Ukuthi yini i-Microscopic Colitis? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-Microscopic colitis uhlobo lwesimo sokuvuvukala sezisu esibangela ukweluka okunamanzi okuqhubekayo. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-colitis, izisu lakho libukeka liqondile ngokuphelele ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, kodwa ngaphansi komkhulu, ukuvuvukala kubonakala ekuqaleni kwesisu.

Lesi simo sithinta abantu abangaba ngu-20 kwabayi-100,000, kanti abesifazane bathinteka kakhulu kunabesilisa. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabekisa, i-microscopic colitis ilawuleka ngokwelashwa okufanele futhi ayivame ukubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-microscopic colitis?

Isimpawu esiyinhloko se-microscopic colitis ukweluka okunamanzi okuqhubekayo okuhlala amasonto noma izinyanga. Lokhu akuyona into evamile yesisu eyahamba ngemihla embalwa.

Ake sihambe ngezimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo, siqale ngezivamile kakhulu:

• Ukweluka okunamanzi okuvela izikhathi eziyi-3-20 ngosuku
• Ubuhlungu besisu nobuhlungu, ngokuvamile obukhulu noma obuphakathi
• Ukuphithizela kokuthi uya emathuneni
• Ukuqhuma kwegasi
• Ukukhathala ngenxa yokuya njalo emathuneni nokuphazamiseka kokulala
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngenxa yokungeniswa kabi kwezondlo
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi uma ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi kukhulu

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile njengobunhlungu bezingalo, ukukhishwa kwesikhumba, noma ukuvuvukala kwamehlo. Lezi zimpawu zingafika zihambe, nezinkathi zokuthula zilandelelwa ukukhanya okungase kuhlale izinyanga eziningi.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-microscopic colitis?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-microscopic colitis, futhi zibizwa ngokusekelwe kulokho odokotela abakubona ngaphansi komkhulu. Zombili izinhlobo zibangela izimpawu ezifanayo kodwa zinezincazelo ezincane ezahlukene.

I-Collagenous colitis kwenzeka lapho ibhendi elikhulu le-collagen lakhiwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesisu. Le bhendi ye-collagen ikhulu kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, idala isikhungo esithinta indlela izisu lakho elithatha ngayo amanzi.

I-Lymphocytic colitis kwenzeka lapho ama-lymphocytes amaningi (uhlobo lweselula elimhlophe legazi) ebuthana ekuqaleni kwesisu. Lezi ziselo zokulwa nezifo zibonisa ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo, nakuba izisu lakho libukeka liqondile ngaphandle.

Zombili izinhlobo ziphendula ngokwelashwa okufanayo, futhi udokotela wakho uzokunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona nge-biopsy ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy.

Yini ebangela i-microscopic colitis?

Imbangela eqondile ye-microscopic colitis ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ithuthukiswa yihlanganisela yezinto. Isistimu yakho yokulwa nezifo cishe idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqaliseni ukuvuvukala.

Nazi izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zifake isandla ekuthuthukiseni lesi simo:

• Impendulo yokulwa nezifo lapho isistimu yakho yokulwa nezifo ihlasela ngephutha izicubu zesisu ezempilo
• Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi i-NSAIDs njenge-ibuprofen, i-proton pump inhibitors, nezinye izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka
• Ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya noma ama-virus okuqalisa ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo
• Izinto zofuzo ezenza ube sengozini enkulu
• Ukungeniswa kabi kwe-bile acid, okungase kukhungathekise ukuqala kwesisu
• Ukubhema, okwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho

Ezimeni ezingavamile, i-microscopic colitis ingahlotshaniswa nesifo se-celiac, izifo zesitho sesibindi, noma ukukhishwa kwezinto ezithile eziyingozi. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi bathuthukisa lesi simo ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isizathu esicacile, okungase kuzwakale kuyadumaza kodwa kuyinto evamile ngokuphelele.

Kufanele ubone nini udokotela nge-microscopic colitis?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nokweluka okunamanzi okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamalanga ambalwa, ikakhulukazi uma kuya kuphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka nokwenza uzizwe ungcono ngokushesha.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi njengokukhungatheka, umlomo owomile, noma ukunciphisa ukuya emathuneni. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi futhi udinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Shaya udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu, igazi emathuneni akho, noma ubushushu obukhulu. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingavamile nge-microscopic colitis, zingase zibonise ezinye izimo ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ziyini izinto ezikhulayo ingozi ye-microscopic colitis?

Izinto ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-microscopic colitis, nakuba ukuba nezinto ezikhulayo ingozi akusho ukuthi uzothola lesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqaphele izimpawu.

Izinto ezikhulayo ingozi eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesifazane, njengoba abesifazane banethuba elingu-3-9 lokuthuthukisa lesi simo
• Iminyaka engaphezu kuka-50, ngokwanda okukhulu kweminyaka engama-60 nama-70
• Ukubhema noma umlando wokubhema
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile njalo, ikakhulukazi i-NSAIDs noma i-PPIs
• Ukuba nezimo zokulwa nezifo njengesifo se-celiac, izifo zesitho sesibindi, noma i-rheumatoid arthritis
• Umlando womndeni wesifo sokuvuvukala sezisu

Izinto ezingavamile ezikhulayo ingozi zihlanganisa ukuba uqale ukucutshungulwa kwesisu noma ukuthatha imithi ethile yokwelapha ingqondo. Uma unezinto eziningi ezikhulayo ingozi, akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile i-microscopic colitis, kodwa kufanele ukuxoxe nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokugaya ukudla eziqhubekayo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-microscopic colitis?

Abantu abaningi abane-microscopic colitis abathuthukisi izinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa ukweluka okuqhubekayo kungabangela izinkinga zezempilo uma kungelashwa. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi zinkinga ngokuvamile zingavikeleka ngokuphathwa okufanele.

Izinkinga ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphelelwa amanzi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwamanzi amaningi ngokweluka
• Ukungahlangani kahle kwama-electrolyte, ikakhulukazi i-potassium ne-sodium ephansi
• Ukondleka okubi ngenxa yokungeniswa kabi kwezondlo
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungaba khulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka ngenxa yokushoda kwezondlo
• Ukuzihlukanisa nabantu ngenxa yokungabikeleki kokuthi uya emathuneni

Ngokungavamile, izimo ezinkulu zingase ziholele ezinkingeni zezinso ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi okuqhubekayo noma ukondleka okubi okudingayo ukungena esibhedlela. Noma kunjalo, ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bagwema lezi zinkinga ezinkulu ngokuphelele.

I-microscopic colitis ingavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-microscopic colitis, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingase zinciphisa ingozi yakho noma zikusize ulawule izimpawu uma usuvele unalesi simo. Ukuvimbela kugxila ekuqedeni izinto ezibangela futhi kulondoloza impilo yesisu ngokujwayelekile.

Izindlela zokuvimbela ezisebenza kakhulu zihlanganisa ukushiya ukubhema, njengoba lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa lesi simo. Uma ubhema, xoxa nodokotela wakho ngezinhlelo zokuyeka ezingakusiza ukuba uyeke ngokuphepha.

Sebenzani nodokotela wakho ukuhlola imithi yakho, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha i-NSAIDs noma i-proton pump inhibitors njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukushintshela kwemithi ehlukile kunganciphisa ingozi yakho ngaphandle kokulimaza ezinye izimo zakho zezempilo.

Ukugcina ukudla okunempilo okugcwele ukhula nokugcina umzimba unemanzi kuwukusekela impilo yesisu ngokujwayelekile. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuqeda i-caffeine ne-alcohol kakhulu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala kokugaya ukudla.

I-microscopic colitis ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilonga i-microscopic colitis kudinga i-colonoscopy nge-tissue biopsy ngoba lesi simo asinakubonwa ngamehlo. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola izicubu zesisu ngaphansi komkhulu ukuze enze ukuxilongwa.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile iqala ngodokotela wakho ebukeza izimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Bazokuqaphela ngokuthi uya emathuneni, noma iyiphi imithi oyithathayo, nokuthi unezinye izimo zokulwa nezifo yini.

Izivivinyo zegazi zingase ziyalwe ukuhlola izimpawu zokuvuvukala, ukushoda kwegazi, noma ukungahlangani kahle kwama-electrolyte. Udokotela wakho angase futhi avivinye ukhula lwakho ukuze akhiphe ukutheleleka noma ezinye izimbangela zokweluka okuqhubekayo.

Ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, udokotela wakho uzothatha izibonelo ezincane zezicubu ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukene zesisu lakho. Lezi biopsies bese zihlolwa ngaphansi komkhulu ukuze zibone izinguquko ezibonakalayo ezibonisa i-microscopic colitis.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-microscopic colitis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-microscopic colitis kugxila ekuqedeni ukuvuvukala nokulawula ukweluka ukuze kusize uzizwe ungcono futhi uvikele ukuphazamiseka. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi bayaphendula kahle ekwelapheni.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngezindlela ezimnene kakhulu kuqala:

1. Ukuyeka imithi engase ibe yimbangela yengxaki, uma kungenzeka
2. Imithi yokulwa nokweluka njenge-loperamide ukuze unciphise ukuya emathuneni
3. I-Budesonide, i-corticosteroid esebenza ngokukhethekile esiswini ngezinzuzo ezimbalwa
4. Ama-bile acid sequestrants uma ukungeniswa kabi kwe-bile acid kuhlanganyela
5. Ama-probiotics ukusiza ukubuyisela amabhaktheriya esisu anempilo

Ezimeni ezinkulu, udokotela wakho angase afake imithi enamandla njenge-steroids yesistimu, ama-immunosuppressants, noma ama-biologics. Lokhu kwelashwa ngokuvamile kugcinelwe abantu abangaphenduli ekwelapheni okokuqala.

Ezimeni ezingavamile lapho imithi ingasebenzi khona, abanye abantu bayazuza ekuthuthukisweni kwe-fecal microbiota, nakuba lokhu kusathathwa njengokuhlolwa kwe-microscopic colitis.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-microscopic colitis ekhaya?

Ukulawula ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Izinguquko ezilula zokudla nendlela yokuphila zingenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ozizwa ngayo usuku nosuku.

Qala ngokugcina idayari yokudla ukuze ubone noma yiziphi izinto ezibangela ezibangela izimpawu zakho. Izinto ezivamile ezibangela zihlanganisa i-caffeine, ukudla okunoshushu, ukudla okunemafutha aphezulu, nezinongoti ezakhiwe, nakuba izinto ezibangela zihlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

Gcina umzimba unemanzi ngokunisela amanzi amaningi usuku lonke, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhanya. Iziphuzo ze-electrolyte zingasiza ukubuyisela lokho olahlekile ngokweluka, kodwa khetha izinketho ezingenazo izinongoti ezakhiwe.

Dla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile kunokukhulu, futhi cabanga ukulandela ukudla okune-FODMAP ephansi uma ukudla okuthile kubonakala kubangela izimpawu. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuqeda i-gluten kusiza, ngisho noma abanawo i-celiac disease.

Hlela imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngokufinyelela emathuneni uma izimpawu zisebenza. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuyakhawulela, kodwa kunganciphisa ukukhathazeka nokukusiza ugcine umkhuba wakho ojwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nelenqubo yokwelapha esebenza kahle. Udokotela wakho udinga ulwazi oluphelele ngezimpawu zakho ukuze akusize ngokuphumelelayo.

Gcina idayari yesimpawu okungenani isonto ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, uqaphele ubukhulu nokuhlangana kokuthi uya emathuneni, noma yiluphi ubuhlungu obuhambisana nalo, nezinto ezibangela ezingase zibe khona. Lolu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kudockotela wakho.

Yenza uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yonke, izongezo, namavithamini oyithathayo, kuhlanganise nezinto ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwesikripthi. Imithi ethile ingase ifake isandla kwi-microscopic colitis, ngakho-ke lolu lwazi lubalulekile.

Lungisa uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ongazidinga, izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, nendlela yokulawula izimpawu ngenkathi ulinde imiphumela. Bhala imibuzo yakho kusengaphambili ukuze ungayikhohlwa ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti.

Yini into ebalulekile nge-microscopic colitis?

I-Microscopic colitis yisimo esilawuleka esingase sibe yinkinga, kodwa ngokuvamile ayiholeli ezinkingeni ezinkulu uma ilapheka kahle. Ukweluka okuqhubekayo nezinye izimpawu zingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho, kodwa kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okutholakalayo.

Abantu abaningi abane-microscopic colitis bayaphendula kahle ekwelapheni futhi bangabuyela emisebenzini yabo evamile. Nakuba lesi simo singase sidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo, abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nezinkathi ezinde zokuthula ngezimpawu ezincane.

Ukufeza ukuphathwa okuphumelelayo ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuba nesineke nenqubo yokwelapha, nokwenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezisekela impilo yakho ngokujwayelekile. Khumbula ukuthi lesi simo akusona icala lakho, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa nge-microscopic colitis

Ingabe i-microscopic colitis ifana nesifo se-Crohn noma i-ulcerative colitis?

Cha, i-microscopic colitis ihlukile ezifweni zokuvuvukala sezisu njenge-Crohn's disease ne-ulcerative colitis. Nakuba zonke lezi zimo ezintathu zibangela ukuvuvukala endleleni yokugaya ukudla, i-microscopic colitis ngokuvamile inenkambo engcono kakhulu nezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukene. Ngokungafani ne-IBD, i-microscopic colitis ayikhuli izingozi zakho zomdlavuza wesisu futhi ayivami ukudinga ukuhlinzwa.

Ingabe ngizodinga ukulandela ukudla okukhethekile phakade?

Akuyona into eqinisekile. Nakuba abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izinguquko ezithile zokudla zisiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zabo isikhathi eside, abanye bangabuyela ekudleni kwabo okujwayelekile uma isimo sabo silawulwa. Sebenzani nodokotela wakho futhi mhlawumbe umhlengikazi wokudla ukuze uthuthukise uhlelo lokudla olusebenza esimweni sakho nasezimpawu zakho.

Ingabe i-microscopic colitis ingaphela yodwa?

Abanye abantu baye bahlangabezana nokubuyela emuva ngokuzithandela, lapho izimpawu ziyaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akunakubikezelwa, futhi lesi simo sivame ukubuyela. Odokotela abaningi bayeka ukwelashwa ukuze bawulawule izimpawu futhi bavimbele ukuphazamiseka kunokulinda ukubona uma kuzoxazulula yodwa.

Ingabe i-microscopic colitis iyadluliseka?

Cha, i-microscopic colitis ayidluliseki. Awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu noma uyidlulisele kwabanye. Yisimo sokuvuvukala esithuthukiswa yihlanganisela yezinto ezihlanganisa ifuzo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokulwa nezifo, nezinto ezibangela ezizungezile.

Ukwelashwa kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Abantu abaningi baqala ukubona ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamasonto angu-2-8 ngokuqala ukwelashwa, nakuba kungathatha izinyanga eziningi ukufeza ukulawula okuphelele kwesimpawu. Imithi ethile njengezidakamizwa zokulwa nokweluka ingase inikeze impumuzo phakathi nezinsuku, kuyilapho ezinye njenge-budesonide zingase zithathe amasonto amaningana ukubonisa umphumela wayo ophelele. Yiba nesineke nenqubo futhi uxhumane njalo nodokotela wakho ngokuqhubeka kwakho.