Kudozwa kwa Tamiflu ku bana hashingiwe ku rubyiruko guteganywa hashingiwe ku rubyiruko, atari ku myaka: kg 15 cyangwa munsi yazo bihabwa 30 mg (5 mL) kabiri ku munsi, hejuru ya kg 15 kugeza kuri 23 bihabwa 45 mg (7.5 mL), hejuru ya kg 23 kugeza kuri 40 bihabwa 60 mg (10 mL), kandi hejuru ya kg 40 bihabwa 75 mg (12.5 mL), mu gihe cy'iminsi 5.
TL;DR: Ibintu by'ingenzi wagenderaho
- Ibiro, atari isabukuru y'amavuko, ni byo bigena urumogi. Abana babiri b'imyaka imwe bashobora kuba mu byiciro bitandukanye.
- Uru rugi rwa litiro ni 6 mg kuri mL, bityo 30 mg ni 5 mL, 45 mg ni 7.5 mL, 60 mg ni 10 mL, na 75 mg ni 12.5 mL.
- Ubuvuzi bukorwa kabiri ku munsi mu gihe cy'iminsi 5. Bivuze ko ari 10 y'urumogi mu mwaka, kandi zose 10 zihabwa.
- Tamiflu ku bana munsi y'umwaka 1 ni ikipimo cya miligiramu kuri kilogarame cy'umubare umuvuzi w'umwana akora, atari icyiciro ufatira ku mbonerahamwe.
- Tangira mu gihe cy'amasaha 48 nyuma y'ibimenyetso bya mbere aho bishoboka.
Kudozwa kwa Tamiflu ku bana hashingiwe ku rubyiruko bikurikira ibiro by'umwana wawe, atari isabukuru y'amavuko ye
Ku bana b'imyaka 1 kugeza 12, kudozwa kwa Tamiflu ku bana hashingiwe ku rubyiruko bitangwa mu byiciro bine by'ibiro, buri kimwe gitangwa kabiri ku munsi mu gihe cy'iminsi 5: kg 15 cyangwa munsi yazo bihabwa 30 mg ku rumogi; hejuru ya kg 15 kugeza kuri 23 bihabwa 45 mg; hejuru ya kg 23 kugeza kuri 40 bihabwa 60 mg; kandi hejuru ya kg 40 bihabwa 75 mg. Imyaka ni yo igena ubuzima. Ibiro ni byo bigena umubare.
Impamvu ni ubuhanga bw'imiti bw'umwimerere bwitondewe: ku bana, ibiro by'umubiri bituma imvune y'ibikoresho bya kidneys itera imbere mu buryo bwihuse kuruta imyaka. Ni yo mpamvu umwana muto w'imyaka 5 n'umwana ukomeye w'imyaka 5 bashobora guhabwa udufuni dutandukanye n'udupfukamo dutandukanye, kandi ni yo mpamvu nta muntu ugomba gusoma urumogi ku isabukuru y'amavuko.
Bityo, uzane umwana mbere y'uko urumogi rutangazwa, cyangwa ukoreshe urumogi rw'umuvuzi w'umwana mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi, kandi uzirike mu bipimo bya kilogramu. Ibyiciro bine bivuye ku amakuru y'umuvuzi yemewe na FDA TAMIFLU, nayo itanga imipaka y'imyaka: ubuvuzi buriho kuva ku cyumweru cya 2, kandi kwirinda gusa kuva ku mwaka 1.
Imbonerahamwe ababyeyi bakenera cyane ihanganisha miligiramu na mililitiro
Imiterere myinshi y'imbonerahamwe ya Tamiflu y'urumogi hashingiwe ku rubyiruko igera ku miligiramu, kandi niwo mubare udashobora na rimwe kureba ku isaha ya 2 z'ijoro. Ugomba kureba mililitiro. Hano hari imbonerahamwe imwe ya Tamiflu y'urumogi hashingiwe ku rubyiruko n'impinduka zikozwe, ugizemo umubare wa 6 mg/mL suspension y'amazi.
Kudozwa kwa Tamiflu: ibyiciro by'ibiro ku bana (ubuvuzi)
| Icyiciro cy'ibiro | mg ku rumogi | mL ku rumogi kuri 6 mg/mL | Y'urumogi ku munsi | Iminsi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 kg cyangwa munsi yayo (hafi ya 33 lb cyangwa munsi yayo) | 30 mg | 5 mL | 2 | 5 |
| Hejuru ya 15 kg kugeza kuri 23 kg (hafi ya 33 kugeza 51 lb) | 45 mg | 7.5 mL | 2 | 5 |
| Hejuru ya 23 kg kugeza kuri 40 kg (hafi ya 51 kugeza 88 lb) | 60 mg | 10 mL | 2 | 5 |
| Hejuru ya 40 kg (hafi ya 88 lb kandi hejuru) | 75 mg | 12.5 mL | 2 | 5 |
Ibipimo bya pound ni impinduka zumvikana gusa kugirango byerekane. Icyiciro cy'ibiro ni uruzitiro rwa nyakuri rwo kudozwa, bityo umwana wegereye uruzitiro ahagarara ku bipimo by'ibiro, atari pound z'ibizunguruka. Umubare wa mL ubamo gusa niba udufuni ari oseltamivir suspension 6 mg/mL.
Kwihagararaho nyuma y'ivugururwa bikoresha icyiciro kimwe cy'ibiro ku bipimo bimwe bya miligiramu, ariko gitangwa rimwe ku munsi aho kwemerwa gusa kuva ku mwaka 1. Umubare w'iminsi bitwara bitewe n'ivugururwa, kandi umuvuzi wawe agena uwo mubare. Udufuni tuboneka muri 30 mg, 45 mg, na 75 mg kandi bikaba bihuje n'ibyiciro bimwe, bityo umwana mu cyiciro cya 60 mg akunda guhabwa udufuni tubiri twa 30 mg ku rumogi.
Ikiyiko cyo mu gikoni ni cyo gikoreshwa cyane ku mwana ngo abone urumogi rubi
Mbere yo gupima ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, menya ko umuvuzi w'ibiyobyabwenge afite oseltamivir suspension 6 mg/mL, kuko umuti w'umwimerere cyangwa uwundi w'ibipimo bitandukanye uhindura buri mL mu mbonerahamwe hejuru kandi urumogi rwa miligiramu rugahoraho. Baza, ntuzigere utekereza.
Hanyuma, koresha urushingiye cyangwa umuti w'amazi wakoreshejwe wahawe n'urwandiko rwa muganga, kandi uhindure mu mililitiro. Ikiyiko cyo mu gikoni nticyagenewe 5 mL, ikiyiko cyo mu gikoni nticyagenewe 15 mL, kandi ibikoresho by'imfungurwa bitandukana na mililitiro nyinshi mu gikoni kimwe. Shyira udufuni mu buryo bushyushye mbere y'ikoti ryose, uhore udufuni mu bushyushye nk'uko umukora abiteganya, kandi ntukakirekure.
Genentech, itunganya Tamiflu, ivuga ko gufata ikoti ryose hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa ibiryo byoroheye bifasha kugabanya indwara yo kuruka kandi bikagabanya isesemi mu buryo bwo kwirinda. Niba umwana wawe adashobora kumeza udufuni kandi suspension y'ibicuruzwa idahari, ubuyobozi bwa CDC bwo kuvura grippe ku bana bugaragaza ko udufuni twagenwe bushobora gufungurwa kandi bugahuzwa n'urugero rukomeye rw'ibinyobwa biryoshye.
Abana babyaye munsi y'umwaka 1 ntibameze nk'abana bato
Kudozwa kwa Oseltamivir ku bana babyaye munsi y'umwaka 1 ntibibaho na gato. Kuva ku cyumweru cya 2 kugeza ku mwaka 1, label ya FDA igaragaza 3 mg/kg ku rumogi kabiri ku munsi mu gihe cy'iminsi 5, kubarura bikorerwa ku rubyiruko rw'umwana kuri icyo gihe.
Impamvu ebyiri zirashobora gutera impungenge hano. Munsi y'icyumweru cya 2, nta rumogi rumenyerewe rubaho. Kandi buri kudozwa kwa oseltamivir ku bana babyaye munsi y'umwaka 1 bugomba kubarurwa kandi bugahabwa n'umuvuzi w'umwana aho kwibwiriza murugo guhereye ku mbonerahamwe yagenewe abatoto.
Kubyara mbere igihe bigarura impinduka. Ubuyobozi bwa CDC ku bidozwa ku bavuzi bwerekana impinduka ku bana babyaye mbere igihe nk'uko bafite imyaka: 1 mg/kg kabiri ku munsi munsi ya 38 minggu PMA, 1.5 mg/kg kabiri ku munsi kuri 38 kugeza 40 minggu PMA, kandi 3 mg/kg kabiri ku munsi hejuru ya 40 minggu PMA, bigaragaza uko imvune y'ibikoresho by'umwana mu buryo buhoro buhoro ikuraho urumogi. Kudozwa kw'ibirindira ntikugikoreshwa munsi y'umwaka 1 na gato. Ibipimo by'abana ni bike, akenshi munsi ya 2 mL, bityo baza umuvuzi w'ibiyobyabwenge ku rurimi rugaragaza 0.1 mL.
Tamiflu ku bana bugabanya grippe ku munsi umwe, ntibukayikize
Ibibazo: Tamiflu ku bana ni igikoresho, atari umuti. CDC ivuga ko ibinyobwa bya grippe bigabanya ibimenyetso kandi bugabanya indwara ku munsi umwe, kandi bushobora kugabanya ibibazo iyo bwatangiye bidatinze nyuma y'ibimenyetso byatangira. Umunsi uba ingenzi iyo umwana arwaye bikabije, ariko ntabwo bisa no kuzimya grippe.
Iyo nyungu ngufi nayo ni igihe cyo kwihutira, ni yo mpamvu isaha itera urubuga rw'icyemezo. Inyungu ni nyinshi iyo ubuvuzi butangiye vuba kandi byiza mu gihe cy'amasaha 48 nyuma yo gutangira ibimenyetso. CDC ihuriza ubuvuzi ku abana bari mu kaga, bivuze abana munsi y'imyaka 5 kandi byumvikana ko munsi y'imyaka 2, n'abana bafite asthama, diyabete, cyangwa indwara z'umutima cyangwa z'ibihaha. Ubuvuzi bukomeza kugirwa inama ku mwana wese w'umwana wakiriwe mu bitaro cyangwa ufite indwara ikabije, idafite ingaruka, cyangwa itera imbere, na nyuma y'isaha 48.
Igikwepere nticyigeze kibaho. Ni ukugirwa inama mbere y'uko uruzitiro rwa kare ruza. Ku wa gatatu ushize, kuva ku $39 umuvuzi wihutirwa kuri murandasi biguhuza n'umuvuzi wemewe na Amerika washobora gusuzuma indwara, ashobora gutanga ibizamini, kandi akaba agena niba antiviral ariyo ikwiriye umwana wawe. Ubugenzuzi bwo kuri murandasi ntibushobora kuguhesha ibiro by'umwana wawe, kandi ntishobora gusuzuma umwana w'umwana ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka. Uwo mwana akeneye ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ubu. Niba nawe ufata uburwayi, hano hari uko ibisubizo bya Tamiflu bikunda kugaragara ku bakuru.
Ibyimenyetso bimwe bisobanura ko ugomba guhagarika kubarura ibyakoreshejwe kandi ugasaba ubufasha ubu
Hamagaza 911 cyangwa jya ku cyumba cy'ibitaro byihutirwa ubu:
- Kuhumeka cyane, kugorana guhumeka, cyangwa amaguru y'umuntu akurura buri gihe cyo guhumeka
- Umunwa cyangwa ibikoresho by'ubururu, cyangwa ububabare mu gatuza
- Kubabara cyane kw'imitsi, cyangwa kwanga kugenda
- Gukonja, cyangwa kutamenya no kutavugana iyo wabutse
- Indwara ikabije: nta mpera mu gihe cy'amasaha 8, umunwa wumagaye, nta marira iyo urira
- Irari rya kijyambere rya 104°F ry'ibigize indwara ridakoreshejwe n'ibiyobyabwenge by'ikirari, cyangwa irari iryo ari ryo ryose mu mwana muto cyane wa mbere y'ibyumweru 12
- Kwihererana bushya, kwibagirwa, cyangwa imyitwarire idasanzwe nyuma yo gutangira oseltamivir
Iyo pawulo ya nyuma iriho ku label kubera impamvu: FDA prescribing information ivuga raporo z'inyuma z'ubuzima zerekana kwibagirwa no kwitwara idasanzwe bigatera ibikomere, harimo n'ibyo bapfuye, kandi bigatuma abaganga bashyiramo abaganga bashyiramo abaturage ko bashyirwa mu buzima bw'ubuzima. Ikindi cyose kuri uru rutonde kivuye kuri ibimenyetso ngaruka bya CDC mu bana.
Reba muganga mu cyumweru gitaha niba:
- Irari cyangwa inkorora iragabanuka, hanyuma igaruke cyangwa irushye
- Indwara y'igihe kirekire irushye
- Kuruka birinda umwana wawe gufata ibyavu kubera kuruka
- Ibyimenyetso bikomeza nyuma y'iminsi 5 yo kuvura irangiye
Vugana n'umuvuzi mbere yo gutangira niba:
- Umwana wawe ari munsi y'umwaka 1 cyangwa yavukiye kare cyane
- Umwana wawe afite indwara z'impyiko cyangwa impyiko idafite akamaro
- Umwana wawe yigeze agira reaction mbi ku oseltamivir mbere
- Umwana wawe afata ibindi bivurwa n'umuvuzi
Ibibazo bisanzwe bibazwa
Nzakore iki niba umwana wanjye yaragize isesemi cyangwa yazimije urumogi rwa Tamiflu?
Rimwe na rimwe dusubizamo. Ku rumogi rwo kuruka, kugusubizamo bikunda gutekerezwa gusa niba umwana yarongeye akaguruka mu gihe cy'iminota 15 yo kumeza, kandi gusa niba umuvuzi yemeye. Ku rumogi yazimiye, gira uwo mu gihe ukimubona, keretse niba urukwiye ari hafi, mu gihe cy'ikindi gihe, kirekura. Ntuzigere uhuza. Niba ibice bibiri byikurikirana byaragize isesemi, hamagara umuvuzi.
Generic oseltamivir irakoreshwa kimwe nka Tamiflu?
Yego. Kudozwa kwa Tamiflu ku bana ni kimwe ku gice cya generic oseltamivir phosphate: ibipimo bimwe bya miligiramu ku byiciro by'ibiro, gahunda imwe yo kabiri ku munsi, iminsi 5 imwe. Ubugabanywa bw'amazi bugaragara nka oseltamivir suspension 6 mg/mL, bityo umubare wa mL mu mbonerahamwe ubamo. Komeza gusoma ubushobozi bwasohotse ku label yawe mbere y'ikoti rya mbere, kuko uwo mubare, utari brand, niwo utera ubunini.
Umwana wanjye ashobora gufata acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen mu gihe afata Tamiflu?
Yego. Nta mugabanyijwe ubuzima ihindura urumogi rwa antiviral, kandi bombi bakunze guhabwa rimwe na rimwe. Gereranya umugabanyijwe ubuzima ku rubyiruko umwana wawe kandi, ukoresheje amabwiriza y'imyambarire ye cyangwa imibare ya muganga w'umwana. Ibibazo by'ukuri ni uguhuzwa: ibintu byinshi by'ibiribwa by'umunsi n'ibindi bihumuza akenshi by'amafuro birimo acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen, bityo uzane buri label mbere yo guhuza ibikoresho.
Umwana wanjye agomba kurangiza iminsi 5 yose nubwo yumva yumva neza nyuma ya 2?
Yego. Tangira iminsi 10 yose. Kumva ufite impinduka mu gihe uri kurya ni ibyo wateganyaga, atari ikimenyetso ko iminsi isigaye ari ngombwa. Guhagarika kare bugabanya imitsi y'ibinyobwa mugihe virusi ishobora kuba ikora. Niba umwana wawe adashobora kwihanganira iminsi isigaye kubera kuruka, icyo ni ikindi kizatuma uhamagaza umuvuzi aho guhagarika mu mucyo.
Umwana wanjye akeneye urumogi rutoya niba afite ibibazo by'impyiko?
Rimwe na rimwe. Mu rubyiruko rudafite akamaro, abavuzi bashobora kugabanya urumogi cyangwa kugabanya igihe hagati y'urumogi, kuko oseltamivir isohoka ku rubuto kandi ihuriramo iyo isohoka igabanutse. Ubwinshi bw'icyo kintu bitewe n'uko impyiko zawe zakomeretse. Umuganga w'umwana wawe cyangwa umuganga w'impyiko agena icyo, kandi bigomba kugaragara ku kwandika. Ntuzigere uhindura ibyavu murugo.
Ikigaragaza: uzane, uhuze, upime, urangize
Kudozwa kwa Tamiflu ku bana bigaragara muri intambwe enye. Ishyireho ibipimo by'ibiro mu bipimo by'ibiro, uhuze n'icyiciro, uhuze miligiramu na mililitiro kuri 6 mg/mL, kandi upime ufashishije urushingiye rwaje n'udufuni. Tangira mu gihe cy'amasaha 48 nyuma y'ibimenyetso bya mbere aho bishoboka, kandi utange iminsi 10 yose mu gihe cy'iminsi 5. Ibibazo byo kudozwa bifitanye isano n'umwana wawe bikomeza umuvuzi cyangwa umuvuzi w'ibiyobyabwenge.
Kwirengagiza: Iki kiganiro ni igikorwa cy'amakuru gusa kandi nticyemera inama za muganga. Wihangane wihanganye umuvuzi w'umwana ubishoboye kugira ngo ubone ubuvuzi n'ibibazo byo gufata imiti. Niba ufite ikibazo gikomeye, hamagara 911 cyangwa jya ku cyumba cy'ibitaro byihutirwa ubu.
