Icyo Amiodarone ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwa dose, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Amiodarone ni umuti ukomeye uvura umutima ufasha kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima udasanzwe. Uyu muti ukora ugarura imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu mutima wawe, ugatuma utera neza kandi utegerejwe.

Niba muganga wawe yaraguhaye amiodarone, birashoboka ko urimo guhangana n'uburwayi bukomeye bw'umutima bugomba kwitabwaho cyane. Nubwo uyu muti ushobora kugira akamaro kanini, bisaba gukurikiranwa hafi kuko bigira ingaruka ku ngingo nyinshi zo mu mubiri wawe.

Amiodarone ni iki?

Amiodarone ni umwe mu miti yitwa imiti irwanya arrhythmia, by'umwihariko umuti urwanya arrhythmia wo mu cyiciro cya III. Ni umwe mu miti ikomeye cyane iboneka mu kuvura indwara ziteye ubuzima bw'umuntu akaga z'umutima.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa mu kuvura arrhythmia zikomeye (umuvuduko w'umutima udasanzwe) zititabira neza izindi nshuti. Tekereza nk'igikoresho cyihariye abashinzwe amashanyarazi bashobora gukoresha mu bibazo bigoye byo gushyiraho insinga - ni gikomeye kandi gifite akamaro, ariko bisaba ubuhanga kugikoresha neza.

Amiodarone iboneka mu buryo bw'ibinini byo kunywa kugira ngo bivurwe igihe kirekire, nubwo biboneka kandi nk'urukingo rw'igihe cyihutirwa mu bitaro. Uburyo bwo kunywa ni bwo abantu benshi bafata mu rugo kugira ngo bakomeze kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima.

Amiodarone ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Amiodarone ivura ibibazo bikomeye, biteye ubuzima bw'umuntu akaga by'umutima imiti yindi itabashije kugenzura neza. Muganga wawe aguhereza uyu muti iyo inyungu zigaragara neza kurusha ingaruka.

Indwara nyamukuru amiodarone ivura zirimo ventricular tachycardia (umuvuduko w'umutima wihuta cyane uva mu byumba byo hepfo) na ventricular fibrillation (umuvuduko w'umutima utagira gahunda, uteje ubuzima akaga). Ikoreshwa kandi mu kuvura atrial fibrillation ititabira izindi nshuti.

Rimwe na rimwe, abaganga bakoresha amiodarone ku bindi bibazo bikomeye by'umutima nka atrial flutter cyangwa supraventricular tachycardia igihe imiti ya mbere itagize icyo ikora. Uyu muti ufasha kwirinda urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima ku bantu bafite ibibazo by'umutima bikomeye.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, amiodarone ishobora kwandikwa ku bibazo by'umutima by'umurage cyangwa ku bantu bafite umutima wananiwe bafite ibibazo by'umutima bikomeye. Muganga wawe w'umutima azagenzura neza uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze mbere yo kugusaba uyu muti.

Amiodarone ikora ite?

Amiodarone ikora ibuza inzira nyinshi z'amashanyarazi mu mikaya y'umutima wawe, ibi bifasha guhagarika imirimo y'umutima idahwitse. Ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye cyane kuko ugira ingaruka ku miyoboro itandukanye ya ion itegeka imirimo y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe.

Uyu muti wongera igihe umutima wawe ufata kugira ngo usubiremo imirimo yawo hagati y'umutima, ibi bikabuza umutima gutera vuba cyane. Ibi bituma umutima wawe ufata umwanya wo kuzuza amaraso no kuyasohora neza.

Bitandukanye n'imiti itagira imbaraga yo mu mutima ishobora guhagarika inzira imwe gusa y'amashanyarazi, amiodarone igira ingaruka kuri sodium, potassium, na calcium. Ubu buryo bwo gukora ku bintu byinshi butuma ikora neza ku bibazo bikomeye by'umutima ariko kandi byongera amahirwe yo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'uyu muti.

Amiodarone kandi igira ingaruka ku misemburo ya thyroïde n'izindi ngingo kuko irimo iodine kandi ikaba mu mubiri wawe igihe kirekire cyane. Ibi nibyo bituma kugenzura buri gihe ari ngombwa cyane iyo ufata uyu muti.

Nkwiriye gufata amiodarone nte?

Fata amiodarone nk'uko muganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi hamwe n'ibiryo kugira ngo ugabanye ibibazo byo mu nda. Uyu muti winjira neza iyo ufashwe n'ibiryo, cyane cyane ibirimo amavuta.

Muganga wawe akenshi azagutangiza ku "dosi" ndende mu byumweru bike bya mbere, hanyuma akayigabanya ikagera ku rugero ruto rwo kuyigumana. Iki gihe cyo gutangira gifasha umuti kwiyongera mu mibiri yawe aho ukeneye gukora.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure kinini cy'amazi - ntukabikoremo agahinda, ntukabumire, cyangwa ubimenagure. Gerageza gufata imiti yawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urugero rwo hejuru mu maraso yawe.

Irinde imbuto za pome n'umutobe wazo mugihe ufata amiodarone, kuko bishobora kongera urugero rw'umuti mu mubiri wawe. Ugomba kandi kugabanya imirasire y'izuba kandi ukambara imyenda ikwiranye no kwirinda izuba ndetse n'isukura iyo uri hanze, kuko amiodarone ituma uruhu rwawe rworoha cyane ku mirasire y'izuba.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafashe Amiodarone?

Igihe cyo kuvura na amiodarone gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'uburwayi bw'umutima bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo witwara neza ku muti. Abantu bamwe barayikeneye mu mezi, abandi bashobora kuyikeneye imyaka cyangwa ndetse no kuvurwa ubuzima bwabo bwose.

Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe niba ugikeneye amiodarone akoresheje kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe no kureba ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Bazakoresha ibikoresho nk'ibipimo bya EKG, ibizamini by'amaraso, rimwe na rimwe n'ibikoresho bigenzura umuvuduko w'umutima kugira ngo bagenzure iterambere ryawe.

Kubera ko amiodarone iguma mu mibiri yawe igihe kirekire cyane, ingaruka zayo zirashobora kumara ibyumweru cyangwa ndetse n'amezi nyuma yo kuyihagarika. Ibi bivuze ko muganga wawe azakenera kugukurikiranira hafi mugihe icyo aricyo cyose cyo guhinduka.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata amiodarone ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe, kuko ibi bishobora gutera impinduka ziteje akaga ku muvuduko w'umutima. Niba ukeneye guhagarika umuti, muganga wawe azakora gahunda yitondewe yo kuguha umutekano.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Amiodarone?

Amiodarone irashobora gutera ingaruka zitandukanye kuva ku zoroheje kugeza ku zikomeye, niyo mpamvu muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi mugihe cyose cyo kuvurwa. Ingaruka nyinshi zifitanye isano n'igihe umuti umara mu mibiri yawe.

Ibi ni bimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bishobora kukubaho, kandi ni ngombwa kumenya ko abantu benshi banyarizwa n'uyu muti neza nubwo ibi bishoboka:

• Urugimbu, kuruka, cyangwa kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Umunaniro cyangwa intege nke
• Urugero cyangwa guhumirwa
• Kugorana kw'igifu
• Ibazo byo gusinzira cyangwa inzozi zigaragara
• Uburyohe bw'icyuma mu kanwa kawe
• Uruhuka rw'uruhu ku zuba

Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara akenshi biragenda bikemuka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti, ariko buri gihe ganira ku mpungenge zose n'umuganga wawe.

Ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga, nubwo bitajyenda bibaho kenshi. Muganga wawe azareba ibi binyuze mu gukurikirana buri gihe:

• Ibibazo by'ibihaha (gukorora, guhumeka bigoranye, kuribwa mu gituza)
• Ibibazo by'umwijima (guhinduka umuhondo kw'uruhu cyangwa amaso, inkari z'umukara, umunaniro ukabije)
• Ibibazo bya tiroyide (impinduka zikomeye z'uburemere, umutima utera cyane, gucuruka cyangwa kumva ukonje cyane)
• Impinduka mu iyerekwa (kureba nabi, kubona imizunguruko y'urumuri)
• Guhinduka kw'ibara ry'uruhu (ibara ry'ubururu-buseruka, cyane cyane ku maso n'intoki)
• Ibibazo bishya cyangwa bikomeza by'umuvuduko w'umutima

Izi ngaruka zikomeye niyo mpamvu kugenzura buri gihe no gupima amaraso ari ngombwa cyane mugihe ufata amiodarone.

Ingaruka zidakunze kugaragara ariko zikomeye zirimo gushwanyagurika gukabije kw'ibihaha (pulmonary fibrosis), kwangirika gukabije kw'umwijima, cyangwa imiyaga ya tiroyide ikomeye. Muganga wawe azakugenzura akoresheje imirasire ya X yo mu gituza, ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha, ibizamini by'amaraso, n'ibizamini by'amaso kugirango amenye ibibazo byose hakiri kare.

Ninde utagomba gufata Amiodarone?

Abantu bamwe ntibagomba gufata amiodarone kubera kwiyongera kw'ibibazo bikomeye. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata amiodarone niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima nk'uburwayi bukomeye bwa bradycardia (umuvuduko w'umutima utinda cyane) cyangwa guhagarara k'umutima udafite pacemaker. Uyu muti ushobora gutuma ibi bibazo birushaho kuba bibi mu gutinda umuvuduko w'umutima wawe.

Abantu bafite indwara ikomeye y'umwijima, indwara ikomeye y'ibihaha, cyangwa ibibazo bya thyroid bitavurwa, akenshi ntibagomba gufata amiodarone. Uyu muti ushobora gukomeza ibi bibazo cyangwa kubigora kubivura.

Niba utwite cyangwa wonka, amiodarone ntisabwa muri rusange kuko ishobora gukomeretsa umwana ukiri mu nda cyangwa ikinjira mu mata. Muganga wawe azaganira ku zindi nzira zitunganye niba uteganya gutwita.

Bwira muganga wawe imiti yose urimo gufata, kuko amiodarone ifitanye isano n'imiti myinshi irimo warfarin, digoxin, na antibiotics zimwe na zimwe. Izi sano zirashobora kuba zikomeye kandi zigasaba guhindura doze cyangwa izindi mvura.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Amiodarone

Amiodarone iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubwoko, aho Cordarone na Pacerone ari yo asanzwe akoreshwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika. Urugero rusanzwe rwitwa gusa "amiodarone" ruraboneka kandi rukora kimwe.

Farumasi yawe ishobora gusimbuza hagati y'ubwoko rusange n'ubwoko bw'izina ryawo keretse muganga wawe abitegetse ukundi. Ubwoko bwose bwemewe na FDA burimo ikintu kimwe gikora kandi kigomba gukora neza kuri urwo rugero rwawe.

Abantu bamwe babona itandukaniro rito mu buryo bumva hagati y'ubwoko rusange n'ubwoko bw'izina ryawo, nubwo imikorere y'uyu muti ikomeza kuba imwe. Niba ufite impungenge zo guhindura hagati y'ubwoko, ganira ibi na muganga wawe na farumasi.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Amiodarone

Imiti myinshi ishobora kuvura ibibazo by'umutima, nubwo guhitamo biterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi. Muganga wawe azatekereza izi nzira zo gusimbuza hashingiwe ku miterere yawe bwite.

Izindi imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima harimo flecainide, propafenone, sotalol, na dofetilide ku bwoko runaka bwa arrhythmia. Iyi miti ifite ingaruka zitandukanye kandi ishobora gukwira abantu bamwe.

Ubuvuzi butakoresha imiti nk'ubuvuzi bwa catheter ablation (uburyo bwangiza ahantu hari ikibazo mu mutima) cyangwa ibikoresho bishyirwa mu mubiri nk'imashini zongera umuvuduko w'amaraso cyangwa defibrillators bishobora kuba amahitamo ku bantu bamwe. Ubu buvuzi rimwe na rimwe bushobora gukuraho gukenera imiti igihe kirekire.

Ku bijyanye na atrial fibrillation by'umwihariko, imiti mishya nka dronedarone ishobora gutekerezwa, nubwo itagira imbaraga nka amiodarone ku bijyanye na arrhythmia ikomeye. Umuganga wawe w'umutima azagufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza bukwiriye imiterere yawe.

Ese Amiodarone iruta izindi miti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima?

Amiodarone akenshi irusha izindi miti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima mu kurwanya arrhythmia ikomeye, itera ubuzima bw'umuntu ibibazo, ni yo mpamvu abaganga bayihitamo nubwo ishobora gutera ingaruka. Ifasha cyane mu gukumira urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima ku barwayi bafite ibyago byinshi.

Ugereranije n'izindi miti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima, amiodarone ntishobora gutera impinduka ziteye akaga ku mutima (zifite izina rya proarrhythmia). Ibi bituma iba nziza ku bantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'umutima cyangwa guhagarara k'umutima.

Ariko, amiodarone ifite ingaruka nyinshi zitari iz'umutima kurusha izindi miti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima, zigira ingaruka ku muhaha, umwijima, imisemburo ya thyroïde, n'izindi ngingo. Iyi ni yo mpamvu abaganga bakoresha cyane cyane mu bihe bikomeye aho izindi mvura zitagize icyo zikora.

Umuti

Yego, amiodarone akenshi ifatwa nk'umuti ufite umutekano ku bantu bafite umutima wananiwe kandi akenshi niwo batoranya kuri abo bantu. Bitandukanye n'indi miti imwe n'imwe ivura umutima, amiodarone ntigabanya ubushobozi bw'umutima bwo kuvura.

Mu by'ukuri, amiodarone akenshi atoranywa by'umwihariko ku bantu bafite umutima wananiwe kuko bidashoboka ko byongera ikibazo cyabo mugihe bagikoresha neza mu kuvura indwara ziteye akaga. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko bushobora kugabanya ibyago byo gupfa urupfu rutunguranye ku barwayi bafite umutima wananiwe.

Muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi, kuko abarwayi bafite umutima wananiwe bashobora kwitwara nabi ku ngaruka zimwe na zimwe za amiodarone. Kugenzura buri gihe bifasha kumenya neza ko umuti ukomeza kugufasha utaguteye ibibazo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye amiodarone nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyweye amiodarone nyinshi bitunguranye, vugana na muganga wawe, ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara, cyangwa icyumba cyihutirwa ako kanya. Kunywa umuti mwinshi bishobora gutera impinduka ziteye akaga mu mutima, isesemi ikabije, cyangwa izindi ngorane zikomeye.

Ntugategereze ngo urebe niba wumva umeze neza - ingaruka zo kunywa amiodarone nyinshi ntizishobora kugaragara ako kanya ariko zishobora kuba zikomeye. Zana icupa ry'umuti kugirango abaganga bamenye neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Mugihe utegereje ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi, ntugerageze kwisuka amavunja keretse niba ubisabwe n'umuganga. Guma utuje kandi ugerageze kwibuka neza igihe n'ingano y'umuti wanyoye wiyongereye.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa amiodarone?

Niba wibagiwe urugero rwa amiodarone, unywe ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereje urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muricyo gihe, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntunyweho urugero rurenze rumwe icyarimwe kugirango wuzuze urugero wibagiwe, kuko ibi bishobora gutera ingaruka ziteye akaga. Kubera ko amiodarone aguma mu mubiri wawe igihe kirekire, kwibagirwa urugero rumwe rimwe na rimwe ntizitera ibibazo ako kanya.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa imiti, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutsa kuri terefone yawe cyangwa ukoreshe agasanduku k'imiti. Kunywa imiti buri munsi bifasha kugumisha urugero rw'imiti mu mubiri kandi bitanga uburinzi bwiza ku mutima utagenda neza.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka kunywa Amiodarone?

Ugomba kureka kunywa amiodarone uyobowe n'umuganga wawe. Ntukigere ureka kunywa uyu muti ako kanya, kuko kubikora bishobora gutera impinduka ziteje akaga ku mutima zatumaga umuti utabaho.

Umuganga wawe azahitamo igihe cyiza cyo kureka bitewe n'uko umutima wawe ukora neza, indwara yawe y'umutima, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Bashobora gukoresha ibizamini byo kureba uko umutima ukora cyangwa ibindi bizamini kugirango bamenye niba bikenewe guhagarika kunywa uyu muti.

Niba uhagaritse kunywa amiodarone, wibuke ko iguma mu mubiri wawe mu byumweru cyangwa amezi nyuma yaho, bityo uzakenera gukomeza gukurikiranwa muri iki gihe cy'inzibacyuho. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba imiti yindi kugirango ugumane umutima ukora neza.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndimo kunywa Amiodarone?

Ni byiza kugabanya kunywa inzoga niba urimo kunywa amiodarone, kuko ibintu byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe n'imikorere y'umutima. Inzoga kandi ishobora kongera ingaruka zimwe na zimwe za amiodarone nk'isazi n'umunaniro.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga, bikore mu rugero ruto kandi ubiganireho n'umuganga wawe mbere. Bashobora kugugira inama bitewe n'ubuzima bwawe bwihariye n'uko umwijima wawe ukoresha neza uwo muti.

Ibizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe bizakurikirana imikorere y'umwijima wawe niba urimo kunywa amiodarone, kandi kunywa inzoga bishobora kugora ibi bisubizo cyangwa bikongera ibyago byo kurwara umwijima. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo cyiza ku buzima bwawe.