Yini i-Methimazole: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Methimazole iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukulawula igland yegilo esebenza ngokweqile, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperthyroidism. Cabanga ngegilo lakho njengesikhungo sokulawula injini yomzimba wakho - uma isebenza ngokushesha kakhulu, i-methimazole isebenza njengebhegi elithambile ukwehlisa izinto zibe ngumfutho onempilo. Le mithi ingeyeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi imithi ye-antithyroid, futhi isize abantu ukuthi baphathe izimo zabo zegilo ngokuphepha iminyaka eminingi.

Yini i-Methimazole?

I-Methimazole iyimithi yomlomo engaphansi kwezigaba zemithi ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-thioamides. Isebenza ngokuvimba igland yakho yegilo ekwenzeni amahomoni egilo amaningi kakhulu, okuyilokho okubangela izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism.

Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-methimazole uma igilo lakho likhiqiza amahomoni amaningi ngokweqile asheshisa izinqubo zomzimba wakho. Lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe ukhathazekile, kubangele ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuncipha kwesisindo, nezinye izimpawu ezingakhululeki ezithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Imithi iza ngesimo samaphilisi futhi ithathwa ngomlomo. Kuyindlela yokwelapha eqondiswe ngqo ekhomba imbangela ye-hyperthyroidism kunokumane imaski izimpawu.

Isetshenziselwani i-Methimazole?

I-Methimazole isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism, eyenzeka lapho igland yakho yegilo ikhiqiza amahomoni egilo amaningi kakhulu. Lesi simo singakwenza uzizwe sengathi umzimba wakho uhlala usebenza ngokweqile.

Imithi ivame ukubhalwa ngesifo sikaGraves, okuyimbangela evame kakhulu ye-hyperthyroidism. Isifo sikaGraves senzeka lapho amasosha akho omzimba ngokungafanele etshela igilo lakho ukuthi lisebenze kanzima kakhulu, likhiqiza amahomoni amaningi.

Udktela wakho angase futhi ancome i-methimazole ye-toxic multinodular goiter, lapho amahlule eshukela lakho le-thyroid ekhiqiza amahomoni amaningi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziselwa ukulungiselela iziguli ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid noma ukwelashwa nge-iodine ye-radioactive ngokulawula amazinga e-hormone kuqala.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Methimazole?

I-Methimazole isebenza ngokungenelela ekwazi kwegland yakho ye-thyroid ukusebenzisa i-iodine ukwenza amahomoni e-thyroid. Ithathwa njengemithi enamandla aphakathi nendawo engalawula ngempumelelo i-hyperthyroidism kubantu abaningi.

Lo muthi uvimba i-enzyme ebizwa nge-thyroid peroxidase, okudingwa yi-thyroid yakho ukukhiqiza amahomoni. Ngokuvimba le enzyme, i-methimazole inciphisa inani le-hormone ye-thyroid engenziwa yigland yakho, iletha amazinga akho emuva ekuqheleni okujwayelekile.

Le nqubo ayenzeki ngobusuku obubodwa - ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto amaningana ukubona imiphumela ephelele. Umzimba wakho udinga isikhathi sokusebenzisa i-hormone ye-thyroid eyeqile esivele ikhiqiziwe ngaphambi kokuba uzizwe ungcono ngokuphelele.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Methimazole?

Thatha i-methimazole ngendlela udokotela wakho ayala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku noma ihlukaniswe ngemithamo emincane usuku lonke. Ungayithatha nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ekuvikeleni isisu esibuhlungu.

Zama ukuthatha imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho. Uma uyithatha kanye ngosuku, abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukuyithatha ngesidlo sasekuseni noma isidlo sakusihlwa njengengxenye yomsebenzi wabo ojwayelekile.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungagxobi, uhlafune, noma uqhekeze amaphilisi ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze kanjalo, njengoba lokhu kungathinta ukuthi imithi isebenza kanjani.

Uma uthatha eminye imithi, yihlukanise kude ne-methimazole uma kungenzeka. Eminye imithi ingasebenzisana ne-methimazole, ngakho-ke ngaso sonke isikhathi tshela udokotela wakho ngakho konke okuthathayo, okuhlanganisa izithasiselo kanye nemithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Methimazole?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-methimazole buhlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, ngokuvamile busuka ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-18, nakuba abanye abantu bengase bayidinge isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga e-hormone yakho yegilo njalo ukuze anqume ubude obulungile bakho.

Ngesifo sikaGraves, abantu abaningi bangayeka ukuthatha i-methimazole ngemva kweminyaka engu-1-2 uma isimo sabo singena ekuxoleleni. Nokho, abanye abantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa isikhathi eside, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukuyithatha unomphela uma i-hyperthyroidism yabo ingaxazululi.

Udokotela wakho uzokwehlisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho kunokuthi uyeke kungazelelwe. Le nqubo yokunciphisa isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga e-hormone yakho yegilo ahlala ezinzile futhi ivimbela izimpawu zakho ukuthi zibuye ngokushesha kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi kuphephile nini ukwehlisa noma ukuyeka imithi yakho. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-methimazole ngokwakho, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism yakho ibuye.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Methimazole?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-methimazole ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole:

• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuluma
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ikhanda
• Isiyezi
• Ubuhlungu emalungeni
• Ushintsho ekunambitheni
• Ukuwa kwezinwele (ngokuvamile okwesikhashana)

Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile ziyalawuleka futhi zivame ukwehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma ziqhubeka noma zikuphazamisa kakhulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuzinciphisa.

Kukhona nemiphumela emibi embalwa kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Izinkinga zesibindi ezinzima (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama, ukukhathala okukhulu)
• Izifo zegazi ezinzima (ukuqina okungavamile, ukopha, izifo ezivame ukwenzeka, umphimbo obuhlungu)
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu (ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo)
• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu (ukuqubuka okusabalale kakhulu, ukuxebuka kwesikhumba, umkhuhlane)

Nakuba le miphumela emibi engavamile, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke futhi uthintane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Methimazole?

I-Methimazole ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile noma izimo zikwenza kungaphephile ukuyisebenzisa. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-methimazole uma unokungezwani nayo noma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kuyo esikhathini esidlule. Uma uke wahlangabezana nezinkinga zesibindi noma izifo zegazi ezivela ku-methimazole ngaphambili, udokotela wakho cishe uzokhetha enye indlela yokwelapha.

Ukukhulelwa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile nge-methimazole. Nakuba ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile akuyona inketho yokuqala, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala, ngenxa yokukhubazeka okungenzeka kokuzalwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izingozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela.

Uma uncelisa, i-methimazole ingadlulela obisini lwebele, kodwa ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile kunezinye izidakamizwa ze-antithyroid. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha wena nomntwana wakho ngokucophelela uma udinga ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa ngenkathi uncelisa.

Abantu abanezimo zesibindi ezithile noma izifo zegazi bangase badinge ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Hlala utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo ngaphambi kokuqala i-methimazole.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Methimazole

I-Methimazole itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Tapazole iyilena evame kakhulu ozohlangana nayo. Leli gama lomkhiqizo lisetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi futhi laziwa kahle abahlinzeki bezempilo.

Ungase futhi ubone i-methimazole idayiswa ngaphansi kwamanye amagama emikhiqizo noma njengomuthi ojwayelekile. I-methimazole ejwayelekile isebenza ngempumelelo njengoba kwenza izinhlobo ezinamagama emikhiqizo futhi ivame ukuba eshibhile.

Noma ngabe uthola i-methimazole enegama lomkhiqizo noma ejwayelekile, isithako esisebenzayo nokusebenza kahle kuhlala kufana. Umkhemisi wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo oyitholayo futhi aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo mayelana nokushintsha phakathi kwazo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Methimazole

Uma i-methimazole ingakulungele, zikhona ezinye izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ze-hyperthyroidism. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi ezinye izindlela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.

I-Propylthiouracil (PTU) ngomunye umuthi wokulwa ne-thyroid osebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-methimazole. Ivame ukukhethwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala, futhi ingaba yindlela uma ungenakukwazi ukubekezelela i-methimazole.

Ukwelashwa nge-iodine enomsakazo kungenye inketho yokwelapha enciphisa unomphela ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid. Lokhu kwelashwa kuhilela ukuthatha i-iodine enomsakazo ngomlomo, ethathwa yigland yakho ye-thyroid futhi ibhubhise kancane kancane ezinye izicubu.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid (i-thyroidectomy) kungase kunconywe ezimweni ezithile, njengokuthi uma une-gland enkulu kakhulu ye-thyroid noma ungenakukwazi ukuthatha imithi yokulwa ne-thyroid. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye noma yonke i-gland yakho ye-thyroid.

Ama-beta-blockers angasiza ekuphatheni izimpawu ezinjengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokuthuthumela ngenkathi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziqala ukusebenza, nakuba zingayelaphi i-hyperthyroidism ekhona.

Ingabe i-Methimazole Ingcono Kune-Propylthiouracil?

Kokubili i-methimazole ne-propylthiouracil (PTU) yimithi yokulwa ne-thyroid esebenzayo, kodwa ngamunye unokuhle kwakhe. I-Methimazole ivame ukukhethwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwabantu abaningi abane-hyperthyroidism.

I-Methimazole ngokuvamile idinga imithamo embalwa ngosuku kune-PTU, okwenza kube lula ukunamathela ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Abantu abaningi badinga kuphela ukuthatha i-methimazole kanye ngosuku, kanti i-PTU ngokuvamile idinga ukuthathwa izikhathi eziningi ngosuku.

Kodwa-ke, i-PTU ingase ibe yindlela engcono ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sokuqala, ngoba ihlotshaniswa nengozi ephansi yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa. I-PTU nayo iyathandwa uma uke waba nezinkinga zesibindi nge-methimazole esikhathini esidlule.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimo zakho ngazinye, okuhlanganisa umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuthi ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, nokuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni lapho enquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi ongcono kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Methimazole

Ingabe i-Methimazole iphephile ezigulini zenhliziyo?

I-Methimazole ingaba usizo ngempela kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo abane-hyperthyroidism futhi. I-Hyperthyroidism ibeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe enhliziyweni yakho, futhi ngokulawula amazinga akho e-hormone yegilo, i-methimazole ingasiza ukunciphisa le ngcindezi.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze uma unezifo zenhliziyo. Bazofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi njengoba amazinga akho e-hormone yegilo ejwayelekile, imithi yakho yenhliziyo isemithamo efanele kuwe.

Uma unezifo zenhliziyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha i-methimazole njengoba kunqunyiwe futhi ugcine zonke izikhathi zakho zokulandela. Udokotela wakho angase futhi anqume ama-beta-blockers ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo ngenkathi i-methimazole isebenza.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ngengozi ngisebenzisa i-Methimazole eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-methimazole eningi kakhulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kakhulu kungase kubangele amazinga akho e-hormone yegilo ukuthi ehlise kakhulu, okuholela ku-hypothyroidism.

Izimpawu zokuthatha okuningi zingabandakanya ukukhathala okukhulu, ukuzizwa kubanda, ukucindezeleka, noma ukucabanga okuhamba kancane. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpawu zingase zingaveli ngokushesha, njengoba izinguquko ze-hormone ye-thyroid zithatha isikhathi ukuthinta umzimba wakho.

Ungazami ukuthi "ulinganise" ukweqisa ngokweqa imithamo yesikhathi esizayo. Kunalokho, thola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi uqhubeke nokuthatha imithamo yakho ejwayelekile njengoba kuchaziwe ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho ekutshela ngenye indlela.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngeqe Umthamo We-Methimazole?

Uma weqa umthamo we-methimazole, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kokuthi sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo oweqiwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo oweqiwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukhumbule.

Uma weqa imithamo njalo, amazinga akho e-hormone ye-thyroid angase angazinzi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamasu okukusiza ukhumbule imithi yakho, njengoba ukuthatha imithi njalo kubalulekile ekuphatheni isimo sakho ngempumelelo.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Methimazole?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-methimazole lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa kwegazi nokuthi usenesikhathi esingakanani ekwelashweni. Ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungabangela ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism yakho ibuye.

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokwehlisa umthamo wakho kancane kancane kunokuthi awuyeke kungazelelwe. Le nqubo ingase ithathe amasonto amaningana noma izinyanga, lapho uzodinga khona ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze uqaphe amazinga akho e-hormone ye-thyroid.

Ngemva kokuyeka i-methimazole, cishe uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism yakho ayibuyi. Abanye abantu bafinyelela ekuxolelweni kwesikhathi eside, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukuqala kabusha ukwelashwa uma izimpawu zabo zibuyela.

Ngingayithatha I-Methimazole Neminye Imithi?

I-Methimazole ingase ihlangane nemithi ethile, ngakho kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngakho konke okuthathayo. Ezinye izinciphisi zegazi, njenge-warfarin, zingase zidinge ukulungiswa komthamo lapho uqala i-methimazole.

Imithi ethile yezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo ingase futhi ihlangane ne-methimazole. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze uma udinga ukuthatha le mithi ndawonye futhi angase alungise imithamo njengoba kudingeka.

Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma imiphi imithi emisha, izithasiselo, noma imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela ofuna ukuyiqala ngenkathi uthatha i-methimazole. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amavithamini, izithasiselo zamakhambi, ngisho nemithi yomkhuhlane, njengoba ezinye zingathinta indlela i-methimazole esebenza ngayo emzimbeni wakho.