Bulimia Nervosa

I-Bulimia (boo-LEE-me-uh) nervosa, evame okuthiwa yi-bulimia, luyifo lokudla olukhulu, oluyingozi, oluyingozi ebomini. Abantu abane-bulimia badla kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu bazizwa sengathi baye balahlekelwa ukulawula ukudla kwabo. Badla ukudla okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngasese, futhi bavame ukuzizwa benecala kakhulu nabahloniphanga. Bese bazama ukususa ukudla ne-calories ezengeziwe ngendlela engaphilile, njengokugabha noma ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanza.

Uma une-bulimia, cishe uqaphela isisindo sakho nesimo somzimba wakho ngisho noma uzama ukucabanga ngezinto eziningi. Ungazihlola ngokunzima nangokhahlo ngalokho okukubona njengeziphoso ekuhlangenwe nakho kwakho nobuntu bakho. I-Bulimia ihlobene nokuthi uzibona kanjani — akuyona nje ngokudla. Kungaba nzima ukuyinqoba, futhi kungaba yingozi.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-eating disorder akuyona into oyikhethayo. I-Bulimia yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esithinta indlela ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo nokuthi wenze izinqumo kanjani. Kodwa ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kungakusiza uzizwe kangcono ngawe, udle ukudla okunempilo futhi ubuyisele izinkinga ezinzima.

Izimpawu ze-bulimia zingafaka:

• Ukuphila ngokwesaba ukwanda kwesisindo nokukhathazeka ngokulahlekelwa isisindo ngezindlela ezingalungile.
• Ukudla okuphindaphindayo okukhulu kokudla ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ukuzwa ukulahleka kokulawula ngesikhathi sokuqina kokudla. Ungase uzwe sengathi awukwazi ukuyeka ukudla noma awukwazi ukulawula ukuthi yini oyidlayo.
• Ukugabha ngamabomu noma ukuzivocavoca kakhulu ngemuva kokudla okukhulu ukuze ungawandisi isisindo.
• Ukusebenzisa imithi eyenza ukhuphe amanzi, okuthiwa amaphilisi amanzi noma ama-diuretics, noma ama-laxatives noma ama-enemas ukukhupha isisu lapho kungadingeki.
• Ukudla okuncane, ukulinganisela ama-calories noma ukungadli ukudla okuthile phakathi kokudla okukhulu.
• Ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zokudla noma imikhiqizo yemifino yokulahlekelwa isisindo. Le mikhiqizo ingaba yingozi.
• Ukunganeliseki kakhulu ngesimo somzimba wakho nesisindo.
• Ukuvumela isisindo somzimba wakho nesimo somzimba wakho ukuthi sikukhombe ukuthi uzizwa kanjani ngawe nentengo yakho.
• Ukuba nezinguquko ezikhulu zemoto.

Abantu abane-bulimia bangase basebenzise izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlanza. Ubunzima be-bulimia kuncike inani lezikhathi ngesonto ozihlanza ngazo nezingqinamba ezihambisana nokwenza kanjalo.

Uma unezimpawu ze-bulimia, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma ingaphathwa, i-bulimia ingathinta kakhulu impilo yakho yomzimba neyengqondo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho oyinhloko noma uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ngezimpawu ze-bulimia kanye nemizwa yakho. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ufuna ukufuna ukwelashwa, khuluma nomuntu ngalokho okukhathazayo. Lokhu kungaba umngani noma othandekayo, uthisha, umholi wenkolo, noma omunye umuntu omthembayo. Lo muntu angakusiza uthathe izinyathelo zokuqala zokuthola usizo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi othandekayo angaba nezimpawu ze-bulimia, khuluma nomuntu ngokukhululekile nangokwethembeka ngezinkathazo zakho. Awukwazi ukuphoqa umuntu ukuthi athole usizo, kodwa unganika isikhuthazo nokwesekwa. Ungasiza futhi uthole udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, wenze i-aphoyintimenti, futhi uze uhlanganyele ekubeni khona e-aphoyintimenti. Abantu abane-bulimia bangaba ngesisindo esiyinhlanzeko. Isibonelo, bangaba ngesisindo esijwayelekile noma banesisindo esiningi. Kungakho ungakwazi ukutshela nje ngokubuka usayizi womuntu ukuthi lo muntu une-bulimia. Izimpawu ze-bulimia umndeni nabangane abangazibona zihlanganisa:

• Ukukhathazeka njalo ngokudla noma ukuba ngesisindo esiningi.
• Ukuba nomfanekiso womzimba ohlanekezelwe noma ongafanelekile noma kokubili.
• Ukudla inani elikhulu lokudla ngokuphindaphindiwe kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ukulandela ukudla okunqunyiwe noma ukuzila ukudla ngemuva kokudla okuningi.
• Ukuba nokuphuza kwesisu, isikhathi esinzima sokuphuma isisu nezinye izinkinga zesisu.
• Ukungafuni ukudla obala noma phambi kwabanye.
• Ukuya ekhaya langasese ngemuva kokudla noma ngesikhathi sokudla, noma isikhathi eside.
• Ukwenza umsebenzi omningi womzimba.
• Ukuba namabala, ama-scars noma ama-calluses ezinzwini noma ezandleni.
• Ukuba amazinyo nama-gums abonakalisiwe.
• Ukushintsha isisindo - phezulu naphansi.
• Ukukhula kwezandla nezinyawo, kanye neempukane nendawo yomhlathi.

Abesifazane banesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuba ne-bulimia kunamadoda. I-Bulimia iqala kaningi ekupheleni kweminyaka yobusha noma ekuqaleni kokukhula.

Faktha ezikhuphula ingozi yakho ye-bulimia zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni nama-jini. Ukuba nomlando womndeni wezinkinga zokudla nezinkinga zokulawula isisindo kungandisa ingozi yesifo sokudla. Abantu abanobuhlobo bokuqala — abazalwane, abazali noma abantwana — abaxilongwe ngesifo sokudla bangase babe nethuba elikhulu lokuba nesifo sokudla. Lokhu kusikisela ukuxhumana okungenzeka kwe-genetic.
• Ukudla okunqanyuliwe. Abantu abadla ukudla okunqanyuliwe banesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuba nezifo zokudla. Abantu abaningi abane-bulimia banqanda kakhulu ama-calories phakathi kwesikhathi sokudla okukhulu. Lokhu kungabenza badle okukhulu futhi bahlanze. Ezinye izimbangela zokudla okukhulu zingabandakanya ukucindezeleka, imizwelo eqinile, ukuba nomfanekiso womzimba ohlanekezelwe noma ongathandeki nokudideka.

Ubulimia bungabangela izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu, ngisho nezingahlulika, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukungaziboni ufanele futhi uzizwe uyalelwa noma ufuna ukuzibulala.
• Izinkinga zokuzwana nabanye noma uhlukaniswe ngokomphakathi.
• Ukondleka okubi.
• Ukungaphuzi amanzi anele, okungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha, njengokwehluleka kwesibindi.
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo, njengokubetha kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
• Ukubola kwamazinyo okukhulu nesifo samagingi.
• Ukungatholi isikhathi noma ukungatholi isikhathi njalo.
• Izinkinga zesisu, okuhlanganisa nokuklebhuleka komthambo odlulisa ukudla, noma isifo esiswini noma esibindini esincane. Ungase futhi ube nokuqhekeka kwesisu, lapho ingxenye yesisu elikhulu iphuma khona emgodini.

Nakuba kungekho ndlela eqinisekileyo yokuvimbela i-bulimia, ungaqondisa umuntu ekuziphatheni okunempilo noma ekwelapheni kwabasebenzi bezeMpilo ngaphambi kokuba kube kubi. Nanka indlela ongamsiza ngayo:

• Khuthaza bese usekela umfanekiso womzimba ophilileyo kubantwana bakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubunzima babo noma isakhiwo sabo. Bancedise ukuba baqiniseke ngezinye izingxenye zobuntu babo, hhayi nje indlela ababonakala ngayo.
• Qala ukudla kwemindeni okujabulisayo njalo.
• Ungakhulumi ngesisindo noma isakhiwo ekhaya.
• Vimbela ukudla okunqunywe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma kuhilela ukuziphatha okungalungile kokulawula isisindo, njengokuzila ukudla, ukubiza ukudla ngokuthi kuhle noma kubi, ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zokunciphisa isisindo noma izidakamizwa, noma ukugabha.
• Xoxa nodokotela wakho oyinhloko ukuze ubone izimpawu zokuqala zenkinga yokudla.
• Uma ubona othandekayo noma umngane obonakala enezinkinga zokudla ezingadala noma zikhombe isifo sokuphazamiseka kokudla, cabanga ngokukhuluma nomuntu ngalezi zinkinga bese ubuza ukuthi ungasiza kanjani. Uma wenza kanjalo, yiba nomusa.

Ukuthola ukuthi ugula yini nge-bulimia, ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bayo:

• Bazothintana nawe mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokudla, izindlela zokuphulukisa isisindo kanye nezimpawu zomzimba.
• Benze ukuhlolwa komzimba.
• Bacele ukuhlolwa kwegazi neminye imithombo.
• Bacele i-ECG noma ezinye izivivinyo ukuze bahlole izinkinga zenhliziyo yakho.
• Benze ukuhlolwa kwempilo yengqondo, okuhlanganisa nokukhuluma ngendlela ozizwa ngayo ngomzimba wakho nesisindo.

Ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bangase futhi bacele ezinye izivivinyo ukuze baqonde kahle ukuxilongwa, ukususa izimbangela zezempilo zokuguquka kwesisindo nokuhlola noma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-bulimia kuvame ukubandakanya ukudla okukhulu nokuhlanza okungenani kanye ngesonto izinyanga ezintathu. Kodwa noma yimiphi imikhuba yokudla okukhulu nokuhlanza, ngisho noma kwenziwa kancane, ingaba yingozi futhi idinga ukwelashwa. Lapho lezi zenzakalo zenzeka kaningi, i-bulimia iba nzima kakhulu.

Uma uhlushwa yi-bulimia, ungase udinga uhlobo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lwezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa izindlela zokwelapha ezivunyiwe nezinye izidakamizwa ezingakusiza ukuthi uphulukiswe.

Ukuphathwa kuvame ukubandakanya iqembu elikuhlanganisa wena, umndeni wakho, ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo abakhulu, ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo kanye ngezinye izikhathi umqeqeshi wokudla owaziyo ukuthi ungaphatha kanjani izinkinga zokudla.

Nansi indlela yokwelapha i-bulimia.

Ukukhuluma, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-psychotherapy, kuhilela ukukhuluma nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo nge-bulimia yakho nezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nayo.

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi le mihlobo yokukhuluma inganciphisa izimpawu ze-bulimia:

• Ukuphathwa okuthuthukisiwe kokuziphatha okuqondisiwe, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-CBT-E, ukusiza intsha nabantu abadala abane-bulimia ukuba bakhe izindlela zokudla ezempilo futhi bashintshe izinkolelo nezenzo ezingalungile, ezimbi ngezinkolelo nezenzo ezempilo, ezinhle.
• Ukuphathwa komndeni, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-FBT, ukusiza abazali babantwana nentsha abane-bulimia ukuba bafunde ukuthi yini okufanele bayenze ngezindlela zokudla ezingalungile futhi basize ingane yabo ukuba ibuye ilawule lokho okudliwayo.
• Ukuphathwa kokuziphatha kwe-dialectical, ukusiza abantu ukuba bakhuthazele ukucindezeleka kangcono, babe nokuthula ngokomzwelo, babe nokuqaphela futhi bahlangane kangcono nabanye.

Buza ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo yengqondo ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokwelapha oluzosetshenziswa nokuthi lokho kwelapha kusiza kanjani ukwelapha i-bulimia.

Abaqeqeshi bokudla abanolwazi olukhulu ekwelapheni izifo zokudla bangasiza. Bangaklama uhlelo lokudla oluzokusiza ukuba udle impilo, ulawule imizwa yokulangazelela kakhulu noma ukuba nezifiso eziningi, futhi unikeze ukudla okuhle. Ukudla njalo nokungahlukanisi inani noma izinhlobo zokudla okudlayo kubalulekile ekuqedeni i-bulimia.

Ngokuvamile, i-bulimia ingaphathwa ngaphandle kwesibhedlela. Kodwa uma izimpawu zinzima futhi unezinhlungu zempilo ezinzima, ungase udinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela. Amanye amaphrojekthi ezifo zokudla anganikeza ukwelashwa kosuku kunokuba uhlale esibhedlela.

Nakuba abantu abaningi abane-bulimia bephulukana, abanye bathola ukuthi izimpawu azipheli ngokuphelele. Izikhathi zokudla okukhulu nokukhipha zingase ziye ziye eminyakeni eminingi. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye abantu bangase badle okukhulu futhi bakhiphe lapho becindezelekile kakhulu.

Uma uzithola uphinde ube kulokho kwesikhathi sokudla okukhulu-ukukhipha, thola usizo. Izivivinyo zokulandelela nochwepheshe bakho bezempilo abakhulu, umqeqeshi wokudla noma ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo bangakusiza ngaphambi kokuthi isifo sakho sokudla siphinde sibe sibi. Ukufunda izindlela ezinhle zokubhekana nezinkinga, ukufuna izindlela ezempilo zokuhlangana nabanye nokulawula ukucindezeleka kungasiza ekuvimbeni inkinga yokudla ukuba ibuyele.

Ngaphezu kokwelashwa okusezingeni eliphezulu, sebenzisa lezi zeluleko zokunakekela:

• Landelani uhlelo lwenu lokwelashwa. Ungawushiyi umhlangano wokwelashwa. Futhi, zama ukulandela lokho wena nodokotela wakho eniyihlelele isikhathi esiphakathi kwemihlangano, ngisho noma lezo zinhlelo zikwenza ungakhululeki.
• Funda nge-bulimia. Ukwazi okwengeziwe ngesimo sakho kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.
• Thola ukudla okulungile. Uma ungadli kahle noma uhlanza kakhulu, umzimba wakho cishe awutholi zonke izondlo ezidingekayo. Xoxa nodokotela wakho oyinhloko noma uchwepheshe wokudla ngezinsiza zevithamini neziminerali ozidingayo. Kodwa kufanele uzame ukuthola iningi leevithamini neziminerali zakho ekudleni.
• Hlala uxhumene. Ungaphambuki emakusini omndeni nabangane abakhathalelayo abafuna ukukubona uqina. Yazi ukuthi banentshisekelo yakho enhliziyweni. Futhi ukuba nabantu abakukhathalelayo ekuphileni kwakho kuzempilo kuwe.
• Yiba nomusa kuwe. Zama ukungazilimeli noma ungazihloli esibukweni njalo. Lezi zenzo zingakhuthaza isifiso sakho sokuqhubeka nezenzo ezingaphilile.
• Qaphela umsebenzi womzimba. Xoxa nodokotela wakho oyinhloko ngohlobo lomsebenzi womzimba olufanele kuwe, ikakhulukazi uma uqeqesha kakhulu ukushisa ama-calories ngemuva kokudla okukhulu.

Abantu abane-eating disorders baphazanyiswa ukusebenzisa kabi izithasiselo zokudla nemikhiqizo yemifino eyenzelwe ukubenza bangalambi noma ukubasiza ukulahlekelwa isisindo. Izithasiselo zokulahlekelwa isisindo noma imifino ingaba nemiphumela emibi futhi ibe yingozi nakakhulu uma ithathwa nezinye izidakamizwa.

IFDA ayidingi ukuvumela izithasiselo zokulahlekelwa isisindo nezinye izithasiselo zokudla ukuthi zifinyelele emakethe. Futhi igama elithi "natural" alihlale lisho ukuthi kuphephile. Uma usebenzisa izithasiselo zokudla noma imifino, xoxa nodokotela wakho oyinhloko ngengozi.

Ungase uthole kunzima ukubhekana ne-bulimia uma i-media, abafundisi, umndeni, futhi mhlawumbe abangane bakho noma ontanga bakunika imiyalezo ehlangene. Uyakubhekana kanjani nesifo esingabulala uma uthola nemiyalezo yokuthi ukuba unqunu kuyisibonakaliso sempumelelo?

Qiniseka ukuthi:

• Zikhumbuze ukuthi yini isisindo esinempilo somzimba wakho.
• Zama ukungadli isidlo noma ukushiya ukudla, okungabangela ukudla okukhulu.
• Ungawushiyi umhlangano wokwelashwa.
• Ungayivakasheli iwebhusayithi eisekela noma idumisa ukudla okungaphilile.
• Sebenza neqembu lakho lokwelashwa ukuze uthole izimo ezingabangela imicabango noma izenzo ezingase zibe yingxenye ye-bulimia yakho. Dala uhlelo lokuqondana nalezo zimo.
• Yenza uhlelo lokuqondana nobunzima bokuhluleka.
• Funafuna izibonelo ezinhle ezingakwenza uzizwe kangcono ngawe.
• Thola imisebenzi nezinto ozithandayo ukuze zikuphambukise emicabangweni yokudla okukhulu nokuhlanza.
• Zizwe kangcono ngawe ngokuzithethelela, ukugxila ezintweni ezinhle, nokukwazisa nokwamukela.

Uma une-bulimia, wena nomndeni wakho ningase uthole amaqembu asekelayo abe yimithombo yokukhuthaza, ithemba nezeluleko zokubhekana. Amalungu eqembu angaqonda lokho okudlula kukho ngoba asebekhona. Buza udokotela wakho uma kukhona iqembu endaweni yakho.

Uma ungumzali womntwana one-bulimia, ungase uzisole ngesifo sokudla somntanakho. Kodwa izifo zokudla zinezizathu eziningi, futhi kwaqondwa ukuthi abazali ababangeli izifo zokudla. Abazali badlala indima ebalulekile ekusisizeni abantwana babo ukuphulukana nalezi zifo.

Nawa amanye amacebo:

• Qiniseka ukuthi umntanakho uthola ukwelashwa. Thatha ingxenye ehlelweni lokwelashwa ukuze wazi ukuthi ungamsekela kanjani kangcono umntanakho.
• Lalela. Yiba umlaleli oqaphile. Nikeza umntanakho indawo ephephile yokukhuluma nokubambisana imizwa ngaphandle kokwahlulela.
• Hlela isikhathi sokudla komndeni njalo. Ukudla ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukudla okukhulu.
• Tshela intombazane yakho ngezinkathazo zakho. Ungabeki icala. I-eating disorder akuyona ukukhetha noma okuthile umntanakho akwenzayo. Yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esithinta ubuchopho bomntanakho nendlela umntanakho athatha ngayo izinqumo.