Yini i-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Lamivudine ne-tenofovir yinhlanganisela yemithi esiza ukuphatha ukutheleleka nge-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis B engapheli. Lezi zithako ezinamandla zisebenza ndawonye ukwehlisa indlela amagciwane aziphindaphinda ngayo emzimbeni wakho, zinikeze amasosha akho omzimba ithuba elingcono lokuhlala eqinile futhi enempilo.

Uma unikezwe lo muthi, cishe uzizwa ngemizwa exubile njengamanje. Lokho kujwayelekile ngokuphelele. Ake sihambe kukho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngalokhu kwelashwa ukuze uzizwe uqiniseka futhi unolwazi olwengeziwe ngohambo lwakho lwempilo.

Yini i-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir?

I-Lamivudine ne-tenofovir yinhlanganisela yemithi emibili elwa namagciwane eyingxenye yeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Cabanga ngale mithi njengabalindi abancane abavimbela amagciwane ukuthi azikhiqizele wona ngaphakathi kwamaseli akho.

Yomibili le mithi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha iminyaka eminingi ukwelapha izifo ze-HIV ne-hepatitis B. Uma ihlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​bakha ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kunanoma yimuphi umuthi onganikeza wodwa. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa isiza ukunciphisa ithuba lokuthi amagciwane azothuthukisa ukumelana nokwelashwa.

Umuthi uza njengamaphilisi owathatha ngomlomo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka amandla kanye nomthamo ofanele isimo sakho esithile nezidingo zempilo.

Yini i-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir Esetshenziselwa Yona?

Le nhlanganisela yemithi iphatha izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukutheleleka nge-HIV kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane le-hepatitis B elingapheli. Nge-HIV, isetshenziswa ngaso sonke isikhathi kanye neminye imithi ye-HIV njengengxenye yalokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe noma ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kakhulu kwe-antiretroviral.

Uma welapha i-HIV, i-lamivudine kanye ne-tenofovir kusiza ukunciphisa inani legciwane egazini lakho libe ngamazinga aphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kuvikela amasosha akho omzimba futhi kusiza ekuvikeleni i-HIV ukuthi ingaqhubeki ibe yi-AIDS. Abantu abaningi abathatha ukwelashwa kwe-HIV okuphumelelayo bangaphila impilo ende, enempilo ngomthwalo wegciwane ongatholakali.

Ngohlobo lwe-hepatitis B, lo muthi usiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwesibindi futhi uvimbela igciwane ukuthi lingalilimazi isibindi sakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-hepatitis B engapheli ingaholela ezinkingeni zesibindi ezinzima njenge-cirrhosis noma umdlavuza wesibindi uma ingelashwa, ngakho ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela banikeza le nhlanganisela kubantu abane-HIV kanye nezifo ze-hepatitis B ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kuthelelelana okubili kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela, kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lo muthi ungasiza ekuphatheni zombili izimo ngempumelelo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Lamivudine kanye ne-Tenofovir?

Lo muthi usebenza ngokugxambukela endleleni amagciwane e-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis B azala ngayo ngaphakathi kwamaseli akho. Kokubili i-lamivudine kanye ne-tenofovir zivimba i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-reverse transcriptase, okuyilokho la magciwane akudingayo ukuze akhiqize amakhophi awo.

Lapho amagciwane engakwazi ukuzala kahle, inani legciwane emzimbeni wakho liyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kunika amasosha akho omzimba ithuba lokululama futhi ahlale eqinile. Umuthi awelaphi i-HIV noma i-hepatitis B, kodwa ugcina lezi zifo zilawulwa kahle uma zithathwa ngokuqhubekayo.

I-Tenofovir ithathwa njengomuthi onamandla futhi osebenzayo olwa namagciwane osebenza kahle ngokumelene ne-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis B. I-Lamivudine yengeza isivikelo esengeziwe futhi isiza ekuvikeleni amagciwane ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana nokwelashwa. Ngokubambisana, bakha inhlanganisela enamandla abantu abaningi abayibekezelela kahle.

Ngokuvamile uzoqala ukubona ngcono ekuhlolweni kwegazi lakho kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa uqale ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha umthwalo wakho wegciwane kanye nezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle kuwe.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir?

Thatha lo muthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyala, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kulula ukukhumbula uma bewuthatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, njengasekuseni noma emini.

Ungayithatha ithebhulethi ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, ungaqhekeza ithebhulethi emgqeni wokulinganisa, kodwa ungayichobozi noma uyihlafune. Ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni isisu uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi yokugaya ukudla.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha lo muthi nsuku zonke, ngisho nalapho uzizwa ulungile ngokuphelele. Ukweqa imithamo kungavumela igciwane ukuthi liphindaphinde futhi kungaholela ekumelaneni nemithi. Uma unenkinga yokukhumbula, zama ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi.

Uma udinga ukuthatha eminye imithi noma izithasiselo, zihlukanise kude ne-lamivudine ne-tenofovir uma kungenzeka. Eminye imithi ingaphazamisa ukuthi le nhlanganisela isebenza kahle kangakanani, ngakho-ke ngaso sonke isikhathi tshela udokotela wakho ngakho konke okuthathayo, okuhlanganisa imikhiqizo etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo zemithi yama-herbal.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir?

Abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha lo muthi iminyaka eminingi, ngokuvamile impilo yonke, ukuze bagcine i-HIV yabo noma ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis B kulawulwa kahle. Lokhu kungase kuzizwe kumkhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa khumbula ukuthi ukuyithatha ngokuqhubekayo kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uphilile futhi kuvimbela izinkinga ezinzima.

Ukwelashwa kwe-HIV, cishe uzodinga ukuqhubeka nokuthatha imithi elwa namagciwane unomphela. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-HIV okuphumelelayo kuvumela abantu abaningi ukuthi baphile impilo ejwayelekile ngekhwalithi yempilo enhle kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola njalo futhi angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nge-hepatitis B, ubude bokwelashwa buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho esithile. Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngemva kweminyaka eminingana uma ukutheleleka kwabo kungasebenzi, kanti abanye badinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile ukusiza ukunquma indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukuthi umthwalo wakho wegciwane ubuyele ngokushesha futhi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo, ikakhulukazi ngezifo ze-hepatitis B.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir?

Abantu abaningi bayawuthola kahle lo muthi ohlanganisiwe, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi imiphumela emibi emibi ayivamile, futhi imiphumela eminingi emincane iyathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela ukwelashwa.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole, futhi khumbula ukuthi ukuba nemiphumela emibi akusho ukuthi umuthi awusebenzi kuwe:

• Ukucasuka kwesisu noma isisu
• Ikhanda
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Isiyezi
• Ukuhluleka ukulala
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba mnene futhi zivame ukuba ngcono ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa. Uma ziqhubeka noma zikuphazamisa, udokotela wakho angase asikisele izindlela zokuzilawula noma angase alungise umthamo wakho.

Kukhona neminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha, nakuba ingavamile kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, noma ukukhathala okungavamile okungathuthuki.

I-Tenofovir ngezinye izikhathi ingathinta izinso zakho noma amathambo ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho uzoqapha lokhu ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Abantu abaningi ababi nalezinkinga, kodwa ukuzibamba kusenesikhathi kwenza ukwelashwa kube lula kakhulu uma zenzeka.

I-lactic acidosis iyisiphumela esingavamile kodwa esibi esingenzeka ngemithi efana ne-lamivudine. Qaphela izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu obungavamile bemisipha, ukukhathala ukuphefumula, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir?

Lo muthi awulungile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuwubhala. Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuthatha le nhlanganisela ngoba yomibili imithi icutshungulwa ngezinso.

Uma uke waba nezinkinga ezinzima zesibindi esikhathini esidlule, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukuqapha ngokucophelela okwengeziwe noma angakhetha ukwelashwa okuhlukile. Abantu abanomlando we-pancreatitis kufanele futhi baqaphele nge-lamivudine, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela lesi simo.

Yazisa udokotela wakho ngalezi zimo ezibalulekile zempilo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa:

• Isifo sezinso noma ukuncipha komsebenzi wezinso
• Isifo sesibindi, okuhlanganisa i-hepatitis C
• Umlando we-pancreatitis
• Izinkinga zamathambo noma i-osteoporosis
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa kotshwala

Ukukhulelwa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile ngalo muthi. Ngenkathi i-lamivudine ne-tenofovir ngokuvamile zithathwa njengeziphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sokwelapha i-HIV, udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo nezingozi ngokucophelela esimweni sakho esithile.

Uma uncelisa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Izincomo zingase zihluke kuye ngokuthi uqeda i-HIV noma i-hepatitis B, futhi udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi wenze ukukhetha okuphephe kakhulu kuwe nomntanakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Lamivudine ne-Tenofovir

Le nhlanganisela itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Cimduo ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu eziqokiwe e-United States. Ikhemisi lakho lingase futhi lithwale izinhlobo ezivamile, eziqulathe izithako ezifanayo ezisebenzayo kodwa zingabiza kancane.

Ngesinye isikhathi ungase ubone i-lamivudine kanye ne-tenofovir njengengxenye yamaphilisi amakhulu ahlanganisiwe aqukethe eminye imithi ye-HIV. Lokhu kungabandakanya amagama emikhiqizo afana ne-Complera, Atripla, noma izinhlanganisela ezisekelwe ku-Descovy, kuye ngokuthi yimiphi eminye imithi udokotela wakho afuna ukuyifaka ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zisebenza kahle njengemithi yegama lomkhiqizo futhi zithatha ukuhlolwa okufanayo kokuphepha. Uma izindleko zikhathaza, buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi mayelana nezinketho ezivamile noma izinhlelo zokusiza iziguli ezingasiza ukwenza imithi yakho ibe ngentengo engabizi.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Lamivudine kanye ne-Tenofovir

Kukhona eminye imithi etholakalayo uma i-lamivudine kanye ne-tenofovir ingafaneleki kuwe. Udokotela wakho angase acabange ezinye izithiyo ze-nucleoside reverse transcriptase noma amanye amakilasi ahlukene ngokuphelele emithi elwa namagciwane.

Ukwelashwa kwe-HIV, ezinye izindlela zingabandakanya izinhlanganisela nge-emtricitabine kanye ne-tenofovir alafenamide, i-abacavir kanye ne-lamivudine, noma izithiyo ze-integrase njenge-dolutegravir. Inketho ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo nemiphumela engaba khona, ngakho udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi uthole okufanela kahle.

Uma une-hepatitis B, ezinye izinketho zifaka i-entecavir, i-adefovir, noma i-telbivudine njengemithi eyodwa. Abanye abantu benza ngcono nalezi ezinye izindlela, ikakhulukazi uma benokukhathazeka kwezinso noma ezinye izimo zezempilo ezenza i-lamivudine kanye ne-tenofovir ingafaneleki kangako.

Ukukhethwa kwemithi kuncike ezintweni eziningi ezihlanganisa uhlobo lwakho lwegciwane, ezinye izimo zezempilo, ukuxhumana okungaba khona kwemithi, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Unganqikazi ukuxoxa ngezindlela ezingezinye nodokotela wakho uma unenkinga ngemithi yakho yamanje.

Ingabe i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Tenofovir ingcono kune-Emtricitabine kanye ne-Tenofovir?

Zonke lezi zinhlanganisela ziyizindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, kodwa zinehluko ezibalulekile ezingenza enye ifaneleke kakhulu kuwe kunenye. I-Emtricitabine kanye ne-tenofovir (evame ukubizwa nge-Truvada) cishe iyinhlanganisela evame ukunqunywa kakhulu ekwelashweni kwe-HIV.

I-Lamivudine kanye ne-emtricitabine imithi efana kakhulu, kodwa i-emtricitabine ivame ukuba nemiphumela emincane futhi ingathathwa kaningi. Kodwa-ke, i-lamivudine isetshenziswe isikhathi eside futhi ingase ithandwe kubantu abanokutheleleka nge-hepatitis B.

Ukwenza isinqumo kuvame ukuncika esimweni sakho sezokwelapha, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nokuthi uyikwazi kangakanani inketho ngayinye. Abanye abantu benza ngcono ngenye inhlanganisela kunenye, futhi akukho

Uma ngabe uthatha umthamo omningi kunalowo odokotela bakunike wona, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Ukuthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu kungabangela imiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi ethinta izinso zakho nesibindi.

Ungazami ukulungisa ukweqisa komuthi ngokweqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, buyela esimisweni sakho somthamo esijwayelekile njengoba uqondiswe umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Gcina umkhondo wokuthi uthathe nini umthamo owengeziwe ukuze unikeze udokotela wakho imininingwane enembile ngalokho okwenzekile.

Q3. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Lamivudine kanye ne-Tenofovir?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngasikhathi sinye ukuze ulungise lowo ophuthelwe.

Zama ukuthatha umthamo wakho ophuthelwe kungakapheli amahora angu-12 kusukela ngesikhathi ovamise ukuwuthatha ngaso. Uma sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwangu-12, ngokuvamile kungcono ukulinda bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke kubangele izinkinga ngokushesha, kodwa ukuqina kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ukutheleleka kwakho kulawulwa kahle.

Q4. Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Tenofovir?

Abantu abaningi badinga ukuqhubeka nokuthatha lo muthi iminyaka eminingi noma impilo yonke ukuze bagcine ukutheleleka kwabo nge-HIV noma i-hepatitis B kulawulwa. Ukuyeka ukwelashwa kuvumela igciwane ukuthi liphindaphinde futhi, okungalimaza amasosha akho omzimba noma isibindi futhi kungaholela ekumelaneni nemithi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha isimo sakho njalo futhi akwazise uma kukhona isikhathi esiphephile sokucabangela ukuyeka ukwelashwa. Nge-hepatitis B, abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ngemva kweminyaka eminingana uma ukutheleleka kwabo kungasebenzi, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukuqapha okucophelelayo futhi akulungile kuwo wonke umuntu.

Q5. Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Tenofovir?

Noma amanani amancane otshwala engahlangani ngqo naleli khambi, ngokuvamile kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, ikakhulukazi uma unezinkinga zesibindi. Zombili izifo ze-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis B zingathinta isibindi sakho, futhi utshwala bungenza umonakalo wesibindi ube mubi kakhulu.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza, kwenze ngokulinganisela futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yini ephephile esimweni sakho esithile. Abanye abantu abane-hepatitis B kufanele bagweme utshwala ngokuphelele ukuvikela impilo yesibindi sabo. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko esiqondene nawe esisekelwe empilweni yakho yonke kanye nokusebenza kwesibindi.