - ngaphansi kwama-sentimitha angu-2.5 ubukhulu. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kungase futhi kusetshenziswe uma ungumuntu omdala noma awukwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlinzwa ngezizathu zempilo. I-Stereotactic radiosurgery, njenge-Gamma Knife ne-CyberKnife, isebenzisa imisebe emincane ye-gamma ukuletha umthamo womgogodla oluqondiswe ngokuqondile engxubeni. Le ndlela inikeza ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu ezizungezile noma ukwenza isiqeshana. Umgomo we-stereotactic radiosurgery ukumisa ukukhula kwengxube, kulondoloze umsebenzi wenzwa yobuso futhi kungenzeka kulondoloze ukuzwa. Kungase kuthathe amasonto, izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele imiphumela ye-radiosurgery. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo liqapha intuthuko yakho ngezifundo zokuhlola ezilandelayo kanye nezivivinyo zokuzwa. Izingozi ze-radiosurgery zihlanganisa:
  • Ukwehluleka kokuzwa.
  • Ukukhala endlebeni.
  • Ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ebusweni.
  • Izinkinga zobulinganiso.
  • Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwengxube. Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kokususa noma ukumisa ukukhula kwengxube, ukwelashwa okusekela kungasiza. Ukwelashwa okusekela kubhekana nezimpawu noma izinkinga ze-acoustic neuroma kanye nokwelashwa kwayo, njengokugqwala noma izinkinga zobulinganiso. Ama-cochlear implants noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukwehluleka kokuzwa. bhalisela mahhala bese uthola olunye ulwazi mayelana nokwelashwa, ukuxilongwa kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-brain tumor. sixhumanisi sokuyeka ukubhalisa ku-imeyili. Ukubhekana nethuba lokwehluleka kokuzwa kanye nokuqina kobuso kungase kube nzima kakhulu. Ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa oluzoba lula kuwe kungase futhi kube inselele. Lezi ziqondiso zingasiza:
  • Zifundise nge-acoustic neuromas. Okwengeziwe okwaziyo, kangcono ukulungiselela ukwenza izinqumo ezinhle mayelana nokwelashwa. Ngaphandle kokukhuluma neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo nodokotela wakho wezokuzwa, ungase ufune ukukhuluma nomxhumanisi noma umsebenzi wokuxhumana. Noma ungase uthole ukuthi kuwusizo ukukhuluma nabanye abantu abake baba ne-acoustic neuroma. Kungase kusize ukufunda okwengeziwe ngamava abo ngesikhathi nangemuva kokwelashwa.
  • Gcina isisekelo esiqinile sokusekela. Umuzi nabangane bangakusiza njengoba uhamba kuleli xesha elinzima. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo, ungase uthole ukukhathalela nokuqonda kwabanye abantu abane-acoustic neuroma kuyaduduza kakhulu. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo noma umsebenzi wokuxhumana angase akwazi ukukuxhumanisa neqembu lokusekela. Noma ungase uthole iqembu lokusekela ebusweni noma e-inthanethi nge-Acoustic Neuroma Association. Gcina isisekelo esiqinile sokusekela. Umuzi nabangane bangakusiza njengoba uhamba kuleli xesha elinzima. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo, ungase uthole ukukhathalela nokuqonda kwabanye abantu abane-acoustic neuroma kuyaduduza kakhulu. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo noma umsebenzi wokuxhumana angase akwazi ukukuxhumanisa neqembu lokusekela. Noma ungase uthole iqembu lokusekela ebusweni noma e-inthanethi nge-Acoustic Neuroma Association.

Ikheli: 506/507, 1st Main Rd, Murugeshpalya, K R Garden, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560075

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.

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