Ko te Hypoxemia te tikanga he iti iho i te tikanga te nui o te hāora i roto i tō toto. Ka pā tēnei ina kore e taea e ō pūkahukahu te tiki hāora nui ki roto i tō rerenga toto, i te kore rānei e taea e tō toto te kawe hāora pai ki ō okana me ō kiko.
Whakaarohia te hāora hei wahie mō ngā pūtau o tō tinana. Ina heke iho ngā taumata hāora toto i raro i te tikanga, ka kaha ake tō tinana ki te tiki i te hāora e hiahiatia ana. Ahakoa he mea whakamataku tēnei, he maha ngā take o te hypoxemia ka taea te rongoā pai ina kitea te take i raro.
He aha te Hypoxemia?
He āhua hauora te hypoxemia e iti ana te hāora o tō toto i te mea e tika ana. Ko ngā taumata hāora toto noa e pā ana ki te 95% ki te 100% ina inea ki te pulse oximeter.
Ina heke iho te kukū hāora toto i raro i te 90%, ka whakaaro ngā tākuta he hypoxemia tēnei. E hiahiatia ana e tō tinana te hāora kia pai te mahi, nō reira ina heke ngā taumata, ka tīmata pea koe ki te rongo i ngā tohumate pēnei i te poto o te manawa, i te ngenge rānei.
He rerekē tēnei āhua i te hypoxia, e pā ana ki ngā taumata hāora iti i ngā kiko o tō tinana. Ko te Hypoxemia e arotahi ana ki te ihirangi hāora i roto i tō toto i mua i te tae ki ō okana.
He pēhea te rongo o te Hypoxemia?
Ko ngā tohu wawe o te hypoxemia he rite tonu ki te kore e nui te hau e whiwhi ana koe. Ka kite pea koe i a koe e manawa ana i te tere ake, e rongo ana rānei i te hau i ngā mahi e kore nei e ngenge i a koe.
He maha ngā tāngata e whakaahua ana i te rongo e kore e taea e rātou te hopu i tō rātou manawa, ahakoa e noho tonu ana. Ka tere ake pea tō ngākau i te mea e ngana ana ki te pōmpu i te toto whai hāora nui puta noa i tō tinana.
I te wa e haere ana te hypoxemia, ka rongo pea koe i ētahi tohumate kitea e tohu ana e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana te hāora nui ake:
- Te poto o te manawa, te uaua rānei ki te manawa
- Te tere, te ngau rānei o te ngākau
- Te mamae, te pōka rānei o te uma
- Te whanoke, te māmā rānei o te mahunga
- Te rangirua, te uaua rānei ki te arotahi
- Te tae kikorangi o ngā ngutu, ngā maikuku, te kiri rānei (e kīia ana ko te cyanosis)
- Te tino ngenge, te ngoikore rānei
- Te mamae mahunga
Ka rere kē ēnei tohumate mai i te māmā ki te kaha, i runga i te iti o te taumata hāora e heke ana. He mea nui te tae kikorangi hei mātakitaki, nā te mea he maha ngā wā e tohu ana i te hypoxemia kaha ake, e hiahia ana kia āwhina tonu te rongoā.
He aha ngā take o te Hypoxemia?
Ka puta te Hypoxemia i te wā e raru ana tō tinana ki te tango hāora mai i ō pūkahukahu ki ō toto. Ka pēnei pea mō ngā take rerekē, mai i ngā āhuatanga rangitahi ki ngā raruraru hauora mau tonu.
Ko ngā take tino nui e pā ana ki ngā pūkahukahu, te ngākau, te hau rānei e hāngai ana koe. Me titiro tātou ki ngā momo rerekē ka puta te hypoxemia:
Ko ngā take e pā ana ki ngā pūkahukahu te tino take o te hypoxemia:
- Pneumonia, ētahi atu mate rānei o te pūkahukahu
- Ngā whakaeke āwhea e whāiti ana i ō ara rererangi
- Te mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu (COPD)
- Te pulmonary embolism (te toto toto i roto i ngā pūkahukahu)
- Te wai i roto i ngā pūkahukahu (pulmonary edema)
- Te pūkahukahu kua hinga (pneumothorax)
- Ngā tauhohenga mate pāwera kaha e pā ana ki te manawa
Ko ngā take e pā ana ki te ngākau ka ārai i te toto whai hāora kia huri tika:
- Ngā hē o te ngākau i te whānautanga
- Te ngoikore o te ngākau
- Te anemia kaha (te iti o te pūtau toto whero)
Ka taea hoki e ngā āhuatanga taiao te whai wāhi ki te hypoxemia:
- Te teitei, kei reira te iti o te taumata hāora
- Te paitini waro monoxide
- Te hā i te auahi, ētahi atu hau kino rānei
I ētahi wā, ka taea hoki e ngā āhuatanga onge pēnei i te moe moe, ētahi rongoā rānei te arahi ki te hypoxemia. Mā te māramatanga ki te take ka āwhina ngā tākuta ki te whiriwhiri i te huarahi maimoatanga whai hua.
He tohu, he tohumate rānei te Hypoxemia?
He maha ngā wā ka tohu te hypoxemia i tētahi āhuatanga hauora kei raro e hiahia ana ki te aro. Kāore i te mea he mate tonu, he tikanga tēnei o tō tinana e kī ana kei te pā tētahi mea ki tō kaha ki te whiwhi hāora.
Ko te nuinga, ka tohu te hypoxemia i tētahi raruraru ki tō pūnaha manawa. Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pūkahukahu, te huango, te COPD rānei ka taea katoa te heke iho o ō taumata hāora i raro i ngā awhe noa.
Koinei ngā āhuatanga matua e tohu ana te hypoxemia:
Ko ngā āhuatanga manawa te take noa i raro:
- Te mate uaua manawa (ARDS)
- Bronchitis, bronchiolitis rānei
- Te mate pūkahukahu i waenga i ngā pūkahukahu
- Te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu
- Te pūkahukahu nui
- Pulmonary fibrosis
Ka taea hoki e ngā āhuatanga ngākau me ngā toto te arahi ki te hypoxemia:
- Te ngoikore o te ngākau
- Te pēhanga toto pūkahukahu
- Te mate ngākau whānau
- Te pulmonary embolism nui
Ko ngā āhuatanga onge pea ka pā ki te hypoxemia ko:
- Kyphoscoliosis nui (te piko o te tūāwhiwhi e pā ana ki te manawa)
- Ngā mate neuromuscular e pā ana ki ngā uaua manawa
- Te nui rawa o te rongoā e pā ana ki te pūnaha manawa
- Ngā hē nui o te pakitara o te pouaka
Ka mahi tō tākuta ki te tautuhi i te āhuatanga motuhake e pā ana ki tō hypoxemia. Mā tēnei ka āwhina rātou ki te hanga i tētahi mahere maimoatanga e aro ana ki ō taumata hāora me te raruraru kei raro.
Ka taea e te Hypoxemia te ngaro noa?
Ka pai ake pea te hypoxemia ngawari mai i ngā āhuatanga rangitahi i te wā e ora ana tō tinana. Hei tauira, ki te whai koe i tētahi mate manawa, ka hoki pea ō taumata hāora ki te noa i te wā e mārama ana te mate.
Heoi anō, ko te nuinga o te wā me tū te rongoā mō te hypoxemia hei whakatika i te take i raro. He mōrearea te tatari kia ngaro noa te hypoxemia nui, nā te mea e hiahia ana ō pūngao ki te hāora kia pai ai te mahi.
Ko ētahi wā ka pai ake te hypoxemia i te taiao, pērā i te mate i te teitei māmā ka hoki koe ki ngā wāhi iti ake, i ngā mate manawa iti rānei i roto i ngā tāngata hauora. Ahakoa tērā, he mea nui te aroturuki i ō tohumate me ngā taumata hāora.
Mēnā kei te pā ō tohumate pērā i te pōkae nui, te mamae o te uma, te kiri kikorangi rānei, kaua e tatari kia pai ake anō. E tohu ana ēnei tohu e hiahia ana tō tinana ki te āwhina tonu kia nui ake te hāora.
Me pēhea te rongoā i te Hypoxemia i te Kāinga?
Ahakoa e hiahia ana te hypoxemia nui ki te rongoā hauora, he ētahi mahi tautoko ka taea e koe i te kāinga mō ngā take māmā, i raro tonu i te tohutohu a te tākuta.
Ko te mea nui ko te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta me te aroturuki i ō tohumate. Me whakakī te rongoā i te kāinga, kaua e whakakapi, i te manaaki hauora ngaio.
Anei ētahi mahi tautoko ka āwhina i te hypoxemia māmā:
- Okioki i tētahi tūnga pai, tū tika hoki hei āwhina i tō manawa
- Whakamahia ngā mahi manawa puhoi, hōhonu mēnā i tohutohutia e tō tākuta
- Kia nui te wai
- Whakamahia he whakamātao kia mākū te hau mēnā he pōkae manawa tō
- Kaua e paowa, ngā matū kaha, ētahi atu mea rānei e riri ana i te hau
- Tangohia ngā rongoā i tohutohutia kia rite tonu ki te tohutohu
Mēnā kua tohutohutia e tō tākuta he pulse oximeter, whakamahia hei aroturuki i ō taumata hāora i ngā wā katoa. Puritia he rēhita o ō pānui hei tiri ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora.
Kia mahara ko te rongoā i te kāinga he tika anake mō ngā take māmā i raro i te tirotiro hauora. Kaua rawa e ngana ki te rongoā i te hypoxemia nui i te kāinga, nā te mea ka mōrearea te ora.
He aha te rongoā hauora mō te Hypoxemia?
Ko te rongoā mō te hypoxemia e arotahi ana ki te whakanui i ō taumata hāora toto i te wā e whakatika ana i te take i raro. Ka whiriwhiria e tō tākuta ngā rongoā i runga i te kaha o tō hypoxemia me te aha e pā ana ki a ia.
Ko te whāinga tonu ko te whakahoki i ō taumata hāora ki ngā awhe noa. Ko te tikanga, ka uru mai te whakarato hāora tāpiri i te wā e rongoā ana i te āhua e pā ana ki te raruraru.
Te rongoā hāora te rongoā tuatahi mō te hypoxemia:
- Nasal cannula mō ngā take ngawari
- Māhunga hāora mō te hypoxemia āhua
- Ngā pūnaha hāora rere nui mō ngā take kaha
- Te hau mīhini mō te hypoxemia e mōrearea ana ki te ora
Ngā rongoā e arotahi ana ki te take i raro:
- Bronchodilators hei whakatuwhera i ngā ara rererangi i te mate huangō, COPD rānei
- Antibiotics mō ngā mate huakita
- Corticosteroids hei whakaiti i te mumura
- Diuretics hei tango i te wai nui mai i ngā pūkahukahu
- Ngā whakaheke toto mō te pulmonary embolism
Ngā rongoā matatau mō ngā take kaha ka uru pea:
- Te pēhanga rererangi pai tonu (CPAP)
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) mō ngā take tino nui
- Te pokanga hei whakatika i ngā raruraru hanganga
Ka aroturukihia e tō rōpū hauora tō ahunga whakamua, ka whakatika i te rongoā i te mea e tika ana. Ko te whāinga ko te whakahoki i ngā taumata hāora noa i te wā e whakaora ana i te āhua i raro.
Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta mō te Hypoxemia?
Me rapu tonu koe i te āwhina hauora mēnā ka pā ki a koe ngā uaua manawa nui, ngā tohu rānei o ngā taumata hāora iti. Ko ētahi tohu e hiahia ana ki te tiaki ohorere, i te wā e tika ana ētahi atu ki te haere tere ki te tākuta.
Waea atu ki te 911, haere rānei ki te ruma ohorere tonu mēnā ka kite koe i ēnei tohu whakatūpato:
- He uaua nui ki te manawa, ki te whakangā rānei
- He tae kikorangi kei te taha o ō ngutu, ō whao, ō mata rānei
- He mamae, he pēhanga rānei kei te uma
- He tere te pōkeke o te ngākau me te whanoke
- He rangirua, he uaua rānei ki te noho mataara
- E kore e taea te kōrero i ngā rerenga kōrero katoa nā te pōkae
Whakaritea he tūnga ki te tākuta ināianei mēnā ka pā mai ētahi tohumate ngawari ake e pā ana ki a koe:
- Te pōkae tonu i ngā mahi o ia rā
- Te mare tonu me ngā uaua ki te manawa
- Te ngenge, te ngoikore rānei e kore e rite
- Te ōhākī pinepine me ngā raruraru manawa
- Te pōkae haere o ngā tohumate o ngā mate pūkahukahu e noho ana
Kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu i te manaakitanga hauora mēnā kāore koe i te mōhio ki ō tohumate. He pai ake tonu te whai tākuta hei arotake i ō āwangawanga manawa i te tatari, i te whanake rānei i ngā raruraru.
He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te whanake i te Hypoxemia?
He maha ngā āhuatanga ka whakanui i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te hypoxemia. Ko ētahi āhuatanga mōrearea ka taea e koe te whakahaere, i te mea e pā ana ētahi atu ki tō hītori hauora, ki ō ira rānei.
Ko te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga mōrearea ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te mahi i ngā mahi hei ārai i te hypoxemia, hei hopu rānei i te wā tuatahi ka whanake.
Ngā āhuatanga hauora e whakanui ana i tō mōrearea ko:
- Ngā mate pūkahukahu tawhito pēnei i te COPD, i te huangō rānei
- Ngā āhuatanga o te ngākau e pā ana ki te tohanga toto
- Te moe apnea, ētahi atu raruraru moe rānei
- Te anemia, ngā mate toto rānei
- Ngā hē o te pakitara uma
- Ngā mate neuromuscular e pā ana ki te manawa
Ngā āhuatanga o te noho ka whai wāhi ki te mōrearea hypoxemia:
- Te pōkae, te pānga rānei ki te auahi tuarua
- Te mahi me ngā mea riri pūkahukahu, ngā matū rānei
- Te noho i ngā wāhi teitei
- Te noho noho noa e arahi ana ki te hauora ngākau me te pūkahukahu kino
Te pakeke me ētahi atu āhuatanga ka whai wāhi anō:
- Neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke
- He pūnaha ārai mate kua ngoikore
- He pokanga tata nei, ina koa ngā mahi i te uma, i te puku rānei
- He hītori o te whānau mō te mate pūkahukahu, te mate ngākau rānei
Mēnā he maha ngā āhuatanga tūpono kei a koe, mahi tahi me tō tākuta ki te aroturuki i tō hauora pūkahukahu me te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga e huna ana i te pai.
He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te Hypoxemia?
Ka taea e te hypoxemia kāore i rongoatia te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui nā te mea e hiahia ana ō rātou okana ki te hāora tika kia pai ai te mahi. Ko te kaha o ngā raruraru e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te heke o ō taumata hāora me te roa o te noho i te iti.
He tino tairongo tō roro me tō ngākau ki ngā taumata hāora iti. Ahakoa ngā wā poto o te hypoxemia kaha ka taea te whara tonu ki ēnei okana nui.
Ngā raruraru tonu mai i te hypoxemia kaha ko:
- Te huri o te āhua hinengaro, te rangirua rānei
- Ngā manawataki ngākau kōaro (arrhythmias)
- Te pēhanga toto iti rawa
- Te ngaro o te māramatanga
- Te rahunga manawa e hiahia ana ki te hauora miihini
Ngā raruraru wā-roa mai i te hypoxemia mau tonu ka puta i te wā:
- Te pēhanga toto pūkahukahu (te pēhanga toto tiketike i roto i ngā uaua pūkahukahu)
- Te rahunga ngākau matau mai i te tōpana ki te ngākau
- Te ngoikoretanga o te hinengaro, ngā raruraru mahara rānei
- Te piki o te tūponotanga o ngā mate
- Te whakaora i te patunga e kore e pai
Ngā raruraru onge engari nui ka puta me te hypoxemia kaha, roa:
- Te rahunga okana e pā ana ki ngā whatukuhu, te ate, te roro rānei
- Te whiu mai i te hāora kāore i te rawaka ki te kiko roro
- Te hopu ngākau i ngā wā tino nui
- Te whara neurological tūturu
Ko te rongo pai ko te rongoā tere o te hypoxemia ka taea te ārai i te nuinga o ngā raruraru. Ka āwhina te wawaotanga wawe ki te tiaki i ō okana me te whakapai ake i tō matapae whānui.
He aha te mea ka taea te pōhēhē i te Hypoxemia?
Ka taea e ngā tohumate o te hypoxemia te tūpono ki ētahi atu āhuatanga, ā, i ētahi wā ka roa te tātaritanga. Ko te poto o te manawa me te ngenge e pā ana ki ngā taumata hāora iti ka taea te rite ki ētahi raruraru hauora noa.
Koinei te take e whakamahi ana ngā tākuta i te pulse oximetry me ngā whakamātautau toto hei ine tika i ngā taumata hāora, kaua ki te whakawhirinaki anake ki ngā tohumate mō te tātaritanga.
Ngā raruraru āwangawanga me te mataku he maha ngā wā ka puta ngā tohumate manawa rite:
- \n
- Te poto o te manawa, te āhua rānei kare e taea te manawa \n
- Te tere o te ngākau me te pōkae o te uma \n
- Te whanoke, te māmā rānei o te mahunga \n
- Te āhua o te aitua e tata ana \n
Ngā āhuatanga o te ngākau ka taea hoki te whakaatu i ngā tohumate e tūpono ana:
- \n
- Te ngoikore o te ngākau e pā ana ki te poto o te manawa \n
- Ngā tohumate o te whakaeke ngākau tae atu ki te mamae o te uma me te poto o te manawa \n
- Ngā arrhythmias e pā ana ki te ngākau kōaro me te ngenge \n
Ētahi atu āhuatanga ka taea te rangirua ki te hypoxemia ko:
- \n
- Te maroke e pā ana ki te whanoke me te ngoikore \n
- Te anemia e pā ana ki te ngenge me te kiri pāwera \n
- Ngā raruraru thyroid e pā ana ki ngā taumata pūngao \n
- Te mate ngenge roa \n
- Te pōuri e pā ana ki te ngenge tonu \n
Ko te rerekētanga nui ko te hypoxemia ka whakaatu i ngā taumata hāora iti i runga i te pulse oximetry, i ngā whakamātautau hau toto rānei. Ka taea e tō tākuta te whakamahi i ēnei ine whāinga hei wehe i te hypoxemia mai i ētahi atu āhuatanga me ngā tohumate rite.
Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Hypoxemia
P: Ka taea e koe te hypoxemia me te kore e mōhio?
Āe, ka taea e te hypoxemia ngawari te whakawhanake haere i ētahi wā me te kore he tohumate mārama, ina koa ki ngā tāngata e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga pūkahukahu roa. Koinei te mea e kiia ana ko te
Ka taea e tō tinana te urutau ki te heke haere o ngā taumata hāora, e huna ana i ngā tohumate kia kaha ake rawa te hypoxemia. He mea noa tēnei i roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te COPD, i te pulmonary fibrosis rānei.
Pātai: Kia pēhea te tere o te whanake o te hypoxemia?
Ka taea e te hypoxemia te whanake tere i roto i ngā meneti i ngā wā ohorere pēnei i ngā whakaekenga huango, i te pulmonary embolism rānei. Ka taea hoki te whanake haere i roto i ngā rā, i ngā wiki rānei me ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pneumonia, i te ngoikore o te ngākau rānei.
Ko te tere o te whanake te nuinga e whakatau ana i te kaha o ō tohumate. Ko te hypoxemia e whanake ana i te tere te nuinga ka nui ake ngā tohumate ka kitea atu i te whanake haere.
Pātai: He tūpono nui tonu te hypoxemia?
Kāore i te whakatuma i te ora tonu te hypoxemia katoa, engari me arotake tonu e te tākuta. Ko te hypoxemia ngawari mai i ngā āhuatanga rangitahi pēnei i ngā mate manawa iti ka pai ake me te rongoā tika.
Heoi anō, ko te hypoxemia kaha, ko te hypoxemia rānei e mau tonu ana, he tūpono, ā, me āta tirotiro e te tākuta. Ko te mea nui ko te tautuhi i te take i raro iho, me te rongoā tika.
Pātai: Ka taea e te whakakori tinana te āwhina i te hypoxemia?
Ka āwhina pea te whakakori tinana ngawari ki te whakapai ake i te tohanga me te mahi o te pūkahukahu i ētahi tāngata e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga mau tonu, engari me mahi tēnei i raro i te tirotiro a te tākuta. He tūpono te whakakori tinana i te wā o te hypoxemia ohorere, ā, ka kino ake tō āhuatanga.
Ka taea e tō tākuta te tūtohu i ngā taumata mahi tika i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake me ngā taumata hāora o nāianei. Ka whai hua pea ētahi tāngata mai i ngā hōtaka whakahou i te pūkahukahu e uru ana ki te whakakori tinana i raro i te tirotiro.
Pātai: He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te hypoxemia me te hypoxia?
E pā ana te hypoxemia ki ngā taumata hāora iti i roto i ō toto, i te wā e pā ana te hypoxia ki ngā taumata hāora iti i roto i ngā kiko o tō tinana. He maha ngā wā ka arahi te hypoxemia ki te hypoxia, engari ka taea e koe te whai hypoxia kiko me te kore hypoxemia toto i ētahi āhuatanga.
Me whai āwhina hauora ngā āhuatanga e rua nei, engari he rerekē te ine me te rongoā. Mā tō tākuta e whakatau te momo o te āhua hāora iti kei a koe i runga i ngā whakamātautau me ngā tohumate.
