I-Metronidazole ye-BV: Ukuthatha Imithamo, Uhlu Lwezinsuku Nezinsuku, Nokwenzeka Ngemuva Kokuphela Kwemithi

I-Metronidazole ye-BV ingenye yemithi ejwayelekile kadokotela yokwelapha i-bacterial vaginosis (BV). Imithamo evamile yomlomo ingama-500 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, kanti indlela yokusebenzisa emgudwini wobulili iyigeli le-metronidazole elingu-0.75% kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu. Abantu abaningi babona iphunga elinjengenhlanzi liqala ukuncipha phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, kodwa izimpawu zingathatha isikhathi eside ukuba ziphele ngokuphelele.

Imithi ingaqeda isimo samanje. Ayiqinisekisi ukuthi i-BV ngeke iphinde ibe khona, yingakho ukuphindeka kwayo kuvamile.

ESIFISHANE KAKHULU: Okubalulekile

• Izinketho ezimbili zokuqala ze-CDC ukuba kube yi-metronidazole 500 mg amaphilisi kabili ngosuku izinsuku eziyisikhombisa noma igeli le-metronidazole lomgudu wobulili elingu-0.75% kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu.
• Iphunga ngokuvamile liqala ukuncipha cishe ngosuku lwesibili kuya losuku lwesithathu. Ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kwezimpawu kungathatha isikhathi eside.
• Uma kungasekho ngcono ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, noma izimpawu zihlala ngemuva kokuqeda imithi, thintana nodokotela wakho kunokuba uqale enye imithi ngokwakho.
• Iziqondiso ze-CDC zango-2021 azisazihleli ukugwema utshwala ngokujwayelekile ne-metronidazole ngokuya ngobufakazi obutholakalayo, kodwa isitifiketi semithi sisaqamba ukuthi uyaligwema phakathi nokwelashwa kanye nezinsuku ezintathu okungenani ngemuva kwayo.
• I-BV ivame ukuphindeka ngemuva kokwelashwa. Uma unezigameko eziphindaphindwayo, buza ngohlelo lokuvimbela ukuphindeka kunokuthi uvamile ukuphinda imithamo emifushane.

Udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela ngezimpawu zakho? Ukuvakashela okungama-$39 okungabizi kakhulu ku-inthanethi kwe-August kukuxhumanisa nodokotela ogunyaziwe e-US ongabuyekeza izimpawu zakho futhi anqume ukuthi ukubonana ku-inthanethi kanye nemiyalelo yomuthi kuyafaneleka yini.

I-Metronidazole ye-BV iyakhipha ukukhula kwamagciwane, kodwa ayiqinisekisi ukuthi imikrosom yakho izohlala ilinganisela

I-Metronidazole ye-BV iyichibi lokubuyiselwa ngemiyalelo lokuthola igciwane le-nitroimidazole elihlasela amagciwane angama-anaerobic ahlobene ne-bacterial vaginosis. Iziqondiso zokwelashwa kwe-STI ze-CDC zango-2021 ziyibeka njengokwelashwa kokuqala ngezindlela ezimbili: amaphilisi angama-500 mg athathwa kabili ngosuku izinsuku eziyisikhombisa noma igeli lomgudu wobulili elingu-0.75% elisetshenziswa kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu.

Inhloso ukukhipha ukukhula kwamagciwane okubangela isimo samanje. I-Metronidazole ayisakhi kabusha ngqo imikrosom yomgudu wobulili noma iqinisekise ukuthi ama-lactobacilli okuvikela azohlala ebusayo ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Lokho kuhlukile kubalulekile ngoba i-BV ingabuyela ngisho nangemuva kokuba imithi yama-antibayothiki ibonakale isebenza. Ukuphindeka akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi imithi yehlulekile, ukuthi wenze lutho olungalungile, noma ukuthi amagciwane akekhohlile.

Ukuqedela umjikelezo kuqeda lesi sigameko, hhayi ingozi yakho ye-BV

Nalu okunye okuningi okungakutshelwa: I-BV ingabuya ngisho nangemuva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Iziqondiso ze- CDC zithi ukuphindeka kuvamile, neminye imikhakha yocwaningo ibika ukuphindeka kwabesifazane abangaphezu kwabangu-half ezinyangeni eziyi-12.

Lokho kuguqula ukuthi ingxoxo yokuwelashwa ewusizo ibukeka kanjani. Uma uke waba ne-BV ngaphambili, kufanele ubuzwe, "Ingabe lo mjikelezo uzoyiqeda?" kodwa futhi, "Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma iphinde yaba khona?"

Kubantu abanezimpindamlando eziphindaphindwayo, odokotela bangacabanga ngokwelashwa okuthulisa. Isibonelo esisodwa esixoxwa kweziqondiso zezokwelapha yilezi: igeli le-metronidazole lomgudu wobulili elingu-0.75% kabili ngesonto izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokwelashwa kwesigameko esibi. Uhlelo oluqondile luya emlandweni wakho futhi kufanele luvele kudokotela wakho.

Inhloso akuwona ukuthi uqhubeke nokuthatha ama-antibayothiki njalo lapho izimpawu zivela. Kuyinhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ukwelapha isimo samanje kahle, futhi ube nohlelo uma ukuphindeka kuba yinto evamile.

Umjikelezo wamaphilisi wezinsuku eziyi-7 uyajwayelekile, ngenkathi igeli lomgudu wobulili linikeza enye inketho yokuqala

I-Metronidazole ye-BV dosage incike kumkhiqizo odokotela wakho ayikhipha ngayo.

Uhlelo oluvame kakhulu lomlomo luba yi-metronidazole 500 mg ngomlomo kabili ngosuku izinsuku eziyisi7. Enye inketho yokuqala ye-CDC i-0.75% metronidazole vaginal gel, enesiphuzo esingu-5 g esetshenziswa emgudwini wobulili kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu.

Zombili ziyizinketho zokuqala. Ukukhetha akuyona nje phakathi kokwelashwa "okuqine" nokuncane. Udokotela wakho angacabangela imiphumela engemihle, impendulo yokwelashwa yangaphambili, ukukhetha, nokuthi ukwelashwa komgudu wobulili noma komlomo kunengqondo yini kuwe.

Umthamo owodwa ungama-2 g we-metronidazole womlomo uye wacwaningwa nge-BV, kodwa akuyona indlela ejwayelekile ye-CDC. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezithathwa kanye, okuhlanganisa ne-secnidazole, ziyizindlela ezizele kunokuba zithathe indawo yezindlela ezijwayelekile zokuqala.

Imithetho emibili ewusizo ibaluleke kakhulu: thatha imithi yakho ngqo njengoba unikezwe yona bese uqedela umjikelezo ngisho noma iphunga libe selinyamalele kusenesikhathi.

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo womlomo, uwuthathe lapho uwukhumbula ngaphandle kokuthi kuseduze isikhathi somthamo olandelayo. Kulelo cala, shiya umthamo ophuthelwe bese ubuyela ohlelweni lwakho olujwayelekile. Ungalokothi uphindwe kabili umthamo.

Kufanele ubone iphunga lincipha ngosuku lwesithathu, hhayi ngosuku loku-1

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-metronidazole ukuba isebenze ku-BV? Imithi iqala ukusebenza ngemuva kokuba uyithathile, kodwa izimpawu zakho azidingeki zinyamalale ngokushesha.

Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa komlomo kungaba kanje:

• Usuku 1: Uqala ukwelashwa. Ungalindeli ukuthi iphunga noma ukukhishwa kunyamalale ngokushesha.
• Izinsuku 2 kuya kwezi-3: Iphunga elinjengenhlanzi lingaqala ukuncipha. Ukukhishwa kungase kuqale nokushintsha.
• Izinsuku 4 kuya kwezi-5: Izimpawu kufanele ziqhubeke nokuhamba ngendlela efanele.
• Izinsuku 6 kuya kwezi-7: Qhubeka nokuthatha wonke umthamo ngisho noma usuvele uzizwa ulungile.
• Ngemuva komthamo wokugcina: Ukukhishwa okusele noma izinguquko ephunga zingathatha isikhathi eside ukuba zihleleke.

Lokhu kuyisikhathi esijwayelekile, hhayi isiqinisekiso. Abanye abantu bayathuthuka ngokushesha, kanti abanye badinga isikhathi esengeziwe.

Iphuzu elibalulekile liyindlela jikelele. Uma izimpawu ziba zimbi ngokucacile, noma kungasekho ngcono okubonakalayo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, thintana nodokotela wakho kunokuba uzanele ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Ukulunywa okunjensimbi kulindelekile; ukubaba noma ukubanjwa akulindelekile

I-Metronidazole ye-BV iziphumo ezingezinhle ngokuvamile ziyalawuleka, kodwa ezinye zizoqashelwa kakhulu kunezinye. I-MedlinePlus ibala imiphumela engemihle okuhlanganisa ukunambitheka okunjensimbi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, nobuhlungu bekhanda.

Ukulunywa okunjensimbi kungaba yisikhathazo ikakhulukazi. Ukudla nemithi yakho, lapho kuvunyelwe imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, kungasiza ukunciphisa isicanucanu. Ukulunywa okungena ushukela noma uswidi kungenza ukulunywa kube lula ukubekezelela.

Uma imiphumela engemihle yomlomo yenza kube nzima ukuqedela ukwelashwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho kunokuba uyeke ngokwakho. Indlela yokusebenzisa emgudwini wobulili ingaba yindlela efanele kwabanye abantu.

Ezinye izimpawu zidinga ukunakwa kakhulu. Thintana nodokotela ngokushesha uma uthola ukubanjwa, ukubaba, ukushisa, noma ubuhlungu ezandleni noma ezinyaweni zakho. Thola usizo lokuphuthumayo lwezokwelapha uma unezinyo, ukudideka okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa ukuhambisana, noma ukusabela okunzima esikhunjeni okuhlanganisa ukuvuvukala noma ukudabuka.

Umthetho wokungasebenzisi utshwala washintsha ngonyaka ka-2021, kodwa isitifiketi semithi sisaqamba ukuthi uyaligwema

Ungaphuzwa utshwala ne-metronidazole ye-BV? Lokhu kungenye yezingxenye ezididayo kakhulu zemiyalelo yemithi.

I- Ukubuyekezwa kweziqondiso ze-CDC zango-2021 kusho ukuthi ukugwema utshwala akusadingeki ngokuya ngobufakazi obutholakalayo, obungazange bubeke ukusabela okungalindelekile okufana ne-disulfiram phakathi kwe-metronidazole notshwala.

Nokho, isitifiketi semithi sisaqhubeka nesikhundla esicophelela kakhudlwana. I-MedlinePlus iyaluleka ukugwema iziphuzo ezidakayo nemikhiqizo equkethe utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kanye nezinsuku ezintathu okungenani ngemuva komthamo wokugcina.

Ngakho-ke kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqondiswa okumele uzazi:

• CDC: ukugwema utshwala ngokujwayelekile akusaswelwa ngokuya ngobufakazi obubuyekezwe.
• Isitifiketi semithi: sisaqamba ukugwema utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kanye nezinsuku ezintathu okungenani ngemuva kwayo.

Uma ufuna indlela eqinisekile, landela isitifiketi semithi kanye nemiyalelo kadokotela wakho. Utshwala bungaphinde bubenze isicanucanu nokubuhlungu kwesisu kube kubi kakhulu, okuyiziphumo ezingezinhle ezivele zingaba khona ze-metronidazole.

Uma ungathuthuki, lokho kuyisidingo sokubizela ucingo, hhayi ukulinda nokubona

Inkinga nge-metronidazole ye-BV engasebenzi ukuthi imithi ingase ingabi yona inkinga.

Izimpawu ze-BV ziyahambisana nezifo zamagciwane, i-trichomoniasis, nezinye izifo zokungcola noma ezidluliselwa ngokocansi. Uma ukuxilongwa kungalungile, i-metronidazole ngeke ilungise inkinga eyisisekelo.

Umthetho owusizo ngalokhu: uma ungaboni ngcono ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokwelashwa, noma izimpawu zihlala ngemuva kokuqedela umjikelezo okunikezwe yona, thintana nodokotela wakho.

Ungalandeli:

• Qala kabusha i-metronidazole esele kusukela kumiyalelo endala.
• Thatha imithi yomunye umuntu.
• Engeza i-antifungal noma enye i-antibiotic ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi welaphe ngantoni.
• Qhubeka nokuphindaphinda imijikelezo ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukucabangela enye inkinga, i-BV eqhubekayo noma ephindekayo, ukuthola okusha, noma okunye okubangela izimpawu. Kukhona futhi lapho ukuthi ngabe i-urgent care ingakwazi ukuhlola i-BV iba umbuzo owusizo. Kuye ngomtholampilo, ungadinga ukuhlolwa noma ukuhlolwa komgudu wobulili ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kwenzakalani.

Uma ungazelele ukuthi izimpawu zakho zidinga ukunakekelwa okungaphuthumayo noma ukuvakashela okujwayelekile, Isihloli sezimpawu se-AI samahhala se-August singakusiza unqume ukuthi izinga lokunakekelwa lingaba lifanele yini.

Thola ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo manje uma:

• Unokuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Unezingozi, ukudideka okukhulu, noma ukulahlekelwa ukuhambisana.
• Uthola ukusabela okunzima esikhunjeni okuhlanganisa ukuvuvukala, ukudabuka, noma ukusabalala.
• Unefiva noma okubandayo okunezinhlungu ezinkulu esithweni sangasese noma esiswini esingezansi.
• Ukhulelwe futhi unezinhlungu ezinkulu esiswini, ifiva, izimfihlo, noma ukuphuma uketshezi.
• Unegazi eliningi noma elingajwayelekile esithweni sangasese elinezimpawu ezikhathazayo.

Bhukha ukuvakashela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma:

• Izimpawu zakho azizange zithuthuke ngemuva kokuqedela umjikelezo ophelele.
• Izimpawu zakho ziyaba zimbi ngesikhathi uthatha imithi.
• Leli yisigameko sakho sesithathu noma esikhulu kakhulu se-BV ezinyangeni eziyi-12.
• Uthola ukukhishwa okusha noma okuhlukile ngemuva kokwelashwa.
• Ukhulelwe futhi unezimpawu ze-BV.

Khuluma nodokotela ngaphambi kokuba uqale i-metronidazole uma:

• Ukhulelwe noma uncelisa ingane yakho.
• Uthatha i-warfarin noma enye imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
• Uthatha i-lithium noma i-disulfiram.
• Unesifo esikhulu sesibindi.
• Wake waphendula i-metronidazole noma enye i-nitroimidazole.
• Unomlando wokuba nezinyo noma i-neuropathy yangaphandle.

Ukuze uthole isimo esiqhubekayo noma esibuyayo, uku-inthanethi kwe-August okungabizi kakhulu okungu-$39 kuvumela udokotela ogunyaziwe e-US ukuthi abuyekeze izimpawu zakho futhi anqume ukuthi ukwelashwa kufanele yini. Ukubonana okungabonakali akukwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa komthondo womlomo noma ukuqoqa isampula emgudwini wobulili, ngakho-ke ungase uqondiswe ukuhlolwa komuntu lapho kudingeka khona.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile

Ingabe i-metronidazole iphephile ukuyithatha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

I-Metronidazole isetshenziswa njalo ukwelapha i-BV enezimpawu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa ukwelashwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhunjulwe ngudokotela wakho wokubelethisa noma omunye ochwepheshe wezempilo ongafanele.

Tshela udokotela wakho ukuthi ukhulelwe ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Ungazelaphi ngokusekelwe kumiyalelo endala noma ukhethe phakathi komuthi womlomo noma womgudu wobulili ngaphandle kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha.

Izimiso zokuhlola kanye nezinqumo zokwelashwa zihlukile ekwelapheni umuntu onobuvunye obungabonakali. I-USPSTF ayikuhleli ukuhlola i-BV ngokujwayelekile kubantu abakhulelwe abangenawo izimpawu abangahlukanisi engozini yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ingabe umngane wami udinga ukwelashwa kwe-BV nami?

Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwabalingani besilisa akukaze kuhlehliswe isikhathi eside isigameko sokuqala se-BV.

Nokho, i-BV ephindeka njalo iyindawo yokucwaninga egucukayo neziqondiso zezokwelapha. Uma izimpawu zakho ziphindeka njalo, ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nomlingani ofanayo, tshala lokho esimweni kudokotela wakho. Banganquma ukuthi ukuhambisana nomlingani kuyafaneleka yini ngokuya ngeziqondiso zamanje kanye nezimo zakho.

Ingabe kukhona indlela yokuthenga ngaphandle komuthi we-metronidazole ye-BV?

Ayikho imithi ongayithola esitolo ongayithola esitolo eyenzelwe njengendlela yokubuyiselwa yokwelashwa kwe-BV enezimpawu.

Imikhiqizo ethengiswayo nephunga lomgudu wobulili noma i-pH ingashintsha izimpawu okwesikhashana, kodwa ayibuyiseli ukuxilongwa okufanele nokwelashwa okufanele ngamakhemikhali.

Lokho kubalulekile ngoba i-BV ingaba nomuzwa ofana nezifo zamagciwane nezinye i-STI. Ukwelapha isimo esingalungile kungabambezela imithi oyidingayo impela.

Ngidinga ukuhlolwa okujikelezayo ngemuva kokuqedela i-metronidazole?

Ngokuvamile cha uma izimpawu zakho ziphele ngokuphelele.

Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingekile ngemuva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ukubuyekezwa kuba kubaluleke kakhulu lapho izimpawu zihlala, ziphindeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokwelashwa, noma ziphindeka njalo.

Uma izimpawu ziphindeka, ungacabangi ukuthi udinga omunye umjikelezo we-metronidazole. Udokotela wakho angase afune ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkinga kusawona i-BV.

Ingabe i-metronidazole izoziqeda futhi izifo zamagciwane?

Cha. I-Metronidazole ayilaphi izifo zamagciwane.

I-Metronidazole ihlose amanye amagciwane futhi ayinayo i-antifungal activity ku-Candida. Uma uthola ukukhishwa okumhlophe okujiyile, ukulunywa okubalulekile, noma ezinye izimpawu ezibukeka ngokuhlukile kune-BV yakho evamile, ungase ube nesifo samagciwane noma isimo esihlukile esidinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Uma ungazelele ukuthi yini eyimbangela izimpawu, hamba uhlolwe kunokuba uzilaphe ngokusekelwe ekubukeni kwakho.

Isiphetho

I-Metronidazole ye-BV ingenye yezindlela ezijwayelekile zokwelapha isimo esisebenzayo se-BV. Umjikelezo ojwayelekile womlomo ungama-500 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku eziyisi7, kanti igeli lomgudu wobulili elingu-0.75% kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu kungenye yenketho yokuqala ye-CDC.

Ungalindeli ukuthi iphunga elinjengenhlanzi lizonyamalala ngemuva komthamo wokuqala. Abantu abaningi bayathola ngcono cishe ngosuku lwesibili kuya losuku lwesithathu, kodwa ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kwezimpawu kungathatha isikhathi eside. Qeda wonke umthamo ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono kusenesikhathi.

Uma ungathuthuki, izimpawu zihlala ngemuva komjikelezo, noma i-BV iphindeka njalo, ungavami ukuphinda ukwelashwa okufanayo. Hlolwa kabusha futhi buza ngohlelo lokuvimbela ukuphindeka.

Futhi uma udinga ukuxoxisana ngezimpawu zakho nodokotela, uku-inthanethi kwe-August okungabizi kakhulu okungu-$39 kungaba yindawo enhle yokuqala lapho izimpawu zakho zifanele khona ukwelashwa okungabonakali.