Nta munsi wihariye ubaho aho biba bitinze cyane gufata Tamiflu. Inyungu igaragara cyane mu masaha 48 ya mbere uhereye ku bimenyetso bya mbere, kandi igabanuka nyuma yaho, ariko CDC iracyakomeye ko utangira imiti ya oseltamivir igihe icyo aricyo cyose niba wajyanywe mu bitaro, ufite ibyago byinshi, cyangwa urushye.

TL;DR: Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka

  • Kuva ku munsi wa 1 kugera ku wa 2 uhereye ku bimenyetso bya mbere ni ikirere cy'amasaha 48 kuri Tamiflu n'igihe inyungu iba inini cyane.
  • Umugoroba wa 3 utanga inyungu nto ariko ihari, cyane cyane niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara bikomeye.
  • Kuva ku munsi wa 4 kugera ku wa 5 ku muntu mukuru muzima ntibishobora kugabanya ubwayo indwara.
  • Wajyanywe mu bitaro, urwaye bikomeye, cyangwa urushya? Tangira kuvurwa uko byagenda kose ku izina ry'iminsi.
  • Bara uhereye ku bushyuhe bwa mbere cyangwa ububabare mu mubiri, atari uhereye igihe wagaragaje ko ufite virusi.

Kugeza ryari bitinze cyane gufata Tamiflu? Nyuma y'igihe cy'amasaha 48 gisabwa

Kubaza igihe bitinze cyane gufata Tamiflu bifite ibisubizo bibiri. Ku muntu mukuru muzima, gutangira nyuma y'umunsi wa 4 cyangwa wa 5 w'ibimenyetso ntibishobora kugabanya indwara. Ku muntu uwo ari we wese ujyanwe mu bitaro, urwaye bikomeye, cyangwa urushye, nta munsi wihariye usabwa ko kuvurwa bidatinze, kandi CDC igira inama yo gutangira kuvura uko byagenda kose.

Wishyire mu gihe uhereye ku bimenyetso bya mbere:

  • Kuva ku munsi wa 1 kugera ku wa 2 (mu kirere cy'amasaha 48 kuri Tamiflu): inyungu nyinshi, kandi intego buri muyobozi ahagaragaza.
  • Umugoroba wa 3: inyungu nkeya ariko ihari, igamije cyane kwirinda ingorane kuruta kugabanya ibimenyetso.
  • Kuva ku munsi wa 4 kugera ku wa 5: ntibishobora kugabanya indwara ku muntu mukuru muzima utagira ibyago.

Ibyo bihuza n'ibyo urugero rw'imiti rutanga. Inoti ya FDA yemejweho ya Tamiflu igabanya umurimo wo kuvura indwara ya A na B idafite ingorane ku bantu bafite imyaka 2 kandi bamaze iminsi itarenga 48 bashobora kwandura. Ariko inama ku barwayi barushye irakabije: CDC ibwira abaganga ko bagomba gutangira imiti ya oseltamivir vuba uko bishoboka kose n'ubwo amasaha 48 yararenze ku bantu bose bajyanywe mu bitaro cyangwa bafite indwara ikomeye, ifite ingorane, cyangwa irushya. Bitinde cyane kuri Tamiflu ntibivuze ko bitinde cyane ku buvuzi.

Ikirere cy'amasaha 48 ni urugero rw'inyungu, ntabwo ari igihe ntarengwa

Ikirere cy'amasaha 48 kuri Tamiflu gisobanura aho inyungu iba inini cyane, atari igihe imiti itakizakora. Inama ya CDC ku baganga ivuga ko inyungu igaragara cyane iyo kuvurwa bitangiye mu masaha 48 ya mbere, ni ryo shusho ry'umusozi, atari ibintu by'ihuzanzira.

Uburyo bukoreshwa busobanura impamvu. Influenza yiyongera vuba mu ntangiriro, hamwe na virusi nyinshi ikaba iruta cyane mu masaha 24 kugeza kuri 72 ya mbere y'ibimenyetso. Oseltamivir ihagarika neuraminidase, enzyme ituma virusi nshya isohoka mu bisukari byanduye. Bityo ikabuza ikindi gikomeza kuza. Ntabwo ishobora gusubiza inyuma ibyo byabayeho nk'uburibwe n'ikwangirika kw'inzirakarengana, ni yo mpamvu gutangira kuvura bitinze bitagira akamaro kuri ubu wumva.

Itandukaniro rimwe ry'ingenzi kuruta ibindi byose kuri page iyi: "ntaho byemejwe nyuma y'amasaha 48" ntibivuze ko "byemejwe ko bidafite akamaro". Inoti yerekana ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu bushakashatsi bwo kwiyandikisha, kandi kutagira amakuru ntabwo ari ikimenyetso cyo kutagira inyungu. Inama ya IDSA yo muri 2018 ku ngingo ya grippe isobanura ibi neza ivuga ko itegeko ryo "gutangira iminsi 2 cyangwa munsi yazo" ryagenewe gusa abanyamuryango badafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara.

Nyuma y'amasaha 72, intego ihinduka mu kugabanya indwara zirushya zo kurwara

Niba ufata Tamiflu nyuma y'amasaha 72, ikibazo cy'ukuri ntabwo ari niba uzumva urushya uyu mugoroba ahubwo ni niba kuvura kugabanya amahirwe yawe yo kurwara cyane, kandi ni n'uburyo bukwiye kubaza niba Tamiflu igikwiye nyuma y'iminsi 3. CDC ibwira abarwayi ko gutangira imiti ya antiviral nyuma y'amasaha 48 "biracyashobora kungura, cyane cyane niba umurwayi afite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara bikomeye cyangwa ari mu bitaro". IDSA ikomeza, ivuga ko kuvura vuba uko bishoboka kose uko byagenda kose ku gihe cy'indwara ku bantu bafite indwara ikomeye, ifite ingorane, cyangwa irushya.

Ikibazo: ibimenyetso by'umunsi wa kane bigikenewe gukomeza kuba inyuma kandi ikimenyetso cy'umunsi wa mbere, kandi kwakira kuvura bitinze gutandukanye n'uruhare rw'ibyago, ntibizemerera indwara irushya.

Ibyago bikomeza gukomeza kwirinda muminsi zose: ibihumura, kwumaganywa, n'ubwandu bwa bakteriya bushobora gusaba imiti, muri urwo rubanza bifasha kumenya iminsi umuti wa Augmentin ukorwa.

Niba uri mu itsinda ry'abagize ibyago, kalendari ntacyo ihindura. Umuganga wawe ni we ukwiye gufata icyemezo.

Tamiflu ku barwayi ba grippe bafite ibyago ikurikiza itegeko ritandukanye n'iryo abakuru bazima basoma, kuko ikirere cy'amasaha 48 cyari kidatunganye kugirango cyihutire itsinda.

  • Abagore batwite n'ababyawe ububyeyi
  • Abafite asthima cyangwa izindi ndwara zamuharuro cyane
  • Abafite diyabete cyangwa indwara z'umutima
  • Abakuru bafite imyaka 65 n'abana munsi ya 2
  • Umuntu wese ujyanwe mu bitaro, kandi umuntu wese urwaye cyane n'ubwo atari mu bitaro

Niba uri kuri urwo rutonde ku munsi wa 4 cyangwa ku munsi wa 5, hamagara umuganga wawe. Wikwi-kwanga kubera nimero y'amasaha 48. IDSA ivuga ko kuvura kwa antiviral vuba uko bishoboka kose uko byagenda kose ku ndwara ku bantu bafite ibyago, yerekana abana munsi ya 2, abakuru bafite imyaka 65 n'abagore batwite cyangwa babyaye. CDC igira inama yo guhamagara umuganga kare, kuko inyungu igaragara cyane mu minsi 2 ya mbere, ni intego yo kwiruka, atari urugi rugufungira.

Bara uhereye ku bimenyetso bya mbere, atari uhereye igihe wagaragaje ko ufite virusi!

Kumenya igihe gufata Tamiflu bifitanye isano n'igihe gutangira kw'abantu benshi bakibeshya, kuko bashyira indwara kuva mu gupimwa kuruta ku bimenyetso. Koresha ubushyuhe bwa mbere butunguranye, guhinda umuhogo, cyangwa ububabare mu mubiri. Niba wabyutse wararwaye, bara uhereye ku mugoroba wabanje, utari uhereye igihe wabyukiye mu buriri.

Iyo utangira ufite ikibazo kitazwi, wemeze igihe cyo mbere. Ibyo bikwerekeza kugira icyo ukora vuba, ari cyo cyaba ikosa ry'umutekano. Kandi ntutegereze ku rupapuro rwo gusuzuma cyangwa ku gice gikurikira cyo gusuzuma kugira ngo wemeze niba ibi bikwiye, kuko isaha ikomeza kwiruka mu gihe utegereje.

Niba wabona ibikoresho by'ibanga, umuti ukwiye ku bantu bakuru n'abangavu bafite imyaka 13 n'abarengeje ni 75 mg mu kanwa kabiri ku munsi iminsi 5. Abarwayi bajyanywe mu bitaro bashobora guhindurirwa umuti cyangwa igihe cyo kwakira ku gitekerezo cy'umuganga.

Bitinze cyane kuri Tamiflu ntibibujije kwivuza

Hamagara 911 cyangwa jya ku cyumba cy'ubutabazi ubu ni:

  • Kubura umwuka cyangwa kugorwa no guhumeka; ku mwana, guhumeka vuba cyangwa kugorana cyane cyangwa imbavu zikwigizwa inyuma buri gihe uhumeka
  • Ububabare bukomeye mu gitsina cyangwa mu nda, cyangwa igitutu
  • Imitwe y'ubururu cyangwa izindi mpeta
  • Kunanuka cyane, guhinduka kwa kamere, kutabona, cyangwa kwigizwa inyuma
  • Kutareka inkari, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso byo kwumaganywa bikomeye; ku mwana, kwanga kugenda
  • Ububabare bukomeye mu ngingo cyangwa intege nke cyane; ku mwana, kwanga kugenda
  • Ubushyuhe cyangwa ibicurama bigarura cyangwa bikongera kwanga
  • Ubushyuhe ubwo ari bwo bwose mu mwana muto ufite munsi ya 12 icyumweru, cyangwa ubushyuhe burenze 104°F butagenzuwe n'imiti

Ibi ni ibimenyetso bikomeye by'intabaza bya CDC ku bantu bakuru n'abana.

Gusubiramo gahunda mu cyumweru gitaha niba:

  • Ibimenyetso bikomeza kurenza iminsi 7 kugeza ku 10
  • Icuramitesho gishya gikomeye, ububabare mu mazuru, cyangwa ububabare mu matwi bigaragaza ko ufite ibihumura bya bakteriya
  • Indwara y'igihe kirekire (asthima, indwara z'umutima, diyabete bikomeye) ntibyagarutse ku rwego rwa mbere

Waganira n'umuganga mbere yo gutangira niba:

  • Ufite imirimo mibi y'impyiko, ishobora gusaba guhindura urugero rw'umuti
  • Wari utwite cyangwa wonka amashereka
  • Umurwayi afite imyaka 2 munsi y'ibyumweru 2
  • Wari waragirye reaction ku oseltamivir mbere
  • Ufata izindi miti ivurwa n'ibanga zikeneye gusuzumwa

Ikintu kimwe cy'umutekano gikora uko byagenda kose igihe umuti watangiriwe. Inoti ya FDA iravuga ko abantu barwaye grippe, cyane cyane abana, bashobora kuba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwibeshya cyangwa imyitwarire idasanzwe, kandi raporo z'inyuma z'isoko zirimo kwibeshya, guhura n'ibyo utazi, n'imyitwarire idasanzwe ituma habaho impanuka, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byagera ku rupfu. Ibyo birakwiye kwitabwaho. Niba icyo cyumba cyawe kitashobora kuguha serivisi uyu munsi, cyangwa wajya ku cyumba cy'ubutabazi cyangwa ugatelefone kugira ngo ubasuzumwe vuba, kandi bifite agaciro kumenya niba icyumba cy'ubutabazi kiguvunje nyuma utagifite ubwishingizi mbere yo kujyayo.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Nshobora gutangira Tamiflu nyuma yo kwandura grippe ntanagire ibimenyetso?

Rimwe na rimwe. Kwirinda nyuma yo kwandura bizwi bitandukanye no kuvura, bifashwe ku rundi rwego kurenza urugero rwo kuvura iminsi 5, kandi bisanzwe bigenewe abafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara bikomeye. Hamagara umuganga wawe nyuma yo kwandura aho gutegereza kurwara, kuko isaha yo kwivuza itangira iyo ibimenyetso bibayeho.

Niba igipimo cyihuse cy'ibinyobwa cyaragaragaje ko ntuje, ngomba kureka gufata Tamiflu?

Oya. Wikwihagarika ku miti wahawe wenyine. Inama ya IDSA ivuga ko kuvura abarwayi bajyanywe mu bitaro bafite grippe yaba iraketswe cyangwa yemejwe, ibi bikwereka ko inyungu z'umuganga zishobora kuba inshuro imwe zitabuze. Ibihano byihuse ntibikunda gukora cyane iyo bavuga oya. Hamagara uwakoze ibikoresho, ufashwe n'ikintu, kandi umureke afate icyemezo niba uzakomeza.

Niba naratinze gufata Tamiflu, ngomba gufata urugero rwinshi kugira ngo mbigenze?

Oya. Kwikubye ntibigarura igihe cyatakaye kandi birushaho kwongera amahirwe yawe yo kuruka no kurwara, ari cyo cyateye abantu benshi kwirengagiza urugendo. Urugero rusanzwe ku bantu bakuru ni 75 mg kabiri ku munsi iminsi 5. Umuganga gusa uyobora umurwayi mu bitaro cyangwa w'ibinyurugero agomba guhindura urugero cyangwa igihe cyo kwakira.

Tamiflu ni yo yonyine antiviral iboneka nyuma y'amasaha 48?

Oya. Zanamivir, peramivir, na baloxavir marboxil ni izindi miti ya antiviral ya grippe, kandi zitandukanye mu buryo zikoreshwa n'abazishobora. Ibyo bavuze, oseltamivir ni ryo tsinda ryo mu nama ya CDC ku barwayi bajyanywe mu bitaro. Guhitamo bifitanye isano n'imyaka yawe, gutwita, indwara y'ubuhumekero, n'uburyo bushobora kwihanganira imiti.

Nshobora guhabwa urukingo rwa grippe ndi gufata Tamiflu?

Yego, hamwe n'ikintu kimwe gikwiye kugaragazwa gusabwa ku giterane. Kwikingira ntivura indwara umaze kugira, kandi urugero rwa antiviral rutandukanye hagati y'umuti w'intungamubiri n'umuti wa vivani w'izuru. Wibaze umuganga wanditse ibikoresho byawe kugira ngo utange impamvu zombi mu kiganiro kimwe aho gutegereza gahunda yo kwikingira.

Ikindi ngombwa: igihe bitinze cyane gufata Tamiflu ni ibibazo bibiri. Niba uzima kandi wararenze umunsi wa 4, imiti izaba itakugabanyiriza icyumweru cyawe, kandi kwita ku mubiri no kwitegura ingorane ni gahunda nziza. Niba ufite ibyago, wajyanywe mu bitaro, cyangwa urushye, umubare w'iminsi ntakindi cemezo, kandi guhamagara umuganga wawe biracyakwiye gukora uyu munsi.

Inama: iyi ngingo ni iy'amakuru gusa kandi ntabwo ifatwa nk'inama y'ubuvuzi. Igihe cyose hagana umuvuzi ufite uburenganzira kugira ngo usuzume kandi ufate ibyemezo byo kwivuza. Niba uhura n'ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuvuzi, hamagara 911 cyangwa jya ku bitaro by'ubutabazi byegereye ubwo.