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Amahloni Amehlo

Uhlolojikelele

I-presbyopia ukwehla kancane kancane kwamandla amehlo akho okugxila ezintweni eziseduze. Ingxenye yendalo, ehluphayo, yokuguga. I-presbyopia ivame ukuqaleka phakathi nawo-40 wakho okuqala kuya phakathi, bese iya ya kubi de kube sekupheleni kwawo-65. Ungase uqaphele i-presbyopia uma uqala ukubamba izincwadi namaphephandaba ngamakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukuwafunda. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo oluqondile kungakuqinisekisa i-presbyopia. Ungayilungisa le meko ngamagalasi noma ama-contact lenses. Ungase futhi ucabange ngokuhlinzwa.

Izimpawu

I-Presbyopia ithuthuka kancane kancane. Ungase uqale uqaphele lezi zibonakaliso nezimpawu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40: Ukuthambekela ekuthatheni izinto zokufunda kude ukuze uqonde kahle amagama Ukubona okungacace kangako ebukhoneni obuvamile bokufunda Ukuqina kwamehlo noma izikhathi zikhanda ngemuva kokufunda noma ukwenza umsebenzi oseduze Ungase uqaphele ukuthi lezi zimpawu zibi kakhulu uma ukhathele noma usesimweni esinamanga. Bheka udokotela wamehlo uma ukubona okungacace kangako eduze kukuvimbela ekufundeni, ekwenzeni umsebenzi oseduze noma ukujabulela ezinye zezinto ozijabulelayo. Ungamnika amandla ukuthi aqinisekise ukuthi une-presbyopia futhi akuqondise ngezinketho zakho. Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma: Ulahlekelwe ukubona ngeso elilodwa ngokuzumayo, kunoma ngabe kunenhlungu yamehlo noma cha Uhlangabezana nokubona okungacace kangako noma okungacace kangako ngokuzumayo Ubona ukukhanya okukhanya, amabala amnyama noma ama-halos ezibonelweni Une-double vision

Isikhathi sokubona udokotela

Bona udokotela weziso uma ukubona okungacace kangako eduze kukuvimbela ekufundeni, ekwenzeni umsebenzi oseduze noma ukujabulela ezinye zezinto ozijwayele. Yena angabona ukuthi uhlushwa yi-presbyopia yini futhi akuqondise ngezinketho onazo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma:

  • Ulahlekelwe ukubona ngeso elilodwa ngokuzumayo, nokuba kukhona ubuhlungu beliso noma cha
  • Ukubona kwakho kuqala kube yingxube okanye ukungacaci ngokuzumayo
  • Ubona ukukhanya okukhanya, amabala amnyama noma izingqimba ezizungezile izibani
  • Ubona okubili
Izimbangela

Iso lami liyisikoqo eliyinkimbinkimbi futhi elincane eilinganisa isentimitha ezingu-2.5 ubude. Lamukela izigidi zezingxenye zezindaba ngaphandle komhlaba, ezicutshungulwa ngokushesha ubuchopho bakho.

Ngesibono esijwayelekile, isithombe siqiniswe kahle ku-retina (isithombe esiphezulu). Uma une-presbyopia, i-lens yakho engaguquki ayilungisi ukugxilisa ukukhanya kahle, ngakho iphuzu lokugxila liwa ngemuva kwe-retina (isithombe esingezansi). Lokhu kwenza izinto eziseduze zibonakale zifihliwe.

Ukuze wakhe isithombe, iso lakho lithembela ku-cornea ne-lens ukuze ligxile ukukhanya okuvela ezintweni. Into eseduze, i-lens igoqa kakhulu.

  • I-cornea iyisigxobo esicacile, esinobukhulu obunjenge-dome phambi kweso lakho.
  • I-lens iyisikoqo esicacile esilingana nobukhulu nendlela ye-M&M's candy.
  • Zombili lezi zikoqo zigoba (zigxila) ukukhanya okungena esweni lakho ukuze zigxile isithombe ku-retina, etholakala odongeni olusemuva kweso lakho.

I-lens, ngokungafani ne-cornea, iyaguquguquka kancane futhi ingashintsha ukuma ngenxa yemisipha yomjikelezo eyiqophilayo. Uma ubheka into ekude, umsipha womjikelezo uphumula. Uma ubheka into eseduze, umsipha ucindezelwa, uvumela i-lens enhle ukuba igobile futhi ishintshe amandla ayo okugxila.

I-Presbyopia ibangelwa ukuqina kwe-lens yeso lakho, okuvela ngokuguga. Njengoba i-lens yakho ingasaguquguquki, ayikwazi ukushintsha ukuma ukuze igxile ezithombeni eziseduze. Ngenxa yalokho, lezi zithombe zibonakala zingagxilile.

Izici eziyingozi

Izici ezithile zingakwenza kube lula ukuthi uthuthukise i-presbyopia, okuhlanganisa:

  • Ubudala. Ubudala yisici esikhulu kakhulu sokungena kwe-presbyopia. Cishe wonke umuntu uhlangabezana nobunzima obuthile be-presbyopia ngemuva kweminyaka engu-40.
  • Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ukuba mkhulu noma ukuba nezifo ezithile — njengoshukela, i-multiple sclerosis noma izifo zohlelo lwezinhliziyo — kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-presbyopia ngokushesha, okuyi-presbyopia kubantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-40.
Ukuxilongwa

Udokotela wakho weziso cishe uzofaka amaconsi emehlweni akho ukuze aqhube izingane zakho ukuhlolwa kwempilo yamehlo. Lokhu kungenza amehlo akho abe nomphumela omkhulu wokukhanya amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa. Ukuqhuma kwenza udokotela wakho akwazi ukubona ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho kalula.

INhlangano YaseMelika Ye-Ophthalmology iphakamisa ukuthi abadala babe nokuhlolwa okuphelele kwamehlo njalo:

  • Iminyaka emihlanu kuya kwelishumi ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-40
  • Iminyaka emibili kuya kwemine phakathi kweminyaka engu-40 no-54
  • Unyaka owodwa kuya kwemithathu phakathi kweminyaka engu-55 no-64
  • Unyaka owodwa kuya kwemibili uqala eminyakeni engu-65

Ungase udinga ukuhlolwa okuvamile uma unezingozi zezifo zeziso noma udinga izibuko noma ama-contact lenses.

Ukwelashwa

Umgomo wokwelashwa ukubuyisela ukungakwazi kwamehlo akho ukugxila ezintweni eziseduze. Izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa ukugqoka izibuko zokulungisa (ama-lens ezibuko) noma ama-lens okuthinta, ukuhlinzwa kokuguqula, noma ukuthola ama-lens okuhlinzwa kwe-presbyopia.

Izibuko iyindlela elula, ephephile yokulungisa izinkinga zobona ezingcoliswe yi-presbyopia. Ungase ukwazi ukusebenzisa izibuko zokufunda ezingelona iresiphi (ezingezona ze-prescription) uma wawunobono oluhle, olungalungiswanga ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa i-presbyopia. Buza udokotela wakho wamehlo uma izibuko ezingelona iresiphi zilungile kuwe.

Eziningi zezibuko zokufunda ezingelona iresiphi zihluka amandla kusuka ku-+1.00 diopter (D) kuya ku-+3.00 D. Uma ukhetha izibuko zokufunda:

  • Zama amandla ahlukene kuze kube yilapho uthola ukukhuluphala okuvumela ukuba ufunde ngokunethezeka, uqale ngamandla aphansi
  • Hlola wonke amapayi ekufundeni okubekwe kude okunethezeka

Uzodinga ama-lens eresiphi ye-presbyopia uma izibuko ezingelona iresiphi zinganelisi noma uma usuvele udinga ama-lens okulungisa iresiphi ye-nearsightedness, i-farsightedness noma i-astigmatism. Izinketho zakho zihlanganisa:

  • Izibuko zokufunda iresiphi. Uma ungenazo ezinye izinkinga zobona, ungasebenzisa izibuko ezinelensi yokuqala yokufunda kuphela. Kuzodingeka uwasuse uma ungafundi.
  • Bifocals. La ma-lens anamuthi oqondile obonakalayo ohlukanisa iresiphi yakho yokuqala, ngaphezulu komugqa, kanye ne-prescription yakho yokufunda, ngaphansi komugqa.
  • Trifocals. Lezi zibuko zinezilungiso zomsebenzi oseduze, ukubona okude - njengoba kunjalo kuma-screen e-computer - nokubona okude. I-trifocals iza nemizila emibili eqondile ebonakalayo ema-lens.
  • I-progressive multifocals. Lo mnyango we-lens awunamigqa eqondile ebonakalayo, kodwa unemandla amaningi okulungisa okude, okude phakathi nokuseduze. Izindawo ezahlukene ze-lens zinamazinga ahlukene okugxila.
  • I-office progressives. La ma-lens anamalungiso okude kwe-computer nomsebenzi oseduze. Ngokuvamile uyawasebenzisa kwi-computer noma ekufundeni bese uwakhipha ukuze uqhube noma uhambe.

Abantu abangafuni ukugqoka izibuko bavame ukuzama ama-lens okuthinta ukuthuthukisa izinkinga zabo zobona ezingcoliswe yi-presbyopia. Le nketho ingase ingasebenzi kuwe uma unezimo ezithile ezihlobene namaphepha akho, ama-tear ducts noma ubuso bamehlo akho njenge-dry eye.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-lens ezitholakala:

  • Ama-lens okuthinta i-bifocal. Ama-lens okuthinta i-bifocal anikeza ukulungiswa okude nokuseduze kuwo wonke ama-contact. Kulo mnyango olulodwa lwe-lens ye-bifocal, ingxenye yokufunda ephansi ye-lens iqinile ukuze i-lens ibekwe kahle emehlweni akho. Izinhlobo ezintsha zama-lens okuthinta i-bifocal zinikeza uhlobo olulodwa lokulungisa ngezindlela (i-periphery) yawo wonke ama-lens kanye nohlobo olulodwa lokulungisa ngokusebenzisa isikhungo sama-lens.
  • Ama-lens okuthinta i-monovision. Ngokuthinta i-monovision, ugqoka i-lens yokubona okude emehlweni olulodwa (ngokuvamile iliso lakho elikhulu) kanye ne-lens yokubona okude kwenye iliso.
  • I-modified monovision. Nale nketho, ugqoka i-bifocal noma i-multifocal contact lens kwenye iliso kanye ne-lens yokuthinta ebekwe kude kwenye (ngokuvamile iliso lakho elikhulu). Usebenzisa womabili amehlo okude kanye nelinye iliso lokufunda.

Ukuhlinzwa kokuguqula kuguqula ukuma kwe-cornea yakho. Nge-presbyopia, le yokwelapha ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukubona okude emehlweni akho angeyona eyakho. Kufana nokugqoka ama-lens okuthinta i-monovision. Ngisho nangemuva kokuhlinzwa, ungase udinga ukusebenzisa izibuko zomsebenzi oseduze.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela emibi engenzeka, njengoba le nqubo ingabuyeli emuva. Ungase ufune ukuzama ama-lens okuthinta i-monovision isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekuhlinzweni.

Izindlela zokuhlinzwa kokuguqula zihlanganisa:

  • I-Conductive keratoplasty. Le nqubo isebenzisa amandla e-radiofrequency ukufaka ubushushu ezindaweni ezincane ezizungezile i-cornea. Ubushushu bubangela ukuba umugqa we-cornea ucindezele kancane, ukwandisa i-curve (ukukhuluphala) kanye nekhono lokugxila. Imiphumela ye-conductive keratoplasty iyahluka futhi ingase ingabi isikhathi eside.

  • I-Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Nale nqubo, udokotela wakho wamehlo uqeda i-flap ecwebezelayo, ehlanganisiwe evela phambi kweliso lakho. Ube esebenzisa i-laser ukususa izigaba zangaphakathi ze-cornea yakho ukuze aqinise ukuma lwayo olukhulu.

    Ukubuyiselwa ekuhlinzweni kwe-LASIK ngokuvamile kuyashesha futhi kuncane ubuhlungu kunokwelapha kwe-cornea okunye.

  • I-Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK). Udokotela wakha i-flap encane kakhulu kuphela ekuvikelweni kwangaphandle kwe-cornea (i-epithelium). Ube esebenzisa i-laser ukubumba kabusha izigaba zangaphandle ze-cornea, eqinisa i-curve yayo, bese ebuyisela i-epithelium.

  • I-Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Le nqubo ifana ne-LASEK, ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela ususa ngokuphelele i-epithelium, bese esebenzisa i-laser ukubumba kabusha i-cornea. I-epithelium ayibuyiselwa, kodwa izokhula kabusha ngokwemvelo, ivumelane nokuma okusha kwe-cornea yakho.

I-Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Nale nqubo, udokotela wakho wamehlo uqeda i-flap ecwebezelayo, ehlanganisiwe evela phambi kweliso lakho. Ube esebenzisa i-laser ukususa izigaba zangaphakathi ze-cornea yakho ukuze aqinise ukuma lwayo olukhulu.

Ukubuyiselwa ekuhlinzweni kwe-LASIK ngokuvamile kuyashesha futhi kuncane ubuhlungu kunokwelapha kwe-cornea okunye.

Abanye oogqirha bamehlo basebenzisa inqubo lapho basusa khona i-lens kuwo wonke amehlo bese beyibuyisela nge-lens ye-synthetic. Lokhu kubizwa nge-intraocular lens.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-lens okuhlinzwa ezitholakala zokulungisa i-presbyopia. Ezinye ziyavumela iliso lakho ukuba libone izinto eziseduze nasekude. Ezinye ziguqula isikhundla noma ukuma ngaphakathi kweliso (i-lens yokulungisa). Kodwa ama-lens okuhlinzwa angabangela ukwehla ekuboneni kwakho okude, futhi ungase usadinga izibuko zokufunda.

Imiphumela emibi engenzeka ihlanganisa ukukhanya nokubuyisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi uthwala nezingozi ezifanayo nalezo ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract, njengokuvuvukala, ukutheleleka, ukuphuza igazi ne-glaucoma.

Abanye abantu baye baphumelela ngokwelashwa kwe-presbyopia okuhilela ukufaka iringi encane yepulasitiki enomgodi ophakathi, e-cornea yeliso elilodwa. Umgodi usebenza njengekhamera yephini futhi uvumela ukukhanya okugxile ukuze ukwazi ukubona izinto eziseduze.

Uma ungawuthandi umphumela wenqubo yakho ye-corneal inlay, udokotela wakho wamehlo angasusa ama-rings, ekushiya ukhululekile ukucabangela ezinye izinketho zokwelapha.

Ikheli: 506/507, 1st Main Rd, Murugeshpalya, K R Garden, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560075

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.

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