He aha te Amniocentesis? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe & ngā Hua

Ko te Amniocentesis he whakamātautau i mua i te whānautanga e tango ai tō tākuta i tētahi tauira iti o te wai amniotic mai i te taha o tō pēpi i te wā e hapū ana koe. Ko tēnei wai mārama e karapoti ana, e tiaki ana i tō pēpi i roto i te kōpū, ā, kei roto i a ia ngā pūtau e mau ana i ngā pārongo ira o tō pēpi. Ka āwhina te whakamātautau ki te kite i ētahi āhuatanga ira me ngā hē o te pūtau, e whai wāhi ana ki a koe me tō rōpū hauora ki ngā pārongo nui mō te hauora o tō pēpi.

He aha te amniocentesis?

Ko te Amniocentesis he hātepe tātaritanga e tātari ana i te wai amniotic hei tirotiro mō ngā mate ira i roto i tō pēpi e tipu ana. I te wā o te whakamātautau, ka kuhuna mārire tētahi ngira angiangi mā roto i tō puku ki roto i te pūpū amniotic hei kohi i tētahi wāhanga iti o te wai. Kei roto i tēnei wai ngā pūtau o tō pēpi, ka taea te whakamātau mō ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate Down, te spina bifida, me ētahi atu hē ira.

Ko te tikanga ka mahia te hātepe i waenga i te 15 me te 20 wiki o te hapū i te wā e nui ana te wai amniotic mō te kohinga haumaru. Kāore i rite ki ngā whakamātautau tātari e whakatau ana i te tūponotanga, ka whai wāhi te amniocentesis ki ngā whakautu tino mō ngā āhuatanga ira motuhake. E kiia ana ko tētahi o ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga i mua i te whānautanga e tino tika ana, me ngā hua e neke atu i te 99% te tika mō ngā āhuatanga e whakamātauhia ana.

He aha te take e mahia ai te amniocentesis?

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te amniocentesis mēnā he nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te whai pēpi me ngā āhuatanga ira. Ka whai wāhi te whakamātautau ki ngā pārongo nui ka āwhina i a koe me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau mō tō hapū me te whakarite mō te manaaki i tō pēpi mēnā e tika ana.

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tēnei whakamātautau. He kaitono pea koe mēnā he 35 tau, neke atu rānei ō tau, nā te mea ka piki te tūponotanga o ngā hē o te pūtau i te pikinga o te pakeke o te whaea. Ko ngā whakamātautau tātari o mua e whakaatu ana i te tūponotanga nui, te hītori o te whānau mō ngā mate ira, te hapū rānei i pā mai i ngā āhuatanga ira o mua, he take noa hoki ēnei mō te tūtohutanga.

Ka taea e te whakamātautau te kite i ngā momo āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o tō pēpi. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā mate o te pūtau pēnei i te mate a Down, te mate a Edwards, me te mate a Patau, me ngā hē o te ngongo io pēnei i te spina bifida. Ka taea hoki te tautuhi i ētahi mate ira pēnei i te cystic fibrosis, te mate pūtau kokopi, me te mate a Tay-Sachs mēnā he mōrearea te whānau.

He aha te tikanga mō te amniocentesis?

Ko te tikanga amniocentesis te tikanga e 20 ki te 30 meneti te roa, ā, ka mahia i roto i te tari o tō tākuta, i tētahi hōhipera rānei. Ka takoto koe i runga i te tēpu whakamātau i te wā e whakamahi ana tō tākuta i te ultrasound hei ārahi i te katoa o te tukanga, me te whakarite i te haumaru o tō pēpi puta noa i te tukanga.

Ka tīmata tō tākuta mā te horoi i tō puku ki te otinga antiseptic, ā, ka whakamahi pea i te rongoā ā-rohe hei whakapōkae i te wāhi. Mā te whakamahi tonu i te ārahitanga ultrasound, ka whakaurua e rātou tētahi ngira angiangi, kōhao mā tō pakitara puku, ki roto i te pūpū amniotic. Ka āwhina te ultrasound i tō tākuta ki te karo i tō pēpi me te placenta i te wā e kimi ana i te pūpū wai amniotic pai.

Ka tika te tūnga o te ngira, ka āta tango tō tākuta i te 1 ki te 2 punetēpu wai amniotic. Ka pōkae pea koe, ka pā rānei te mamae i tēnei wāhanga, engari he poto noa te mamae. Whai muri i te tango i te ngira, ka tirohia e tō tākuta te pā o te ngākau o tō pēpi, ā, ka aroturukihia koe mō tētahi wā poto kia mōhio ai kei te pai ngā mea katoa.

Ka tukuna te wai kohia ki te taiwhanga, ka tirohia e ngā tohunga ngā pūtau o te pēpi mō ngā hē ira. Ko te tikanga ka puta ngā hua i roto i te 1 ki te 2 wiki, ahakoa ka roa pea ētahi whakamātautau i runga i ngā āhuatanga e tātarihia ana.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō amniocentesis?

Ko te whakarite mō te amniocentesis e hāngai ana ki te taha tinana me te taha ngākau. Ka hoatu e tō tākuta ngā tohutohu motuhake, engari i te nuinga o te wā, kāore koe e hiahia ki te nohopuku, ki te whakarereke nui rānei i tō rā. Heoi anō, mā te whai i ētahi mahi ngāwari ka āwhina i ngā mea katoa kia pai te haere.

Me mau koe i ngā kākahu hāneanea, whānui hoki, kia māmā te uru atu ki tō puku. Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi hoa tautoko, i tētahi mema rānei o te whānau hei tautoko i a koe i te taha ngākau, me te āwhina i te kawe i muri mai. E tūtohu ana ētahi tākuta kia whai pūpū tonu koe mō te kite pai ake i te ultrasound, ēngari ko ētahi e pai ana kia kau, nā reira me whai i ō tohutohu motuhake.

He mea noa te āwangawanga mō te mahi, ā, mā te kōrero mō ō āwangawanga ki tō rōpū hauora i mua ka āwhina i te whakamāmā i ō āwangawanga. Me mōhio koe he aha te take i tūtohu ai te whakamātautau, me te aha pea te tikanga o ngā hua mō tō hapū. Mā te whai i tēnei kōrero i mua i te rā o te mahi ka āwhina i a koe kia rite ake, kia māia ake.

Whakaritea kia noho mārie i te toenga o te rā i muri i tō amniocentesis. Ahakoa ka taea e koe te hoki ki ngā mahi noa i roto i te rā, e rua rānei, ko te karo i te hiki i ngā mea taumaha me te whakakori tinana kaha mō te 24 ki te 48 haora te tikanga e tūtohutia ana.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua amniocentesis?

He tika tonu te nuinga o ngā hua o te amniocentesis – he mea noa, he tohu rānei o tētahi āhuatanga ira motuhake. Ka waea atu tō tākuta ki a koe me ngā hua, ā, ka whakarite i tētahi hui whai muri hei kōrero mō te tikanga o aua hua mōu me tō pēpi. He mea nui te māramatanga ki ēnei hua mō te whakatau whakatau mō tō hapū.

Ko te tikanga o ngā hua noa, kāore i kitea ngā āhuatanga ira i whakamātauria i roto i ngā pūtau o tō pēpi. He rongo pai tēnei, engari he mea nui te mahara, e whakamātau ana te amniocentesis i ngā āhuatanga motuhake anake – kāore e taurangi ana kāore ō tō pēpi ētahi atu raruraru hauora kāore i whakamātauria.

Mēnā ka kitea ngā hua hē, ka whakamārama tō tākuta i te āhuatanga i kitea, me te tikanga o tērā mō te hauora me te whanaketanga o tō pēpi. Ko ētahi āhuatanga he ngawari noa iho, he iti noa iho te pānga ki te kounga o te oranga, engari ko ētahi atu he nui ake te pūtake. Ka whakawhiwhia e tō rōpū hauora ngā kōrero taipitopito mō te āhuatanga motuhake, ā, ka hono atu koe ki ngā kaiwhakatakoto tohutohu ira me ngā tohunga ka āwhina i a koe ki te māramatanga ki ō whiringa.

I ngā wā onge, ka kore e tino mārama ngā hua, ka whakaatu rānei i ngā kitenga rerekē e hiahia ana kia ētahi atu whakamātautau. Ka whakamārama tō tākuta i te tikanga o ēnei hua, ā, ka tūtohu i ngā mahi e whai ake nei, pērā i te whakamātautau anō, i te kōrero rānei ki ngā tohunga ira.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru o te amniocentesis?

Ahakoa te nuinga o te wā he haumaru te amniocentesis, ka piki ake ētahi āhuatanga i tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te whakatau i te whakatau pai mō te tika o te whakamātautau mō tō āhuatanga.

Ko te nuinga o nga wahine e whai ana i te amniocentesis karekau he raruraru, engari tera pea etahi mea ka paku te piki o to tupono. Kei roto i enei ko te mate uruta, nga mate toto, etahi raruraru haputanga penei i te placenta previa. Ka ata titiro to taakuta ki to ahuatanga takitahi i mua i te taunaki i te tikanga.

Ko nga haputanga maha (mahanga, toru) ka uaua ake te tikanga, ka paku te piki o nga tupono. I tua atu, ki te whai koe i etahi rereketanga o te kōpū, i te kiko whara ranei mai i nga pokanga o mua, tera pea ka hiahia to taakuta ki te whakatūpato atu, ki te whakaaro ranei mehemea he pai te whakamatautau.

Ka kōrero tō tākuta i ō āhuatanga tūpono motuhake, ka whakamārama me pēhea te pānga ki tō tikanga. I te nuinga o nga wa, ko nga painga o te whiwhi korero ira nui ka nui ake i nga tupono iti, engari ko tenei whakatau ka whakatauhia i nga wa katoa i runga i o ahuatanga ahurei.

He aha nga raruraru ka puta mai i te amniocentesis?

He onge nga raruraru nui mai i te amniocentesis, ka puta i roto i te iti iho i te 1 i roto i te 300 ki te 500 nga tikanga. Heoi, he mea nui kia mohio koe he aha nga raruraru ka taea kia taea ai e koe te whakatau tika, me te mohio ki nga tohu hei matakitaki i muri mai.

Ko nga paanga tonu e tino kitea ana ko te mamae ngawari me te toto, ka ngaro i roto i te ra, e rua ranei. Ka raru etahi wahine i te waahi whakauru ngira, he rite ki muri i te werohanga. He mea noa enei paanga iti, karekau e tohu i nga raru ki to peepi, ki to haputanga ranei.

Ko nga raruraru nui ake engari he onge ka uru ki te mate, te toto, te turuturu ranei o te wai amniotic. Ko nga tohu hei matakitaki ko te kirika, te mamae nui, te nui o te toto, te turuturu wai ranei mai i to tara. Mena ka pa ki a koe etahi o enei tohu, whakapā atu ki to taakuta tonu. I te wa e tino onge ana, ka puta pea te tikanga i te mahi wawe, i te ngaronga ranei o te haputanga, engari ka puta tenei i roto i te iti iho i te 1 i roto i te 400 nga tikanga.

He iti noa iho te tūponotanga ka pā te ngira ki tō pēpi i te wā o te mahi. Ahakoa he mea e whakatūpato ana, he tino onge te whara nui ki te pēpi nā te mea ka mahia te mahi i raro i te ārahitanga tonu o te ultrasound, ā, ka neke noa atu ngā pēpi i te ngira.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te amniocentesis?

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi tohumate e whakatūpato ana i muri i te amniocentesis. Ahakoa te nuinga o ngā wāhine ka ora me te kore raruraru, mā te mōhio ki ngā mea hei mātakitaki ka mōhio koe ki te whiwhi i te manaakitanga tere mēnā e hiahiatia ana.

Waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe te kirika, te mākākā, ngā tohu rānei o te mate. Ko te nui o te toto e mākū ana i te pēpa neke atu i te kotahi i te hāora, te mamae nui o te puku, te kōpū rānei, te wai e turuturu ana i tō tara, he take anō hoki kia rapua tonu te manaakitanga hauora. Ka tohu pea ēnei tohumate i ngā raruraru e hiahia ana ki te rongoā tere.

I tua atu, mēnā ka kite koe i te hekenga o te nekehanga o te pēpi, he āwangawanga rānei mō te oranga o tō pēpi i muri i te mahi, kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapā atu ki tō rōpū hauora. He pai ake ki a rātou te tirotiro i a koe, me te kite he pai ngā mea katoa, i te ngaro i tētahi mea nui.

Ko te nuinga o ngā tākuta ka whakarite i tētahi tūpono whai muri i roto i ngā rā torutoru ki te wiki i muri i te mahi ki te tirotiro i tō whakaoranga, me te kōrero mō ngā hua tuatahi mēnā e wātea ana. Kia mau ki tēnei tūpono ahakoa kei te pai koe, he wāhanga nui tēnei o tō manaakitanga.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te amniocentesis

He pai te whakamātautau amniocentesis mō te kite i te mate Down syndrome?

Āe, he pai te amniocentesis mō te kite i te mate Down syndrome, me te reiti tika neke atu i te 99%. Kāore i rite ki ngā whakamātautau tātari e whakatau ana i te tūponotanga, ka whai wāhi te amniocentesis ki te tātai i te tātaritanga mā te tirotiro i ngā chromosomes tūturu o tō pēpi i roto i te wai amniotic.

Ka taea e te whakamātautau te kite i te mate a Down (trisomy 21) me ētahi atu āhuatanga chromosomal pēnei i te mate a Edwards (trisomy 18) me te mate a Patau (trisomy 13). Mēnā kua whai koe i ngā whakamātautau tātari e whakaatu ana i te piki ake o te tūponotanga mō te mate a Down, ka taea e te amniocentesis te whakahoki mārama mō te pānga ki tō pēpi.

He nui ake te tau o te whaea ka piki ake te hiahia mō te amniocentesis?

Ko te tau o te whaea (35 tau me te pakeke ake) ka piki ake te tūponotanga ka tūtohu tō tākuta i te amniocentesis, engari ko te tau anake e kore e whakatau mēnā e hiahia ana koe i te whakamātautau. Ka piki ake te tūponotanga o ngā āhuatanga chromosomal me te tau o te whaea, ka piki mai i te 1 i roto i te 1,250 i te 25 tau ki te 1 i roto i te 100 i te 40 tau.

Heoi, ko te whakatau ki te whai amniocentesis me whakatakoto i runga i ō āhuatanga takitahi, tae atu ki ngā hua o te whakamātautau tātari, te hītori o te whānau, me ngā hiahia whaiaro. He maha ngā wāhine neke atu i te 35 tau te pakeke e whiriwhiri ana ki te whai i ngā whakamātautau tātari tuatahi-toru marama, tuarua-toru marama rānei, kātahi ka whakatau mō te amniocentesis i runga i aua hua.

Ka taea e te amniocentesis te kite i ngā mate ira katoa?

Kāore, e kore e taea e te amniocentesis te kite i ngā mate ira katoa, engari ka taea e ia te tautuhi i te maha o ngā mea nui. He pai rawa te whakamātautau ki te kite i ngā āhuatanga chromosomal me ngā āhuatanga ira motuhake e whakamātautauhia ana e tō tākuta i runga i tō hītori whānau, i te takenga mai rānei.

Ko te amniocentesis paerewa te tikanga e whakamātautau ana mō ngā āhuatanga chromosomal noa pēnei i te mate a Down, te mate a Edwards, me te mate a Patau, me ngā hē ngongo neural pēnei i te spina bifida. Ka taea te mahi i te whakamātautau ira anō i runga i te tauira kotahi mēnā he āhuatanga tūpono ō te mate tūturu motuhake pēnei i te cystic fibrosis, i te mate pūtau kōpaka rānei.

He mamae te amniocentesis?

Ko te nuinga o nga wahine e whakaahua ana i te amniocentesis he mea e kore e pai ana, kaua e mamae. Ka rongo pea koe i te pēhanga i te wā e kuhu ana te ngira, me ētahi kōpiko i te wā e tangohia ana te wai, he rite ki ngā kōpiko o te wā. Ko te kore e pai ana ka roa noa iho mō ētahi meneti i te wā o te tikanga.

Ka taea e tō tākuta te tuku rongoā ā-rohe hei whakangohe i te kiri i te wāhi kuhu, ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te kore e pai. He maha ngā wahine e kite ana he nui ake te āwangawanga i mua atu i te tikanga. Ko te manawa hōhonu, te manawa pōturi, me te whai i tētahi tangata tautoko i a koe ka āwhina i a koe kia pai ake te noho.

E hia te roa ki te tiki i ngā hua o te amniocentesis?

Ko te nuinga o ngā hua o te amniocentesis ka wātea i roto i te 1 ki te 2 wiki i muri i te tikanga. Kei te whakawhirinaki te wā ki ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana me te taiwhanga motuhake e tukatuka ana i tō tauira. Ka taea pea te whakarite i ētahi tātaritanga chromosomal taketake i mua atu, i te wā e roa ake ai te whakamātautau ira tangata uaua.

Ko te tikanga ka waea atu tō tākuta ki a koe me ngā hua, kaua e tatari mō tētahi whakaritenga kua whakaritea, ina koa ka kitea ētahi āhuatanga rereke. Ka whakarite rātou i tētahi haerenga whai muri hei kōrero taipitopito mō ngā hua me te whakautu i ō pātai mō te tikanga o ēnei mō tō hapū.