Yini i-Amyl Nitrite: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Amyl nitrite iyimithi esebenza ngokushesha eza njengoketshezi olungena ngamaphaphu olutholakala kuma-capsule amancane engilazi abizwa ngama-ampule. Iyi-vasodilator, okusho ukuthi ivula ngokushesha imithambo yakho yegazi ukuze ithuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Le mithi isetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka ukwelapha izimo ezithile zenhliziyo kanye njengomuthi wokulwa nobuthi bezinhlobo ezithile zobuthi.

Yini i-Amyl Nitrite?

I-Amyl nitrite iyiketshezi elicacile, eliphuzi olilithatha ngokuphefumula ngokuvula i-capsule encane yengilazi. Lo muthi ungoweqembu lezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngama-nitrites, asebenza ngokukhulula imisipha ebushelelezi emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Uma uyiphefumula, umuthi ungena egazini lakho ngamaphaphu akho futhi uqala ukusebenza ngemizuzwana engama-30 kuya kwemi-2.

Lo muthi uza kuma-ampule amancane engilazi aqukethe cishe ama-milliliters angu-0.3 oketshezi. Uqhekeza i-ampule endwangwini noma i-gauze bese uphefumula umhwamuko ophumayo. Imiphumela ivamise ukuhlala imizuzu emi-3 kuya kwemi-5, okwenza kube usizo ezimweni lapho udinga khona ukukhululeka okusheshayo.

Yini i-Amyl Nitrite Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Amyl nitrite isebenza ngezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko zezokwelapha ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kwesimanje. Okokuqala, iphatha ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina okukhulu, okuyizigameko zobuhlungu besifuba obubangelwa ukuncipha kokugeleza kwegazi emsipheni wakho wenhliziyo. Okwesibili, isebenza njengomuthi wokulwa nobuthi be-cyanide, isimo esingavamile kodwa esibi.

Ukuze kukhululwe i-angina, udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-amyl nitrite uma eminye imithi ingasebenzi kahle kuwe. Lo muthi uvula ngokushesha imithambo yakho ye-coronary, okuvumela igazi eliningi ukuthi lifinyelele emsipheni wakho wenhliziyo futhi kunciphise ubuhlungu besifuba. Kodwa-ke, odokotela abaningi manje bakhetha eminye imithi ye-nitrate okulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi enemiphumela engaphezu kokulindeleka.

Ezimweni zokubulawa yisiyane, i-amyl nitrite isiza ngokudala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali egazini lakho okwenza i-cyanide ingabi nobuthi kangako. Amaqembu ezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ngezinye izikhathi ayisebenzisa njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha ngenkathi elungiselela ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Lokhu kusetshenziswa akuvamile futhi kwenzeka kuphela ezindaweni zasemtholampilo noma ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Amyl Nitrite?

I-Amyl nitrite ithathwa njenge-vasodilator ephakathi nendawo esebenza ngokukhipha i-nitric oxide emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Lolu phawu lwamakhemikhali lutshela amaseli emisipha abushelelezi ezindongeni zemithambo yakho ukuthi aphumule, okwenza imithambo ivuleke kakhulu. Cabanga ngayo njengokuvula ipayipi lengadi elincane ukuze kuvumeleke amanzi amaningi ukuthi ageleze.

Lapho imithambo yakho yegazi ivuleka, izinto eziningana ziyenzeka emzimbeni wakho. Umfutho wegazi lakho uyancipha ngoba kukhona indawo eningi yokuthi igazi ligeleze, futhi inhliziyo yakho akudingeki isebenze kanzima ukuze ipompe igazi. Lokhu kugeleza kwegazi okwandisiwe kunganciphisa ubuhlungu besifuba obubangelwa imithambo ye-coronary enciphile.

Umuthi futhi uthinta imithambo yakho, ebuyisela igazi enhliziyweni yakho. Ngokwandisa le mithambo, i-amyl nitrite inciphisa inani legazi elibuyela enhliziyweni yakho, okungasiza uma inhliziyo yakho ilwa ukuze ipompe ngempumelelo. Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili emithanjeni nasemithanjeni senza sibe usizo ezimweni ezithile zenhliziyo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Amyl Nitrite?

Kufanele usebenzise i-amyl nitrite ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo futhi ungasetshenziswa kaningi kunokuba kunconywe. Umuthi uza kuma-ampoules amancane engilazi okudingeka uwachoboze ngokucophelela ngendwangu noma ucezu lwe-gauze. Bamba indwangu cishe ngentshi eyodwa ukusuka emakhaleni akho bese uphefumula imiphunga kancane futhi ngokujulile.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-amyl nitrite, hlala phansi noma ulale phansi ngoba umuthi ungadala isiyezi noma ukuquleka. Ungalokothi ume ngokushesha ngemva kokuyiphefumula, njengoba umfutho wegazi lakho wehla ngokushesha futhi ungase uwe. Uma uyisebenzisela ubuhlungu besifuba, zama ukuhlala uzolile futhi uphefumule ngokujwayelekile ngenkathi umuthi usebenza.

Akudingeki ukuthi uthathe lo muthi ngemva kokudla noma ngamanzi ngoba uwuphefumula esikhundleni sokuwugwinya. Nokho, gwema ukuwusebenzisa ezindaweni ezingenamoya omuhle noma eduze kwelangabi elivulekile, njengoba umusi uqhumuka. Gcina ama-ampoules ekamelweni lokushisa futhi uwavikele ekukhanyeni nasemshinini.

Uma usebenzisa i-amyl nitrite ye-angina, udokotela wakho uzokufundisa ukuthi uqaphele kanjani uma uyidinga nokuthi uyisebenzise kanjani ngokuphepha. Ungalokothi wabelane ngemithi yakho nabanye, ngisho noma benezimpawu ezifanayo, njengoba lo muthi ungalimaza abantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Amyl Nitrite?

I-Amyl nitrite ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kuphela uma idingeka ezigamekweni eziqatha kunokuba ibe yimithi yansuku zonke. Ngezinhlungu ze-angina, ungayisebenzisa lapho kuvela izinhlungu esifubeni futhi ezingakhululwa ngokuphumula noma ezinye izinyathelo. Abantu abaningi abayisebenzisi njalo kodwa bayigcina itholakala ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi kufanele ugcine isikhathi esingakanani i-amyl nitrite itholakala ngokuya ngesimo sakho senhliziyo esithile nokuthi ukwelashwa okunye kusebenza kahle kangakanani. Abanye abantu bangayidinga izinyanga eziningana ngenkathi udokotela wabo elungisa eminye imithi, kanti abanye bangayidinga okwesikhashana ngesikhathi esinzima kakhulu.

Uma uzithola udinga ukusebenzisa i-amyl nitrite izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-2-3 ngesonto, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi isimo sakho esiyisisekelo siya siba sibi noma ukuthi eminye imithi yakho idinga ukulungiswa. Ungalokothi ukwandise ukuthi uyisebenzisa kaningi kanjani ngaphandle kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Amyl Nitrite?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-amyl nitrite ingabangela imiphumela emibi, yize abantu abaningi behlangabezana nemiphumela emincane kuphela. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yenzeka ngoba imithi ithinta imithambo yakho yegazi nomfutho wegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke, hhayi nje lapho udinga ukwelashwa khona.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole:

• Ukuqaqamba kwekhanda, okungaba namandla kakhulu kodwa ngokuvamile kunyamalala ngemizuzu engu-10-20
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unovalo lapho usukuma
• Ukubomvu noma ukuzwa ukufudumala ebusweni nasentanyeni yakho
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuzizwa udidekile

Le miphumela ngokuvamile ihlala imizuzu embalwa nje ngoba umuthi uyaphela ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ukuqaqamba kwekhanda kungase kuqhubeke isikhathi eside futhi kungalawulwa ngamaphilisi aqeda ubuhlungu angathengwa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo uma uhlangabezana nokwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba obuba bubi kunokuba ngcono, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengokuqubuka noma ukuvuvukala.

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa ukubekezelelana ne-amyl nitrite, okusho ukuthi badinga imithamo ephezulu ukuze bathole umphumela ofanayo. Lokhu kuyingozi futhi kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela wakho, okungenzeka ukuthi uzodinga ukukushintshela emuthini ohlukile noma ulungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Amyl Nitrite?

Amaqembu amaningana abantu kufanele agweme i-amyl nitrite ngoba ingaba yingozi noma ingasebenzi kubo. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha nemithi yamanje ngaphambi kokukuchazela lo muthi ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi uphephile kuwe.

Akufanele usebenzise i-amyl nitrite uma unezimo zenhliziyo ezithile ezingase zibe zimbi ngenxa yemiphumela yomuthi engcindezi yegazi nezinga lenhliziyo. Abantu abane-anemia enkulu, ingcindezi eyengeziwe ebuchosheni, noma ukulimala kwekhanda kwamuva kufanele futhi bakugweme ngoba umuthi ungenza lezi zimo zibe zimbi.

Nawa amanye amakhondishini amakhulu enza i-amyl nitrite ingaphephile:

• Ukwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi (i-hypotension)
• Ukuquleka kwesifo senhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungazinzile
• I-anemia enkulu noma izifo zegazi
• Ukucindezela okukhulu ebuchosheni noma ukulimala kwekhanda kwakamuva
• Isifo esibi sezinso noma sesibindi
• I-Glaucoma noma ezinye izinkinga zengcindezi yamehlo

Uma usebenzisa imithi yokwelapha ukungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni njenge-sildenafil (Viagra) noma imithi efanayo, awukwazi neze ukusebenzisa i-amyl nitrite. Ukuhlanganisa kungabangela ukwehla okuyingozi kwengcindezi yegazi okungase kube yingozi empilweni.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo, njengoba ukuphepha kwe-amyl nitrite ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungakahlolisiswa ngokugcwele. Abantu abadala bangase bazwe kalula imiphumela yomuthi futhi bangase badinge ukuqashwa okukhethekile.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Amyl Nitrite

I-Amyl nitrite itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba ivame ukuthengiswa njengomuthi ojwayelekile. Amagama omkhiqizo aziwa kakhulu afaka i-Aspirols ne-Vaporole, kokubili okufika ngefomethi efanayo ye-ampule yengilazi yokuphefumula.

Ezinye izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo nezibhedlela zingase zigcine i-amyl nitrite ngaphansi kwamagama omkhiqizo ahlukene noma njengengxenye yamakhithi e-antidote. Umuthi ngokwawo uyafana kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umkhiqizo, kodwa ukupakisha nokwakheka kwe-ampule kungase kuhluke kancane phakathi kwabakhiqizi.

Lapho udokotela wakho ekunika i-amyl nitrite, bazocacisa ukuthi yimuphi umkhiqizo noma inguqulo ejwayelekile okufanele uyisebenzise. Namathela kumkhiqizo ofanayo uma kungenzeka, njengoba abakhiqizi abahlukene bangase babe nokugxila okuhlukile kancane noma ukwakheka kwe-ampule okungase kuthinte ukuthi usebenzisa kanjani umuthi.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Amyl Nitrite

Imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha izimo ezifanayo ne-amyl nitrite, ngokuvamile ngamaphrofayili okuphepha angcono nokuphathwa okulula. Ukuze kulashwe i-angina, amaphilisi e-nitroglycerin noma isifutho kuvame ukunqunywa ngoba kulula ukukusebenzisa futhi kunemiphumela eqagelekayo.

I-Nitroglycerin isebenza ngendlela efana ne-amyl nitrite kodwa iza ngezindlela ezilula ukuzilawula futhi zilinganiswe ngokunembile. Amathebhulethi e-Sublingual (ngaphansi kolimi) e-nitroglycerin ancibilika ngokushesha futhi anikeze ukukhululeka ngemizuzu engu-1-3, kuyilapho i-nitroglycerin spray ingasetshenziswa lapho amathebhulethi engasebenzi.

Ukuze kulawulwe i-angina yesikhathi eside, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi enye efana ne-beta-blockers, i-calcium channel blockers, noma ama-nitrate asebenza isikhathi eside. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-amyl nitrite kodwa ingavimbela ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina ukuthi kungenzeki ekuqaleni.

Ezimweni zobuthi be-cyanide, ama-antidotes amasha afana ne-hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit) avame ukukhethwa ngaphezu kwe-amyl nitrite ngoba asebenza kahle futhi anezinkinga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, i-amyl nitrite ingase isasetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingatholakali ngokushesha.

Ingabe i-Amyl Nitrite Ingcono Kune-Nitroglycerin?

I-Amyl nitrite ne-nitroglycerin yomibili imithi esebenzayo yokwelapha i-angina, kodwa i-nitroglycerin ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengenketho engcono kubantu abaningi. I-Nitroglycerin kulula ukuyisebenzisa, inemiphumela engapheli, futhi iza ngezindlela ezivumela ukulinganisa okunembile.

I-Amyl nitrite isebenza ngokushesha kune-nitroglycerin, ngokuvamile ngemizuzwana engama-30 uma kuqhathaniswa nemizuzu engu-1-3 yamathebhulethi e-nitroglycerin. Kodwa-ke, le nzuzo yesivinini ivame ukunqotshwa ubunzima obusebenzayo bokusebenzisa ama-ampoules engilazi kanye nemiphumela eqinile engabangela i-amyl nitrite.

I-Nitroglycerin nayo ilula ukuyithwala nokuyisebenzisa. Amathebhulethi mancane futhi azinzile, kuyilapho i-nitroglycerin spray ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokwephula ama-ampoules engilazi. Lokhu kwenza i-nitroglycerin ibe yindlela ekahle kubantu abadinga ukwelapha ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina emphakathini noma ngesikhathi sokuhamba.

Udktela wakho uzokhetha phakathi kwale mithi ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esiqondile, ezinye izimo zempilo, nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emthini. Abanye abantu abangasabeli kahle ku-nitroglycerin bangazuza ku-amyl nitrite, kanti abanye bangathola i-nitroglycerin isebenza kangcono futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Amyl Nitrite

Ingabe i-Amyl Nitrite iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Amyl nitrite ingaphepha kubantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukugadwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha. Lo muthi usetshenziselwa ngokuqondile ukwelapha i-angina, okuyisibonakaliso sesifo semithambo yenhliziyo, kodwa kungaba yingozi kubantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezingezinye.

Uma unezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwakamuva, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu, i-amyl nitrite kungenzeka ingakulungele. Lo muthi ungathinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi ngezindlela ezingenza lezi zimo zibe zimbi nakakhulu. Udktela wakho wenhliziyo uzodinga ukuhlola isimo sakho esiqondile ngaphambi kokuyinikeza.

Abantu abane-angina ezinzile abangasabelanga kahle kweminye imithi bangazuza ku-amyl nitrite ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Nokho, udktela wakho cishe uzozama eminye imithi kuqala ngoba ngokuvamile iphephile futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Ngingenzani uma ngingena ngengozi ngisebenzisa i-Amyl Nitrite eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uhogela i-amyl nitrite eningi kakhulu, hlala phansi noma ulale phansi ngokushesha futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukweqisa kungabangela umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu, okungase kukwenze uzizwe ubuthakathaka, unesiyezi, noma kukubangele ukuthi ulahlekelwe ukwazi.

Shayela izinsiza eziphuthumayo uma uba nesiyezi esikhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma uma uquleka ngemva kokusebenzisa umuthi. Ungazami ukuzishayela wena esibhedlela, njengoba ungase ulahlekelwe ukwazi ngenkathi ushayela.

Ngesikhathi ulindele usizo lwezokwelapha, hlala ulele ngezinyawo zakho ziphakeme uma kungenzeka. Lesi sikhundla sisiza ukuthi igazi libuyele enhliziyweni yakho nakubuchopho bakho. Ungathathi eminye imithi ngaphandle kokuthi uqondiswe ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha eziphuthumayo.

Ukuvimbela ukweqisa ngengozi, ungalokothi usebenzise ngaphezu kwe-ampule elilodwa ngesikhathi, futhi linda okungenani imizuzu emi-5 ngaphambi kokusebenzisa omunye umthamo uma owokuqala unganikezi ukukhululeka. Uma udinga imithamo evame ukusetshenziswa, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngeqe Umthamo We-Amyl Nitrite?

I-Amyl nitrite ivame ukusetshenziswa kuphela uma idingeka ngezimpawu eziphuthumayo kunokuba ngeshejuli ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke "ukuqaqa umthamo" akuyona into ejwayelekile. Ungayisebenzisa uma uba nobuhlungu besifuba noma ezinye izimpawu udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi uzelaphe ngalo muthi.

Uma udokotela wakho ekunikeze i-amyl nitrite ngesimo esithile njengokwelashwa kokubulawa yisiyane, ukuqaqa umthamo kungaba yingozi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi wazise abahlinzeki bezempilo ngomthamo oqashiwe.

Ungalokothi usebenzise i-amyl nitrite eyengeziwe ukuze "ukwazi" umthamo oqashiwe, ngoba lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi eyingozi. Uma ungaqiniseki ngokuthi ungawusebenzisa nini noma kanjani umuthi wakho, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuze uthole ukucaciselwa.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Amyl Nitrite?

Ngokuvamile ungaqeda ukusebenzisa i-amyl nitrite lapho udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi isimo sakho esingaphansi siye ngcono noma lapho ushintshwe ngempumelelo kweminye imithi. Njengoba isetshenziswa njengoba idingeka kunokuba nsuku zonke, ukuyeka ngokuvamile kusho ukungagcini ama-ampules atholakala ukuze asetshenziswe eziphuthumayo.

Uma ungadinganga ukusebenzisa i-amyl nitrite izinyanga eziningana futhi i-angina yakho ilawulwa kahle ngeminye imithi, udokotela wakho angase akutshele ukuthi awusadingeki ukuyithwala. Kodwa-ke, ungasenzi lesi sinqumo wedwa, njengoba udokotela wakho edinga ukuhlola isimo senhliziyo yakho samanje.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukugcina i-amyl nitrite itholakala isikhathi eside njengomuthi wokusekela, ngisho noma beyisebenzisa kaningi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma unesifo esibi semithambo yenhliziyo noma uma eminye imithi ingasebenzi kahle kuwe.

Njalo xoxa nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka noma imuphi umuthi wenhliziyo, ngisho nalowo owusebenzisa kaningi. Bangase bafune ukwenza izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isimo senhliziyo yakho sizinzile ngaphambi kokususa le ndlela yokwelapha.

Ngingayisebenzisa yini i-Amyl Nitrite neminye imithi yenhliziyo?

I-Amyl nitrite ingasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngakho konke okuthathayo, okuhlanganisa imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo. Ezinye izinhlanganisela zingaba yingozi futhi zingase zibangele ukwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi.

Ukusebenzisana okuyingozi kakhulu kunemithi yokungasebenzi kahle kwamadoda efana ne-sildenafil, tadalafil, noma vardenafil. Le nhlanganisela ingabangela ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi okusongela impilo futhi akufanele isetshenziswe ndawonye.

Eminye imithi yenhliziyo efana nama-beta-blockers, ama-calcium channel blockers, noma ama-ACE inhibitors ingase iphephe ukuyisebenzisa nge-amyl nitrite, kodwa udokotela wakho udinga ukukuqapha ngokucophelela. Le mithi ingathuthukisa imiphumela yokwehlisa ingcindezi yegazi ye-amyl nitrite.

Njalo thwala uhlu lwemithi yakho futhi ulukhombise kunoma yimuphi umhlinzeki wezempilo okwelaphayo. Uma udinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo nge-amyl nitrite, abasebenzi bezokwelapha badinga ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana okuyingozi.