Rhinitis Engeke Ibe Ngenxa Yokubeleka

I-rhinitis engenayo i-allergy ihilela ukuthimfisa noma ikhala, iphunga elikhulu. Ingaba yinkinga yesikhathi eside, futhi ayinazizathu ezicacile. Izimpawu zifana nalezo ze-hay fever, ebizwa nangokuthi i-allergic rhinitis. Kodwa i-rhinitis engenayo i-allergy ayibangelwa yi-allergies.

I-rhinitis engenayo i-allergy ingathinta izingane nabantu abadala. Kodwa ivame kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20. Izinto ezibangela izimpawu zihlukahluka kumuntu ngamunye. Izinto ezibangela zingafaka ezinye:

• Uthuli, umusi nezinye izinto ezikhungathekisayo emoyeni.
• Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
• Imithi.
• Ukudla okushisayo noma okunoshukela.
• Izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside.

Abalimi bezeMpilo bavame kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpawu zomuntu azibangelwa yi-allergies. Ngakho-ke ungase udinga ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma kwegazi ukuthola ukuthi une-allergic rhinitis yini.

Izimpawu ze-rhinitis engekho i-allergic zivame ukuza futhi zihambe unyaka wonke. Izimpawu zakho zingafaka:

• Ikhala noma iphunga eliqabukile.
• Ukukhipha.
• Ukhulu emgqeni.
• Ukukhokha.

I-rhinitis engekho i-allergic ngokuvamile ayibangeli iphunga, amehlo noma umgqomo olukhuba. Leso simpawu sihambisana nezifo ezinjenge-hay fever.

Bona uhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma:

• Unezimpawu ezinzima.
• Awuphulukanga ngemithi yasekhaya noma imithi oyithengile esitolo ngaphandle kwesiphakamiso.
• Unemiphumela emibi yemithi.

Imbangela eqondile yerhinitis engayona eyokuxinana ayaziwa.

Kodwa ochwepheshe bayazi ukuthi i-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi ekhathini ikhula. Le mithambo yegazi igcwalisa inyama ehlanganisa ingaphakathi lekhala. Izinto eziningi zingabangela lokhu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuphela kwamandla ezinzwa ekhathini kungase kuphendule kubangela kalula kakhulu.

Kodwa noma yikuphi ukubangela kuletha umphumela ofanayo: ukukhula ngaphakathi ekhathini, ukuvimbela noma ukhulu lwe-mucus.

Izimbangela ze-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana zingafaka:

• Izinto eziphazamisayo emoyeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi uthuli, umoya ongaphansi kanye nokutshaya ugwayi. Izinongo ezinamandla njengezinto zokunambitha nazo zingabangela izimpawu ukuqala. Ngakho kungaba ukuphefumula kwezinto ezikhiqizwayo, kufaka phakathi ukuphefumula kwezinto ezithile abasebenzi abangase baphawulwe yizo emisebenzini yabo.
• Isimo sezulu. Ukushintsha kokushisa noma ukunambitheka kungabangela ukukhula ekugqokeni ekhathini. Lokhu kungabangela ikhala elikhahlelayo noma elivimbekile.
• Ukutheleleka. Ukugula okubangelwa yi-virus kuvame ukubangela i-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukubanda noma isifo sikagwayi.
• Ukudla neziphuzo. I-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana ingenzeka lapho udle. Ukudla okushisayo noma okunamandla yizimbangela eziyinhloko. Ukuphuza utshwala nakho kungabangela inyama ehlanganisa ingaphakathi lekhala ukukhula. Lokhu kungabangela ikhala elivimbekile.
• Imithi ethile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-aspirin ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, nabanye). Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi ephezulu njenge-beta blockers nayo ingabangela izimpawu.

Imithi enomphumela ozolile, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-sedatives, nayo ingabangela i-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana. Ngakho kungaba imithi yokucindezeleka. Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kanye nemithi ephawula ukungasebenzi kahle kokuma kwesilwane nayo ingabangela izimpawu. Futhi ukusebenzisa i-spray noma amaconsi okukhulula i-congestion ekhathini kaningi kakhulu kungabangela uhlobo lwe-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana ebizwa ngokuthi yi-rhinitis medicamentosa.

• Ukushintsha kwamahomoni. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokukhulelwa, izikhathi noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokulawula ukubeletha. Izinkinga zamahomoni ezingase zibangele i-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana zifaka phakathi isimo esenzeka lapho i-gland ye-thyroid ingenzi i-hormone ye-thyroid eyanele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hypothyroidism.
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nokulala. Ukulala ngemuva ngenkathi ulala kungabangela i-rhinitis engayona eyokuxinana. Ukubuyela emuva kwe-acid okwenzeka ebusuku nakho kungaba imbangela.

Izinto ezingakwenza ube nethuba elikhulu lokubamba i-rhinitis engekho i-allergic zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphefumula izinhlobo ezithile zomoya ongcolile. I-smog, ukukhishwa komoya kanye nokubhema utshaba yizinto ezimbalwa ezingandisa ingozi ye-rhinitis engekho i-allergic.
• Ukuba ukhulu kunama-20 ubudala. Abantu abaningi ababamba i-rhinitis engekho i-allergic baneminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu. Lokho kwenza ihluke kwi-rhinitis eyi-allergic, abantu bavame ukuyiba uma beneminyaka engaphansi kwama-20.
• Ukusebenzisa ama-sprays noma ama-drops emakhanda isikhathi eside. Ungasebenzisi ama-decongestant drops noma ama-sprays athengiswa ezitolo i-oxymetazoline (Afrin, Dristan, nabanye) ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukufumba ekhanda noma ezinye izimpawu zingaba zimbi uma i-decongestant iphela. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-rebound congestion.
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuba ne-periods. Ukufumba ekhanda kuvame ukuba sibi ngalesi sikhathi ngenxa yokushintsha kwamahomoni.
• Ukuvezwa emakhazeni emsebenzini. Kweminye imisebenzi, amakhaza ezinto ezisetshenziswayo angabangela i-rhinitis engekho i-allergic. Ezinye izinto ezivame ukubangela lokhu zihlanganisa izinto zokwakha kanye nezikemikhali. Amakhaza e-compost nawo angaba yimbangela.
• Ezinye izinkinga zempilo. Ezinye izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside zingabangela i-rhinitis engekho i-allergic noma ziyenza ibe sibi. Lezi zihlanganisa i-diabetes nenkinga eyenzeka uma i-thyroid gland ingenzi i-thyroid hormone eyanele.

I-rhinitis engenayo i-allergy ingahlotshaniswa noku:

• Ama-polyp emakhaleni. Lawo yizikhumba ezithambile ezakha emathinini ahlanganisa ingaphakathi lekhala. Ama-polyp angakha futhi emathinini ahlanganisa izindawo ezikhona emakhaleni nasekhanda, okuthiwa yi-sinuses. Ama-polyp abangelwa ukukhula, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukutheleleka. Awukona umdlavuza. Ama-polyp amancane angase angabangeli izinkinga. Kodwa amaningi angavimba ukugeleza komoya ngekhala. Lokho kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
• I-Sinusitis. Lokhu ukukhula kwama-sinuses. Ukungcola isikhathi eside ekhaleni ngenxa ye-rhinitis engenayo i-allergy kungandisa ingozi ye-sinusitis.
• Ubunzima empilweni yansuku zonke. I-rhinitis engenayo i-allergy ingase ithonye umsebenzi wakho noma amamaki esikoleni. Ungase futhi udinga ukuthatha isikhathi xa izimpawu zakho zikhula noma lapho udinga ukuhlolwa.

Uma une-rhinitis engayona i-allergic, thatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa izimpawu zakho nokuvimbela ukubhebhetheka:

• Funda izinto ezikuphazamisayo. Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho noma ezenza zibe zimbi. Ngaleyo ndlela ungazigwema. Umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo angakusiza ukuba ufunde izinto ezikuphazamisayo.
• Ungayisebenzisi isikhathi eside kakhulu imishanguzo yokuqeda ukuvuvukala ekhaleni. Ukusebenzisa le miyekezo ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngesikhathi kungenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi.
• Thola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Uma uzama imithi engakusizi ngokwanele, xoxa nodokotela wakho. Kungadingeka kwenziwe ushintsho ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo cishe uzokunika ukuhlolwa komzimba bese ekubuzela ngezimpawu zakho. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini okungaphandle kwe-rhinitis engayona i-allergic ebangela izimpawu zakho.

Ungaba ne-rhinitis engayona i-allergic uma:

Kwezinye izimo, umhlinzeki wakho angase akufanele uzama imithi ukuze abone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziphulukana yini.

Ukuqabuka kuvame ukubangela izimpawu ezinjengokuqhekeza nokuphahlazeka, khona iphunga. Amanye amaviki angasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izimpawu zakho azibangelwa yukuqabuka. Ungase udinga ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma igazi.

Ngezinye izikhathi, izimpawu zingabangelwa yi-allergic kanye nezinye izinto ezingayona i-allergic.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzofuna futhi ukuthola ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibangelwa yinkinga yesinus. Ungase udinga ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukuze uhlole ama-sinus akho.

• Unephunga elivalekile.

• Ikhona iphunga noma ukhulu olugeleza phansi komlomo wakho.

• Ukuhlolwa kwezinye izinkinga zempilo akutholi izimbangela ezinjengokuqabuka noma inkinga yesinus.

• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Isikhumba siqotshelwa futhi sibekwa ezingxenyeni ezincane ze-allergens ezivamile ezitholakala emoyeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinambuzane ezincane, ukhula, i-pollen, kanye ne-dander yekati nejazi. Uma uqabuka kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu, cishe uzothola i-bump ephakeme lapho isikhumba sakho siqotshelwe khona. Uma ungaqabuki, isikhumba sakho ngeke sibe nezinguquko.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ilebhu ingahlola isampula legazi lakho ukuze ithole ukuthi uqabuka yini. Ilebhu ihlola amazinga aphezulu amaprotheni abizwa ngama-immunoglobulin E antibodies. Lokhu kungakhulula amakhemikhali abangela izimpawu zokuqabuka.

• I-Nasal endoscopy. Lolu hlolo luhlola ama-sinus ngesixhobo esincinyane esina-khamera ekupheleni. Lesi sixhobo sibizwa nge-endoscope. I-endoscope idluliselwa nge-nostrils ukuze ibuke ngaphakathi ekhanda.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-computed tomography (CT). Lolu hlolo lusebenzisa i-X-rays ukwenza izithombe zama-sinus. Izithombe ziyinkimbinkimbi kunezo ezenziwe yi-X-ray exams evamile.

Ukwelapha i-rhinitis engayona eyokuxhaphaza kuya ngokuthi ikukhathaza kangakanani. Ukwelapha ekhaya nokugwema izinto ezikuphazamisayo kungase kube ngokwanele ezimweni ezincane. Imithi inganciphisa izimpawu ezimbi. Lezi zihlanganisa:

Imifino ye-antihistamine yempumulo. I-antihistamines iwelapha izinkinga eziningi zempilo, kuhlanganise nokuqabukela. Imifino ye-antihistamine yempumulo inganciphisa izimpawu ze-rhinitis engayona eyokuxhaphaza. Umhlinzeki wakho angakubhalela iresiphi evumela ukuthi uthenge lo mnyombo wokufaka empumulweni kwifamaki. Le mifino ihlanganisa i-azelastine (Astepro, Astepro Allergy) noma i-olopatadine hydrochloride (Patanase).

I-antihistamines ethathwa ngomlomo ngokuvamile ayisebenzi kahle kwi-rhinitis engayona eyokuxhaphaza njengoba isebenza kwi-rhinitis yokuxhaphaza. Le antihistamines ihlanganisa i-diphenhydramine (Benadryl), i-cetirizine (Zyrtec Allergy), i-fexofenadine (Allegra Allergy) ne-loratadine (Alavert, Claritin).

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase aphakamise ukuhlinzwa ukuze aphathe ezinye izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-rhinitis engayona eyokuxhaphaza. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhula empumulweni okubizwa ngama-polyps kungase kudingeke ukususwa. Ukuhlinzwa kungalungisa futhi inkinga lapho udonga oluqhelelane phakathi kwezindawo empumulweni lungaphandle noma lugobile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-deviated septum.

• Imifino yempumulo ye-saline. I-saline iyinhlanganisela yomunyu namanzi. Imifino yempumulo ye-saline ikusiza ukufaka umswakama empumulweni. Iphinde isize ukunciphisa ukhulu futhi iduduze insimbi ehlanganisa ngaphakathi kwempumulo. Ungathenga imifino yempumulo ye-saline esitolo. Kodwa-ke, indlela yasekhaya eyaziwa ngokuthi ukugcoba impumulo kungase kusebenze kangcono. Kuhilela ukusebenzisa inani elikhulu le-saline noma inhlanganisela yamanzi oluhlaza ukuze kuhlanzwe izinto eziphazamisayo nokhulu.

• Imifino ye-antihistamine yempumulo. I-antihistamines iwelapha izinkinga eziningi zempilo, kuhlanganise nokuqabukela. Imifino ye-antihistamine yempumulo inganciphisa izimpawu ze-rhinitis engayona eyokuxhaphaza. Umhlinzeki wakho angakubhalela iresiphi evumela ukuthi uthenge lo mnyombo wokufaka empumulweni kwifamaki. Le mifino ihlanganisa i-azelastine (Astepro, Astepro Allergy) noma i-olopatadine hydrochloride (Patanase).

  I-antihistamines ethathwa ngomlomo ngokuvamile ayisebenzi kahle kwi-rhinitis engayona eyokuxhaphaza njengoba isebenza kwi-rhinitis yokuxhaphaza. Le antihistamines ihlanganisa i-diphenhydramine (Benadryl), i-cetirizine (Zyrtec Allergy), i-fexofenadine (Allegra Allergy) ne-loratadine (Alavert, Claritin).

• Imifino yempumulo ye-ipratropium. Le mifino yokuqapha inganciphisa impumulo ephumayo, ephumayo. Imiphumela emibi ingaba ukopha kwempumulo nokomile ngaphakathi kwempumulo.

• I-Decongestants. Le mithi iyancipha imithambo yegazi empumulweni futhi inciphisa ukungaphefumuli. Imiphumela emibi ingaba ukuphakama kwegazi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokukhathazeka. I-Decongestants ingathengwa ezitolo noma ngeresiphu. Izibonelo zihlanganisa imithi ene-pseudoephedrine (Sudafed 24 Hour) ne-phenylephrine.

• Ama-Steroids. Le mithi iyasiza ukuvimbela nokwelapha ukukhuluka okuhlotshaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-rhinitis engayona eyokuxhaphaza. Imiphumela emibi ingaba impumulo noma umlomo owomile, ukopha kwempumulo, nobuhlungu ekhanda. Umhlinzeki wakho angase aphakamise imifino yempumulo ye-steroid uma i-decongestants noma i-antihistamines ingalawuli izimpawu zakho. Imifino ye-steroid ongayithenga esitolo ihlanganisa i-fluticasone (Flonase Allergy Relief) ne-triamcinolone (Nasacort Allergy 24 Hour). Imifino ye-steroid eqinile ingabhalwa.

Zama lezi zeluleko ukuqeda izimpawu ze-rhinitis engekho i-allergic:

Hlambulula ngaphakathi kwempumulo. Ukugeza impumulo ngamanzi ane-saline noma ingxube yamanzi oluhlaza okwelanga elenziwe ekhaya kungasiza. Kusebenza kangcono uma ukwenza nsuku zonke. Ungafaka ingxube kwisiringi se-bulb noma esitsheni esibizwa nge-neti pot. Noma ungasebenzisa ibhodlela lokucindezela eliku-kits ze-saline.

Ukuvimbela izifo, sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile, aphethwe ngokomthamo, abilisiwe futhi apholile, noma ahlanzwe. Uma uhlanza amanzi e-tap, sebenzisa i-filter enobubanzi be-pore elingu-1 micron noma ngaphansi. Hlambulula idivayisi ngemva kokusebenzisa ngamanzi afanayo. Shiya idivayisi ivulekile ukuba yome emoyeni.

Engeza ubumnandi emoyeni. Uma umoya ekhaya lakho noma ehhovisi ukhulu, faka idivayisi yokufaka ubumnandi lapho usebenza khona noma ulele. Landela imiyalelo yedivayisi yokuyihlambulula.

Noma ungaphefumula umusi ovela eshawa elifudumele. Lokhu kusiza ekuqedeni u-mucus empumlweni. Kwenza nekhanda lizwakale lingabi nzima.

I-neti pot iyisitsha esiklanyelwe ukugeza umgodi wempumulo.

• Hlambulula ngaphakathi kwempumulo. Ukugeza impumulo ngamanzi ane-saline noma ingxube yamanzi oluhlaza okwelanga elenziwe ekhaya kungasiza. Kusebenza kangcono uma ukwenza nsuku zonke. Ungafaka ingxube kwisiringi se-bulb noma esitsheni esibizwa nge-neti pot. Noma ungasebenzisa ibhodlela lokucindezela eliku-kits ze-saline.

Ukuvimbela izifo, sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile, aphethwe ngokomthamo, abilisiwe futhi apholile, noma ahlanzwe. Uma uhlanza amanzi e-tap, sebenzisa i-filter enobubanzi be-pore elingu-1 micron noma ngaphansi. Hlambulula idivayisi ngemva kokusebenzisa ngamanzi afanayo. Shiya idivayisi ivulekile ukuba yome emoyeni.

• Phumula impumulo ngobumnene. Yenza lokhu njalo uma une-mucus eningi.
• Engeza ubumnandi emoyeni. Uma umoya ekhaya lakho noma ehhovisi ukhulu, faka idivayisi yokufaka ubumnandi lapho usebenza khona noma ulele. Landela imiyalelo yedivayisi yokuyihlambulula.

Noma ungaphefumula umusi ovela eshawa elifudumele. Lokhu kusiza ekuqedeni u-mucus empumlweni. Kwenza nekhanda lizwakale lingabi nzima.

• Phuza izinto ezinzima. Phuza amanzi amaningi, ijusi neti engekho i-caffeine. Lokhu kungasiza ekuqedeni u-mucus empumlweni. Gwema iziphuzo ezina-caffeine.