Izimpawu eziningi ezingezinhle ze-benzonatate zimnene: isicanucanu, ukuqibika, ukozela, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, kanye nomphimbo ovimbelekile. Izingozi ezimbili azimnene, futhi zombili zithwala izixwayiso ze-FDA ezihlanganisiwe. Ukuluma noma ukuncela ikhaphusuli kungadambisa umgudu wokuphefumula futhi kubangele ukudilika. Ingane egwinye eyodwa ingafa kungakapheli ihora.

NGAMAFUHANE: Okubalulekile okumele ukukhumbule

  • Linda izimpawu ezimnene kakhulu: isicanucanu, ukuqibika, ukozela, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, umphimbo ovimbelekile.
  • Ungalokothi ulume, umunce, uhlukanise, noma uvule ikhaphusuli. Ngigwinye iyonke nawo amanzi.
  • Ikhaphusuli eyodwa noma ezimbili zingabulala ingane encane, futhi kuye kwabikwa ukufa kungakapheli ihora ngemuva kokugwinwa.
  • Ukozela nokuzizwa ukhungatheka akuvamile kodwa kuyimpoqiso, ngakho ungashayeli kuze kube yilapho wazi impendulo yakho.
  • Ukuqina komphimbo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukudambisa isifuba, ukudideka, noma ukugwinwa yingane kunoma yikuphi kusho ukushayela u-911 noma ucinge i-Poison Control ku-1-800-222-1222.

Izimpawu eziningi ezingezinhle ze-benzonatate zimnene, kodwa lezo eziyingozi zivela endleleni ozithatha ngayo

Izimpawu ezingezinhle ze-benzonatate ngokuvamile zimnene futhi azihlali isikhathi eside. I-MedlinePlus ihluza isicanucanu, ukuqibika, ukozela, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, umphimbo ovimbelekile, umuzwa abandayo, kanye nomuzwa wokushisa emehlweni njengezivame kakhulu. Izimpendulo ezimbi azivamile kodwa zidinga isikhathi esiphuthumayo: i-rash noma ama-hives, ukulunywa, ukuqina komphimbo, ubunzima bokuphefumula noma bokugwinya, ukudambisa isifuba, ukudideka, noma izinkohliso zonke zifanele ukushayela udokotela ngokushesha.

Lokho kuhlukaniswa kubaluleke kakhulu lapha kunokwelokwezinkulumo eziningi. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ziyizinkinga ongazidlula ngokuvamile. Lezo ezimbi cishe zihlale zivela kokunye kwezinto ezimbili: ikhaphusuli elilumiwe noma elibanjwe emlonyeni, noma amakhaphusuli amaningi kakhulu agwinywe umuntu ongabafanele. Ngamanye amazwi, izixwayiso ze-benzonatate ezibalulekile azibhekisi kakhulu kulokho idrug eyikwenzayo egazini lakho kodwa kakhulu endleleni isikhulu esiphathwa ngayo.

I-Benzonatate idinga incwadi kadokotela e-United States futhi ivunyelwe kuphela kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10. Ayikho inguqulo etholakala ezitolo ezinkulu, futhi ayikho idosi yayo enesakhiwo esifanele ingane encane.

I-Benzonatate iyidrug yokudambisa ngesimo sekhaphusuli, hhayi ilamula elokukhohlokhohlela

Izimpawu ezingezinhle ze-Tessalon Perles nezesibhakabhaka ze-benzonatate ziyafana, ngoba i-Perles igama lomkhiqizo nje wama-molecule afanayo. Uma usuyazi ukuthi yiliphi lelo molecule, zonke izixwayiso ezilandelayo ekhasini zizoyeka ukuzwakala njengomthetho ongabazisayo. I-Benzonatate ihlobene ngokwemishanguzo ne-ester-type local anesthetics njenge-tetracaine. Iyandambisa.

Ngokukhethekile, idambisa izinduku zokwelula emgudwini wokuphefumula namaphaphu ezikhipha isignali yokhohlokhohlela. Ayikwenzi nto esikhungweni sokhohlokhohlela ngendlela i-codeine-type cough medicines eyenza ngayo, yingakho ingabhalisiwe njenge-narcotic futhi kungani ingadambisi abantu abaningi. Ukuphila kungukuthi umphumela wokudambisa uya lapho idrug ikhishwa khona. Leyo ngqikithi yekhasi lonke: imikhawulo yokuphepha ye-benzonatate incike esikhungweni sihlale sivalekile kuze kube yilapho sesidlulile emlonyeni wakho nomphimbo wakho.

I-ilebuli evunyelwe yi-FDA ivumela ikhaphusuli eyodwa eyi-100 mg noma eyi-200 mg kathathu ngosuku njengoba kudingeka, kuze kufike ku-600 mg ngosuku.

Ungalokothi ulume ikhaphusuli ye-benzonatate: i-FDA yanikeza lokho isexwayiso sayo esihlanganisiwe

Ungalokothi ulume i-benzonatate, ngoba i-FDA yikholelwa ukuthi lokhu kubalulekile ngokwanele ukukufaka esexwayisweni esihlanganisiwe. ilebuli ixwayisa ukuthi izimpendulo ezimbi kakhulu zokwahlukana, kufaka phakathi i-bronchospasm, i-laryngospasm, kanye ne-cardiovascular collapse, ziye zenzeka lapho ikhaphusuli lilumiwe, limunyiwe, noma licibilike emlonyeni.

Nansi into amakhasi amaningi angayitsheli wena: indlela ayiyona eyokwesaba. Ikhishwe emlonyeni, uketshezi ngaphakathi kudambisa i-oropharynx kungakapheli imizuzwana. Umphimbo owandambayo ungakwazi ukudambisa ukugwinya kanye ne-gag reflex, okwenza ukuthi isiphuzo samanzi esivamile sibe yingozi yokudlala futhi singaqala i-airway spasm kumuntu owayezama nje ukuyeka ukhohlokhohlela.

Ungalokothi ulume i-benzonatate, futhi ungayichobozi, uvule, uhlukanise, noma uvumele ikhaphusuli ihlale emlonyeni wakho. Ngigwinye iyonke nawo amanzi.

Uma uluma ngengozi, yikhiphe, uhlanze umlomo wakho, futhi ungadli noma uphuze lutho kuze kube yilapho ukudambisa kudlula ngokuphelele. Bese ushayela umbhali wakho. Ukuqina komphimbo, ukukhwehlela, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula kunoma yikuphi kusho ukushayela u-911, hhayi ukulinda nokubona. Uma ukugwinya amakhaphusuli iyonke kunzima ngempela kuwe, yisho lokho ngaphambi kokugcwalisa incwadi kadokotela bese ucela enye imithi yokhohlokhohlela. Ukushintsha ikhaphusuli akulona inketho.

Ikhaphusuli eyodwa noma ezimbili zingabulala ingane encane, ngakho gcina i-benzonatate njenge-poison

Ukudakwa okukhulu kwe-benzonatate kuhamba ngokushesha kunokuba abantu abaningi bakulindele. Isixwayiso sesibili esihlanganisiwe ku-ilebuli ye-FDA irekhoda ukufa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10, nezimpawu nezigulo zivela kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15 kuye kwengama-20 futhi ukufa kubikwa kungakapheli ihora ngemuva kokugwinwa.

Imikhawulo mincane. Ukubuyekezwa kokuphepha kwe-FDA yango-2010 kwathola ukudakwa okukhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 okubikwe ngemuva kwamakakhaphusuli ayi-1 noma ayi-2 kuphela, nge-cardiac arrest, i-coma, kanye ne-convulsions phakathi kwezehlakalo ezivamile. Izingane ezindala azikhululwa. I-Poison Control iye yaqopha umuntu omusha owathatha amakhaphusuli angaba yi-10 futhi waba ne-cardiac arrest ngemuva kwehora eyodwa kuya kwamabili.

Lokhu akubanga njengoba omama bacabanga. Ucwaningo lwango-2022 olwashicilelwa ku-Pediatrics lwabala ukubonisana okungama-4,689 kwezingane nge-benzonatate okubikwe ezikhungweni ezixwayisa nge-poison e-US phakathi kuka-2010 no-2018, kukhula ngo-3% kuya ku-24% minyaka yonke. Amaphesenti angama-63 abandakanya izingane ezineminyaka eyi-0 kuye kwengu-5, ikakhulukazi ezingahlosiwe. Amaphesenti angama-30 abandakanya izingane ezineminyaka eyi-10 kuye kwengu-16, zikwenze ngenhloso. Izingane ezintathu ezineminyaka eyi-9 yezinyanga kuye kweyemi-4 zafa.

Isinyathelo sokuvimbela asicacile kodwa siyasebenza. I-MedlinePlus iyabhala ukuthi izingane zidonswa ukuma nokubukeka kwamakhaphusuli athambile, agcwele uketshezi, futhi iyala ukuthi zigcinwe esitsheni esivinjelwe ezinganeni, zifihliwe futhi zingafinyeleleki. Zivaliwe, hhayi nje ziphakanyiswe.

Ngemuva kokusolwa kokugwinwa yingane, noma ngabe yikuphi ukuthatha idosi eyengeziwe yinoma ubani, shayela i-Poison Control ku-1-800-222-1222 noma u-911 ngokushesha. Ungalindeli ukuba izimpawu zivele.

Yebo, i-benzonatate ingakwenza ukozele, ngakho-ke yanquma ngokuphathelene nokushayela ngaphambi kwedosi yakho yokuqala

Ingabe i-benzonatate ikwenza ukozele? Yebo, iyenzeka. Ukozela kuyisiphumo esibhalisiwe, yize kungavamile kunokuthi kube njalo, futhi le drug ayenzelwe ukudambisa ngendlela i-opioid cough syrups eyenza ngayo. Isiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nokubona okubabayo noma okufiphele nakho kukhona ohlwini, futhi lezo zibalulekile ekushayeleni njengoba nje nokozela.

Inkinga: akekho ongakutshela kusengaphambili ukuthi yiluphi uhlangothi olubuyayo. Izinga elibikiwe liphansi, kodwa "akuvamile" akusho "ngeze," futhi ukuphela kwendlela yokufunda impendulo yakho ukuthatha idosi.

Ngakho-ke hlela ngokuhambisana nayo. Uma ubuza ukuthi i-benzonatate ikwenza ukozele ngoba uhamba ngemoto, ushayela umsebenzi, noma ubheke izingane ezincane, thatha idosi yokuqala kusihlwa lapho kungaboniswa lutho kulokho, futhi ubone ukuthi uzizwa kanjani emahoreni ambalwa alandelayo. Phinda lelo xwayiso ngemuva kwanoma yikuphi ukunyuka kwedosi noma ukushintsha phakathi kwabakhiqizi. Futhi yazi ukuthi ukudambisa kuyanda lapho i-benzonatate ihlangana notshwala noma enye imithi edambisayo.

Uhlu lwezixuku ze-Benzonatate lufushane, kodwa ukuhlangana kwe-sedative kuyimpoqiso

Izixuku zemithi ze-Benzonatate zimbalwa kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo ye-opioid noma ye-antihistamine ye-cough, okuyikho kanye abantu abangakuqondi ukuthi lezo ezikhona. Izixuku ezihloniphekile ziwubuhlobo obubodwa: i-central nervous system depressants. Utshwala, ii-opioid, ii-benzodiazepines, ii-antihistamine ezidambisayo, kanye nezisiza ukulala konke kukhuphisa ukudambisa nokuzizwa ukhungatheka i-benzonatate engakubangela yodwa.

Ilebuli ingeza isexwayiso abantu abaningi abangakaze besizwe. i-FDA-approved labeling ichaza izimo ezingavamile zokuziphatha okungajwayelekile, kufaka phakathi ukudideka ngokwengqondo kanye nezinkohliso ezibukwayo, ikakhulukazi lapho i-benzonatate ihlangana nezinye izidakamizwa. Uma ilungu lomndeni liqala ukuziphatha ngendlela eyinqaba ngemuva kwedosi entsha, lokho kuyisizathu sokushayela, hhayi ukuchaza njengesifo.

Tshela umbhali wakho uma une-allergy eyaziwayo kuma-local anesthetics njenge-tetracaine, i-procaine, noma i-benzocaine. Dwebela yonke imikhiqizo yokhohlokhohlela namakhaza etholakala ezitolo ezinkulu nanoma iyiphi i-antiviral oyithathayo, ngoba abantu abakhwehlela kakhulu bavame ukuba nemikhiqizo emithathu noma emine esebenzayo ngasikhathi sinye. Uma uphatha i-influenza ngasikhathi sinye, izimpawu ezingezinhle ze-Tamiflu ezifanele ukubhekwa kuyingxoxo ehlukile.

Izixwayiso ze-Benzonatate ezihlukanisa "lindela kudlule" kusuka "shayela u-911"

Izixwayiso ze-Benzonatate ezingenhla zihlukana ngokucacile ezigabeni ezintathu, futhi ukwazi ukuthi yisiphi isigaba osikhohlisiwe kuyingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi.

Shayela u-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo manje uma:

  • Isifuba sakho sidambile noma siqine, noma umphimbo wakho uyaqina noma uzizwa sengathi uyavaleka
  • Unobunzima bokuphefumula noma bokugwinya, noma ukhwehlela
  • Uba ne-rash, ama-hives, noma ukulunywa ngemuva kwedosi
  • Uthola ukudideka, izinkohliso, ukungahlali, noma ukuzamazama okungakwazi ukulawulwa
  • Uba nesizure noma ulahlekelwe ukuqaphela
  • Ingane ingase yagwinye ngisho nekhaphusuli eyodwa, noma noma ubani owathatha ngaphezu kwedosi echazwe. Shayela i-Poison Control ku-1-800-222-1222 noma u-911 ngaphandle kokulinda izimpawu

Bhukha ukuvakashela phakathi nesonto elilandelayo uma:

  • Ukhwehlela wakho uhlale isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto elilodwa, noma ubuyele nomkhuhlane
  • Isicanucanu, ukuqibika, noma isiyezi sihlala sikhona kunokuba sithambe
  • Izimpawu ezingezinhle ziphazamisa umsebenzi, ukulala, noma ukushayela

Leso sigaba esimaphakathi lapho ukuvakashela kwe-telehealth kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo esifanele. ukuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo ku-inthanethi okuwu-$39 kukuxhumanisa nodokotela onelayisense lase-US ongahlola ukhohlokhohlela futhi anqume ukuthi ngabe kunengqondo yini ukunikeza incwadi kadokotela. Udokotela wenza lowo mthetho, hhayi inkundla. Okungenziwa ukuvakashela ku-inthanethi akukwazi ukuphatha isimo esiphuthumayo somgudu wokuphefumula, ukwelana okungalungile, noma ukugwinwa yingane. Lezo zidinga u-911 noma i-Poison Control.

Khuluma nodokotela ngaphambi kokuba uqale uma:

  • Unomlando we-allergy kuma-local anesthetics
  • Uthatha ii-sedatives noma ii-opioids nsuku zonke, noma uphuza utshwala njalo
  • Ukhulelwe noma uncancisa
  • Kukhona izingane ezincane emzini wakho
  • Unobunzima bokugwinya amakhaphusuli iyonke

Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Ingabe i-benzonatate iyatholakala ngaphandle kokuya kadokotela?

Cha. I-Benzonatate idinga incwadi kadokotela e-United States, futhi ayikho inguqulo etholakala ezitolo ezinkulu ezihlukile ngendlela efanayo. Imikhiqizo yokhohlokhohlela eshalofini lezifarmasi yenza izinto ngokuhlukile: i-guaifenesin yenza umfumbulo ube ncinane, i-dextromethorphan yenza esikhungweni sobuchopho, kanti ii-antihistamines zenza izimpawu zibe nomile. Ayikho kulokhu edambisa izinduku zokwelula zomgudu wokuphefumula. Uma ikhasi linikeza i-benzonatate ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kukadokotela, lokho kuyisibonakaliso esiphuzi okufanele sigwenywe.

Ngingathatha i-benzonatate ngesikhathi ngikhulelwe noma ngincancisa?

Ngezinye izikhathi. I-Benzonatate ayizange ifundwe kahle ekuqoteni noma ekunceliseni, ngakho ayikho i-verdict yokuphepha ecacile ngale ndlela noma ngale, futhi isinqumo singesikadokotela wakho wokukhulelwa kunokuba siye mithetho ejwayelekile. Khuluma ngesigaba sokukhulelwa, ukuthi ukhohlokhohlela kunjalo kangakanani ngempela, nokuthi yini osuvele uyizamile. Izikhwehlela eziningi ekukhulelweni ziphathwa ngezindlela ezingezona izidakamizwa kuqala, ngqo ngoba idatha yenhlobo encane.

Ingabe i-benzonatate iyajwayela noma iyinto elawulwa?

Cha. I-Benzonatate akuyona into elawulwa, ayiyona i-opioid, futhi ayidali ukuncikela noma ukuhoxa okuhambisana nemithi yokhohlokhohlela esekwe ku-codeine. Lokho sekushiwo, ukungabi into elawulwa akusho ukuthi ayinakusetshenziswa kabi. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Pediatrics yango-2022 kwathola ukubonisana okuhlosiwe kukhula ezinganeni ezineminyaka eyi-10 kuye kweyemi-16, ngakho imizi eneminyaka eyishumi nambili kufanele iseyigcine ingabonakali futhi ibale lokho esele.

Kuviki isikhathi esingakanani izimpawu ezingezinhle ze-benzonatate ngemuva kwedosi?

Ngokuvamile akuhlali isikhathi eside. Ngoba i-benzonatate iqondiswa kuze kufike kathathu ngosuku, izimpawu zayo zilandelana nedosi eyodwa futhi ngokuvamile ziyadlula emahoreni ambalwa njengoba idrug iyasuswa. Isicanucanu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, noma ukudambisa okudlula usuku lonke, noma okuphindela njalo nge dose, kufanele kubikwe. Izimpawu eziqhubeka ngemuva kokuyeka umuthi ngokuphelele zifanele ukushayela umbhali wakho.

Ngingathatha i-benzonatate nomuthi wokhohlokhohlela ongathengwa ezitolo ezinkulu njenge-Mucinex?

Ngezinye izikhathi. I-Guaifenesin yenza umfumbulo ube ncinane ngenkathi i-benzonatate iyandambisa impendulo yokhohlokhohlela, ngakho lezi zimbili azikho phindaphinda futhi ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ndawonye. Inkinga yimikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe. Amabhokisi amaningi abhalwe nge-cough nawo aqukethe i-antihistamine edambisayo noma i-decongestant, okushintsha isibalo. Funda uhlu oluphelele lwezithako eziyinhloko, buza usokhemisi, futhi ubuyekeze izimpawu ezingezinhle ze-Mucinex ngaphambi kokufaka okwengeziwe.

Isiphetho

Kubantu abaningi, izimpawu ezingezinhle ze-benzonatate zingaba yizinsuku ezimbalwa zesicanucanu esincane, ukuqibika, noma ikhanda elibandayo. Izixwayiso ze-Benzonatate eziguqula ngempela imiphumela ziyizindlela: gwinya ikhaphusuli iyonke, gwema ukushayela kuze kube yilapho wazi impendulo yakho, futhi uvale ibhodlela kude nezingane. Uma uphathwa ngaleyo ndlela, uyimithi ethule. Uma uphathwa ngokunganaki, ayisiyo.

Ukwenqaba: Lesi sihloko senzelwe ulwazi kuphela futhi akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nomhlinzeki wezempilo onekhono ukuze uthole izinqumo zokuxilonga nokwelapha. Uma ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, shayela u-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.