Misophonia ni indwara idashobora kugenzurwa ituruka ku majwi kandi nta ko kuyivura cyangwa imiti yemewe na FDA, ariko ishobora gucungwa. Gerageza kwemeza uko wiyumva, wandike ibishobora kugutera impamvu mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri, wishyire amanota ukoresheje ikibazo cyemejwe, kandi ukoreshe inzira y'intambwe enye mu gihe gikwiye. Niba imirimo isanzwe irimo kumanuka, CBT n'umuganga ufite ubuhanga ni cyo cyemezo gifite ubushobozi buhanitse.

TL;DR: Ibikoresho by'ingenzi

  • Ibisobanuro biboneka mu reaction (uburakari, kwanga, ubwoba, umutima uhagaze, guhunga), atari mu majwi ubwayo.
  • Urusaku ntacyo rutwaye. Amajwi ahagaze, akenshi ava ku bantu, ni byo bitera reaction.
  • Amanota y'igeragezwa ry'umuntu ntacyo ashobora kwemeza, ariko akubwira niba waba wigikeneye kwitaho cyangwa kwandikisha muganga.
  • Ubuvuzi bugizwe n'intambwe ebyiri: inzira y'igihe gikwiye, hanyuma ubuvuzi bw'intambwe bugenda buyobowe na CBT no kuvura indwara ziherekeza.
  • Tegereza reaction ntoya kandi ngufi aho kugirango uvurwe burundu, kandi wishyire amanota wongere kugirango uhitemo ko bikora.

Misophonia ni reflex, atari ubunebwe, kandi ibyo bihindura intego

Misophonia ni kwihanganira bikeya ku majwi ahagaze, akenshi yirimo gukoreshwa n'abantu, akomoka ku mikorere cyangwa amajwi asubiramo nko kurya cyangwa gukomanga, uko urusaku ruteye kose. Abafite misophonia bakunze gutirinwa nk'abatabishimiye cyangwa aborohereye cyane, ariko reaction ni idashobora kugenzurwa kandi ni neurophysiological, yinjizwa mu gihe gikwiye kandi bikumva ko wayigenzura. Ntabwo ari gutonda, ntabwo ari ikibazo cyo kumva, kandi ntabwo ari ikintu uburyo bwo gushaka kwihanganira bugikemura.

Iryo jambo ntacyo ritwaye. Rituruka kuri definition ihurizwaho muri 2022 yakozwe n'itsinda mpuzamahanga ry'abakuru 15 b'inzobere (abashinzwe imitekerereze, abaganga, abashinzwe iby'amatwi, abaganga b'ibicurane n'abashinzwe iby'amatwi) bateraniye na Misophonia Research Foundation. Ivugururwa rimwe rivuga mu buryo butaziguye ku bibazo: ntago ari uburyo bwo kuvura bwikorera mu DSM-5, nta miti yemewe na FDA kandi nta buryo bwo kuvura burundu. Ubukana buratandukanye kuva ku gusibamira gato kugeza ku kwangiza ubuzima bwo mu muryango, uburezi n'akazi.

Niyo mpamvu intego atari ugukuraho burundu. Ni reaction ntoya, igenzurwa n'inzobere mu buvuzi bw'imitekerereze cyangwa iby'amatwi.

Intambwe 1: Kwemeza niba reaction yawe, atari amajwi, ari cyo kibazo

Ibimenyetso bya Misophonia byibumbira mu byiciro bitatu, kandi Cleveland Clinic ibishyira hamwe nk'ibirebana n'amarangamutima, ibirebana n'umubiri n'ibirebana n'imyitwarire:

  • Amarangamutima: uburakari, kwanga, ubwoba, rimwe na rimwe uburakari birenze urugero nawe ubwawe.
  • Umubiri: kwiyongera kw'umuvuduko w'amaraso n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, gufunga igituza, kwirabika.
  • Imyitwarire: kwirinda, kuva mu cyumba, kugenzura imyitwarire y'abandi.

Kwanga amajwi ntago ari ibyo. Ihuriro ryo mu 2022 rivuga ko gufata burundu bikunze kuba mu buto cyangwa mu rubyiruko, kandi Cleveland Clinic ikabishyira ku isanga bwa mbere inshuro nyinshi mu myaka yo hambere y'ubwangavu, nubwo ishobora kugaragara icyo ari cyo cyose. Ibivugwa inshuro nyinshi ku bagore, bagize 55% kugeza kuri 83% by'imanza mu bwato. ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, OCD, PTSD, kwiheba, kugabana mu kumva no kwiruka kw'amatwi byose biherekeza inshuro, kandi ibyo bifite akamaro nyuma: kubivura ni igice cy'intego, atari inzira ndende kuva kuri yo.

Igeragezwa risigaye rifite agaciro ni imikorere. Urazuyaza kurya, amasomo, inama cyangwa ibyumba bisanzwe kugirango wirinde amajwi?

Intambwe 2: Urusaku ntacyo rutwaye, rero shushanya uko ihagaze, atari decibels

Ibishobora gutera misophonia cyane cyane amajwi y'akanwa n'izuru (kurya, kunywa, kwiruka, guhumeka, kwoza ijosi) hamwe n'amajwi asubiramo nk'ugukomanga no gukanda, kuri Cleveland Clinic. Kubera ko reaction yinjizwa mu gihe gikwiye kandi bikumva ko wayigenzura, kurya kw'umunyamuryango mu gikoni cyawe bitera kurenga kuruta amajwi amwe n'amwe ava ku muntu utazi mu modoka.

Spending ibyumweru bibiri wandika: amajwi, ahantu, uwayakoresheje, ingano kuva 0 kugeza 10, n'ibyo wakoze nyuma. Uwo murongo uba impano y'ubuvuzi nyuma, kandi porogaramu y'umufasha wawe wo mu buzima nka August AI irashobora kugufasha kwandika ibishobora gutera n'ingano hagati y'amasaha yo kwivuza. Ni igikoresho cy'inyongeramusoro, atari umuganga.

Koresha itandukaniro igihe ugenda wandika. Hyperacusis bisobanura ko ingano zisanzwe zisa n'urugero cyangwa zikababaza cyane. Phonophobia ni ubwoba n'ibyiringiro by'urusaku. Misophonia ni amajwi ahagaze atera uburakari cyangwa kwanga ku ngano iyo ari yo yose. Ikibazo cy'amatwi cyangwa ikibazo cy'amatwi ntacyo bitwaye, kandi kikeneye umuganga w'amatwi cyangwa umuganga w'ibicurane.

Intambwe 3: Igeragezwa rya misophonia ntiryemeza, ariko rigukwira uwuhamagara

Igeragezwa rya misophonia ni ingano y'ubukana, atari ikimenyetso cyo kwemeza. Abaganga n'abashakashatsi bakoresha Misophonia Assessment Questionnaire (0 kugeza 63), A-MISO-S (0 kugeza 24), MAS-1 na MisoQuest, hamwe n'ibice by'ubukana kuva hasi kugeza ku bukomeye cyane. Nta noti yemezwa cyangwa ihakanywa, kandi ubushakashatsi bwandika impamvu: ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri 2024 bw'ubushakashatsi 12 mpuzamahanga bwerekanye ko ubuzima buvugwa kuva kuri 5% kugeza hafi 35%, ubwiganze bwo bw'abashyitsi bwatewe n'ibibazo by'igerageza bidahwanye n'ibipimo by'ibitariho ahubwo ko ari kimwe gikomeye. Cleveland Clinic, hagati aho, yemeza ko hafi 1 mu bantu 5 bagira ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose mu buzima. Ayo mibare ntaho ihuriye, kandi ibyo ni byo byingenzi: ibikoresho bikora ingano y'agahinda, atari ubwoko bw'indwara.

Koresha ibice hamwe n'imirimo yawe kugirango wemeze. Ibice byoroheje cyangwa byoroheje bikomeje kuba ubuzima bwa buri munsi: shakisha inzira zikurikira wenyine kandi wishyire amanota mu gihe cy'icyumweru hanyuma ugereranye. Amanota ahambaye, cyangwa ikintu cyose cyangiza imirimo nko kurya kwirinzwe, amasomo cyangwa inama, cyangwa imikoranire y'ubwumvikane: kwandikisha psychologue ufite CBT cyangwa umuganga w'amatwi ufite uburambe muri misophonia. Ubukomeye cyangwa ubukomeye cyane, cyangwa ikimenyetso cy'umutuku mu gice gikurikira: gukora uyu munsi.

Niba utazi uko ikibazo cyawe kimeze, August AI Symptom Checker itanga ubufasha bworoshye mbere yuko wandikisha. Zana igitabo cy'amanota n'igitabo cy'ibishobora gutera ku muhuro wa mbere. Kugaragaza amanota wongere kugirango uhitemo niba ubuvuzi burimo gukora ikintu.

Intambwe 4: Ryari uhagarika kwitaho no gushaka ubufasha ubu

Wahamagare 911 cyangwa ujye ku bitaro by'ibihutirwa ubu niba:

  • Amajwi agutera ibyifuzo byo kwangiza umuntu mu buryo bukabije, cyangwa wagize ibikorwa by'ubugome by'ukuri.
  • Ufite ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura cyangwa kwiyobora bifitanye isano n'agahinda k'urusaku cyangwa kwishyira mu kato. Mu gihugu cya Amerika, hamagara cyangwa wohereze ubutumwa kuri 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline.

Hasi kuri iyo umurongo hari ikibazo gisanzwe, ikibazo inshuro nyinshi impapuro ziruta.

Kwandikisha gusura mu cyumweru gitaha niba:

  • Ufite ikibazo cy'amatwi cyangwa kiyongera, kwiruka kw'amatwi bikomeye, ububabare bw'amatwi cyangwa urusaku rutera ubwoba cyane. Ibyo bikeneye umuganga w'amatwi cyangwa umuganga w'ibicurane kugirango wemeze ko ibyo bifitanye isano n'ikibazo cy'amatwi.
  • Ibishobora gutera ubu birimo gutera kwirinda akazi, ishuri cyangwa ibyo kurya.
  • Urahomba gusinzira cyangwa imitekerereze yawe irimo kumanuka.

Ku rundi ruhande rw'ibyo bibazo, gusura online urgent care bya August ku $39 bizana umuganga ufite uruhushya rw'Abanyamerika gusuzuma ibimenyetso kandi bikemeza niba prescription cyangwa kohereza byaba bifite akamaro. Biraheza ku bihari: ntashobora kuvuga ko misophonia, gutanga CBT, cyangwa gusimbuza gusuzumwa n'umuganga w'amatwi cyangwa umuganga w'ibicurane.

Vugana n'umuganga mbere yuko utangira niba:

  • Ufite OCD, PTSD, autism, ADHD cyangwa indwara yo kwihangamura. Ubuzima bwo kwitaho busanzwe bushobora kugaruka wenyine nta supervision, kandi kuvura indwara ihuriyeho bishobora kuba byinshi kuruta akazi k'urusaku.

Ikintu cyiza kuvuga neza: kwirinda guhinduka mu kwishyira mu kato ni impamvu yo kwandikisha, atari impamvu yo gutegereza no kureba.

Intambwe 5: Kuvura mu bihe bibiri, mu gihe gikwiye hanyuma ubuvuzi bw'intambwe

Ubuvuzi bwa Misophonia bugizwe n'ibihe bibiri, kandi icya mbere ni icyo ukora igihe reaction iba iriho. Koresha mu gihe gikwiye:

  1. Guhagarika kwerekana. Soka hanze, cyangwa shyira amajwi kuri amajwi yera cyangwa yijimye.
  2. Kwirinda ufite umubare w'iminota 60 kugeza 90, uguhumeka kurenga gusohoka, kandi reka ingano y'umubiri igabanuke.
  3. Kwisobanura neza. Ni reflex iriho, atari ikurwanya.
  4. Subira mu buryo, hamwe n'inzira yo gusohoka yateguwe, aho kuguma hanze.

Igihe ntacyo kirutse. Kwisobanura hagati mu gihe gikwiye ntacyo bitwaye kuko imikorere yihanganira impaka, kandi guhanagura igice cya kane gihindura igikoresho cyo kwihanganira mu kwirinda burundu kwangiza ubuzima bwawe butagaragara.

Dore ibyo impapuro nyinshi zitazakubwira: ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri 2023 bwashoje ko "nta buvuzi bwa mbere bugera kuri misophonia kugeza ubu". CBT ni yo yagaragaye ko ifite akamaro cyane mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe, ariko ubushakashatsi burimo urubanza rumwe rwanditse n'ubushakashatsi bw'ikirenga n'ubw'abantu. Icyitegererezo cya Cleveland Clinic gikomeye gihatira: psychotherapia kubibazo n'uburyo bwo kwihanganira, kuvura indwara zihuriyeho nka kwihangamura n'OCD, n'uburyo bwo guhuza harimo amatwi, amahembe yo kwirinda urusaku no gukoresha amajwi yera cyangwa yijimye.

Wahamagare psychologue ufite CBT niba agahinda n'ubwoba byinshi, n'umuganga w'amatwi niba kwiruka kw'amatwi, kugabana mu kumva cyangwa kwihanganira amajwi bisanzwe. Ubwumvikane buracyakora imirimo. Ntabwo igabanya reaction isanzwe.

Intambwe 6: Ni iki bivuka muri CBT ya misophonia

CBT ya misophonia itangira n'uburezi bushingiye ku bikoresho n'isuzuma ry'ibishobora gutera rifatanyije, hanyuma ibitekerezo byawe by'ibyumweru bibiri bihinduke igikoresho cyari gifite imbaraga kugira ngo igikorwa kibe kirimo amajwi yoroheje ahubwo kitabigana ku bikomeye cyane. Kuva aho, amasomo akunda kwiyongera guhugura n'ibikorwa byo kwibanda, biguhugura kugirango wibande ku gikorwa mugihe amajwi ariho aho kwitegereza ku iherezo. Guhindura ibitekerezo bihindura ibitekerezo bihindura ingaruka, "bahabaye ibi kugirango bashyireho" n'"sinashobora kwihanganira ibi". Kurengera amajwi bifitanye isano n'ikintu cyiza, kandi ikoreshwa ry'ibintu bifitanye isano no kwerekana bizakoresha amajwi yakoreshejwe ingano yabo, igihe n'igihe ugenzura. Guhora kwiyongera kwaguka bigenda bihuje n'ibyo byose.

Isaha mu cyumba ntabwo ariyo ngingo yingenzi. Imirimo ngufi buri munsi hagati y'amasomo ni yo, kandi kuyihana ni impamvu nyinshi cyane ko igice gisigaye gihagarara.

Ubuvuzi bugomba kuba bugenewe igihe kandi bugenwa, hamwe n'amanota yongeyeho kuri A-MISO-S bigaragaza niba ikintu kiriho kandi gitera impinduka mu gihe bidakora. Urubanza rumwe rwagaragaye mu bushakashatsi rwagerageje protokol ya misophonia-specific CBT; ACT n'izindi ntambwe zishingiye ku bw'uburyo zigaragara gusa mu bikoresho n'ibice. Kandi CBT ntihakana ko amajwi ahagarara kugenda. Intego ni uko ingano y'ingano ikura n'igihe ibikora.

Intambwe 7: Ntabwo ukeneye kode ya DSM-5 kugirango ubone ubufasha

Kubera ko ntago ari uburyo bwo kwibeshya bwikorera muri DSM-5, abakozi, amashuri n'abishingizi ntibagira kode yo gushakisha, nibyo bituma ibibazo bikumirwa. Uburyo abaganga bakoresha ni ugusobanura no kwishingira ibigo bifite ibibazo bikomatanyije, nk'ubwoba, OCD cyangwa ibindi bifite ibibazo byihariye, kugirango urubanza rufite ubushobozi n'urwandiko rushyigikira bikomeze kuba byoroshye.

Noneho wambaze mu buryo bworoshye. Ikintu ushobora gukwirakwiza: "Mfite indwara y'ukwihanganira amajwi iyobora reaction idashobora kugenzurwa ku majwi asubiramo. Ndashobora gukora buri gice cy'akazi kanjye. Ndasaba amahembe yo kwirinda urusaku mugihe nkora akazi kanjye, igikoresho cyihishe munsi y'icyumba cyo kuruhukiramo, no kwemererwa guhamagara mu cyumba cyoroshye. Umuganga wanjye ashobora kubyemeza mu nyandiko."

Impinduka zihagaze, zoroshye kandi zigereranywa zihabwa uburenganzira. Gusaba ubufasha rusange ntacyo bitwaye. Abanyeshuri bagombye gusaba ishuri ku buryo bwo gukora nk'ibya 504 cyangwa IEP mu gihugu cya Amerika no gutanga urwandiko rw'umuganga. Niba hari uwuguhagaze niba ibi bifite akamaro, bamwerekeze ku ihuriro ry'abakuru ryemejwe muri 2022.

Bimwe mubibazwa cyane

Ese misophonia yigenda cyangwa igataha?

Ntibisanzwe. Guhangana kwa mbere kunda kuba mu buto cyangwa mu rubyiruko, kandi ibimenyetso bikunda kumara kuruta uko bihinduka, nibyo bitera gutegereza kuba ingamba mbi. Icyahinduka ni ubukana: reactions zikunda kwiyongera mu bihe by'agahinda, gusinzira nabi cyangwa kwishimira gake, kandi bigorushye igihe ibyo bikomeye. Iyo mbaraga zishobora kwibeshya nk'ubuvuzi cyangwa gusubira inyuma.

Ese amatwi n'amahembe yo kwirinda urusaku bifata misophonia nabi niba nyajyanye buri munsi?

Rimwe na rimwe. Gukwirakwiza amajwi biracyakora imirimo mu gihe gikwiye, ariko kuyakoresha buri gihe bishobora kugabanya kwihanganira amajwi asanzwe kandi bikongera kwirinda, ku buryo ingano y'ubwirinzi igenda igabanuka. Koresha mu gihe gikwiye, kubyo kurya cyangwa nimugoroba uziko bizaba bigoye, kandi ugireho inzira y'igice cya kane aho kuyikoresha aho kuyikoresha aho kuyikoresha aho kuyikoresha aho.

Hari imiti ya misophonia?

Ntibisanzwe. Nta miti yemewe na FDA kuri iyi ndwara, kandi nta kindi kintu kiri ku isoko kigendana n'ingufu zo gutera. Igihe imiti yanditse, irimo kuvura kwihangamura, OCD cyangwa indwara y'agahinda bifitanye isano n'ibyo bifitanye isano n'ibyo bifitanye isano, kandi niba ibyo bifite akamaro ni ugukemurwa n'umuganga wawe nyuma yo gusuzumwa, atari ikintu cyo gusaba izina ry'ibyo.

Ubwishingizi buzishyura ubuvuzi bwa misophonia niba atari DSM-5 diagnosis?

Rimwe na rimwe. Kwishingira kumva bishobora gutera ibisobanuro by'ibigo bifite ibibazo bikomatanyije, ku buryo amasaha ya CBT ashobora kwishyurwa munsi y'ubwoba cyangwa kode ya OCD. Wambaze ikigo kugiti cyawe, mbere yo kwandikisha, uko biteganya kwandika urubanza kandi niba barashyizeho ibibazo bifitanye isano n'amafunguro mbere. Abakozi b'imbere bashobora gusubiza ibi vuba kuruta umuganga.

Nsigaye nsaba umunyamakuru cyangwa umuryango guhindura uko barya?

Yego. Gusaba ni ngombwa, kandi ubwicanyi buraguma mu kwanga. Ariko kuko reactions zinjizwa mu gihe gikwiye kandi bikumva ko wayigenzura, amasezerano afatanije akora neza kuruta kugenzura: wemeranya ku ifunguro ryoroheje cyangwa ibiri mu cyumweru, radiyo iriho mugihe ufite ifunguro, cyangwa ikimenyetso ushobora gukoresha utabisobanuye. Ariko, guhuza burundu mu rugo kunda gutera kwirinda.

Impamvu nyamukuru yo gucunga misophonia

Kwemeza uko wiyumva mbere, kwandika ibishobora gutera mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri, hanyuma wishyire amanota. Koresha inzira y'igice cya kane mu gihe gikwiye mu gihe ukora ibyo, hanyuma ujye kuri CBT no kuvura ibintu bihururiyeho niba imirimo igenda yihuta. Icyo uhagaraye ni reaction ntoya kandi ngufi, atari ubuvuzi. Wishyire amanota iki cyumweru, kandi wandikisha niba umubare cyangwa ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi bibivuze.

Kurengera: Inyandiko iri ni iy'amakuru gusa kandi ntago ari inama ya muganga. Komeza guhamagara umuganga ufite ubuzima bwiza kugirango wemeze kandi uvure. Niba ufite ikibazo cy'ubuvuzi, hamagara 911 cyangwa ujye ku bitaro by'ibihutirwa bya hafi.