Bipolar 1 vs 2: Umenya Gute Uzi Ubwoko Ufite (Kandi Impamvu Bifite Agaciro)

Bipolar 1 vs 2 igarukira ku kintu kimwe: niba warigeze ugira ikibazo cyo kwiyumva cyane (manic episode). Bipolar I isaba nibura ikibazo kimwe cyo kwiyumva cyane kimara iminsi 7 cyangwa kurenza, cyangwa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose gisaba kwitabwaho mu bitaro. Bipolar II isaba ikibazo cyo kwiyumva cyane kidakabije (hypomanic episode) kimara nibura iminsi 4 hamwe n’ikibazo gikomeye cyo kwiheba, kandi nta kwiyumva cyane.

TL;DR: Ibintu by’ingenzi wahamya

• Ikibazo kimwe cyo kwiyumva cyane ubuzima bwawe bwose bisobanura bipolar I. Nta na kimwe gisobanura bipolar II, mu gihe habayeho n’ikibazo gikomeye cyo kwiheba.
• Kwiyumva cyane biramara nibura iminsi 7; kwiyumva cyane kidakabije biramara nibura iminsi 4 yikurikiranye, igice kinini cy’umunsi, hafi buri munsi.
• Iyo ibitekerezo by’ibinyoma bibaho cyangwa kwitabwaho mu bitaro mugihe uri hejuru cyane, bivuze kwiyumva cyane, bityo bikaba bipolar I, yaba igihe cyari gito gute.
• Bipolar II ifite umugogoro munini w’agahinda n’akaga gakomeye ko kwiyahura, ku buryo izina ritaguha icyizere.
• Umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa undi muntu ufite uburenganzira ni we washobora gusobanura buri bwoko.

Bipolar 1 vs 2: Uko bitandukana ni ikibazo kimwe cyo kwiyumva cyane

Indwara ya Bipolar I isaba nibura ikibazo kimwe cyo kwiyumva cyane kimara nibura icyumweru kimwe, cyangwa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose gisaba kwitabwaho mu bitaro. Bipolar II isaba nibura ikibazo kimwe cyo kwiyumva cyane kidakabije kimara nibura iminsi 4 yikurikiranye hamwe nibura ikibazo kimwe gikomeye cyo kwiheba, kandi nta kibazo cyo kwiyumva cyane ubuzima bwawe bwose. Ibimenyetso byo kwiheba no kwiyumva cyane kidakabije biboneka muri bipolar I, ariko nta na kimwe cyisabwa kugira ngo ubone diagnoza.

Iryo ni ryo reme ryose. Bipolar 1 vs 2 ntaho bihuriye n’amanota abiri ku rugero rw’ubukana, kandi imibare si impamyabumenyi. Diagnoza ebyiri zishingira ku kintu kimwe cyangwa oya ku mateka yawe yo kwiyumva cyane, ni yo mpamvu icyumweru kimwe cyagaragaye mu 2014 cyashobora guhitamo izina uzajya wambara mu 2026. Niba wifuza ishusho rusange y’ubuvuzi mbere, tangira ku isobanuro rusange rwa Bipolar disorder, hanyuma usubire ku kibazo cyo gutondekanya.

Bipolar 2 ntaho ihuriye na “bipolar yoroheje”, kandi kuyisoma gutyo bitinza ubuvuzi

Uruhu rutandukanya ruhora rugerageza ubukana bw’ikibazo gikabije, aho indwara igutwara mu buzima bwawe bwose. Mu buryo bwa diagnoza, ikibazo cyo kwiyumva cyane kidakabije ntacyo giteza mu imibereho cyangwa akazi kandi ntacyo gisaba kwitabwaho mu bitaro, mugihe ikibazo cyo kwiyumva cyane giteza kimwe cyangwa byombi. Iryo tandukaniro ni rigufi kandi ntacyo rivuga ku mugogoro wose.

Abashakashatsi bagereranya amatsinda abiri bahamagarira kwirinda gufata bipolar II nk’ubwoko bworoshye bwa bipolar I, bavuga ko ikibazo gikunda kugaruka, impfu zikomeye cyane zo kwiyahura, kandi bikangiza imibereho myiza n’ubuzima. Kugirango uhuze, NIMH ivuga ko 2.8% by’abakuru bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bagize bipolar disorder y’ubwoko ubwo ari bwo bwose mu mwaka ushize kandi 4.4% bazagirayo mu gihe cyabo, kandi 82.9% by’ibibazo byo mu mwaka ushize byagaragazaga ikibazo gikomeye, urugero rwo hejuru cyane rw’ikibazo gikomeye cy’indwara z’agahinda.

Nta bwoko buva mu rwego rw’ibibazo bwite, kandi nta nubwo bukorwa budafashijwe n’umuganga.

Hypomania vs mania: uruhererekane ni ubuhunambabyi, aho kugaragaza uko ibyishimo byoroheye

Mu kwiyumva cyane no mu kwiyumva cyane kidakabije, ibintu byemeza ni igihe, kwangirika, n’ibintu bibiri abasomyi benshi batazi.

Ibintu bibiri byihariye byihutisha gusubiramo. Icya mbere, niba ibitekerezo by’ibinyoma bibaho cyangwa ibitekerezo bibi bibaho mugihe ufite imyaka myinshi yo kwiyumva, ikibazo gikora nk’ikiyumviro, gikora nk’umuntu ufite ibibazo, kandi bikaba bivuga bipolar I. Icya kabiri, ikintu cyose cyasabye kwitabwaho mu bitaro ni ikibazo cyo kwiyumva cyane nubwo cyaba kimaze iminsi ibiri gusa. Hypomania iracyigaragaza ku bantu: ikizamini ni kwangirika n’akaga, aho kugira ngo wishimire icyumweru.

Bipolar 1 ibimenyetso: ibyishimo ni ibyo abandi badashobora kubona

Ibimenyetso bya Bipolar 1 mugihe cyo kwiyumva cyane birasanzwe, kandi ni kimwe mu bituma ubwoko bukunda kuboneka neza mu isuzuma rya mbere. Reba:

• Kugabanya cyane kwifuza gusinzira, ariko ufite imbaraga.
• Kwishingikiriza, kuvuga cyane, ibitekerezo byihuse, kwihutisha.
• Kuba mwinshi mu bikorwa bifuza, n’imishinga mishya, itari iy’ukuri.
• Kwishyura imyenda mu buryo budahenebereye, imibonano mpuzabitsina, cyangwa gutwara imodoka.
• Kunanirwa cyane.

Mu guhuza neza, abafite bipolar I bagaragaje kwitabwa mu bitaro cyane n’uburyo bwinshi bw’ibimenyetso byo kwiyumva, harimo n’ikibazo cya mbere, kuruta abafite bipolar II. Buri gihe, mania ikunze gusobanurwa n’umufasha, umubyeyi, cyangwa umukozi kuruta umuntu ubayemo.

Bipolar 2 ibimenyetso: agahinda, aho ibyishimo, ni byo bitera ubumuga

Ibimenyetso bya Bipolar 2 bigaragara cyane mu kwiheba: ikibazo gikomeye cyo kwiheba kimara nibura ibyumweru 2, hamwe n’imyumvire yo hasi cyangwa kwishimira ibintu bya kera hamwe n’impinduka mu gusinzira, kurya, imbaraga, no kwibuka, kumva utagifite agaciro, cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura. Niho kwangirika byiyongera. Ugereranyo bimwe byagaragaje igihe kirekire cy’indwara n’ubuvuzi bwinshi bwo mu rwego rwo hasi mu bipolar II, bisobanura ibimenyetso byinshi bikunda kubaho hagati y’ibibazo byuzuye.

Agahinda ka bipolar buri gihe burya burimo, bishingira ku kigero cy’agahinda gakomeye, kandi kagira akaga gakomeye ko kwiyahura, hamwe n’ibibazo byinshi bikongera ako kaga. Ibyishimo byinshi bihoraho nk’iminsi myiza: bishoboka, bifite icyizere, kandi bikenera gusinzira guke. Ni koko kuki abantu bafataho urutonde rw’ibimenyetso byabo. Kubijyanye n’uburyo buri kibazo gikemangwa, reba ibibazo by’imyumvire n’uburyo bikemangwa.

Kora iyi myitozo y’intambwe enye mbere y’inama yawe

Aya ni amabwiriza ya diagnoza ya bipolar disorder umuganga akoresha, uko abakoresha. Wite ku mateka yawe ubwawe mu buryo bumwe.

1. Igihe. Ikintu cyo hejuru cyamaze nibura iminsi 4 yikurikiranye, cyangwa nibura iminsi 7, uba buri munsi hafi buri munsi? Icyo ari cyo cyose kinini cy’iminsi 4 ntikibaho cyane.
2. Umubare w’ibimenyetso. Hariho imyifatire yo hejuru cyangwa itakare cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso 3, cyangwa nibura 4 niba imyifatire yari itakare gusa?
3. Kwangirika. Waba waragumye gukora, cyangwa umurimo, imibanire, amafaranga, cyangwa umutekano byarasambutse, bigaragaza kwiyumva cyane?
4. Ibyo wibagiwe. Ibyaha by’ibinyoma, cyangwa kwitabwaho mu bitaro, mugihe ufite ibyishimo bivuze bipolar I, yaba igihe cyari gito gute.

Irupfuzo rindi: bipolar II isaba kandi nibura ikibazo cyo kwiheba cy’ibyumweru 2 cyangwa kurenza, mugihe bipolar I idasaba kwiheba na gato.

Ikibazo: uru runyomo rutegura amakuru yawe mu buryo umuganga ashobora gusuzuma vuba. Ntabwo bikugira, kandi ntibishobora. Kwiyumva hejuru guturuka ku bibyutsa, ibiyobyabwenge, indwara ya thyroid, cyangwa gusinzira ntabwo bigaragara nka hypomania ku buryo umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa undi muntu ufite uburenganzira, akora ku mateka yuzuye, ashobora guhitamo.

Iminsi ifite agaciro kuruta imidali hano, kandi ibuka ni urutonde rutamerewe neza. Porogaramu ya mugenzi wawe nk’August AI irashobora kugufasha kwinjiza buri munsi imyumvire, amasaha yo gusinzira, n’imbaraga kugira ngo uzaze ufite urutonde rufite amatariki aho kugira ngo ugire imyumvire. Bifate nk’inyongeragaciro kubuvuzi, ntibigire diagnoza cyangwa icyemezo cyo kuvura.

Bipolar 2 diagnoza itari yo ni kenshi: zana ibimenyetso by’ibitekerezo byawe

Bipolar 2 diagnoza itari yo nk’agahinda gakomeye ibaho kubera impamvu isanzwe: abantu bashyira inama igihe bari bababaye, aho kuba ari hejuru cyane, kandi nta wiyumva iminsi ine myiza cyane nk’ikibazo. Ibyo bikorwa bikomoka ku bwoko, aho kuba ku bwoko. Antidepressants itanga yonyine, nk’SSRI cyangwa SNRI, ishobora gutera ikiyiko cyangwa hypomanic switch cyangwa imyifatire idahinduka, ni yo mpamvu abafasha mu kwirinda buri gihe bakoreshwa muri bipolar disorder. Kura icyo hamwe n’umwanditsi wawe. Ntuzahagarike cyangwa uhindure imiti wenyine.

Zana urutonde rufite amatariki y’ibitekerezo bya kera n’ububabare, inyandiko zo gusinzira, amateka y’umuryango y’uburwayi bwa bipolar cyangwa kwiyahura, buri mbarutso ya kera ku antidepressant, kandi cyane cyane umufasha cyangwa umuryango wagaragaje ibitekerezo byinshi. Noneho busura ko uzasuzumwa ku hypomania, urugero nka Mood Disorder Questionnaire. Porogaramu ya mugenzi wawe nk’August AI irashobora kugufasha gutegura ayo mabazwa n’aya mateka y’ibimenyetso mbere; isuzuma ubwarwo riracyari ubw’umuganga.

Igihe ibimenyetso byo ari buri gihe, aho kugira inama

Hama kuri 911 cyangwa jya ku bitaro byihutirwa none niba:

• Ufite ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura, gahunda, cyangwa ikindi cyo kwiyangiza.
• Ibyaha by’ibinyoma bibaho mugihe cyo kwiyumva.
• Mania igaragaramo akaga ku wowe ubwawe cyangwa ku bandi, cyangwa iminsi nta gusinzira.
• Ikibazo cy’ibinyoma (imbaraga nyinshi hamwe n’agahinda) kibaho hamwe n’ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura.
• Imyifatire ihinduka cyane kandi ikabije hamwe no kwivanga cyangwa ububabare mu gatuza.

NIMH ivuga ko abafite ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura, cyangwa bashyigikira umuntu wese washobora, ko bahamagara 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline byihutirwa. Ushobora guhamagara cyangwa kohereza SMS kuri 988.

Shyira inama mu cyumweru gitaha niba: ikibazo cyo hejuru cyamaze iminsi 4 cyangwa kurenza, agahinda karushijeho kuba kabi, ufite impungenge ko diagnoza yawe ya bipolar iriho idahagije, cyangwa wahagaritse imiti.

Vugana n’umuganga mbere yuko utangira niba: watekereza antidepressants, stimulants, steroids, cyangwa imiti y’inyongeramusatsi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi ikibazo cyo hejuru cyari cyabaye.

Ntuzi aho ikibazo cyawe gihuriye, August AI Symptom Checker y’ubuntu irashobora kugufasha kumenya igihe gikwiriye. Ni ubufasha bwo kwihutira, ntibigize diagnoza.

Bimwe bibazwa kenshi

Diagnoza ya bipolar 2 ishobora guhinduka bipolar 1 nyuma?

Yego. Kuko bipolar I isaba ikibazo kimwe cyo kwiyumva cyane ubuzima bwawe bwose, ikibazo kimwe nyuma gikora nk’ibitekerezo byo kwiyumva, harimo n’icyasabye kwitabwaho mu bitaro, gihindura diagnoza burundu. Ibindi ntibibaho: ibitekerezo byo kwiyumva ntibivuguruzwa n’imyaka myinshi ya hypomania. Ni yo mpamvu abaganga bakomeza kubaza ku byishimo mu nama zikurikirana aho kugira ngo bakore nk’uko diagnoza ya mbere yari iyindi.

Waba ufite bipolar 1 utarigeze wihabara?

Yego. Ibimenyetso byo kwiheba bifite akamaro muri bipolar I ariko ntibisabwa kuri diagnoza, ku buryo umuntu wese wagaragaje ikibazo kimwe cyo kwiyumva cyane afite bipolar I. Mu by’ukuri abantu benshi bamenyera kwiheba amaherezo, kandi abaganga bakunda kubitegereza aho kugira ngo bahamye ko ibintu bizahora bibaho.

Cyclothymia ni ubundi nka bipolar 2?

Oya. Cyclothymia igaragaramo imyumvire itageraho kugera ku rwego rwuzuye rw’ikibazo cyo kwiyumva cyane cyangwa ikibazo gikomeye cyo kwiheba, cyamazeyo igihe kirekire. Bipolar II isaba ikibazo cyuzuye cy’iminsi 4 cyo kwiyumva cyane kidakabije n’ikibazo cy’ibyumweru 2 cyo kwiheba. Cyclothymia ni diagnoza itandukanye, aho kugira ngo yorohe, nubwo ishobora guhuza na criteria ya bipolar.

Rapid cycling ibaho gusa muri bipolar 1?

Oya. Rapid cycling, isobanurwa nk’ibibazo bine cyangwa kurenza mu mezi 12, ni uburyo bwo kwerekana ko bushobora gukoreshwa kuri buri bwoko. Busobanura ubwinshi, aho kugira ngo ubwoko bw’ibibazo ufite, ku buryo budafasha kubona bipolar 1 vs 2. Bura kwirinda, ku buryo buhagarara ku mubare w’ibibazo ku buryo bwo gusuzumwa.

Mood Disorder Questionnaire ndagishobora gutera bipolar disorder?

Oya. Mood Disorder Questionnaire ni igikoresho cyo gusuzuma, aho kugira ngo gikore diagnoza. Gusuzuma neza bisobanura ko umuganga agomba gufata amateka yuzuye y’ibitekerezo byinshi; ntibihamya na gato, kandi gusuzuma ntabwo byerekana ko bipolar disorder idahari. Agaciro kayo ni ukugira hypomania ku gihe cy’inama kidahuye n’agahinda.

Mu magambo make: gutondekanya bipolar 1 vs 2 bisobanura gusubiza ikibazo kimwe mu kuri, hamwe n’amatariki. Mania igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, cyangwa ibyaha by’ibinyoma cyangwa kwitabwaho mu bitaro mugihe ufite ibyishimo, bikugira muri type I. Hypomania hamwe n’agahinda n’ububabare bikugira muri type II. Nta gisubizo ni cyoroheje, kandi bombi basaba gusuzumwa n’umuganga aho kugira ngo bakomeze kureba.

Incamakubiri: iyi ngingo ni iy’amakuru gusa kandi ntikora nk’inama y’ubuvuzi. Komeza kuvugana n’umuhanga ufite uburenganzira kugira ngo ugire diagnoza n’ibiteganyijwe. Niba ufite ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubuvuzi, hamagara 911 cyangwa jya ku bitaro byihutirwa.