Yini i-Lenalidomide: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Lenalidomide iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukulwa neminye imikhuhlane yegazi ngokuqinisa ikhono lomzimba lakho lokuzivikela lokuhlasela amaseli omdlavuza. Ingaphansi kweqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi imithi yokulawula amasosha omzimba, okusho ukuthi isebenza ngokuguqula indlela amasosha akho omzimba asabela ngayo kumdlavuza.

Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-multiple myeloma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi oluthinta amaseli e-plasma emnkantshubeni wakho wamathambo. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ayibhalele ezinye izimo ezihlobene negazi njenge-myelodysplastic syndromes noma izinhlobo ezithile ze-lymphoma.

Yini i-Lenalidomide Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Lenalidomide iphatha izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wegazi, i-multiple myeloma iyisimo esivamile esisiza ukusilawula. I-Multiple myeloma yenzeka lapho amaseli e-plasma emnkantshubeni wakho wamathambo ekhula ngokungalawuleki, futhi le mithi isiza ukunciphisa lokho kukhula.

Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-lenalidomide ye-myelodysplastic syndromes, iqembu lezifo lapho umnkantshubeni wakho wamathambo ungenzi amaseli egazi anempilo ngokwanele. Isetshenziselwa futhi ukwelapha i-mantle cell lymphoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza oluthinta ama-lymph nodes akho nezinye izitho.

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela babhala i-lenalidomide eminye imikhuhlane yegazi lapho ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kungasebenzi kahle ngokwanele. Imithi ivame ukuhlanganiswa nokunye ukwelashwa komdlavuza ukuze kuyenze isebenze ngempumelelo.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Lenalidomide?

I-Lenalidomide isebenza ngokuthuthukisa ikhono lemvelo lomzimba wakho lokubona nokubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza. Cabanga ngayo njengokunikeza uhlelo lokuzivikela emzimbeni wakho amathuluzi angcono okulwa nomdlavuza.

Imithi futhi imisa amaseli omdlavuza ekukhuliseni imithambo emisha yegazi abayidingayo ukuze basinde futhi basakaze. Lokhu kunqamula imigqa yabo yokuhlinzeka, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi izimila zikhule futhi zisakazeke emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lenalidomide iphazamisa ngokuqondile ukukhula nokuhlukana kwamaseli omdlavuza. Ithathwa njengomuthi olinganiselwe oqinile womdlavuza osebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunemithi yamakhemikhali yendabuko, ngokuvamile enezinye izinto ezingezinhle ezingathi sína.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Lenalidomide?

Thatha i-lenalidomide ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayiyalayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngamanzi - ungawavuli, ungawephuli, noma uwahlafune ngoba lokhu kungaba yingozi.

Ungawuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa ukuwuthatha ngesnakhi esilula kungasiza ukunciphisa isisu esibuhlungu. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuwuthatha kusihlwa kusiza ukunciphisa ukukhathala kwasemini okungenzeka.

Phatha amaphilisi ngokucophelela futhi ugeze izandla zakho kahle ngemva kokuwathinta. Uma iphilisi livuleka, ungathinti impushana engaphakathi futhi uhlanze noma yikuphi okuchithekile ngokushesha ngendwangu emanzi.

Kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho uzokunika i-lenalidomide ngemijikelezo, njengokuyithatha izinsuku ezingama-21 kulandelwe ikhefu lezinsuku eziyi-7. Lokhu kunika umzimba wakho isikhathi sokululama phakathi nezikhathi zokwelashwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani I-Lenalidomide?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-lenalidomide buhluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abanye abantu bayayithatha izinyanga eziningana, kanti abanye bangayidinga iminyaka.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile nokuhlolwa ukuze anqume ukuthi kufanele uqhubeke isikhathi esingakanani nokwelashwa. Bazobheka izinto ezinjengokuthi umdlavuza usabela kahle kangakanani nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezingezinhle ozozithola.

Nge-multiple myeloma, ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqhubeka kuze kube yilapho isifo siqhubeka noma imiphumela emibi iba nzima kakhulu ukuphatha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukuze lithole ibhalansi efanele phakathi kokulawula umdlavuza wakho nokugcina izinga lempilo yakho.

Ziyini Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Lenalidomide?

Njengemithi eminingi yomdlavuza, i-lenalidomide ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile iyaphathwa ngosizo olufanele lwezokwelapha.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole, ihlelwe ngokuthi ivela kaningi kangakanani:

Imiphumela Ejwayelekile Emibi

Le miphumela emibi yenzeka kubantu abaningi abathatha i-lenalidomide, kodwa ngokuvamile ithambile noma imaphakathi futhi ingaphathwa ngempumelelo.

• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka obungase buze futhi buhambe phakathi nokwelashwa kwakho
• Ukwehla kwamaseli egazi, okungakwenza uthambekele ekuvuvukeni, ukulimala, noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Ukuqunjelwa noma ukuqunjelwa, okuvame ukuphathwa ngokushintsha ukudla noma imithi
• Ukucasuka kwesisu noma isicanucanu, ngokuvamile kuthambile futhi kuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuluma, ngokuvamile kuvela njengamabala abomvu, omile
• Imisipha yemisipha noma ubuhlungu bamathambo, ikakhulukazi emhlane noma emilenzeni yakho
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni zakho, ezinyaweni, noma emilenzeni

Iningi lale miphumela emibi ejwayelekile livame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo linganikeza amasu okusiza ukuphatha ngempumelelo.

Imiphumela Emibi Engavamile Kodwa Ebucayi

Ngenkathi le miphumela emibi ingenzeki kubantu abaningi, idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka.

• Amagazi egazi emilenzeni yakho, emaphashini, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho
• Ukwehla okukhulu kwamaseli egazi okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka
• Izinkinga zesibindi, ezingase zivele njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
• Izinkinga zezinso, okungenzeka zibangele izinguquko ekuchameni
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu nokuphefumula okunzima noma ukuvuvukala
• Imidlavaza emisha, nakuba lokhu kungavamile

Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola eduze ngale miphumela emibi ebucayi ngemivivinyo yegazi ejwayelekile nokuhlolwa. Ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni kwenza lezi zinkinga zibe lula kakhulu ukuphatha.

Imiphumela Emibi Engavamile Kodwa Ebucayi

Lezi zimo ezingavamile kodwa zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi zingase zisho ukuyeka imithi.

• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu njenge-Stevens-Johnson syndrome noma i-toxic epidermal necrolysis
• I-Tumor lysis syndrome, lapho amaseli omdlavuza ewohloka ngokushesha kakhulu
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Umonakalo omkhulu wemizwa obangela ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuluma
• Izinkinga ezinzima zamaphaphu noma ubunzima bokuphefumula

Ngenkathi lezi zimo ezingavamile ezingavamile zingaba zimbi, khumbula ukuthi ithimba lakho lezempilo linqume i-lenalidomide ngoba likholelwa ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula izingozi zesimo sakho esithile.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Lenalidomide?

I-Lenalidomide ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma izimo zenza kungafaneleki noma kuyingozi ukuyisebenzisa. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinquma.

Akufanele uthathe i-lenalidomide uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, ngoba kungabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa. Abesifazane abaneminyaka yokuzala kumele basebenzise izinhlobo ezimbili zokulawula ukuzala okuphumelelayo futhi babe nokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso bangase badinge ukulinganisa okuhlukile noma bangase bangakwazi ukuthatha i-lenalidomide nhlobo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngaphambi nangemva kokwelashwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi kuphephile.

Uma unomlando wamagazi, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma isifo sesibindi, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukala izingozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela. Lezi zimo azikukhiphi ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe futhi mhlawumbe izinhlelo zokwelapha eziguquliwe.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Lenalidomide

I-Lenalidomide itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Revlimid, okuyilona okujwayelekile ukunqunywa e-United States. Lena imithi yegama lomkhiqizo wokuqala eyenziwe yinkampani yezemithi i-Celgene.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-lenalidomide sezitholakala emazweni athile, nakuba ukutholakala kuhluka ngendawo. Lezi zinhlobo ezivamile ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi zisebenza ngendlela efanayo njengomuthi onegama lomkhiqizo.

Ikhemisi lakho lingase lithathe indawo ngohlobo olujwayelekile uma lukhona futhi luvunyelwe endaweni yakho. Zombili izinhlobo ezinamagama omkhiqizo nezivamile zisebenza ngokulinganayo uma zikhiqizwe futhi zilawulwa kahle.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Lenalidomide

Imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha izimo ezifanayo ne-lenalidomide, nakuba ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ekuxilongweni kwakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengohlobo lomdlavuza wakho, ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini, kanye nempilo yakho yonke.

Nge-multiple myeloma, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zihlanganisa i-pomalidomide (Pomalyst), efana ne-lenalidomide kodwa ingase isebenze uma i-lenalidomide iyeka ukusebenza. I-Thalidomide ingenye inketho, nakuba ivame ukuba nemiphumela eminingi emibi.

Ezinye izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa i-bortezomib (Velcade), i-carfilzomib (Kyprolis), noma imithi emisha efana ne-daratumumab (Darzalex). Udokotela wakho we-oncologist angase futhi acabangele ukufakelwa kwamaselula esiqu noma ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kuye ngesimo sakho.

Ukukhetha ezinye izindlela zokwelapha kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini ukubekezelele kahle kangakanani nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izimo zempilo onazo.

Ingabe i-Lenalidomide Ingcono Kune-Thalidomide?

I-Lenalidomide ngokuvamile ithathwa njengesephumelelayo futhi ibekezeleleka kangcono kune-thalidomide kubantu abaningi abane-multiple myeloma. Yenzelwe njengenguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-thalidomide enezinzuzo ezifanayo kodwa nemiphumela emibi embalwa.

Inzuzo enkulu ye-lenalidomide phezu kwe-thalidomide ukuthi ibangela ukulimala okuncane kwemizwa (i-neuropathy), okungaba umphumela omkhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi unomphela we-thalidomide. I-Lenalidomide futhi ivame ukubangela ukozela okuncane nokuboshwa.

Noma kunjalo, i-lenalidomide inengozi enkulu yamaqhubu egazi uma iqhathaniswa ne-thalidomide, ngakho udokotela wakho angase akubhalele imithi yokunciphisa igazi kanye nayo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezingozini zakho ngazinye kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Ngokuqondene nokusebenza kahle, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-lenalidomide ivame ukusebenza kangcono ekulawuleni ukukhula komdlavuza futhi ingasiza abantu ukuthi baphile isikhathi eside ngekhwalithi yempilo engcono uma iqhathaniswa ne-thalidomide.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Lenalidomide

Ingabe i-Lenalidomide iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

I-Lenalidomide ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zezinso, kodwa idinga ukulungiswa kwemithamo ngokucophelela nokuqapha okuseduze. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho njalo futhi angase akubhalele umthamo omncane.

Uma unezinkinga zezinso ezilula kuya kweziphakathi, cishe usengathatha i-lenalidomide ngokuguqula uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezifo zezinso ezinzima bangase badinge imithi ehlukile noma ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile kwe-dialysis.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizogada ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo futhi lilungise umthamo wakho njengoba kudingeka ukuze ukugcine uphephile ngenkathi usaqhubeka nokwelapha umdlavuza wakho ngempumelelo.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuzile i-Lenalidomide eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza i-lenalidomide eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ukuphuza okuningi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi engathi sína.

Ungazami ukulungisa ukweqisa ngokweqa imithamo yesikhathi esizayo - lokhu kungaba yingozi futhi kungenza ukwelashwa kwakho kungasebenzi kahle. Kunalokho, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho yokubuyela ohlelweni lwakho olujwayelekile.

Gcina umkhondo wohlelo lwakho lwemithi futhi ucabangele ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukusiza ukuvimbela ukweqisa ngengozi. Uma unenkinga yokukhumbula imithamo yakho, khuluma nethimba lakho lezempilo mayelana namasu okusiza.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Lenalidomide?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-lenalidomide, yithathe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Esimweni esinjalo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma ungaqiniseki ngesikhathi, xhumana nethimba lakho lezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso.

Zama ukuthatha i-lenalidomide ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ikusize ukhumbule. Ukusetha i-alamu yefoni noma ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lokukhumbuza imithi kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale emgqeni neshejuli yakho yokwelashwa.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Lenalidomide?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-lenalidomide lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo. Ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela umdlavuza wakho ukuthi ukhule futhi noma uqhubeke, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono.

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ukuthi uyeke nini ngokusekelwe ekutheni imithi isebenza kahle kangakanani, yimiphumela emibi oyitholayo, nokuthi umdlavuza wakho usabela kanjani. Bazosebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, izithombe zokuhlola, nokuhlolwa komzimba ukuze benze lesi sinqumo.

Abanye abantu bathatha i-lenalidomide iminyaka eminingi njengokwelashwa kokugcina ukuze bagcine umdlavuza wabo ulawulwa. Abanye bangayeka ngemva kwesikhathi esithile sokwelashwa, kuye ngohlelo lwabo lokwelashwa ngabanye nokusabela ekwelashweni.

Ngingayithatha eminye imithi ngenkathi ngithatha i-Lenalidomide?

Imithi eminingi ingathathwa ngokuphepha ne-lenalidomide, kodwa eminye ingase ihlangane noma ikhuphule imiphumela emibi. Hlala utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemithi yemvelo oyithathayo.

Udokotela wakho angase akwelashwe ngeminye imithi ukusiza ukuvimbela imiphumela emibi evela ku-lenalidomide, njengama-blood thinners ukunciphisa ingozi yegazi noma imithi yokusekela ukubalwa kwegazi lakho. Lezi zivame ukuba yizingxenye ezibalulekile zohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Gwema ukuthatha imithi emisha etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela noma izithasiselo ngaphandle kokubonisana neqembu lakho lezempilo kuqala. Eminye imikhiqizo ebonakala ingenangozi ingaphazamisa i-lenalidomide noma yandise ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi.