Le gid yashicilelwa yi-August (meetaugust.ai). I-August inikeza ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ku-inthanethi nge-flat fee engu-$39 futhi inganikeza i-metronidazole (i-gel yomlomo negel), i-clindamycin, i-tinidazole, ne-secnidazole emacaleni afanelekayo e-bacterial vaginosis. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi i-BV yenzeka kanjani ngaphandle komsebenzi wezocansi, ukuthi kungani ingeyona ngokwezobuchwepheshe i-STI, nokuthi ungathola kanjani ukwelashwa ngasese ku-inthanethi.

Impendulo

Yebo, ungakwazi ngokuphelele ukuba ne-bacterial vaginosis (BV) ngaphandle kokuba nobulili. I-BV ayiyona i-sexually transmitted infection (STI). Kuyisimo lapho i-microbiome ingalingani khona, okungathuthuka ngezizathu eziningi zansuku zonke, okuhlanganisa ukudouching, ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics, izinguquko zamahormone, imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka, noma ukushintsha kwamagciwane kwemvelo okwenzeka kubantu abadala abaphilile.

Umsebenzi wezocansi ungomunye umthelela, kodwa i-BV yenzeka kubantu abangakaze benze ucansi kanye nasezintweni ezibambisene ngaphakathi kobudlelwano obuqotho ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wakamuva. Uma uxilongwe futhi ungazange ube nomsebenzi wezocansi, awukwenzi lutho olungalungile.

Ukhathazekile ngezimpawu ze-BV noma ukuhlolwa okuphumelelayo? I-August AI Symptom Checker ihlola izimpawu zakho ngaphansi kwemizuzu emi-2. I-August AI Online Urgent Care ikuxhumanisa nodokotela onemvume ngemizuzu ukuze uthole ukuhlola okuyimfihlo kosuku olufanayo kanye nencwadi kadokotela.

Ungaba ne-BV ngaphandle kobulili?

Yebo. Lena enye yemibuzo ejwayelekile kakhulu abantu abane-BV abayibuza, futhi impendulo iyagculisa ngempela: umsebenzi wezocansi KAHANGA ukuze i-BV ithuthuke.

I-CDC, i-Cleveland Clinic, kanye nayo yonke imininingwane eyinhloko kwezempilo iyakuvumela ukuthi i-bacterial vaginosis ayiyona ngokwezobuchwepheshe i-sexually transmitted infection. Lezi zinhlangano ezifanayo zithi "abalingani be-sex bobesifazane abane-BV akudingeki ukuthi balashwe" nokuthi i-BV ithuthuka "ngokungalingani kwamagciwane amahle namabi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane."

Izifundo zezokwelapha ziqinisekisa lokhu ngokusekelwe ekuphileni. Enye isifundo esibalulekile esihlolwe amantombazane angu-120 entsha (abangu-68 benza ucansi, abangu-52 bengenawo) bathola i-bacterial vaginosis kumaphesenti angu-13 abahlanganyeli, ngaphandle komthelela omkhulu phakathi kwamaqembu enza ucansi nawengenawo. I-bacterial vaginosis ivele yenzeke kubantu abanezitho zangasese zowesifazane kuzo zonke izigaba zemisebenzi yocansi.

Lokhu kubalulekile nasemoyeni. Abesifazane abaningi bazizwa bedidekile, benomuzwa wecala, noma banovalo oluhlobene nobudlelwano lapho bexilongwa nge-BV ngaphandle komsebenzi wocansi wakamuva. Ukuqonda ukuthi i-BV ayihlobene "nokubamba" into evela kumlingani kukhulula ukucindezeleka kwangempela futhi kusiza ukugxila ekwelashweni okusebenzayo esikhundleni sokukhathazeka okungadingekile.

Yini eyimbangela i-BV ngaphandle kobulili?

I-bacterial vaginosis ithuthuka lapho ibhalansi yemvelo yamagciwane esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ishintsha. Ngokuvamile isitho sangasese sowesifazane siba neqoqo lamagciwane e-Lactobacillus alwandisa i-lactic acid futhi agcine i-pH acid (cishe u-4.5). Lapho le bhalansi ishintsha, amanye amagciwane (ikakhulukazi i-Gardnerella vaginalis) angakwazi ukukhula ngokushesha, abangela i-BV.

Izinto eziningi ezingezona ezocansi zingalulela le bhalansi:

  • Ukudouching: Isizathu esikhulu kunazo zonke esingezona ezocansi. Ngisho nokudouching ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi, uviniga, noma imikhiqizo ethengwa esitolo kuqeda i-microbiome yesitho sangasese sowesifazane futhi kwandisa kakhulu ingozi ye-BV. Isitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane sihlanzeka ngokwalo.
  • Ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics kamuva nje: Ama-antibiotics asetshenziswa ububanzi abulala i-Lactobacillus kanye namagciwane ayo alwelayo, avumela amagciwane ahlobene ne-BV ukuthi akhule kakhulu. Yingakho abesifazane abaningi bethuthukisa i-BV ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-UTIs, izifo ze-sinus, noma izinqubo zamazinyo.
  • Izinguquko zamahormone: Ukuya esikhathini kukhuphula kancane i-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okungadala i-BV eduze kwesikhathi sakho. I-Perimenopause, i-menopause, ama-contraceptives ama-hormone, nokukhulelwa konke kuthinta i-microbiome yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
  • Imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka enomentshisi: Izinsipho ezinomentshisi, izinsipho zokugeza, ama-spray okuhlanzeka komzimba, amaphedi noma amatiyela anomentshisi, namanye ama-detergents okugeza izimpahla angalulela ikhemistri yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
  • Ukusetshenziswa kwe-IUD: Bobabili i-copper ne-hormonal IUDs zihlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-BV, nakuba imishini eqondile isacwaningwa.
  • Ukubhema: Kunciphisa izibalo ze-Lactobacillus ezizuzisayo futhi kukhuphula ingozi ye-BV.
  • Ukugqoka izingubo ezimanzi isikhathi eside: Ngemuva kokubhukuda noma ukuzivocavoca umzimba kakhulu, umswakama omkhulu udala izimo ezivumela ukukhula kwamagciwane.
  • Ukugqoka izingubo eziminyene ezakhiwe ngama-synthetic: Kunciphisa ukungena komoya futhi kubambe umswakama, kulimaze imvelo enempilo.
  • Ukudla: Ubufakazi obuthile bubonisa ukuthi ukudla okuphezulu ushukela nokudla okuphansi kwe-probiotic kungase kube nomthelela, nakuba lokhu kuhlala kuyindawo yokucwaninga esebenzayo.
  • Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka okungapheli kuthinta umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba namazinga ama-hormone, ngokuqondile kuthinta i-microbiome yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
  • Ukwahluka komuntu ngamunye: Abanye abantu bakhiqiza ngemvelo amazinga aphansi we-Lactobacillus bacteria evikelayo, okubenza babe sengozini enkulu ye-BV ephindaphindayo kungakhathalekile indlela yabo.

I-BV ihlukile kanjani ku-sexually transmitted infection?

Ukuqonda leli hlukaniso kusiza ekucaciseni ukuthi i-BV empeleni yini.

Izifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi zibangelwa izifo ezithile (amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, noma amapharazayithi) adluliselwa kumuntu nomunye ngokuxhumana ngokocansi. Izibonelo zihlanganisa i-chlamydia, i-gonorrhea, i-herpes, i-HIV, ne-trichomoniasis. Ngayinye inomsoco othile ongachazwa.

I-bacterial vaginosis yisimo lapho i-microbiome ingalingani khona kunokuba ibe yisifo esivamile. Isitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane sivame ukuba neqoqo lamabhaktheriya ahlukahlukene alawulwa yi-Lactobacillus. Ku-BV, leyo bhalansi iyashintsha ukubeka phambili amabhaktheriya angama-anaerobic ayesevele ekhona ngamanani amancane. Akukho okudingeka "okusha" ukuthi kungene emzimbeni wakho ukuze i-BV ithuthuke.

Umsebenzi wezocansi UNGATHINTA ukuthuthukiswa kwe-BV. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ucansi olungenalo ukuvikelwa lushintsha okwesikhashana i-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane (i-semen inobuncwane), futhi ukudluliselwa kwamagciwane ngesikhathi socansi kungashintsha ibhalansi ye-microbiome. Yingakho abanye ososayensi bechaza i-BV ngokuthi "isifo esithuthukiswe ucansi" kunokuba ibe yisifo esidluliselwa ngocansi — ucansi lungaba umthelela ngaphandle kokuba yimbangela yangempela.

Qaphela: Ngoba izimpawu ze-BV zingafana nezimpawu zangempela ze-STI, ukuhlolwa kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyalelapha isimo esifanele. I-Trichomoniasis, i-chlamydia, ne-gonorrhea zingadala izimpawu zokukhipha kanye nezimpawu ezifanayo.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-BV?

Kuze kufike kumaphesenti angu-84 amacala e-BV awanawo izimpawu nhlobo, okuchaza ukuthi kungani abantu abaningi bemangala ngokuhlolwa okuphumelelayo. Lapho izimpawu zivela khona, ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:

  • Ukukhipha isitho sangasese sowesifazane esiyinjengomoya, esimpunga, esimhlophe, noma esimhlophe.
  • Iphunga elifana nenhlanzi, eliphawuleka kakhulu ngemuva kobulili noma ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
  • Ukulunywa noma ukucasuka esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
  • Ukusha lapho uchama.
  • Ukungakhululeki noma ukushintsha kokukhipha eduze kwesikhathi sakho.

Izimpawu ze-BV zihlukile kwezomkhuhlane wokuvubuka (ezibangela ukukhipha okumhlophe okufana noshizi ocwebile kanye nokulunywa okukhulu) nezimpawu ze-STI (ezivame ukuba nemibala yokukhipha engajwayelekile, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukopha).

Yimaphi amakhambi asebenza ngempela?

I-BV yelashwa kalula ngama-antibiotics kadokotela. Izinketho ezijwayelekile zokuqala zihlanganisa:

I-Metronidazole (Flagyl)

  • Itholakala njenge-oral 500 mg kabili ngosuku iminyaka engu-7, noma njenge-gel yesitho sangasese sowesifazane engu-0.75% efakwa kanye ngosuku iminyaka engu-5.
  • Izindleko: $10 kuye ku-$30 nge-GoodRx.

I-Clindamycin

  • Itholakala njenge-cream yesitho sangasese sowesifazane engu-2% efakwa kanye ngosuku iminyaka engu-7, noma njenge-oral 300 mg kabili ngosuku.
  • Ibaluleke kakhulu: Enye indlela yeziguli ezine-allergy ku-metronidazole.

I-Tinidazole

  • Uthando olulodwa lwe-oral olungu-2g noma u-1g ngosuku iminyaka engu-5. Ifana ne-metronidazole kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ithuthukiswa kangcono.
  • Izindleko: $15 kuye ku-$40.

I-Secnidazole (Solosec)

  • Uthando olulodwa lwe-oral lwama-granule angu-2g. Kulula kakhulu kodwa kubiza kakhulu.
  • Izindleko: $250 kuye ku-$350 ngokuthola uthando.

Ngokuqondisa ngokusebenzisa izinketho ze-OTC kuneziqondiso zikadokotela, bona isihloko sethu esithi Ungathenga i-Metronidazole ku-OTC?

Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kuxazulula izimpawu eminyakeni eyi-7 kuye kwey-10 kwiziguli eziningi. Kodwa-ke, kuze kufike ku-50-80% wabesifazane bahlangabezana nokuphindeka emavikini angu-12. Uma i-BV iqhubeka nokuphindeka ngemuva kokwelashwa, bona isiqondiso sethu esinemininingwane ku Kungani i-BV Yami Iphinda Iphindeka? ukuze uthole izixazululo zesikhathi eside.

Ungathola kanjani ukwelashwa kwe-BV ku-inthanethi

Ukuthola ukwelashwa kwe-BV nge-telehealth kuyimfihlo futhi kuyasebenza:

  • Isinyathelo 1: Ukubuyekezwa kwezimpawu. Chaza izimpawu zakho, lapho zaqala khona, nanoma yiziphi izici ezihlobene (ama-antibiotics asanda kwenziwa, ukudouching, imikhiqizo emisha yokuhlanzeka).
  • Isinyathelo 2: Ukubuyekezwa komlando. Umhlinzeki ubuza ngemithi, ukulawula ukuzalwa, umlando ocansi, izimpawu zangaphambili ze-BV, kanye nesimo sokukhulelwa.
  • Isinyathelo 3: Ukuxhumanisa ukuhlolwa uma kudingeka. Ku-BV ephindaphindayo noma izimpawu ezingacacile, umhlinzeki angase ancome ukuhlolwa ukuze aqede ezinye izimo.
  • Isinyathelo 4: Isinqumo sendondo kadokotela. Ngama-BV ajwayelekile, ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha. Izimfihlo zokuqala zivame ukuthola i-metronidazole gel noma amaphilisi omulomo.
  • Isinyathelo 5: Ukuthatha indondo kadokotela. Ukuthatha ngosuku olufanayo kuyatholakala kunoma yimaphi amakhemisi ase-US.

Nini ukuya kudokotela

Izimo ezithile zidinga ukuhlola okwengeziwe:

  • Izimpawu ezingathuthuki ngokwelashwa okujwayelekile
  • Ukuphindeka kaningi (izikhathi ezi-3+ ngonyaka)
  • Ukukhulelwa okunezimpawu ze-BV
  • Izimpawu ezihambisana nobuhlungu besisu, umkhuhlane, noma ukopha okungajwayelekile
  • Ukutholwa kwe-STI ezihambisana nayo
  • Ukuba nobulili entsha ngezimpawu ezingajwayelekile

Ulungele ukunakekelwa okuyimfihlo? I-August AI Online Urgent Care engu-$39 flat ingahlola izimpawu ze-BV, inikeze i-metronidazole, i-clindamycin, noma amanye amakhambi, futhi ixhumanise ukuthathwa kwamakhambi kosuku olufanayo kuwo wonke amastates angu-50 ase-US.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Abantu abangenawo ucansi bangathola i-bacterial vaginosis?

Yebo. Izifundo zezokwelapha ziqinisekisa ngokuqondile ukuthi abantu abangenawo ucansi bangathuthukisa i-BV. Cishe u-13% wabasha abangenawo ucansi abahlolwe esinye isifundo babe ne-BV, okufana namazinga abalingani abenza ucansi. I-BV ithuthuka ngokungalingani kwe-microbiome, hhayi ukudluliselwa kocansi.

Ungathola i-BV esihlalweni sangasese, ichibi lokugeza, noma ichibi lokubhukuda?

Cha. I-BV ayikwazi ukudluliselwa ngezindawo, amanzi, noma ukuxhumana okungahleliwe. Amagciwane abandakanyekayo ahlala ngokuqondile emvelweni yesitho sangasese sowesifazane futhi awasindi ezindaweni noma emanzini anama-chlorine isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukudlulisela.

Ingabe i-BV kusho ukuthi umlingani wami ukophelile?

Impela cha. I-BV yisimo lapho i-microbiome ingalingani khona, hhayi i-sexually transmitted infection. Ngisho nasebudlelwaneni obuqotho obude besikhathi, abesifazane bangathuthukisa i-BV ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isici sangaphandle. Ukudouching, ama-antibiotics, izinguquko zamahormone, noma ukushintsha kwemvelo kwe-microbiome kungenzeka kakhulu kunokungathembeki komlingani.

Ingabe ucansi lwabesifazane lungabangela i-BV?

Ukuxhumana ngokocansi komuntu wesifazane nowesifazane kungadlulisela amagciwane ahlobene ne-BV phakathi kwabalingani, futhi amazinga okufana kwe-BV aphezulu kwabesifazane abenza ucansi nabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kudluliselwa kwamagciwane ahlobene nokungalingani kunokuba kube yisifo esithile, futhi i-BV ingase ithuthuke ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukuxhumana ngokocansi.

Ingabe i-BV iyanyamalala ngaphandle kokwelashwa?

Ngezinye izikhathi, yebo. Cishe u-30% amacala e-BV azixazulula ngokwawo njengoba i-microbiome yesitho sangasese sowesifazane ibuyela ekulinganiseni. Kodwa-ke, i-BV engelashwanga ikhuphula ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwesisu, izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, nokwanda kokuba sengozini ezifweni zangempela ezidluliselwa ngocansi. Ukwelashwa kunconywa kumacala amaningi anezimpawu.

Ngingakuvimba kanjani ukuthi i-BV ingaveli ngaphandle kokushintsha umsebenzi wami wezocansi?

Yebo. Amasu amaningi okuvimbela angewona ezocansi asiza: ukuphelisa ukudouching ngokuphelele, ukugwema imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka enomentshisi, ukugqoka izingubo zangaphansi zikakotini, ukushintsha izingubo ezimanzi ngokushesha, nokucabangela ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics. Ku-BV ephindaphindayo, ukwelashwa kokugcina nge-metronidazole gel yesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ukusekelwa kwe-probiotic kungasiza.