Yini i-Droxidopa: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Droxidopa iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukunyusa umfutho wegazi kubantu abahlangabezana nokwehla okuyingozi lapho bemi. Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, singabangela isiyezi, ukuquleka, nokuwa okuthinta kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Uma ubulokhu ulwa nesiyezi esingazelelwe lapho usukuma noma uzizwa sengathi ungaquleka ngesikhathi semisebenzi elula, i-droxidopa ingase ibe yisisombululo udokotela wakho aluphakamisa. Le mithi isebenza ngokuguqulela ku-norepinephrine emzimbeni wakho, okusiza ukuqinisa imithambo yegazi futhi igcine umfutho wegazi ozinzile lapho ushintsha izikhundla.

Yini i-Droxidopa?

I-Droxidopa iyi-amino acid eyenziwe ngumuntu umzimba wakho oyiguqula ibe yi-norepinephrine, ikhemikhali yemvelo esiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi. Yenzelwe ngqo abantu abohlelo lwabo lwezinzwa olungakwazi ukulawula kahle umfutho wegazi lapho bemi.

Le mithi ingeyeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-norepinephrine precursors, okusho ukuthi inikeza izakhi umzimba wakho ozidingayo ukuze wenze amakhemikhali awo okulawula umfutho wegazi. Cabanga ngayo njengokunikeza umzimba wakho izinto ezingavuthiwe ezidingekayo ukuze kulungiswe uhlelo oluphukile lokulawula umfutho wegazi.

I-FDA yavuma i-droxidopa ngo-2014 ngokuqondile ukwelapha i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension kubantu abadala. Ithathwa njengemithi ekhethekile edinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Yini i-Droxidopa Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Droxidopa iphatha i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, isimo lapho umfutho wakho wegazi wehla ngendlela eyingozi lapho usukuma. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa alukwazi ukulungisa kahle imithambo yakho yegazi nesilinganiso senhliziyo ukuze kugcinwe ukugeleza kwegazi okuzinzile ebuchosheni bakho.

Lesi simo sivame ukuthinta abantu abanezifo ezithile zemizwa. Nazi izimo eziyinhloko lapho i-droxidopa isiza khona:

• Isifo sikaParkinson kanye nezifo ezihlobene
• I-Multiple system atrophy
• Ukwehluleka okumsulwa kwe-autonomic
• Ukushoda kwe-dopamine beta-hydroxylase
• I-Neuropathy ye-autonomic engeyona eyabantu abanesifo sikashukela

Lezi zimo zilimaza ingxenye yezinzwa zakho ezilawula ngokuzenzakalelayo umfutho wegazi, okukushiya ubuthakathaka ekuweni okungazelelwe okungadala ukuquleka noma ukuwa.

Udkt wakho angase futhi acabangele i-droxidopa uma unehluleka lezinso ekuhlanzeni futhi uhlangabezana nokwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile futhi kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Droxidopa?

I-Droxidopa isebenza ngokuba yi-norepinephrine uma ingena emzimbeni wakho. I-Norepinephrine iyikhemikhali yemvelo etshela imithambo yakho yegazi ukuthi iqine futhi inhliziyo yakho iphume ngempumelelo, okusiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi ofanele.

Uma une-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, umzimba wakho awenzi i-norepinephrine eyanele noma awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle. I-Droxidopa idlula le nkinga ngokuhlinzeka ngendlela eqondile yokudala i-norepinephrine oyidingayo.

Umuthi uthathwa njengomuthi oqinile ngokulinganisela futhi ngokuvamile uthatha isikhathi esincane ngemva kokuthi uwuthathile. Ngokungafani neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi esebenza ngokushesha, i-droxidopa idinga isikhathi sokuguquka ibe yifomu elisebenzayo elingasetshenziswa umzimba wakho.

Le nqubo yokuguqulwa yenzeka kancane kancane emzimbeni wakho wonke, okusiza ukuhlinzeka ngokulawula umfutho wegazi okuqhubekayo uma kuqhathaniswa nemithi esebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Droxidopa?

Thatha i-droxidopa ngendlela udkt wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile kathathu ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Umthamo ovamile wokuqala ungama-100mg kathathu ngosuku, kodwa udkt wakho uzolungisa lokhu ngokusekelwe endleleni ozosabela ngayo.

Ungathatha i-droxidopa ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa zama ukuhambisana nokukhetha kwakho. Uma uyithatha ngokudla, namathela kulowo mkhuba, futhi uma uyithatha esiswini esingenalutho, qhubeka wenza kanjalo.

Nansi indlela yokuthatha i-droxidopa ngokuphepha:

1. Thatha umthamo wakho wokuqala ekuseni, lapho uvuka
2. Thatha umthamo wesibili emini
3. Thatha umthamo wesithathu ntambama, okungenani amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokulala
4. Gwinya ikhaphule ngokuphelele ngamanzi
5. Ungachobozi, uhlafune, noma uvule amakhaphule

Gwema ukuthatha umthamo wokugcina eduze kakhulu nesikhathi sokulala ngoba i-droxidopa ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi lakho lapho ulele, okungase kube yingozi ngenkathi ulele.

Uma uthatha i-carbidopa ngenxa yesifo sikaParkinson, qhubeka uyithatha njengoba kunqunyiwe. I-Carbidopa empeleni isiza i-droxidopa ukuthi isebenze kangcono ngokuyivimbela ukuthi iguqule ibe yi-norepinephrine ngaphandle kobuchopho bakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Droxidopa?

Abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha i-droxidopa isikhathi eside ukuze balawule i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension yabo ngempumelelo. Lesi simo ngokuvamile singapheli, okusho ukuthi sidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kunokulungiswa kwesikhashana.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusabela kwakho emasontweni ambalwa okuqala futhi angase alungise umthamo wakho njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuze kube yilapho ufika enanini elifanele. Umthamo omkhulu onconyiwe ungu-600mg kathathu ngosuku, kodwa abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka ngemithamo ephansi.

Hlela ukusebenza ngokubambisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngenyanga yokuqala yokwelashwa. Bazofuna ukuhlola umfutho wegazi lakho kokubili ulele futhi ume ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi imithi iyasebenza kahle ngaphandle kokubangela imiphumela emibi eyingozi.

Abanye abantu babona ngcono ngesonto lokuqala, kanti abanye bangase badinge amasonto ambalwa ukuze bathole izinzuzo eziphelele. Ungadikibali uma ungezwa ngcono ngokushesha.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Droxidopa?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-droxidopa ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile ithambile futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ebikwa kaningi:

• Ukukhathazeka yikhanda
• Isiyezi
• Isicanucanu
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu uma ulele phansi
• Ukukhathala
• Izifo zamathumbu omchamo
• Ukuwa (ngokumangalisayo, njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela ukulawulwa okungcono komfutho wegazi)

Le miphumela emibi ivame ukwenzeka emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa futhi ngokuvamile iba ngaphansi kokuphazamisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukudideka.

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-supine hypertension, lapho umfutho wegazi uba phezulu kakhulu uma elele phansi. Udokotela wakho uzokugada lokhu ngokucophelela futhi angase ancome ukulala nekhanda lakho liphakanyisiwe noma ukulungisa umthamo wakho wakusihlwa.

Ngokungavamile, abanye abantu bahlangabezana nokusabela komzimba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma izinkinga zezinso. Le miphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe i-Droxidopa?

I-Droxidopa ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zikwenza kungafaneleki noma kuyingozi ukuyisebenzisa. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-droxidopa uma unesinye salezi zimo:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongathi sína okunzima ukuwulawula
• I-Closed-angle glaucoma
• I-Pheochromocytoma (ithumba elingavamile elikhiqiza i-adrenaline eyeqile)
• Isifo senhliziyo esibi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwakamuva
• Isifo sezinso esibi
• Ukungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo ne-droxidopa noma izithako zayo

Lezi zimo zingaba yingozi uma i-droxidopa ikhuphula umfutho wegazi lakho kakhulu noma ihlangana nezinkinga zakho zempilo ezikhona.

Udktela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma unesifo sikashukela, izinkinga ezincane zezinso, noma uthatha imithi ethile yokucindezeleka noma isifo sikaParkinson. Lezi zimo akudingeki zikuvimbele ukuthatha i-droxidopa, kodwa zidinga ukuqashwa okuseduze.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo, njengoba kungekho ucwaningo olwanele lokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-droxidopa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Droxidopa

I-Droxidopa itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Northera e-United States. Lolu okwamanje ukuphela komkhiqizo we-droxidopa ovunyelwe yi-FDA otholakala ezigulini.

I-Northera yenziwa yi-Lundbeck futhi iza ngesimo samaphilisi anezinhlobo ezinamandla ezingama-100mg, 200mg, kanye nama-300mg. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olufanele wena ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwakho ekwelashweni.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-droxidopa azikatholakali e-United States, okusho ukuthi i-Northera ingaba yibiza. Kodwa-ke, umenzi unikeza izinhlelo zokusiza iziguli ezingasiza ukunciphisa izindleko uma ufanelekile.

Njalo sebenzisa igama lomkhiqizo elithi Northera noma ubuze usokhemisi wakho ngokuqondile nge-droxidopa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola umuthi olungile, njengoba amagama emithi azwakala efana angadala ukudideka.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha nge-Droxidopa

Uma i-droxidopa ingasebenzi kuwe noma idala imiphumela emibi, izindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezingezinye zingasiza ekuphatheni i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuzama lezi zinketho esikhundleni salokho noma ngokuhlangana ne-droxidopa.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha okufanele zicatshangelwe:

• I-Fludrocortisone (isiza umzimba wakho ukugcina usawoti namanzi)
• I-Midodrine (iqinisa ngokuqondile imithambo yegazi)
• Amashokisi okucindezela (avimbela ngokomzimba igazi ukuthi lingaqongeleli)
• Amaphilisi kasawoti nokwanda kokuthatha uketshezi
• I-Pyridostigmine (isiza amasignali ezinzwa ukuthi asebenze kangcono)

Izindlela ezingezona zemithi zivame ukusebenza kahle kanye noma esikhundleni se-droxidopa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulala nekhanda lakho liphakeme, ukuvuka kancane uma usuka ekuhlaliseni noma ekulaleni, nokudla ukudla okuncane, okuvame ukudliwa.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukwandisa ukudla kwabo usawoti nokuphuza amanzi amaningi kuyasiza ukugcina ivolumu yegazi futhi kuvimbele ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi. Udokotela wakho angakuqondisa ukuthi ungakanani usawoti owengeziwe noketshezi olungase lufanele isimo sakho.

Ngamunye umzamo onemininingwane yawo kanye nemiphumela engaba khona, ngakho sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole indlela esebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile kanye nezinye izimo zempilo.

Ingabe i-Droxidopa Ingcono Kune-Midodrine?

Kokubili i-droxidopa ne-midodrine ziphatha ngempumelelo i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zingase zifaneleke kangcono kubantu abahlukene. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuncike ezimpawini zakho ezithile, ezinye izimo zempilo, nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini ngayinye.

I-Droxidopa ivame ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhubeka okwengeziwe kokulawulwa kwengcindezi yegazi usuku lonke ngoba isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga akho emvelo e-norepinephrine. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni ebushelelezi, engabikezelwa kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nesenzo se-midodrine esisheshayo kodwa esihlala isikhathi esifushane.

I-Midodrine isebenza ngokushesha kune-droxidopa, ngokuvamile ithatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwehora, kuyilapho i-droxidopa ingase ithathe amahora ambalwa ukukhombisa izinzuzo zayo ezigcwele. Uma udinga ukukhululeka okusheshayo ezimpawini, i-midodrine ingase ifaneleke ekuqaleni.

Nokho, i-droxidopa ingase ibangele izigameko ezimbalwa zengcindezi yegazi ephezulu uma ulala uma iqhathaniswa ne-midodrine. Lokhu kuyenza iphephe kakhulu kubantu abadinga ukulala njalo noma abanezimo ezenza i-supine hypertension ibe yingozi.

Udktela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengomsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke, eminye imithi, ukusebenza kwezinso, nokuthi ngokushesha kangakanani udinga ukukhululeka kwezimpawu lapho ekhetha phakathi kwalezi zinketho. Abanye abantu basebenzisa ngisho nemithi yomibili ndawonye ngaphansi kokugadwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Droxidopa

Ingabe i-Droxidopa iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Droxidopa idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela uma unezifo zenhliziyo, njengoba ingathinta uhlelo lwakho lwe-cardiovascular. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola isimo sakho senhliziyo esithile nempilo yonke ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi i-droxidopa ilungele yini wena.

Abantu abanezifo zenhliziyo ezilula, ezinzile bangase bakwazi ukusebenzisa i-droxidopa ngokuphepha ngokuqapha eduze. Kodwa-ke, labo abanezifo zenhliziyo ezinzima, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwakamuva, noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe ngokuvamile akufanele bathathe lo muthi.

Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo nodokotela obeka i-droxidopa kufanele basebenzisane ukuqapha impilo yakho yenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kanye nokuqapha umfutho wegazi kubaluleke nakakhulu uma unezimo zombili.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ngithatha i-Droxidopa eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-droxidopa eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kakhulu kungabangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu oyingozi, ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu, nezinye izinkinga ezinzima.

Ngenkathi ulinde isiqondiso sezokwelapha, lala phansi futhi uqaphele izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela. Qaphela amakhanda abuhlungu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma izinguquko embonweni, ngoba lokhu kungabonisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu oyingozi.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngokuqondile ochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Gcina ibhodlela lomuthi nawe lapho ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bazi kahle ukuthi yini nokuthi ungakanani owathatha.

Ukuvimbela ukweqisa imithamo ngengozi, sebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi, setha izikhumbuzi zocingo, noma cela amalungu omndeni ukuthi akusize ukuthi ulandelele imithamo yakho.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Droxidopa?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-droxidopa, yithathe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungadala imiphumela emibi.

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wasekuseni bese ukhumbula ntambama, qhubeka uyi thathe. Kodwa-ke, uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wasemini futhi sekuseduze isikhathi sokulala, weqe ngokuphelele ukuze ugweme ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ngenkathi ulele.

Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke kubangele ingozi enkulu, kodwa zama ukugcina isimiso esiqhubekayo sokulawula izimpawu ezingcono kakhulu. Ukulawulwa komfutho wakho wegazi kuncike emazingeni aqhubekayo omuthi ohlelweni lwakho.

Setha ama-alamu ocingo noma usebenzise uhlelo lokukhumbuza imithi ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule imithamo yakho. Ukuqhubeka kubalulekile ekuphatheni i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension yakho ngempumelelo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Droxidopa?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-droxidopa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho, njengoba i-neurogenic orthostatic hypotension ngokuvamile iyisimo esingapheli esidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibuye ngokushesha futhi kungaholela ekwehleni okuyingozi komfutho wegazi.

Udokotela wakho angase acabangele ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka i-droxidopa uma isimo sakho esiyisisekelo sithuthuka, uma uba nemiphumela emibi, noma uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziba zifaneleka kakhulu esimweni sakho.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuthatha i-droxidopa impilo yabo yonke, kanti abanye bangase bakwazi ukuphatha isimo sabo ngezinguquko zokuphila noma imithi ehlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-droxidopa ngokwakho, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono. Izimpawu zakho zingase zibuye ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, futhi ushintsho olungazelelwe lungaba yingozi. Njalo xoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo mayelana nemithi yakho nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Droxidopa?

Utshwala bungenza zibe zimbi izimpawu eziphathwa yi-droxidopa ngokubangela imithambo yegazi ukuthi ivuleke futhi umfutho wegazi wehle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-droxidopa kungaphikisana nezinzuzo zomuthi futhi kungase kubangele ukuguquguquka okuyingozi komfutho wegazi.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza utshwala ngezikhathi ezithile, kwenze ngokucophelela okukhulu nangamanani amancane. Qala ngokuphuza okuncane kunokujwayelekile futhi unake kakhulu ukuthi uzizwa kanjani uma usukuma noma ushintsha izikhundla.

Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele uma usalungisa i-droxidopa noma uma uke waba nezinkinga ngokuquleka noma ukuwa. Inhlanganisela yotshwala kanye nezinguquko zomfutho wegazi ingakhuphula kakhulu ingozi yakho yezingozi.

Xoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokuphuza utshwala ukuze bakwazi ukukunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe esisekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo esithile nokuthi i-droxidopa isebenza kahle kangakanani kuwe.