I-Cirrhosis isimo esibi esithinta isibindi. Kwenzeka lapho izicubu zesibindi ezinempilo zifakwa izicubu ezibaziweyo, okwenza kube nzima esibindini ukusebenza kahle. Lesi simo sivame ukubangelwa izifo zesibindi ezingapheli, njenge-hepatitis, kanye nezinkinga zokuphuza utshwala. Ezinye izizathu zingabandakanya isifo sesibindi esinamafutha esingabangelwa utshwala kanye nezifo ezihlasela umzimba.
Izimpawu ze-cirrhosis zingahluka kakhulu. Abantu abaningi bangase bangabonakali izimpawu ezigabeni zakuqala. Njengoba isifo siba sibi, izimpawu ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, ukuphaphatheka kwesikhumba namehlo (okubizwa ngokuthi i-jaundice), kanye nokuvuvukala esiswini. Lezi zimpawu zikhombisa ukuthi isibindi silwa nokuhlunga ubuthi, ukwenza amaprotheni abalulekile, nokulawula ukuhamba kwegazi.
Enye yezimpawu ezibalulekile kodwa ezivame ukunganakwa ze-cirrhosis yizinguquko zesikhumba. Abantu abane-cirrhosis bangathola imikhuhlane ehlukene nezinkinga zesikhumba ngenxa yezinkinga zesibindi. Ngokwesibonelo, umkhuhlane ohambisana ne-cirrhosis ungabangela ukulunywa okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwakheka kwamanyathelo ebile egazini. Ezinye izinguquko zesikhumba, njengezibazi ezifana nobuchopho bezintuthwane nezinsimbi ezibomvu, zingase zibonise inkinga yesibindi. Ukwazi ngalezi zimpawu zesikhumba kubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.
Umkhuhlane We-Cirrhosis
Umkhuhlane we-Cirrhosis ubhekisa ezinguqukweni zesikhumba noma ezingavamile ezenzeka kubantu abane-cirrhosis, isifo sesibindi esingapheli esibonakala ngokubazola okukhulu kwezicubu zesibindi. Le mikhuhlane ivame ukuxhumana nokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi kanye neziyobisi zomzimba.
Izimbangela Yomkhuhlane We-Cirrhosis
1. Ukwakheka kwamanyathelo ebile: Ukungaphumeleli kokukhipha amanyathelo ebile kuholela ekwakhekeni kwamanyathelo ebile ngaphansi kwesikhumba, okubangela ukulunywa nemikhuhlane.
2. Ukunciphisa ukukhipha ubuthi: Ukungakwazi kwesibindi ukuhlunga ubuthi kungadala ukucasuka kwesikhumba nokushintsha umbala.
3. Ukopha okubi kakhulu: Ukuncipha kokwenziwa kwamajajimethini okwenza igazi libe namandla kungadala ukubhakuziswa kalula kanye namabala afana nomkhuhlane (petechiae).
Izinhlobo Zemikhuhlane Ye-Cirrhosis
1. I-Pruritus (Isikhumba Esilunyayo): Ukulunywa okukhulu ngenxa yokuqoqeka kwamanyathelo ebile kuvamile.
2. I-Spider Angiomas: imithambo yegazi encane efana nezintuthwane ebonakala esikhumbeni, kaningi esifubeni noma ebusweni.
3. Umkhuhlane Ohambisana neJaundice: Ukuphaphatheka kwesikhumba kanye nemikhuhlane eyakheke izindawo ngenxa yokuqoqeka kwe-bilirubin.
Izinhlobo Zemikhuhlane Ye-Cirrhosis
I-Cirrhosis ingadala izimpawu ezahlukene zesikhumba ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi kanye neziyobisi zomzimba. Ngezansi kunezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zemikhuhlane nezinguquko zesikhumba ezihambisana ne-cirrhosis:
• I-Pruritus (isikhumba esilunyayo):
Kubangelwa ukuqoqeka kwamanyathelo ebile ngaphansi kwesikhumba, okubangela ukulunywa okukhulu. Ivame ukuba yonke indawo kodwa ingaba nzima kakhulu ezindololwaneni, ezinyaweni, noma emhlane.
• I-Spider Angiomas:
Imithambo yegazi encane efana nezintuthwane ibonakala ngaphansi nje kwendawo yesikhumba. Lezi zivame ukubonakala esifubeni, entanyeni, nasebusweni futhi zibangelwa ukungalingani kwamahomoni okuxhumene nesifo sesibindi.
• Umkhuhlane Ohambisana neJaundice:
Isikhumba namehlo kuphaphatheka ngenxa yokuqoqeka kwe-bilirubin, kaningi kuhambisana nemikhuhlane eyakheke izindawo, ecasulayo.
• I-Petechiae kanye ne-Purpura:
Amabala amancane abomvu noma apurple abangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngenxa yokuncipha kwamajajimethini okwenza igazi libe namandla kanye nokungalingani kwamaplatelet.
• I-Palmar Erythema:
Ukuphaphatheka kwezintende zezandla kuvame ukuxhumana nezinguquko zamahomoni kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi.
• I-Xanthomas:
Ukwakheka kwamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba, okuvame ukubonakala njengezindimbane eziphaphazelekayo, kubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka kwamafutha esibindini seziguli ze-cirrhosis.
Ukuxilonga i-Cirrhosis Ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zesikhumba
| Impawu Yesikhumba | Inkcazelo | Imiphumela Yokuxilonga |
|---|---|---|
| I-Pruritus | Ukulunywa okukhulu kubangelwa ukuqoqeka kwamanyathelo ebile ngaphansi kwesikhumba. | Kubonisa ukuvinjelwa kokuhamba kwamanyathelo ebile noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi okuthuthukile. |
| I-Spider Angiomas | Imithambo yegazi encane efana nezintuthwane ibonakala esikhumbeni, ikakhulukazi esifubeni. | Ibonisa ukungalingani kwamahomoni, okujwayelekile ku-cirrhosis ngenxa yokuqoqeka kwe-estrogen. |
| I-Jaundice | Ukuphaphatheka kwesikhumba namehlo kubangelwa ukuqoqeka kwe-bilirubin. | Impawu yokulimala okukhulu kwesibindi nokungasebenzi kahle kokucubungula i-bilirubin. |
| I-Petechiae kanye ne-Purpura | Amabala amancane abomvu noma apurple ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba. | Kubonisa ukuncipha kokwenziwa kwamajajimethini okwenza igazi libe namandla kanye nokungalingani kwamaplatelet. |
| I-Palmar Erythema | Ukuphaphatheka kwezintende zezandla, kuvame ukuba nhlangothi zombili. | Kuhambisana nezinguquko zamahomoni kanye nesifo sesibindi esingapheli. |
| I-Xanthomas | Ukwakheka kwamafutha aphaphazelekayo ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kaningi eduze kwamehlo noma amalungu. | Ibonisa ukuhlukumezeka kwamafutha, okujwayelekile esifweni sesibindi. |
Isifinyezo
Izimpawu zesikhumba ziyizikhombisi-ndlela ezibalulekile ze-cirrhosis kanye nokuqhubeka kwayo. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa i-pruritus (ukulunywa okukhulu okuvela ekuqoqekeni kwamanyathelo ebile), i-spider angiomas (imithambo yegazi efana nezintuthwane evela ekungalingani kwamahomoni), i-jaundice (ukuphaphatheka kwesikhumba namehlo ngenxa yokuqoqeka kwe-bilirubin), kanye nepetechiae noma i-purpura (amabala amancane abomvu noma apurple abangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba). Ezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile zihlanganisa i-palmar erythema (izintende zezandla ezibomvu ezixhumene nezinguquko zamahomoni) kanye ne-xanthomas (ukwakheka kwamafutha aphaphazelekayo abangelwa ukuhlukumezeka kwamafutha).
Le misebenzi yesikhumba, ihambisana nokuhlola komtholampilo kanye nezinqumo zamalabhorethri, ingasiza ekuxilongeni i-cirrhosis nasekuqapheleni ubunzima bayo. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze kube nokuphathwa kahle.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yini ebanga umkhuhlane we-cirrhosis?
Ukuqoqeka kwamanyathelo ebile, izinguquko zamahomoni, kanye nokuncipha kokusebenza kwesibindi yizimbangela ezijwayelekile zezinguquko zesikhumba ezihlobene ne-cirrhosis. Lezi zici zingadala ukulunywa, ukubomvu, nezinye izimpawu zesikhumba ezibonakalayo.
Ingabe ukulunywa kuyimpawu ye-cirrhosis?
Yebo. Ukulunywa okukhulu (i-pruritus) kuyimpawu evamile ye-cirrhosis, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezingasebenzi kahle ukuhamba kwamanyathelo ebile. Kwenzeka lapho izigidi zamanyathelo ebile ziqoqa emzimbeni.
Yini ekhombisa i-spider angiomas?
I-Spider angiomas yimithambo yegazi encane efana nezintuthwane engase ibonise izinguquko zamahomoni ezihlobene nokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi. Ivame ukubonakala kubantu abane-cirrhosis.
Ingabe izimpawu zesikhumba zingaba yimpawu yokuqala ye-cirrhosis?
Yebo. I-jaundice, ukulunywa okungapheli, izintende zezandla ezibomvu, noma i-spider angiomas zingaba phakathi kwezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sesibindi esingaphansi.
Kufanele ngibone udokotela yini ngenxa yomkhuhlane we-cirrhosis?
Yebo. Thinta udokotela uma ubona izinguquko ezintsha noma ezingapheli zesikhumba, ikakhulukazi uma zenzeka kanye nezimpawu ezifana ne-jaundice, ukuvuvukala kwesisu, ukukhathala, noma ukubhakuziswa kalula.
