Uluhlaza Lwe-Type 2? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Uluhlaza lwe-type 2 luvela uma umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngokufanele noma awenzi ngokwanele. Lokhu kubangela ushukela ukuba ubuyekeze egazini lakho esikhundleni sokusetshenziswa njengamandla.

Cabanga nge-insulin njengesihluthulelo esivula amangqamuzana akho ukuze ushukela ungena futhi ugcwalise umzimba wakho. Ngohlaza lwe-type 2, noma isihluthulelo asisebenzi kahle noma awunaso izikhiye ezanele. Lokhu kuchaphazela izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lilawuleka kakhulu ngendlela efanele.

Iyini Uluhlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Uluhlaza lwe-type 2 yisimo esingapheli lapho amazinga akho eshukela egazini ehlala aphezulu kunokujwayelekile. I-pancreas yakho yenza i-insulin, kodwa amangqamuzana omzimba wakho aba nawo ukumane. Noma i-pancreas yakho ayikhi ngokwanele.

Ngokungafani nohlaza lwe-type 1, oluqala ngokuvamile ebuntwaneni, uhlaza lwe-type 2 luvela ngokuvamile kubantu abadala. Noma kunjalo, luyaqala ukwanda kubantu abasebancane. Isimo sithuthuka kancane kancane, ngokuvamile eminyakeni eminingi, okusho ukuthi abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi balinawo ekuqaleni.

Umzimba wakho udinga i-glucose yamandla, futhi i-insulin iyasiza ukususa le glucose egazini lakho iye emangqamuzaneni akho. Uma lolu hlelo lungasebenzi kahle, i-glucose iqoqana egazini lakho, okubangela ukuphazamiseka kwezempilo uma ingalashwa.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zoluhlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Izimpawu zoluhlaza lwe-type 2 zivame ukuvela kancane kancane, futhi ungase ungaziboni ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi bahlala nalesi simo izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ngaphambi kokuthi baqaphele.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukomela okukhulu nokuphuma kwesisu njalo, ikakhulu ebusuku
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki naphezu kokudla ngokujwayelekile
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo nokukhathala usuku lonke
• Ukubona okungacaci okuza nokuhamba
• Ukuphulukiswa kancane kwezicucu, ukweluka, noma ukutheleleka
• Ukukhahlela noma ukungabi namandla ezandleni noma ezinyaweni
• Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo kwesikhumba, ama-gum, noma i-bladder
• Ukomela okukhulu, ngisho nangemuva kokudla

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile njengokuqina okumnyama kwesikhumba ezinweleni noma ezingalweni, okuthiwa yi-acanthosis nigricans. Abanye bangase baphawule ukuthi ukubona kwabo kuguquka njalo noma bazizwe bethukuthele kakhulu.

Khumbula, ukuba nesimpawu esisodwa noma ezimbili akusikho ukuthi une-diabetes ngokuzenzakalelayo. Noma kunjalo, uma uhlangabezana nezibonakaliso eziningi zalezi, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze uhlolwe kahle.

Ziyini Izimbangela Zoluhlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Uluhlaza lwe-type 2 luvela uma umzimba wakho uba nawo ukumane i-insulin noma i-pancreas yakho ingakhi i-insulin eyanele ukuze ugcine amazinga eshukela egazini ajwayelekile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuxubana kwezinto ezisebenza ndawonye isikhathi eside.

Izinto eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekuthuthukiseni uhlaza lwe-type 2:

• I-genetics nomlando womndeni wohlaza lweswekile
• Ukuba ngumkhulu noma ukukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngasezingxenyeni
• Ukusebenza okungekho kahle komzimba nendlela yokuphila ehlala ihleli
• Iminyaka, ikakhulukazi ukuba ukhulu kunama-45
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu noma amazinga e-cholesterol angavamile
• Umlando wohlaza lweswekile lesisu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) kwabesifazane
• Izizwe ezithile, kufaka phakathi ama-Afrika America, ama-Hispanic, ama-Native American, noma ama-Asia America

Izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa imithi ethile efana ne-steroids noma imithi ethile ye-psychiatric, izinkinga zokulala njenge-sleep apnea, noxinzelelo oluqhubekayo oluchaphazela amazinga akho ehormone. Abanye abantu nabo bathuthukisa uhlaza lweswekile ngemuva kwezifo ze-pancreatic noma ukuhlinzwa.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi uhlaza lwe-type 2 alubangelwa ukudla ushukela omningi kuphela. Nakuba ukudla kudlala indima, ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuxubana kokuthambekela kwe-genetic nezinto zendlela yokuphila eholela kulesi simo.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngohlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ukuxubana kwezimpawu zoluhlaza lweswekile, ikakhulu uma ziqhubeka amasonto amaningi. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kungavimbela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Hlela i-appointment ngokushesha uma uqaphela ukuphuma kwesisu njalo, ukomela okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki, noma ukukhathala okuqhubekayo. Lezi ngokuvamile zizimpawu zokuqala zokuthi kukhona okudinga ukunakekelwa.

Kufanele uphinde uhlolwe uma unezingozi ezifana nomlando womndeni wohlaza lweswekile, ukuba ngumkhulu, noma ukuba ukhulu kunama-45. Odokotela abaningi bancoma ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngisho noma ungenawo izimpawu uma unesongo olukhulu.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu njengokudideka, ubunzima bokuqeda umoya, ukugabha okuqhubekayo, noma ukufunda kweswekela egazini ngaphezu kwama-400 mg/dL uma une-glucose meter. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuphazamiseka okukhulu okuthiwa yi-diabetic ketoacidosis.

Ziyini Izingozi Zoluhlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula uhlaza lwe-type 2. Ezinye ungazilawula ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, kanti ezinye, njenge-genes zakho, awukwazi ukuzishintsha.

Izingozi ongazithonya zihlanganisa:

• Isisindo, ikakhulukazi amanoni esiswini esiningi
• Izinga lokusebenza komzimba nemikhuba yokuzivocavoca
• Ukukhetha ukudla, ikakhulukazi ukudla okuhlanganisiwe neziphuzo ezinoshukela
• Ukubhema nokusebenzisa utshaba
• Ukuphumula okulala nobude
• Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka nempilo yengqondo

Izingozi ongenakuzishintsha zihlanganisa:

• Iminyaka, ngengozi eyenzeka ngemuva kwama-45
• Umlando womndeni nokuthembela kwe-genetic
• Ubuzwe nobuzwe
• Umlando wohlaza lweswekile lesisu
• Ukuba ubelethe ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwamapounds angu-9

Ukuqonda izingozi zakho kuzokusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuba enze uhlelo lokuvimbela. Ngisho noma unezingozi eziningi, ukwenza izinguquko ezempilo zendlela yokuphila kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okukhula uhlaza lwe-type 2.

Ziyini Iziphazamiseko Ezingaba khona Zoluhlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Uluhlaza lwe-type 2 lungabangela izinkinga zezempilo ezinkulu uma amazinga eshukela egazini ehlala aphezulu isikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, ukuphathwa okuhle kohlaza lweswekile kungavimbela noma kulibale izinkinga eziningi zalezi.

Iziphazamiseko ezivamile ezingathuthuka zihlanganisa:

• Isifo senhliziyo nokushaya kwesikhathi ngenxa yezinsimbi zegazi ezilimele
• Isifo sezinso esingathuthuka sibe yinkinga yezinso
• Izinkinga zamehlo, kufaka phakathi i-diabetic retinopathy nokukhubazeka kokubona
• Ukonakala kwama-nerve, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni nasezandleni
• Ukugijima okubi kwegazi okuholela ekuphulukiseni kancane kwesilonda
• Izinkinga zezinyawo, kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka nokukhipha izinyawo
• Isimo sesikhumba nokutheleleka okuvamile
• Izinkinga zokuzwa nesifo lama-dental

Iziphazamiseko ezingavamile kodwa ezinkulu zihlanganisa i-diabetic coma evela eshukelini egazini eliphezulu kakhulu, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, nokukhuluphala kengozi ye-Alzheimer's disease. Abanye abantu nabo bathuthukisa i-gastroparesis, lapho isisu liqeda kancane kakhulu.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi ukugcina ukulawulwa okuhle kweswekela egazini kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yalezi ziphazamiseko. Abantu abaningi abane-diabetes bahlala impilo egcwele, enempilo ngokulawula isimo sabo ngokuphumelelayo.

Uluhlaza Lwe-Type 2 Lungavikeleka Kanjani?

Uluhlaza lwe-type 2 luvimbeka kakhulu ngokukhetha impilo enempilo. Ngisho noma unezingozi ezifana nomlando womndeni, unganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okukhula lesi simo.

Nazi izindlela ezibonakalisiwe zokuvimbela uhlaza lwe-type 2:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo ngokudla okulinganiselayo nokulawula izingxenye
• Zivocavoca njalo, uqonde okungenani imizuzu engu-150 yomsebenzi ophakathi nsuku zonke
• Khetha ama-grains aphelele, izithelo, imifino, namaprotheni ahlanzekile
• Khawukhawuleli ukudla okuhlanganisiwe, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, nama-carbohydrates ahlanziwe
• Ungabhemi, futhi khawukhawuleli ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Thola ukulala okwanele, ngokuvamile amahora angu-7-9 ngobusuku
• Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula noma ukwelashwa
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwezempilo okujwayelekile nokukhangwa

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukulahlekelwa okungenani ama-5-10% wesisindo somzimba kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yohlaza lweswekile ngesigamu. Awudingi ukwenza izinguquko ezikhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuthuthuka okuncane, okuqhubekayo emikhumbeni yakho yansuku zonke kungenza umehluko omkhulu isikhathi eside.

Uluhlaza Lwe-Type 2 Lutholakala Kanjani?

Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningi ukuthola uhlaza lwe-type 2. Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa ukuthi ushukela omningi kangakanani egazini lakho nokuthi umzimba wakho usebenza kanjani i-glucose.

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuxilonga kuhlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokudla okusheshayo ngemuva kokungadli amahora angu-8-12
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokudla okungahleliwe okuthathwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku
• Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose emlonyeni okulandela ushukela egazini ngaphambi nangemuva kokuphuza isisombululo se-glucose
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hemoglobin A1C okubonisa ushukela egazini ophakathi kwamahora angu-2-3

Udokotela wakho angase aphinde ahlole i-ketones emathisini akho futhi enze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze akhiphe uhlaza lwe-type 1 noma ezinye izimo. Bazophinde baqale ukuhlolwa okungavamile ngosuku oluhlukile ukuze baqinisekise ukuxilongwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1C kuwusizo kakhulu ngoba akudingi ukudla futhi kunikeza umbono obanzi wokulawulwa kweswekela egazini lakho. I-A1C engu-6.5% noma ngaphezulu ngokuvamile ibonisa uhlaza lweswekile, kanti i-5.7-6.4% isikisela i-prediabetes.

Iyini Ukwelapha Uluhlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Ukuphathwa kohlaza lwe-type 2 kugxile ekugcineni amazinga eshukela egazini aseduze nokujwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luzokwenziwa ngokwezidingo zakho, isimo sempilo, nendlela yokuphila.

Ukuphathwa ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa:

• Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kufaka phakathi ukulungiswa kokudla nokuzivocavoca okujwayelekile
• Ukuqapha iswekela egazini nge-glucose meter
• Imithi efana ne-metformin ukusiza ukulawula iswekela egazini
• Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezokwelapha nokuhlolwa kwelebhu
• Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka kwegazi ne-cholesterol
• Izinhlelo zokufundisa nokusekela i-diabetes

Abanye abantu bangadinga ukudutshulwa kwe-insulin uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zinganelisi ukulawula iswekela labo egazini. Imithi emisha efana ne-GLP-1 agonists ingasiza kokubili ukulawula iswekela egazini nokuphathwa kwesisindo.

Udokotela wakho uzohlangana nawe ukusetha amazinga eswekela egazini okuhlosiwe futhi alungise ukwelapha kwakho njengoba kudingeka. Umgomo ukunqanda ukuphazamiseka ngenkathi ugcina ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Ungazinakekela Kanjani Ekhaya Ngohlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Ukuphathwa kohlaza lwe-type 2 ekhaya kuhlanganisa imikhuba yansuku zonke esiza ekugcineni iswekela lakho egazini lizinzile. Ukuzinza emkhumbeni wakho kwenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ozizwa ngayo nempilo yakho yesikhathi eside.

Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke kuhlanganisa:

• Qapha iswekela lakho egazini njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho
• Thatha imithi ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke
• Dle izindlela zokudla eziqondile ngezinga elilinganayo le-carbohydrate
• Hlala usebenza ngokomzimba ngokuhamba, ukubhukuda, noma ezinye izivivinyo ozithandayo
• Hlola izinyawo zakho nsuku zonke ukuze ubone izicucu, ama-sores, noma izinguquko
• Gcina irekhodi lokufunda kweswekela egazini, imithi, nendlela ozizwa ngayo
• Hlala uthambile futhi uthole ukulala okwanele
• Yenza uhlelo lwezinsuku ezigula lapho iswekela egazini lingase libe nzima ukulawula

Funda ukuqaphela izimpawu zeswekela egazini eliphezulu neliphansi ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isinyathelo ngokushesha. Gcina ama-glucose tablets noma ama-carbohydrates asebenza ngokushesha uma iswekela lakho egazini liwa kakhulu.

Ukukwakha inethiwekhi yokusekela yomndeni, abangane, nabaphakeli bezempilo kuzokusiza uhlale ukhuthele futhi ube nomthwalo wemfanelo. Cabanga ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela i-diabetes noma umphakathi ku-inthanethi ukuze uthole ukukhuthazwa okwengeziwe.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani I-Appointment Yakho Yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ama-appointments akho e-diabetes kuzokusiza uthole okuningi ngesikhathi sakho neqembu lakho lezempilo. Ukulungiselela okuhle kuholela ekunakekelweni okuhle futhi kuzokusiza uzizwe ukhulu ngokulawula isimo sakho.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho:

• Letha i-log yeswekela lakho egazini ne-glucose meter
• Bala yonke imithi, izithasiselo, nama-vitamins owayethatha
• Bhala imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ofuna ukukuxoxa ngakho
• Qaphela izimpawu noma izinguquko ozibonile
• Letha uhlu lwabanye odokotela obabona
• Cabanga ngokuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuze uthole ukusekelwa

Cabanga ngemigomo yakho nokuthi ufuna ukufeza ini ngokulawulwa kohlaza lweswekile. Yiba eqotho ngezinselele ozibhekene nazo ngokudla, ukuzivocavoca, noma ukuthatha imithi.

Ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo nganoma yini ongayiqondi. Iqembu lakho lezempilo lilapho ukuze likusize uphumelele, futhi ayikho imibuzo encane noma eyiwula.

Yini Okubalulekile Ngohlaza Lwe-Type 2?

Uluhlaza lwe-type 2 yisimo esilawuleka esiphila ngaso izigidi zabantu ngempumelelo. Nakuba kudinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, ungagcina impilo enhle futhi unqande ukuphazamiseka ngokunakekelwa okuhle.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi unokuqondisa okukhulu ngemiphumela yakho ye-diabetes. Imikhuba yansuku zonke eqhubekayo njengokudla kahle, ukuhlala usebenza, ukuthatha imithi njengoba kunconywe, nokuqapha iswekela lakho egazini kwenza umehluko omkhulu.

Sebenzani eduze neqembu lakho lezempilo ukwenza uhlelo lokuphathwa oluhambisana nempilo yakho nemigomo. Ngendlela efanele, ungaqhubeka wenza izinto ozithandayo ngenkathi ugcina uhlaza lweswekile lwakho lulawulwa kahle.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphathwa kohlaza lweswekile yimigijimi, hhayi ukugijima. Yiba nomonde ngawe njengoba ufunda futhi ulungise imikhuba emisha. Izinyathelo ezincane, eziqhubekayo phambili ziyohlela impilo engcono nokuthula kwengqondo isikhathi eside.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngohlaza Lwe-Type 2

Ingabuyekeza yini noma iphiliswe uhlaza lwe-type 2?

Uluhlaza lwe-type 2 alunakuphiliswa, kodwa lungangena ekuphumuleni lapho amazinga eshukela egazini ebuya ekujwayelekile ngaphandle kwemithi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokulahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu, ukushintsha kokudla, nokukhuluphala kokuzivocavoca. Noma kunjalo, ukuthambekela kohlaza lweswekile kuyahlala khona, ngakho ukugcina lezi zinguquko zendlela yokuphila kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukubuya kwalo.

Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikugweme ngohlaza lwe-type 2?

Awudingi ukugwema ngokuphelele noma yikuphi ukudla, kodwa khawukhawuleli ushukela ohlanziwe, ukudla okuhlanganisiwe, isinkwa esimhlophe, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, nokudla okunamafutha amaningi. Gxila ekulawuleni izingxenye nasesikhathini esikhulu kunokuqeda ngokuphelele. Sebenzani nodokotela wokudla ukuze udale uhlelo lokudla oluhlanganisa ukudla okujabulisayo ngenkathi ulawula iswekela lakho egazini ngokuphumelelayo.

Kufanele ngihlole kangakanani iswekela lami egazini?

Ukuqapha kweswekela egazini kuvame ukuxhomekeke kuhlelo lwakho lokwelapha nokuthi uhlaza lweswekile lwakho lulawulwa kangcono kangakanani. Abanye abantu bahlola kanye ngosuku, abanye ngaphambi kwesidlo ngasinye nangesikhathi sokulala. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma uhlelo olusekelwe emithini yakho, amazinga e-A1C, nezidingo zomuntu siqu. Ukuqapha okuvamile kungase kudingeke uma uqala imithi emisha noma ngesikhathi sesifo.

Kuphephile yini ukuzivocavoca ngohlaza lwe-type 2?

Ukuzivocavoca akuphephile kuphela kodwa kunconywa kakhulu kubantu abane-type 2 diabetes. Ukuzivocavoca kusiza ekuphuculeni iswekela egazini, kuthuthukisa ukulandela i-insulin, futhi kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo. Qala kancane uma ungumusha ekuzivocavoca futhi ubuze udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuqapha. Qapha iswekela lakho egazini ngaphambi nangemuva kokuzivocavoca kuze kube yilapho uqonda ukuthi imisebenzi ehlukene ikuphethe kanjani.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungachaphazela amazinga eswekela lami egazini?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka kungachaphazela kakhulu amazinga eswekela egazini ngokuthi kukhiphe ama-hormone afana ne-cortisol ne-adrenaline. Uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lungenza kube nzima ukuphatha uhlaza lweswekile futhi lungafaka isandla ekumeleni i-insulin. Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula, ukuzivocavoca okujwayelekile, ukulala okwanele, nokufuna ukusekelwa uma kudingeka kuyisigaba esibalulekile sokukhathalela i-diabetes.