Inuka nephunga kanye nokuhlanza okuncane okumpunga kubonisa i-bacterial vaginosis. Ukushisa nokuzizwa ufuna ukuya endlini yokugezela ngaphandle kokuhlanza kubonisa ukuthi unempawu zomgudu womchamo. Lezi zifo zenzeka ezindaweni ezahlukene, zihilela amagciwane ahlukene, futhi ziphathwa ngama-antibiotics ahlukene, ngakho-ke umbuzo wokuthi i-BV noma i-UTI uyafanele ukuxazululwa ngaphambi kokuba udle noma yini.
IMIFISHANE: Izinto Eziyinhloko Okumele Uzazi
- Ukushisa lapho uchama kwenzeka kuzo zombili izimo futhi akukutsheli ukuthi yisiphi isifo onaso.
- Iphunga esithweni sangasese sowesifazane nokuhlanza okuncane okumhlophe noma okumpunga kuyisibonakaliso esinamandla kakhulu se-BV.
- Ukuzizwa ufuna ukuya endlini yokugezela, ukuya njalo, nomuzwa wokucindezelwa ngaphezu kwekhola lakho, ngaphandle kokuhlanza, kubonisa isifo esithintela isinye.
- I-BV ihlolelwa ngokuthatha isampuli yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ayikaze ithathwe emchameni, ngakho-ke akukho stripe yomchamo yasekhaya engakuchitha noma ingakuqinisekisi.
- Ama-antibiotics e-UTI awawuhlanza i-BV, nama-antibiotics e-BV awawuhlanza i-UTI. Ukucabanga kungakubizela izinsuku.
I-BV Ne-UTI: Izifo Ezimbili Ezingafani, Ezindaweni Ezimbili Ezingafani
I-BV ne-UTI ziyahlukaniswa ngokwendawo. I-Bacterial vaginosis ukukhula okungaphezu kwezidingo kwamagciwane angahlali emoyeni esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, futhi isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuhlanza okuncane okumpunga nephunga elinjengezinhlanzi. I-Urinary tract infection (UTI) amagciwane asenhlanganisela yomchamo kanye nomgudu womchamo, futhi isici sayo esiyinhloko ukushisa, ukuzizwa ufuna ukuya endlini yokugezela njalo, nomuzwa wokucindezelwa ongaphansi esifubeni. Akukho lutho olwelapha esinye isifo olwelapha esinye.
Ku-BV, izinhlobo ezivikelayo ze-Lactobacillus ezivamile ukuba zibekwe ezingeni eliphezulu esithweni sangasese sowesifazane zikhandwa amagciwane angahlali emoyeni. Ngokusho kwe-MedlinePlus mayelana ne-vaginitis, lesi yisimo esivamile kakhulu esithweni sangasese sowesifazane kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-15 no-44. I-BV ayibhekwa njengesifo esidluliselwa ngocansi, yize ukuya ocansini kuguqula impilo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane futhi i-BV ivame kakhulu kubantu abacansini.
I-UTI, ikakhulukazi i-acute cystitis, ngamagciwane athuthele phezulu emgudwini womchamo bese engena esinye. I-MedlinePlus ibala isithombe se-cystitis njengokuchama okubuhlungu noma okushisayo, umchamo ongahlanzekile noma onukayo, ukuzizwa ufuna ukuya endlini yokugezela kaningi, nomuzwa wokucindezelwa ongaphansi esiswini. Amagciwane ahlukene, izicubu ezihlukene, imithi ehlukene. Leli phuzu lokugcina lapho ubuchwepheshe bokuzelapha bungase bubhubhe khona.
Ukushisa Lapho Uchama Kuyisibonakaliso Esingeyona Kakhulu Onaso
Ingabe i-BV ingadala izimpawu ze-UTI? Ingakwazi ukuzenza izimpawu, yingakho umuzwa omningi abantu abawusebenzisa ukuzihlola bona ungawona kakhulu ulwazi. I-BV ivuvukisa izicubu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane nezangaphandle. Lapho umchamo udlula ezicubwini ezivele zicasukile, kuyasha, futhi lokho kushisa kubhalwa njengokuthi "ukushisa lapho ngichama" kudala ngaphambi kokuba ubheke okunye.
Indlela yokwenzeka ibaluleke kakhulu kunokuba khona. Ukushisa okuhlobene ne-BV kuvame ukuba ngaphandle, ukushisa okuncane okungaphezulu njengoba umchamo udlula esikhumbeni esicasukile, ngaphandle koshintsho olukhulu ngokuthi udinga ukuya njalo kangaki. Ukushisa kwe-UTI kuvame ukuba ngaphakathi futhi kuvame ukuhamba ngokwawo. Kuza nokufuna ukuya njalo, ukuya njalo, ukuchama okuncane okungajabulisi, nomuzwa wobuhlungu obuthakathaka ngaphezu kwekhola.
Odokotela bahlukanisa ngendlela efanayo. I-AAFP 2024 rapid evidence review iqaphela ukuthi izimpawu ezijwayelekile zomgudu womchamo kumuntu wesifazane ngaphandle kokuhlanza esithweni sangasese sowesifazane zingahlalelwa ukuhlolwa ngomlando wodwa, kanti izimpawu zomgudu womchamo eziphekethe ukuhlanza kufanele zikhuthaze ukuhlolwa komuntu siqu kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo nge-dipstick esikhundleni salokho. Qaphela ukuthi yini ebaluleke kakhulu. Akusona isishisa. Ukuhlanza.
Kunengqinamba yesibili ekuceleni ukuthi i-BV ingadala izimpawu ze-UTI bese uyayeka lapho: i-BV kaningi ayinazo izimpawu nhlobo. Ngakho-ke "ngizwa ukushisa" kungaba phezu kwesifo ongazange usibone. Ukushisa kukutshela ukuthi kukhona okungalungile. Akukutsheli ukuthi kulungile.
Ukuhlanza Nephunga Kuninikeza Ulwazi Olungaphezu Kwezimpawu Zakho Noma Iziphi Ezinye
Umehluko wokuhlanza phakathi kwe-BV ne-UTI uyisihlukaniso esicacile phakathi kwezimo ezimbili. I-MedlinePlus ichaza ukuhlanza kwe-BV njengokuncane, okumhlophe noma okumpunga, futhi kunuka njengezinhlanzi okwavame ukuba namandla ngemva kocansi. Isifo esithintela isinye akushintshi nhlobo ukuhlanza kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
Iphunga le-BV ne-UTI empeleni liyindaba yokuthi yimuphi umkhuhlane onukayo. Ku-BV, iphunga lisuka esithweni sangasese sowesifazane futhi lingabonakali ngaphandle kokuchama. Ku-UTI, umchamo ungase ube ngamafu noma unuke kabi kanti iphunga nokuhlanza kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuhlala njengoba kwakunjalo. I-UTI ayikhiqizi iphunga elinjengezinhlanzi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, futhi i-BV ayikhiqizi njalo ukufuna ukuya endlini yokugezela noma ukuvuka ebusuku ukuyochama.
| Isici | I-Bacterial vaginosis | I-UTI (i-acute cystitis) |
|---|---|---|
| Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko | Iphunga nokuhlanza | Ukushisa nokufuna ukuya njalo nokuhamba kaningi |
| Ukuhlanza | Okuncane, okumhlophe noma okumpunga, okwengeziwe | Kungashintshi |
| Iphunga | Iphunga elinjengezinhlanzi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, elinamandla ngemva kocansi | Umchamo ongamafu noma onukayo, iphunga elivamile lesitho sangasese sowesifazane |
| Ukuchama | Kungashisa ngaphandle; ukuya njalo kuvame ukuba njengokujwayelekile | Ukushisa, ukufuna ukuya njalo, ukuchama okuncane, ukuya endlini yokugezela ebusuku |
| Indawo yobuhlungu | Izindawo zangaphandle zesitho sangasese sowesifazane nomnyango waso wesitho sangasese sowesifazane | Ngaphezu kwekhola, ngaphakathi esinye |
| Ukulunywa noma ukucasuka | Kuvame | Kuvamile |
| Indlela ehlolelwa ngayo | Isampuli yesitho sangasese sowesifazane (imibandela ye-Amsel noma i-Nugent score) | Umlando, ukuhlolwa komchamo nge-dipstick, ukuhlolwa lapho kudingeka |
| Ukwelapha okuyinhloko | I-Metronidazole (ngomlomo noma i-gel) noma ukhilimu we-clindamycin | I-Nitrofurantoin, i-fosfomycin, noma i-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole |
Ungatshela Kanjani Ukuthi Yisiphi Isifo Onaso Ngaphambi Kokuba Sihlolwa
Ingabe i-UTI noma i-BV? Sebenzisa izindlela ezintathu. Iphunga kanye nokuhlanza okuncane okumpunga kanye nokucasuka kwezangaphandle zesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ngokuya njalo okujwayelekile komgudu womchamo, kuyisibonakaliso se-BV. Ukushisa kanye nokufuna ukuya njalo nokuhamba kaningi kanye nokucindezelwa ngaphezu kwekhola, ngaphandle kokuhlanza kanye nokushintsha kwephunga, kuyisibonakaliso se-UTI. Izibonakaliso zombili ngesikhathi esifanayo kusho ukuthi uzozihlola zombili, hhayi ukuthi ukhetha eyokhalayo.
Nansi into amakhasi amaningi angayitsheli wena: i-dipstick ye-UTI ethengiswa esitolo noma i-pH strip ingakuqondisa ngendlela engafanele. Zombili izimo zingashintsha i-pH, i-strip esebenzayo ayichithi i-BV njengesizathu sangempela sezimpawu zakho, futhi akukho ukuhlolwa komchamo wohlobo oluthile oluhlolisayo i-BV. Ngokwe-Iziqondiso ze-CDC Zokwelapha Izifo Zocansi Zango-2021, i-BV ihlolelwa ngemibandela ye-Amsel eduze komlendo noma nge-Nugent score efundwa elabhorethri, zombili kusuka kusampuli yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
Ukuba nezifo ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye kungenzeka ngempela. Umgudu womchamo nesitho sangasese sowesifazane ziyizindawo eziseduze ngokomzimba, futhi ukuba nazo zombili ngasikhathi sinye akuyona into engajwayelekile, okuyisizathu esenza ukuthi igatsha "lobabili izindlela" ngenhla likhona.
Mayelana nezindleko: ukuvakashelwa esikhungweni kanye ngosuku kungaluxazulula umbuzo ngokuhlolwa komchamo ngosuku olufanayo nesampuli yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okuvame ukukhokhwa umshwalense, kunokuba kube i-kit engu-$150 kuya ku-$250 ethunyelwa ngeposi engakwazi ukukuhlolwa. Uma izimpawu zakho ziyizimpawu ezijwayelekile zomgudu womchamo ngaphandle kokuhlanza nhlobo, ukuvakashelwa ngevidiyo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esicabangela, futhi kuyabaluleka ukwazi ukuthi ukuvakashelwa online kusebenza kanjani uma udinga iresiphi ngaphambi kokubhukha. U-August unikeza i-online urgent care engu-$39, lapho umelaphi ogunyazwe yi-US ehlola izimpawu zakho futhi anqume ukuthi ingabe iresiphi ifanele yini. Lokho ukuvakashelwa akunakwenzeka ukukwenza ukuthatha isampuli yesitho sangasese sowesifazane okudingekayo ukuhlolwa kwe-BV.
Ama-antibiotics E-UTI Asele Angeke Awahlanze i-BV
Ingabe ama-antibiotics e-UTI azophatha i-BV? Cha, futhi isizathu siyisidakamizwa kunokuba siyindlela yokubuyisela noma isikhathi. Isibuyekezo sika-2024 sika-AAFP sibhala ama-ejenti okuqala e-cystitis njenge-nitrofurantoin extended-release 100 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu, i-fosfomycin njengomthamo owodwa ongu-3 g, noma i-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 160/800 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu. Le miyalo yakhethwa ngoba igxila emchameni, hhayi ngoba isebenza emgudwini wesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
I-BV iphathwa ngendlela ehlukile. Iziqondiso zika-CDC zango-2021 zithi i-metronidazole yomlomo engu-500 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezisikhombisa, i-metronidazole gel esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, noma ukhilimu we-clindamycin. Imithi ehlukene, indlela ehlukile, isipho esihlukile. Lezi zindlela zibhalwe lapha ukukhombisa ukuthi zikude kangakanani, hhayi njengeziyalezo zokuziphatha kwakho.
Ukucabanga ngokungalungile akukona ukungathathi hlangothi. Isifo sangempela siqhubeka ngenkathi ulinde isikhathi esingazange sihlose sona, ukuthuthukisa kancane izimpawu kunganciphisa isithombe ngaphambi kokuba omunye akuhlole, futhi i-BV engalashwanga ihlotshaniswa nengozi eyandayo yokuthola i-HIV nezinye izifo zobulili. Ungafuni iresiphi esele kusukela esigamekweni esedlule. Uma i-UTI ibuyela emuva ngemva kokwelashwa okwakungaphumeleli kakade, i-AAFP incoma ukuhlolwa komchamo nokuhlolwa kokuvumelana kwayo kunokuba kugwebo elinye elingazenzeli.
Ezinye Izimpawu Zisho Ukuthi Uyeke Ukuzihlola Uphinde Ubonwe
Shayela u-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo manje uma:
- Unezinga lokushisa noma ukuzizwa ugqolozela ezingalweni noma emhlane, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza, okubuye kusho ukuthi unesifo sezintso.
- Ubona igazi emchameni wakho.
- Umdala uthola ukudideka okungazelelwe noma isimo sengqondo esishintshiwe nezimpawu zomgudu womchamo, okuthi njengoba i-MedlinePlus iqaphela, kungaba yisibonakaliso kuphela sesifo.
- Unezinga eliphezulu lobuhlungu esiswini esingezansi noma esithunjini kanye nezinga lokushisa esihambisana nokuhlanza kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okungakhombisa isifo samathambo esithunjini.
Bhukha ukuvakashelwa phakathi neviki elizayo uma: unezimpawu ze-BV noma ze-UTI ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izimpawu sezihlale isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili, izigameko ziyaqhubeka zibuya, noma izimpawu zomgudu womchamo zihambisana nokuhlanza futhi zidinga ukuhlolwa komuntu siqu.
Khuluma nomelaphi ngaphambi kokuba uqale uma: ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, lesi yisigameko sakho sesithathu ngonyaka, izimpawu zabuyela emva kokuba usuqedile ama-antibiotics, usebenzela umphumela we-strip yasekhaya, noma ucabanga ngama-antibiotics asele.
Enye imithetho eyengeziwe eyabalulekile: uma izimpawu ziyanda, noma nje zingathuthuki, kungakapheli amahora angu-48 kuya ku-72 kusukela uqala i-antibiotic enikeziwe efanele, shayela emuva kunokulinda umjikelezo ugcwaliswe. Uma ungazi ukuthi yisiphi salezi zigaba ozifaka kuzo, i-August AI Symptom Checker yamahhala ingakusiza ukuthi uhlukanise ubunobunobu ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuthi uzoya kuphi.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe i-bacterial vaginosis iyisifo esidluliselwa ngocansi, futhi ingabe umngane wami udinga ukwelashwa?
Cha. I-BV ayibhekwa njengesifo esidluliselwa ngocansi, yize ivame kakhulu kubantu abacansini ngoba ukuya ocansini kuguqula impilo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Iziqondiso zokuqala ze-CDC zibhalele umuntu onesifo. Uma umngane enezimpawu zakhe, kufanele ahlolwe yedwa kunokuba alashwe ngomsizi wakho.
Ingabe ukukhulelwa kushintsha ukuthi kudingeka ngibonwe ngokushesha kangakanani nge-BV noma i-UTI?
Yebo. Bika izimpawu kumelaphi wakho wokukhulelwa ngesonto elifanayo kunokulinda ukubona ukuthi ziyazithuthukisa, futhi ungqalisi lutho kusukela kuresiphi yangaphambilini. Yimaphi ama-antibiotics afanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyisinqumo somgome, futhi izifo zombili zifaneleke ukuthi ziqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa kunokuthi ziqondiswane nezimpawu kuphela.
Ingabe izithako zesilimo esishisayo noma ama-probiotics azolapha i-BV noma i-UTI?
Cha. Akekho uyayikhipha isifo esisebenzayo. Ukuwelapha kokuqala kwe-cystitis iy-antibiotic njenge-nitrofurantoin noma i-fosfomycin, kanti i-BV iyona i-metronidazole noma i-clindamycin. Izithako ngezinye izikhathi kuxoxwa ngazo ngokunciphisa ukuphindeka, okuyinto eyinye indaba kunokuxazulula isifo onaso manje. Phatha isigameko samanje kahle kuqala.
Kungani i-BV yami iqhubeka nokubuya ngemva kokuba ngiqedile ama-antibiotics?
Ngokuvamile ngoba ama-antibiotics akhipha ukukhula okungaphezu kwezidingo ngaphandle kokubuyisela isibalo sezivikelo sezilwane ezivikelayo esivimbela ukuthi singabuyi. Imvelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane ibuyela ekubeni yindawo elula uma umjikelezo uphela. Ukuphindeka kuvamile ngokwanele ukuthi kufanele kube nengxoxo mayelana nendlela ende noma eqinisekile nodokotela, kunokugcwalisa umjikelezo ofanayo wesikhombisa ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ngidinga ukuhlolwa komchamo, noma ngabe ukuhlolwa nge-dipstick kwanele?
Kuvame ukuba hhayi kulesi sigameko sokuqala, esiqondile. I-AAFP igcina ukuhlolwa komchamo nokuhlolwa kokuvumelana kwezifo eziphindaphindayo, ukwelashwa okungaphumelelanga kwangaphambili, ukukhombisa okungajwayelekile, abesilisa abanezingqinamba zomgudu womchamo, nabantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu. Uma isithombe se-BV ne-UTI siboshwe ngokuhlanza, udinga nesampuli yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, njengoba ukuhlolwa kuphendula kuphela uhlangothi lomgudu womchamo.
Isiphetho Nge-BV Ne-UTI
Iphunga nokuhlanza kubonisa i-BV. Ukushisa nokufuna ukuya endlini yokugezela ngaphandle kokuhlanza kubonisa i-UTI. Zombili ngasikhathi sinye kusho ukuhlolwa zombili. Lezi zimbili zidinga ama-antibiotics ahlukene, futhi ukwelapha okungalungile kukubizela izinsuku ngenkathi isifo sangempela siqhubeka. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esisebenzayo ukuhlolwa komchamo ngosuku olufanayo kanye nesampuli yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, noma ukuvakashelwa online uma izimpawu zakho ziyizimpawu ezijwayelekile zomgudu womchamo ngaphandle kokuhlanza.
Isitatimende: Lesi sihloko siyeyezinjongo zolwazi kuphela futhi asisho ukuthi kungukwelulekwa kwezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ofanelekayo ukuze uthole izinqumo zokuxilonga nokwelashwa. Uma ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, shayela u-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.
