Oligodendroglioma
Uhlolojikelele
I-oligodendroglioma uhlobo lokukhula kwamaseli okuqala ebuchosheni noma emgqeni wamathambo. Lokhu kukhula, okubizwa ngokuthi i-tumor, kuqala emaseleni abizwa ngokuthi yi-oligodendrocytes. La maseli enza into evikela amaseli ezinzwa futhi isize ekusabalaleni kwemizwa kagesi ebuchosheni nasemgqeni wamathambo.
I-Oligodendroglioma ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala, kodwa ingahle ibe khona kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuhlushwa yizifo, izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu ekhanda, nobuthakathaka noma ukukhubazeka engxenyeni yomzimba. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka emzimbeni kuncike ezindaweni zebuchosheni noma emgqeni wamathambo ezithinteka yi-tumor.
Ukuphathwa kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa, uma kungenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa akunakwenzeka uma i-tumor isendaweni eyenza kube nzima ukuyifinyelela ngezinsimbi zokuhlinzwa. Kungenzeka kube khona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma i-tumor ingasuswa noma uma kungenzeka ibuye emuva kokuhlinzwa.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-oligodendroglioma zihlanganisa: Izinkinga zokulinganisela. Ukushintsha kokuziphatha. Izinkinga zememori. Ukungezwani ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba. Izinkinga zokukhuluma. Izinkinga zokucabanga ngokucacile. Ukuhlanza. Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe wezempilo uma unezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezikukhathazayo.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela
Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe wezempilo uma unezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezikukhathazayo.
Izimbangela
Imbangela ye-oligodendroglioma ivame ukungaziwa. Lobu buhlungu buqala njengokukhula kwamaseli ebuchosheni noma emithanjeni yomgogodla. Bukha kumaseli abizwa ngokuthi yi-oligodendrocytes. I-Oligodendrocytes iyasiza ekuvikeleni amaseli ezinzwa futhi iyasiza ekushayweni kwemiyalezo yamagetsi ebuchosheni. I-Oligodendroglioma kwenzeka lapho i-oligodendrocytes ithuthukisa ukushintsha kwe-DNA yayo. I-DNA yeselula igcina imiyalo eyalela iseli ukuthi yenze ini. Kumaseli aphilile, i-DNA inikeza imiyalo yokukhula nokukhula ngesivinini esibekiwe. Imiyalo iyalela amaseli ukuthi afe ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Kumaseli ebuhlungu, ukushintsha kwe-DNA kunikeza imiyalo ehlukile. Ukushintsha kutshela amaseli ebuhlungu ukuthi akhule futhi azale ngokushesha. Amaseli ebuhlungu angaqhubeka ephila lapho amaseli aphilile efa. Lokhu kubangela amaseli amaningi kakhulu. Amaseli ebuhlungu akha ukukhula okungase cindezele izingxenye eziseduze zobuchopho noma umgogodla njengoba ukukhula kukhula. Ngezinye izikhathi ukushintsha kwe-DNA kuguqula amaseli ebuhlungu abe yizicubu zekansa. Izicubu zekansa zingahlasela futhi zibhubhise izicubu zomzimba ezempilo.
Izici eziyingozi
Izimbangela ezingozi ze-oligodendroglioma zihlanganisa:
- Umlando wokubekwa emikhiqizweni yemisebe. Umlando wokubekwa emikhiqizweni yemisebe ekhanda nasehlombe ungandisa ingozi yomuntu.
- Ubudala obukhulu. Lobu buhlungu bungahle buvele kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Kodwa kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala abaseminyakeni engama-40 nama-50.
- Ulukhuni oluyimhlophe. I-Oligodendroglioma ivame kakhulu kubantu abamhlophe abangenawo umlando wase-Hispanic.
Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela i-oligodendroglioma.
Ukuxilongwa
Izivivinyo nezinqubo ezisetshenziswa ekutholeni i-oligodendroglioma zihlanganisa::
- Ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa. Phakathi nokwenziwa kokuhlolwa kwezinzwa, ubuzwa ngezimpawu zakho nezimpawu. Ukubona kwakho, ukuzwa, ibhalansi, ukuhlanganiswa, amandla kanye nezinzwa ziqalwa. Izinkinga kwenye noma ngaphezulu kwezindawo zingase zinikeze izinkomba ngengxenye yobuchopho eyingozi ebangelwa yi-tumor yobuchopho.
- Izivivinyo zokwakha izithombe. Izivivinyo zokwakha izithombe zingasiza ekuqondeni ukuthi i-tumor yobuchopho ikuphi nobukhulu bayo. I-MRI ivame ukusetshenziswa ekutholeni ama-tumor obukhondo. Ingase isetshenziswe ngezinhlobo ezikhethekile ze-MRI, njenge-functional MRI ne-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Ukususa isampula yethishu ukuze kuhlolwe. I-biopsy inqubo yokususa isampula encane yethishu evela ku-tumor ukuze kuhlolwe. Uma kungenzeka, isampula isuswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe i-tumor. Uma i-tumor ingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa, isampula ingase iqoqwe ngenhlanzi. Indlela esetshenziswayo ixhomeke esimweni sakho nendawo ye-tumor.
Isampula yethishu iya elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe. Izivivinyo zingabonisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamaseli ezihilelekile. Izivivinyo ezikhethekile zingabonisa ulwazi oluqondile ngamaseli e-tumor. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlolwa kungase kubukele izinguquko ezinto eziphilayo zamaseli e-tumor, okuthiwa yi-DNA. Imiphumela yenza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo liqonde i-prognosis yakho. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa lisebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuze lenze uhlelo lokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa
Ukwelapha i-oligodendroglioma kuhlanganisa:
- Ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isibopho. Umgomo wokuhinzwa ukususa ingxenye enkulu ye-oligodendroglioma ngangokunokwenzeka. Udokotela we-neurosurgeon, othiwa futhi ungudokotela wezinhlungu zobuchopho, usebenza ukuze asuswe isibopho ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu eziphilile zobuchopho. Enye indlela yokwenza lokhu ibizwa ngokuthi ukulinda ubuchopho obukhulu. Phakathi nalesi sihlobo sokuhlinzwa, uvuswa esimweni esifana nokuphumula. Udokotela angase abuze imibuzo futhi alandelele umsebenzi wobuchopho bakho njengoba uphendula. Lokhu kusiza ukukhombisa izingxenye ezibalulekile zobuchopho ukuze udokotela akwazi ukuzigwema.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zidingeke ngemva kokuhinzwa. Lezi zingase zinconywe uma kukhona amaseli esibopho asale noma uma kunengozi enkulu yokuthi isibopho sibuyele.
- I-Chemotherapy. I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa imithi enamandla ukubulala amaseli esibopho. I-Chemotherapy ivame ukusetshenziswa ngemva kokuhinzwa ukubulala noma yimaphi amaseli esibopho angase asale. Ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-radiation therapy noma ngemva kokuphela kwe-radiation therapy.
- I-Radiation therapy. I-Radiation therapy isebenzisa imisebe yamandla enamandla ukubulala amaseli esibopho. Amandla angase avela ku-X-rays, amaprotoni noma ezinye imithombo. Phakathi ne-radiation therapy, ulela etafuleni ngenkathi umshini uhamba-hamba ngawe. Umshini uthumela imisebe ezintweni ezithile ebuchopho bakho.
I-Radiation therapy ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ngemva kokuhinzwa futhi ingase ihlanganiswe ne-chemotherapy.
- Izivivinyo zeklinikhi. Izivivinyo zeklinikhi yizifundo zezindlela zokwelapha ezintsha. Lezi zifundo zikunika ithuba lokulinga izinketho zakamuva zokwelapha. Ingozi yemiphumela emibi ingase ingaziwa. Buza ilungu leqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ungabamba iqhaza ekuhlolweni kweklinikhi.
- Ukusekelwa kokunakekelwa. Ukusekelwa kokunakekelwa, okuthiwa futhi ukunakekelwa okuthambile, kugxila ekunikezeni impumuzo ebuhlungwini nakwezinye izimpawu zesifo esinzima. Ochwepheshe bokugcina abasebenza nawe, umndeni wakho namalungu eqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukunikeza ukwesekwa okwengeziwe. Ukusekelwa kokunakekelwa kungasetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy.
Ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isibopho. Umgomo wokuhinzwa ukususa ingxenye enkulu ye-oligodendroglioma ngangokunokwenzeka. Udokotela we-neurosurgeon, othiwa futhi ungudokotela wezinhlungu zobuchopho, usebenza ukuze asuswe isibopho ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu eziphilile zobuchopho. Enye indlela yokwenza lokhu ibizwa ngokuthi ukulinda ubuchopho obukhulu. Phakathi nalesi sihlobo sokuhlinzwa, uvuswa esimweni esifana nokuphumula. Udokotela angase abuze imibuzo futhi alandelele umsebenzi wobuchopho bakho njengoba uphendula. Lokhu kusiza ukukhombisa izingxenye ezibalulekile zobuchopho ukuze udokotela akwazi ukuzigwema.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zidingeke ngemva kokuhinzwa. Lezi zingase zinconywe uma kukhona amaseli esibopho asale noma uma kunengozi enkulu yokuthi isibopho sibuyele.
I-Radiation therapy. I-Radiation therapy isebenzisa imisebe yamandla enamandla ukubulala amaseli esibopho. Amandla angase avela ku-X-rays, amaprotoni noma ezinye imithombo. Phakathi ne-radiation therapy, ulela etafuleni ngenkathi umshini uhamba-hamba ngawe. Umshini uthumela imisebe ezintweni ezithile ebuchopho bakho.
I-Radiation therapy ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ngemva kokuhinzwa futhi ingase ihlanganiswe ne-chemotherapy.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.