Yini i-Apomorphine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Apomorphine iyimithi ekhethekile esiza abantu abanesifo i-Parkinson esithuthukile ukuba balawule izinkinga zokunyakaza ezingazelelwe. Isebenza ngokushesha lapho imithi yakho ejwayelekile ye-Parkinson ingalawuli kahle izimpawu zakho.

Lo muthi unikezwa njengomjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, ngendlela efana naleyo abantu abanesifo sikashukela abasebenzisa ngayo i-insulin. Udokotela wakho uzokunika i-apomorphine kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingakunikezanga ukukhululeka okwanele emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke.

Yini i-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine iyimithi ye-dopamine agonist elingisa isenzo se-dopamine ebuchosheni bakho. I-Dopamine iyikhemikhali yemvelo esiza ukulawula ukunyakaza nokuxhumana.

Uma unesifo i-Parkinson, ubuchopho bakho abukhiqizi i-dopamine eyanele. I-Apomorphine ingena ukuvala leli gebe ngokwenza kusebenze ama-receptor obuchopho afanayo ne-dopamine ngokuvamile. Lokhu kusiza ukubuyisela amaphethini okunyakaza avamile lapho izimpawu zakho ziba nzima ukuzilawula.

Umuthi uza njengesisombululo esicacile esiwuketshezi olujovwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho usebenzisa idivayisi yepeni ekhethekile. Yenzelwe abantu abahlangabezana neziqephu ze- "off" - izikhathi lapho imithi yabo ejwayelekile ye-Parkinson ingasebenzi kahle.

Isetshenziselwani i-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine iphatha isifo i-Parkinson esithuthukile, ikakhulukazi isiza ngeziqephu ezingazelelwe zobunzima bokunyakaza. Udokotela wakho angase akuncomela uma uhlangabezana nezikhathi ezingalindelekile ze- "off" phakathi nosuku.

Lezi ziqephu eziyinselele zingenzeka lapho imithi yakho ejwayelekile iphela noma ingamuncwa kahle. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ungezwa uqina, ungenakwazi ukunyakaza kahle, noma uhlangabezane nokubuya kokuthuthumela nokuqina. I-Apomorphine ingasiza ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwakho phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20.

Abanye abantu basebenzisa i-apomorphine ngenxa yesifo esibi semilenze engaphumuli engaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa akuvamile futhi kudinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela ngongoti wezifo zokunyakaza.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine isebenza ngokuvuselela ngokuqondile izamukeli ze-dopamine ebuchosheni bakho, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezilawula ukunyakaza. Ithathwa njengomuthi onamandla ngoba isebenza ngokushesha futhi ngamandla kulawa ma-receptor.

Cabanga ngayo njengomuthi wokusiza ngokushesha ohlelweni lokulawula ukunyakaza kobuchopho bakho. Uma imithi yakho evamile ye-dopamine inganikezi ukumboza okwanele, i-apomorphine ingena ukuvala igebe. Idlula ngokuphelele uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla, yingakho isebenza ngokushesha kakhulu kunezibhebhe.

Umuthi uvamise ukuqala ukusebenza phakathi nemizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20 yokujova. Imiphumela yawo ivame ukuhlala cishe ihora elingu-1 kuya kwelingu-2, ikunikeza iwindi lokunyakaza okuthuthukisiwe ngenkathi imithi yakho ejwayelekile ithola ukusebenza kwayo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Apomorphine?

Uzojova i-apomorphine ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho usebenzisa idivayisi yepeni eligcwaliswe ngaphambilini, efana nepeni le-insulin. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokufundisa inqubo efanele yokujova futhi likusize ukuthi uzijwayeze uze uzizwe ukhululekile.

Ukujova kungena ethisshu elinamanzi ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, ngokuvamile endaweni yesisu sakho, ithanga, noma ingalo engenhla. Kufanele ujikeleze izindawo zokujova ukuvimbela ukucasuka kwesikhumba. Hlanza indawo yokujova nge-alcohol swab ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngakunye.

Abantu abaningi abadingi ukuthatha i-apomorphine nokudla ngoba ayidluli ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukugwema ukudla okukhulu ngaphambi kokujova ukuvimbela isicanucanu. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuthatha umuthi wokulwa nesicanucanu cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kwemithamo yabo yokuqala kusiza ukunciphisa isisu esicasulayo.

Udktela wakho uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi bese ewunyusa kancane kancane ngokuya ngokuthi usabela kanjani. Ungalokothi ulungise umthamo wakho ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sezokwelapha, njengoba lo muthi udinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Apomorphine?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-apomorphine buhluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu futhi kuncike ekutheni isifo sakho i-Parkinson siqhubeka kanjani. Abanye abantu bayayisebenzisa izinyanga, kanti abanye bangase bayidinge iminyaka.

Udktela wakho uzobuyekeza njalo ukuthi i-apomorphine isasiza yini izimpawu zakho kanye nekhwalithi yempilo yakho. Bazophinda baqaphele noma yimaphi imiphumela engemihle engase ivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umgomo uwukusebenzisa umthamo ophansi osebenzayo isikhathi esifushane esidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwakho.

Ngeke udinge i-apomorphine nsuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bayayisebenzisa kuphela uma behlangabezana neziqephu ze- "off" noma belindele imisebenzi eyinselele. Uchwepheshe wakho wezifo zokunyakaza uzokusiza ukuthi uthuthukise uhlelo olwenzelwe wena olungena ohlelweni lwakho lwansuku zonke kanye namaphethini ezimpawu.

Yini Imiphumela Engemihle Ye-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine ingabangela imiphumela eminingi engemihle, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke futhi uqiniseke ngemithi yakho.

Imiphumela engemihle evame kakhulu ongase uyibone ihlanganisa:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukwelashwa
• Ukozela noma ukulala kungazelelwe
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala lapho usukuma
• Ukuphendula kwendawo yokujova njengobubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma amaqhubu amancane
• Ukucabanga noma ukubona izinto ezingekho
• Ukudideka noma izinguquko ekucabangeni

Le miphumela ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi. Udktela wakho angasiza ekuphatheni isicanucanu ngemithi eyengeziwe uma kudingeka.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nemiphumela engemihle engathi sína kodwa engavamile edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba ngobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ushintsho olukhulu ekuziphatheni noma izinkinga zokulawula ukuziphatha
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo njengokuphefumula kanzima noma ukuvuvukala emilenzeni
• Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba ezindaweni zokujova

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezinzima. Abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukumelana ne-apomorphine kahle uma isetshenziswa njengoba kunqunywe futhi iqashwe ngendlela efanele.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Izimo ezithile nemithi kungenza i-apomorphine ingaphephile noma ingasebenzi kahle.

Akufanele usebenzise i-apomorphine uma une:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima noma isigqi senhliziyo esingazinzile
• Isifo esinzima sezinso noma sesibindi
• Umlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu ne-apomorphine
• Izinhlobo ezithile zemithi yokuhlanza (ondansetron, granisetron)
• Izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula noma i-sleep apnea

Udokotela wakho uzophinda asebenzise ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma usumdala, unezinkinga zenhliziyo ezincane, noma uthatha imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Lezi zimo azivimbeli ngokuzenzakalelayo ukusetshenziswa kwe-apomorphine, kodwa zidinga ukuqashwa okuseduze.

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngamabele kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Ngenkathi i-apomorphine ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi, lesi sinqumo sidinga ingxoxo eqinile nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo We-Apomorphine

I-Apomorphine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Apokyn iyona engajwayelekile ukunqunywa e-United States. Lo mkhiqizo uza njengepeni lokujova eligcwaliswe ngaphambili elenza ukuphatha kube lula futhi kube nembe kakhulu.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo afaka i-Uprima (nakuba lokhu kusetshenziselwa izimo ezihlukene) kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-generic. Ikhemisi lakho ngokuvamile lizohlinzeka ngomkhiqizo othile odokotela bakho abawubhala, nakuba izinhlobo ze-generic zingase zitholakale.

Indlela yokulethwa kanye nokugxila kungahluka phakathi kwemikhiqizo, ngakho kubalulekile ukunamathela kumkhiqizo ofanayo ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekushintsha ngqo. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zingase zidinge imithamo ehlukene noma izindlela zokujova.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-Apomorphine

Kukhona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zokulawula izimpawu ezithuthukile zesifo sikaParkinson, nakuba ngasinye sinenzuzo kanye nokucatshangelwa okuhlukile. Udokotela wakho uzosiza ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi inketho engasebenza kangcono esimweni sakho esithile.

Eminye imithi yokusiza ngesikhathi sezigaba ze-“off” ihlanganisa:

• I-Levodopa inhalation powder (Inbrija) - iphefumulelwa ngamaphaphu
• I-Sublingual apomorphine strips - incibilika ngaphansi kolimi lwakho
• Ukulungisa isikhathi kanye nemithamo yemithi ejwayelekile yesifo sikaParkinson
• Ukwengeza imithi efana ne-entacapone noma i-rasagiline ukuze kunwetshwe imiphumela yemithi

Kubantu abanezikhathi eziningi ze-“off”, udokotela wakho angase acabangele ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe njengokuhlinzwa kokukhuthaza ubuchopho obujulile noma amaphampu emithi eqhubekayo. Lezi zinketho zidinga ukuhlolwa okuningi kodwa zingahlinzeka ngokuqhubeka kokulawulwa kwezimpawu.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izinguquko zokuphila njengokuzivocavoca njalo, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, noma ukulungiswa kokudla kusiza ukunciphisa imvamisa yezigaba ze-“off”. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kangcono uma zihlanganiswe nokwelashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Ingabe i-Apomorphine ingcono kune-Levodopa?

I-Apomorphine ne-levodopa zisebenzela izinjongo ezihlukene ekwelashweni kwe-Parkinson, ngakho ukuqhathanisa ngokuqondile akuyona impendulo efanele. I-Levodopa ngokuvamile iyona mithi yakho eyinhloko, yansuku zonke, kuyilapho i-apomorphine isebenza njengokwelashwa kokusiza izimpawu eziphumelelayo.

I-Levodopa isebenza kahle ekuphathweni kwezimpawu zansuku zonke futhi ngokuvamile iyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha isifo sikaParkinson. Ithathwa ngomlomo futhi inikeza ukulawulwa okuzinzile kwezimpawu usuku lonke. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isifo sikaParkinson siqhubeka, i-levodopa ingase ingabi nakwazi ukubikezela futhi ingase ingasebenzi njalo.

I-Apomorphine ikhanya lapho i-levodopa inganikezi ukumbozwa okwanele. Isebenza ngokushesha kakhulu kune-levodopa yomlomo ngoba idlula ngokuphelele uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Lokhu kuyenza ilungele izigameko ezingazelelwe "ezingasebenzi" lapho udinga usizo olusheshayo.

Abantu abaningi basebenzisa yomibili imithi ndawonye kunokukhetha eyodwa ngaphezu kwenye. I-levodopa yakho ejwayelekile inikeza ukulawulwa okuyisisekelo, kuyilapho i-apomorphine isebenza njengokusekela ngezikhathi ezinzima. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa ivame ukunikeza ukuphathwa okungcono kwezimpawu sekukonke kunanoma iyiphi imithi yodwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Apomorphine

Ingabe i-Apomorphine iphephile kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo?

I-Apomorphine ingasetshenziswa ngokucophelela kubantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezithambile, kodwa idinga ukuqapha nokuhlolwa okucophelelayo. Umuthi ungase uthinte izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi, ngakho udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola impilo yakho yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngaphambi kokuyinika.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi kakhulu futhi akuqaphe eduze ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuqala. Bangase futhi bancomise izivivinyo zokuqapha inhliziyo noma ukubonisana nodokotela wenhliziyo. Abantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungazinzile ngokuvamile abakwazi ukusebenzisa i-apomorphine ngokuphepha.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ngisebenzisa i-Apomorphine eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi ujova i-apomorphine eningi kakhulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ukweqisa kungabangela isicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, ukozela okukhulu, ukudideka, nokwehla okuyingozi komfutho wegazi.

Ungazami ukuzelapha ngokweqile. Funani usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile ekuqaleni. Letha ipeni lakho lemithi nawe ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi uthatheni ini nokuthi uthathe kangakanani. Kubalulekile ukuthi kube nomuntu ozohlala nawe kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha, njengoba izimpawu zokweqisa zingashuba ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Apomorphine?

I-Apomorphine isetshenziswa "njengoba kudingeka" ukuze kulawulwe izimpawu, ngakho ukuphuthelwa umthamo ohleliwe ngokuvamile akuyona into ekhathazayo. Uyi-jova kuphela uma uhlangabezana neziqephu "ezingahlelekile" noma ulindele imisebenzi eyinselele.

Uma unezinkinga zokunyakaza futhi uqaphela ukuthi ungasebenzisa i-apomorphine ngaphambili, usengayithatha uma ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, ungaqedi imithamo noma uthathe imijovo eyengeziwe ukuze ubuyisele amathuba aphuthelwe. Hlukanisa imijovo yakho ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho, ngokuvamile okungenani amahora ama-2.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Apomorphine?

Ungayeka ukuthatha i-apomorphine lapho wena nodokotela wakho ninquma ukuthi ayisasisizi izimpawu zakho noma uma imiphumela emibi iba yinkinga. Ngokungafani neminye imithi ye-Parkinson, i-apomorphine ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu zokuhoxisa uma iyekwa kungazelelwe.

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuyeka uma iziqephu zakho "ezingahlelekile" ziba mancane, uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisebenza kangcono, noma uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ekhathazayo. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi badinga i-apomorphine kaningi njengoba ukwelashwa kwabo kwe-Parkinson sekulungisiwe. Hlala uxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinguquko ohlelweni lwakho lwemithi nethimba lakho lezempilo ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko.

Ngingahamba nge-Apomorphine?

Yebo, ungahamba nge-apomorphine, kodwa idinga ukuhlela nokulungiselela okuthile. Umuthi udinga ukugcinwa ezingeni lokushisa elifanele futhi uzodinga ukuwuthwala emthwalweni wakho wokuqhubeka uma undiza.

Thola incwadi evela kudokotela wakho echaza isidingo sakho somuthi kanye nezinto zokujova. Gcina i-apomorphine emaphaketheni ayo okuqala ngamalebula ekhemisi abonakala kahle. Pakisha imithi eyengeziwe uma kwenzeka ukubambezeleka kohambo, futhi cabangela ukuthwala iphakethe elincane le-cooler uma uzohamba isikhathi eside. Cwaninga ngezikhungo zezokwelapha lapho uya khona uma udinga usizo ngenkathi ungekho ekhaya.