He aha te Mammogram? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me ngā Hua

He whakamātau X-ray te mammogram o ō u, e āwhina ana i ngā tākuta ki te kite i te mate pukupuku u me ētahi atu āhuatanga o te u i te wā wawe. Mā tēnei whakamātau whakaahua motuhake e kite i ngā huringa i roto i te kiko u e kore pea e rongo i te wā o te whakamātau tinana, e waiho ana hei taputapu nui ki te pupuri i te hauora o te u.

Whakaarohia te mammogram hei tirotiro haumaru mō ō u. Pērā i te mea ka tirotirohia tō waka i ngā wā katoa ki te kite i ngā raruraru i mua i te pūngia, ka āwhina ngā mammogram ki te kite i ngā huringa u i te wā e tino taea ana te rongoā.

He aha te mammogram?

Ka whakamahi te mammogram i ngā X-ray iti-pūngao ki te hanga whakaahua taipitopito o roto o ō u. I te wā o te whakamātau, ka whakatakotohia e te tohunga hangarau tō u i waenga i ngā pereti kirihou e rua e kōpeke ana i te kiko kia horahia kia ōrite.

Ka pōrangi pea tēnei kōpeketanga mō tētahi wā, engari e tika ana kia whiwhi whakaahua mārama o te kiko u katoa. Ko te katoa o te hātepe e pā ana ki te 20 meneti, ahakoa ko te kōpeketanga tūturu e pā ana ki te hēkona ruarua mō ia whakaahua.

E rua ngā momo mammogram ka tūtaki pea koe. Ko te mammogram tātari e tirotiro ana mō te mate pukupuku u i roto i ngā wāhine kāore he tohu, i te wā e tirotirohia ana e te mammogram tātaritanga ngā āwangawanga motuhake pērā i ngā puku, i te mamae u rānei.

He aha te take ka mahia te mammogram?

Ka mahia ngā mammogram i te tuatahi ki te tātari mō te mate pukupuku u i mua i te rongo o koe, o tō tākuta rānei i ngā puku. Mā te kite wawe mā te mammography e kite i ngā mate pukupuku i te wā e iti ana, kāore anō kia horahia ki ngā pona rākau.

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te mammogram mēnā ka kite koe i ngā huringa i roto i ō u. Ko ēnei huringa ka uru pea ki ngā puku, te mamae u, te rerenga nipple, ngā huringa kiri rānei pērā i te pōkae, te kōpū rānei.

Ko te nuinga o nga whakahaere rongoa e kii ana kia timata nga wahine i te tirotiro mammogram i waenga i te 40 me te 50 tau, i runga i o raatau mea morearea. Ko nga wahine he nui ake nga mea morearea, penei i te hitori o te mate pukupuku u i roto i te whanau, i nga huringa ira penei i te BRCA1, BRCA2 ranei, tera pea me timata wawe te tirotiro.

He aha te tikanga mo te mammogram?

He tika te tikanga mammogram, a, i te nuinga o te wa ka mahia i roto i te hōhipera, i te pokapū whakaahua ranei. Ka tonohia koe ki te tango i o kakahu mai i te hope ki runga, ka mau i te kakahu hōhipera e tuwhera ana i mua.

Anei nga mea ka tupu i te wa o to whakaritenga mammogram:

1. Ka tuu te tohunga hangarau i a koe e tu ana i mua i te miihini mammography
2. Ka tuu to u ki runga i te pereti kirihou marama
3. Ka heke mai tetahi atu pereti mai i runga, ka kōpeke i tō u kia horahia te kiko
4. Ka tonohia koe kia pupuri i to manawa mo etahi hēkona i te wa e tangohia ana te hihi X
5. Ka tukuna ano te tukanga mai i nga koki rereke, e rua nga tirohanga mo ia u
6. Ko te tikanga katoa ka 10-15 meneti te roa

Ka raru pea te kōpeketanga, engari he poto, he mea tika mo nga whakaahua marama. Ko etahi wahine e pai ana ki te whakarite i ta ratou mammogram mo te wiki i muri i to ratou wa, i te wa e iti ake ana te ngawari o nga u.

Me pehea te whakarite mo to mammogram?

He ngawari te whakarite mo to mammogram, ka awhina i te whakarite i nga whakaahua pai rawa atu. Ko te mea nui ko te karo i te whakamahi i te deodorant, antiperspirant, paura, hinu ranei i runga i ou u, i ou ringa ranei i te ra o to whakamatautau.

Ka puta enei hua hei wahi ma i runga i nga whakaahua mammogram, ka pohehe pea mo nga mea rereke. Ki te wareware koe, ka whakamahi i enei hua, kaua e māharahara – ka whai muru te whare ki te horoi atu.

Whakaarohia enei tohutohu whakarite hei whakamarie i to wheako:

• Mau he kākahu e rua ngā wāhanga kia tangohia anake tō tōpū
• Whakaritea tō mammogram mō te wiki i muri i tō wā, i te wā e iti ake ana te ngawari o ō u
• Kaua e kai kawhe i mua i tō whakaritenga, nā te mea ka nui ake te ngawari o te u
• Mau mai he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e inu ana koe
• Whakamōhio atu ki te tohunga hangarau mēnā he whakauru u tō, kua poka rānei i ō u

Mēnā kei te hapū koe, kei te whakaaro rānei koe kei te hapū koe, whakamōhio atu ki tō tākuta i mua i te whakarite i tō mammogram. Ahakoa he haumaru te mammograms, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia tatari koe, kia whakamahi rānei i ētahi atu tikanga whakaahua.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua mammogram?

Ko te tikanga ka pūrongohia ngā hua mammogram mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha e kiia nei ko BI-RADS, ko te tikanga ko Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. Mā tēnei pūnaha paerewa e āwhina ngā tākuta ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mārama mō ngā kitenga me te whakatau i te manaaki whai muri e hiahia ana koe.

Ka whakarōpūhia ō hua i runga i te tauine mai i te 0 ki te 6, me ia tau e tohu ana i tētahi kitenga motuhake:

1. BI-RADS 0: E hiahiatia ana he whakaahua atu – kāore tēnei e kī ana he mea he, engari e hiahiatia ana ētahi atu pikitia
2. BI-RADS 1: Mammogram noa – kāore he tohu o te mate pukupuku, ētahi atu kitenga nui rānei
3. BI-RADS 2: Kitenga pai – ngā huringa kāore i te mate pukupuku kāore e hiahiatia he whai muri
4. BI-RADS 3: Tērā pea he pai – he iti te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku, e tūtohu ana te whai muri i te wā poto
5. BI-RADS 4: Te āhua whakapae – me whakaaro ki te koiora
6. BI-RADS 5: He tino whakaaro ki te mate pukupuku – e tino tūtohu ana te koiora
7. BI-RADS 6: Mate pukupuku mōhio – whakamahia mō ngā mammograms i mahia i muri i te tātaritanga mate pukupuku

Ko te nuinga o ngā hua mammogram ka taka ki ngā kāwai 1, 2 rānei, ko te tikanga he kitenga noa, he pai rānei. Mēnā e whakaatu ana ō hua i te kāwai 3, teitei ake rānei, ka kōrero tō tākuta i ngā mahi e whai ake nei ki a koe, arā pea ko ētahi atu whakaahua, he koiora rānei.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā hua mammogram rereke?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka whakanui ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whai huringa ka puta i runga i tō mammogram, ahakoa he mea nui kia mahara kāore te nuinga o ngā huringa u e pā ana ki te mate pukupuku. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau mō tō hauora u.

Ko te pakeke te āhuatanga tūpono nui rawa atu mō te mate pukupuku u me ngā kitenga mammogram koretake. I te wā e pakeke haere ana koe, ka piki ake tō tūponotanga, ko te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku u ka puta i roto i ngā wāhine neke atu i te 50 tau.

Koinei ngā āhuatanga tūpono nui ka pā ki ngā hua o tō mammogram:

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• Te hītori o te whānau mō te mate pukupuku u, te mate pukupuku ovarian rānei, ina koa i roto i ngā whanaunga tata
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• Te hītori whaiaro mō te mate pukupuku u, ētahi āhuatanga u pai rānei
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• Ngā huringa ira pēnei i te BRCA1, BRCA2, ētahi atu rānei o ngā mate pukupuku tuku iho
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• Te kiko u mātotoru, ka uaua ake ai te pānui i ngā mammogram
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• Te rongoā iraruke o mua ki te uma, ina koa i te tamarikitanga
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• Te whakamahi rongoā whakakapi homoni mō te wā roa
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• Kāore anō kia whai tamariki, i whai tamariki rānei i muri i te 30 tau
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• Te tīmatanga o te wāhine i te wā tōmua (i mua i te 12 tau) te menopause rānei i te wā mutunga (i muri i te 55 tau)
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Ko te whai i tētahi, neke atu rānei i ngā āhuatanga tūpono, kāore i te kī ka whanake koe i te mate pukupuku u. He maha ngā wāhine e whai ana i ngā āhuatanga tūpono kāore rawa i te whanake i te mate, i te wā e whai ana ētahi atu kāore he āhuatanga tūpono e mōhiotia.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i ngā mammogram?

Ko ngā mammogram he tikanga haumaru tonu me ngā tūponotanga iti. He iti noa te rongoā iraruke mai i te mammogram – tata ki te nui e whiwhi ana koe mai i te iraruke papamuri i roto i ngā wiki e whitu o te oranga o ia rā.

Ko te

• Te mamae o te u, te pānga rānei mai i te kōpeketanga
• Ngā hua pai teka e āhei ana te whakapōrearea me te arahi ki ngā whakamātautau whai-muri e kore e tika ana
• Ngā hua kino teka e kore e kite i ētahi mate pukupuku, ina koa ki ngā wāhine he kiko u mātotoru
• Te pānga o te iraruke, ahakoa he iti rawa te tūponotanga
• Te karanga anō mō ētahi atu whakaahua, ka puta i te 10% pea o ngā mammograms arotake

He nui ake ngā painga o te mammography i ngā tūponotanga iti nei mō te nuinga o ngā wāhine. Ki te whai āwangawanga koe mō tētahi āhuatanga o te mammography, kōrerohia ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta mō ngā hua mammogram?

Ka tukuna ngā hua o tō mammogram ki tō tākuta, māna koe e whakapā atu ki ngā kitenga. E hiahiatia ana te nuinga o ngā whare ki te tuku i te whakarāpopototanga o ō hua i roto i ngā rā 30, ahakoa he maha e tuku ana i ngā hua i mua atu.

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kore koe e rongo mō ō hua i roto i ngā wiki e rua i muri i tō mammogram. Kaua e whakaaro he pai te rongo kore – he mea nui te whai i ngā whakamātautau rongoā katoa.

Anei ētahi āhuatanga motuhake me whakapā atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora:

• Kāore anō koe i whiwhi i ō hua i roto i ngā wiki e rua
• He pātai āu mō ō hua kāore i whakamāramahia mārama
• E whakaatu ana ō hua me whai whakaahua anō koe, he whai-muri rānei
• Ka kite koe i ngā huringa u hou i muri i tō mammogram
• Kei te tika koe mō tō mammogram arotake e whai ake nei

Kia mahara he mea noa te karangatia anō mō ētahi atu whakaahua, kāore hoki e kī ana he mate pukupuku tōu. Kei te reira tō tākuta hei ārahi i a koe i roto i te tukanga me te whakautu i ngā pātai katoa kei a koe.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō ngā mammograms

Q1: He pai te arotake mammogram mō te kite i te mate pukupuku u?

Āe, he tino whai hua te arotake mammogram mō te kimi wawe i te mate pukupuku u. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e te arotake mammogram auau te whakaiti i te mate o te mate pukupuku u mā te 20-40% i roto i ngā wāhine neke atu i te 40 tau.

Ka taea e ngā mammogram te kimi i ngā mate pukupuku u e rua tau i mua i te rongo i te wā o te whakamātautau tinana. Ko te kimi wawe i tēnei wā ka hua mai i ngā puku iti kāore anō i horapa ki ngā pona roro, e arahi ana ki ngā hua pai ake o te rongoā me ngā reiti oranga.

Q2: He pānga ā te kiko u mātotoru ki ngā hua mammogram?

Āe, ka taea e te kiko u mātotoru te uaua ake te pānui tika i ngā mammogram. Ka puta te kiko mātotoru he mā i runga i ngā mammogram, he rite ki te ahua o ngā puku, e taea ai te huna i te mate pukupuku, te hanga rānei i ngā whakatūpato teka.

Mēnā he u mātotoru ō, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā tikanga arotake atu pēnei i te ultrasound u, te MRI rānei me ō mammogram auau. Tata ki te 40% o ngā wāhine he kiko u mātotoru, nō reira kāore koe i te takitahi mēnā e pā ana tēnei ki a koe.

Q3: Kia hia ngā wā ka tika kia whiwhi mammogram au?

Me tīmata te nuinga o ngā wāhine ki te whiwhi mammogram ā-tau i waenga i te 40-50 tau, i runga i ō rātou āhuatanga tūpono me ngā tūtohutanga a tō rātou tākuta. Ko ngā wāhine e nui ake ana te tūpono ka hiahia pea ki te tīmata wawe, me te nui ake o te arotake.

Ka rerekē pea te wā tika i runga i tō āhuatanga takitahi, te hītori o te whānau, me ngā āhuatanga tūpono whaiaro. Ka taea e tō kaiwhakarato hauora te āwhina i te whakatau i te hōtaka arotake pai mō ō āhuatanga motuhake.

Q4: Ka taea e au te whiwhi mammogram mēnā he whakauru u taku?

Āe, ka taea e koe, me whiwhi tonu mammogram mēnā he whakauru u ō. Heoi, e hiahia ana te tikanga i ngā tikanga motuhake, ā, ka roa pea i te mammogram paerewa.

Me tango e te tohunga hangarau ngā whakaahua atu hei kite i te taha me te muri o ngā whakauru. Me mōhio ki te whare i te wā e whakarite ana koe i tō rārangi, he whakauru ō, kia taea ai e rātou te whakamahere tika, me te whakarite kia mōhio te tohunga hangarau ki te whakaahua whakauru.

Q5: He aha te mea ka tupu ki te whakaatu te mammogram i te hē?

Ki te whakaatu te mammogram i te hē, kāore i te kī tonu he mate pukupuku tō. He maha ngā hē ka puta he huringa pai (kāore he mate pukupuku) pēnei i ngā pūpū, fibroadenomas, rānei te kiko kiko.

Tērā pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta i ētahi atu whakamātautau pēnei i te mammography tātaritanga, te ultrasound u, te biopsy rānei kia nui ake ngā kōrero. Ko te nuinga o ngā wāhine e karangatia ana mō ētahi atu whakamātautau kāore he mate pukupuku, nā reira kaua e mataku i te wā e tatari ana mō ētahi atu kōrero.