Izimo eziningi ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole ziyinambitheko yensimbi, isicanucanu, uhudo, nokucasuka kwesisu, futhi ziyaduka zingakapheli usuku noma ezimbili emva komthamo wakho wokugcina. Ukunambitheka kuyidakamizwa esifundweni sakho, hhayi i-allergy. Ukuba nemuntu noma ukuzizwa okubandayo ezandleni noma ezinyaweni kuyisiphetho esidinga udokotela.
I-TL;DR: Izinto Okumele Uzinake
- Ukunambitheka kwensimbi kuyimiphumela elindelekile, akulona i-allergy futhi akusona isibonakaliso sokuthi i-antibiotic iyasilela.
- Isimo esivamile: siqala ngemithamo yokuqala eyodwa noma emibili, siqala ngosuku lwesibili kuya kwesithathu, sibuyela kujwayelekile ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa emva komthamo wokugcina.
- Qedela imithi. Ukuyeka kusenesikhathi ngoba ukudla kunambitheka kabi kuyisiphutha esikhulu esingagwenywa lapha.
- Umthetho wakudala othi "ungaphuzi utshwala" ukhishwe yi-CDC, yize utshwala bungase benze isicanucanu sibe sibi ngokwengeziwe.
- Ukuba nemuntu, ukuzizwa okubandayo, noma ukusha ezandleni noma ezinyaweni kuyisibonakaliso esidinga ukuhlolwa kunokubekezelelwa.
Izimo Eziningi Ezingezinhle ze-Metronidazole Ziyizinkinga Zomlomo Nesisu, Hhayi Izibonakaliso Zengozi
Izimo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole ziningi kakhulu emilonyeni nasezifweni: ukunambitheka okubukhali kwensimbi, isicanucanu, uhudo, ubuhlungu besisu, nokubuyaxeka. Lezi ziqala kusenesikhathi, ziqala phakathi nemithi, futhi ziyadlala ezinsukwini emva komthamo wokugcina. Izimo ezibucayi ziyenzeka kodwa azivamile: imiphumela emithanjeni njengokuba nemuntu noma ukuzizwa okubandayo ezandleni nasezinyaweni, nemiphumela ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi njengokuthuthumela noma ukudideka.
I-Flagyl iyimikhiqizo yalo molecule efanayo, ngakho-ke izimo ezingezinhle ze-Flagyl nezimo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole ojwayelekile ziyiluhlu olulodwa, hhayi ezimbili. Noma ibhodlela lakho lithi i-Flagyl, i-Flagyl ER, noma i-metronidazole 500 mg, izimo ezingezinhle ze-Flagyl ezikhulunywe umgexo wakho zivela kudakamizwa ngokwalo.
Ukunambitheka akuyona into emangalisayo kulabo ababhale ilebula. Ulwazi olugunyazwe yi-FDA lokunikeza imiyalelo ku-DailyMed lubeka ngokusobala ukuthi "Ukunambitheka okubukhali, okungajabulisi kwensimbi akuvamile." Leyo lebula efanayo ka-2018 iphinde ifake ulimi olubunawu, i-glossitis, ne-stomatitis, okungase kubonise ukwanda kwe-Candida phakathi nokwelashwa kunokuba umphumela wokunambitheka kukadakamizwa ngokwalo.
Uma isikhalazo sakho esikhulu uhudo olungamanzi kunokuba nomuzwa wokunambitheka owonakele, lokho kuyimiphumela ehlukile futhi ngokuvamile kuyidakamizwa elihlukile, eliseduze neziphumo ezicasulayo ze-Augmentin. Ukulimala kwemithambo yangaphandle nokuthuthumela kuyenzeka nge-metronidazole, kodwa kungavamile emthwalweni ojwayelekile wezinsuku 5 kuya kweziyi-10. Zithola isigaba sazo ngezansi.
Ukunambitheka Kwensimbi Kuyi-Metronidazole Esifundweni Sakho, Hhayi I-Allergy
Nansi indlela cishe akekho umuntu oyichazayo. I-Metronidazole nezinto eziguquguqukayo ziyakhishwa esifundweni sakho, lapho zixhumana khona nezicubu zokunambitha ezixhomeke ku-zinc emthonjeni. Awunambithi okuthile emthonjeni wakho. Unambitha idakamizwa elikujikelezayo, yingakho leli phutha lihambisana ne-metronidazole kunokuba kube yinto evamile yama-antibiotics. Odokotela babiza ukuhlanekezelwa kokunambitheka okubangelwa imithi ngokuthi i-dysgeusia.
Lokho kubalulekile ngalokho okukuchithayo. Ukunambitheka kwensimbi ngokwayo akulona i-allergy, akubufakazi bokuthi ukugula kwakho kuyanda, futhi akusona isibonakaliso sokuthi i-antibiotic iyasilela. Kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi idakamizwa lisemzimbeni wakho.
Ngakho ungamyeki kusenesikhathi. Imihlahlandlela yokwelapha i-STI ye-CDC incoma i-metronidazole yomlomo engu-500 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezingu-7 njengemithi yokuqala yokwelapha i-bacterial vaginosis, futhi umthamo ogcwalisiwe, hhayi imithamo yokuqala embalwa, yiyona ehlukanisa ukutheleleka.
Isiphetho esisodwa siguqulela lokhu kusuka kokulungile kuya kokubalulekile. Ukushintsha kokunambitheka okuhambisana nokuba nemuntu, ukuzizwa okubandayo, noma ukushisa ezandleni noma ezinyaweni kubonisa ubuthi emithanjeni kunokuba kube ukuphazamiseka kokunambitheka okujwayelekile, futhi ilebula ye-FDA iphatha i-peripheral neuropathy engapheli njengento okufanele iziguli zixwayiswe ngayo ngokukhethekile. Lokho kuhlanganiswa kudinga udokotela, hhayi intonga yefenisi.
Isikhathi Esingakanani Izimo Ezingezinhle ze-Metronidazole Zihamba: Ngokuvamile Ziyaduka Ezinsukwini Ezimbalwa Emva Komthamo Wakho]);
Abantu abaningi ababuza ukuthi izimo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole zihamba isikhathi esingakanani bafuna inombolo eyodwa, ngakho nansi leyo: cishe ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa emva komthamo wokugcina wokunambitheka, ngokushesha kunalokho isicanucanu. I-pharmacology iyakusekela. Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuhlanza i-metronidazole emzimbeni kubantu abadala abaphilile cishe amahora ayi-8 ngokusho kwelebula le-DailyMed, okusho ukuthi idakamizwa liphumile emzimbeni wakho cishe kungakapheli usuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili emva kokuyeka.
| Nini | Okuzovame Ukukubona |
| Imithamo 1 kuya ku-2 (amahora angama-24 okuqala) | Ukunambitheka okubuthakathaka kwensimbi noma okubabayo, ngezinye izikhathi ukucasuka okubuthakathaka |
| Izinsuku 2 kuya ku-3 | Ukunambitheka okukhulu okuhlanekezelwe, ukudla kunambitheka kabi, ukunciphisa ukudla |
| Eseleyo yemithamo | Izinzile kunokuba ibe yimbi; abantu abaningi bayavuma |
| Izinsuku 1 kuya kwezingu-2 emva komthamo wokugcina | Isicanucanu nokucasuka kwesisu kuyazola kuqala |
| Izinsuku 3 kuya kweziyisikhombisa emva komthamo wokugcina | Ukunambitheka kubuyela kokujwayelekile ezigcawini eziningi |
| Izinsuku 2 kuya kwezi-4 emva kwalo | Ukunambitheka okubuthakathaka okuphikelelayo kwabambalwa |
Impendulo eqotho yokuthi izimo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole zihamba isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ukunambitheka kuhamba ngemuva kwayo yonke enye into, futhi abantu abambalwa banokunambitheka okubuthakathaka kwensimbi izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-4. Sebenzisa umkhawulo ocacile: uma ukunambitheka kwakho kusahlanekezelwe ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ngaphezulu emva kokuphela kwemithi, shayela umbhali. Ngaleso sikhathi idakamizwa isidlulile isikhathi eside, futhi ushintsho oluqhubekayo lufanele ukuhlolwa kwezinye izizathu ezifana nokutheleleka komlomo, i-reflux, inkinga ye-zinc noma ye-B12, noma enye imithi.
Amasu Okudla Ayakuvimbela Ukunambitheka Kwensimbi, Kodwa Akukho Okukucishayo Ngokuphelele
Lezi zisebenza kahle ngokwanele ukukusiza udlule isonto:
- Amaphesenti asidi futhi abukhali. Ama-citrus, amakherothi, ama-dressing asuselwa kuviniga, kanye notamatisi bavame ukusika insimbi kangcono kunokudla okungenanambitheka noma okumnandi.
- I-gum ye-citrus engenawo ushukela noma i-mint, noma i-candy engenawo ushukela eyi-hard, phakathi kwemithamo.
- Geza ngengxenye yenkomishi yetisipuni ye-baking soda enkophweni yamanzi.
- Sebenzisa izitsha zepulasitiki noma ubambalwa esikhundleni sensimbi, bese ugwema ibhodlela lamanzi lensimbi.
- Thatha umthamo ngamunye ngokudla, uhlanze ulimi lwakho kanye namazinyo akho, futhi uhlale uphuza amanzi.
Umkhawulo ufanele ukuvezwa ngeqiniso. Ukunambitheka kuvela kudakamizwa esifundweni sakho, hhayi kusihlu esisemlonyeni wakho, ngakho-ke ukugeza kanye ne-gum kuyakufihla kunokukususa. Lindela ukunciphisa okungaphelele, hhayi ukucisha.
Uma ulimi olumhlophe noma olubunawu, ubuhlungu bomlomo, noma ukungakhululeki okusha komlomo kuvela, kuyitshele umbhali wakho, ngoba ilebula le-DailyMed libopha lezi zitholakala ekwanda kwe-Candida kunokuba kube ushintsho lokunambitheka lodwa. Futhi ungaphutheli noma uhlukanise imithamo ukugwema ukunambitheka. Lokho kunciphisa umthamo ngaphandle kokuxazulula inkinga.
Isicanucanu Se-Metronidazole Nokunambitheka Kwensimbi Kwenza Okunye Kuba Kubi Ngokwengeziwe
Isicanucanu se-Metronidazole ngokuvamile siyathamba, kodwa akuvamisile ukuhamba sodwa, futhi ukuxhumana cishe wonke umuntu aluphuthelwa ukuthi ukunambitheka kuyakukondla. Lapho konke ongakubeka emlonyeni wakho kubhalisa njenge-metal, ukudla kuyancipha, ukudla kuyaphuthelwa, futhi isisu esingenalutho sikhulisa ukucasuka. Ngakho-ke ukuphatha ukunambitheka kuyingxenye yokuphatha isicanucanu se-metronidazole, hhayi iphrojekthi ehlukile.
Ngokwempumelelo: thatha umthamo ngamunye ngokudla negelasi eligcwele amanzi, dla ukudla okuncane okungenanambitheka kunokudla okubili okukhulu, futhi ugweme ukupheka okunukayo lapho ukunambitheka kusezingeni eliphezulu losuku lwesibili kuya kwesithathu. Abafundi abaphatha ukucasuka okubangelwa imithi ngokujwayelekile, okuhlanganisa nesicanucanu esivela kumithi ye-GLP-1, bazobona i-playbook efanayo.
Uma isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza kubi ngokwanele ukuthi ungakwazi ukugcina imithamo, shayela umbhali. Kukhona ama-antiemetics nemikhuba ehlukile. Ukuyeka ngasese umthamo kuyinto embi kakhulu.
Umthamo Womlomo Ongu-500 mg Ubanga Izinkinga Zokunambitha Eziningi Kunogele Womgudu Wokuya Esikhathini
Izinkulumo ezimayelana neziphumo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole 500 mg zidlula zonke ezinye izindlela ngoba ithebulethi yomlomo iyisimo esiphakeme kakhulu sale mphakathi esitholakala kakhulu kubantu abaningi, futhi umthwalo weziphumo ezingezinhle uhambisana nokutholakala komzimba wonke. I-CDC incoma i-500 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezingu-7 ze-bacterial vaginosis; i-trichomoniasis iphinde isebenzise umthamo womlomo.
Indlela yomdiki iyimpikiswano yonke. Ugeli wokungena emphandleni uhambisa amazinga aphansi kakhulu omphakathi kunokugwinya amathebulethi, ngakho izikhalazo ezifakwe ngaphansi kweziphumo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole 500 mg, ukuhlanekezelwa kokunambitha ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokuvamile kuyisimo samathebulethi omulomo.
Umthamo we-cumulative yikho okuhlukanisa ingcindezi engozini yangempela. Umbiko wekesi ka-2025 ofakwe ku-PMC uchaza ubuthi ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi nengaphandle ngokuvamile emithwalweni engaphezu kuka-42 g noma ukwelashwa okungaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-4. Umthamo wezinsuku eziyi-7 ku-500 mg kabili ngosuku ufaka cishe ama-7 g. Lapho ubuthi buvela, ngokuvamile buyabuya, bukhona ukululama ezinsukwini eziningana kuya ezinyangeni emva kokuyeka. Ingozi yemithambo iyisihloko sezimithamo ezide noma eziphindaphindayo, hhayi lezo ezijwayelekile.
Mhlawumbe Akudingeki Ugweme Utshwala, Ngoba I-CDC Yawa Ukuxwayisa Ngakho
I-Metronidazole notshwala yiyona ephikisana kakhulu emithini yasemtholampilo. Imihlahlandlela yokwelapha i-STI ye-CDC yango-2021 ithi ukugwema utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-metronidazole akubalulekile. Isifundo sezokwelapha esilawulwayo esanyatheliswa ku-Annals of Pharmacotherapy sithole ukuthi i-metronidazole ayizange yandise i-acetaldehyde yegazi nge-ethanol futhi ayizange yenze imiphumela engokoqobo noma eyokuziphatha ye-disulfiram-like.
Ngakho-ke kuvelaphi lapho "lindela izinsuku ezi-3 emva komthamo wakho wokugcina"? Izinto ezimbili zahlangana. Ukuxwayisa nge-disulfiram-like kusanyatheliswa kumalebula amaningi, futhi isikhathi sokuphila esiyisi-8-amahora sisusa idakamizwa emzimbeni wakho kungakapheli usuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili, ngakho othile wanqwamisa isikhathi esizwakalayo esiphephile.
Isifinyezo Esithembekile: Ubufakazi bomphumela wangempela we-disulfiram-like bungabukeki, kodwa lokho akufani nokuthi kuyisibani esiluhlaza. Utshwala bubenza bubi kakhulu isicanucanu nokudabuka komzimba lapho kakade ucasiwe, futhi abunzi lutho ekwelapheni ukutheleleka. Uma ilebula lakho noma umgexo wakho uthi gwema, yihambise kumkhiyi wakho kunokuba uphathe leli khasi njengokuvunyelwa. Uhlu olubanzi lwezingxoxo, kufaka phakathi i-warfarin, i-lithium, kanye ne-disulfiram ngokwayo, kuyisihloko esihlukile futhi sangempela.
Ukuba Nemuntu Noma Ukuzizwa Okubandayo Ezandleni Noma Ezinyaweni Yiyona Kuphela Imiphumela Eceleni Ongayilindela
Shayela ku-911 noma uye esikhungweni esiphuthumayo manje uma:
- Uthuthumela, ukudideka okusha, ukulahlekelwa ukulinganisa, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma
- Ukuqubuka noma imihluzi kuyanda, noma isikhumba sakho siyagcwaleka noma siyabubulala
- Unokuvuvukala kobuso, imihlathi, noma umphimbo, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
Lezi zihambisana nemiphumela i-MedlinePlus etshela iziguli ukuthi zibhekane nayo njengeyokuphuthuma lapho zisebenzisa i-metronidazole.
Bhuka ukuvakashelwa phakathi neviki elizayo uma: unokuba nemuntu, ukuzizwa okubandayo, ukusha, noma ubuhlungu ezandleni noma ezinyaweni zakho; izilonda noma izilonda emlonyeni wakho; ukushintsha kokunambitheka kusasekhona ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ngaphezulu emva kokuqeda; noma isicanucanu esibi ngokwanele ukuthi ungakwazi ukuqedela umthamo. Ilebula ye-FDA iphawula ukuthi i-peripheral neuropathy engapheli iye yabikwa ngokusebenzisa i-metronidazole isikhathi eside nokuthi iziguli kufanele zixwayiswe ngayo ngokukhethekile, ngakho izimpawu zemithambo emisha zihlolwa kunokuba zilindwa.
Khuluma nodokotela ngaphambi kokuba uqale uma: ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, uklalele kabi i-metronidazole ngaphambili, unezinkinga zemithambo sezikhona njenge-diabetic neuropathy, noma umthamo ohleliwe udlula izinsuku eziyi-10.
Kubandla eliphakathi, ukuvakashelwa ngevidiyo kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo esifanele. Ukuvakashelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo eziku-inthanethi kwango-$39 kwe-August kukuxhumanisa nodokotela okhubazekile e-US ongabuyekeza izimpawu zakho futhi anqume ukuthi noma yimuphi umuthi kadokotela noma ushintsho emkhubeni wakho kufanele yini kufanele.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kungani umchamo wami umnyama noma obomvu-nsundu ngenkathi ngisebenzisa i-metronidazole?
Ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga. I-Metronidazole yahlukanisa izinto ezinemibala ezingancamela umchamo mnyama, obomvu, noma onsundu, futhi umbala uyadlula lapho idakamizwa liphumile emzimbeni wakho. Akusho ukopha noma ukulimala kwezinso. Nokho, uma umbala uhambisana nobuhlungu emhlane, umkhuhlane, ukusha lapho uchama, noma amagobolondo egazi abonakalayo, hlola lokho kunokucabanga ukuthi kuyi-antibiotic.
Ingabe i-metronidazole ingabanga ukutheleleka kwemvubelo ngemuva kokwelapha i-bacterial vaginosis?
Yebo. I-Metronidazole inciphisa amagciwane abangela i-bacterial vaginosis kodwa ihlehlisa imvubelo, ngakho-ke i-Candida ingandisa esikhundleni esivulwa lapho. Ukukhipha okumhlophe okujiyile, ukulunywa, nokusha ngesonto emva kokuqedela kubonisa ukutheleleka kwemvubelo kunokuba kube yindlela yokwelashwa eyasilelayo. Kuyinkinga ehlukile edinga idakamizwa elihlukile, ngakho-ke tshelani umkhiyi wakho ukuthi yini eshintshile kunokucela omunye umthamo we-metronidazole.
Ngenzeni uma ngihlanza ngokushesha ngemva komthamo noma ngiwuphutha ngokuphelele?
Kuya ngesikhathi. Uma uhlanza kungakapheli cishe imizuzu engama-30 emva kokugwinya ithebulethi, umthamo cishe awuzange ugayeke, ngakho-ke shayela umgexo wakho ukuthi uyithathe. Ngomthamo owuphuthelwe, uyithathe lapho ukhumbula ngaphandle kokuthi umthamo wakho olandelayo usuzayo, bese uwuphutha. Ungalokothi uphindaphinde. Imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa yandisa isicanucanu ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa amazinga okwelashwa.
Ingabe i-metronidazole iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngenkathi uncelisa?
Ngezinye izikhathi, futhi kuyisinqumo somkhiyi kunokuba ukuzihlola. I-Metronidazole isetshenziswa ekukhulelweni kwezinye izifo, kufaka phakathi i-bacterial vaginosis enezimpawu, futhi izinqumo zokwelapha zilinganisa ukutheleleka okungelapheki kokuphikisana nemithi. Uma uncelisa, buza ngokukhethekile ngokubeka imithamo njengoba kuncelisa. Phakamisa umbuzo ngaphambi kwethebulethi yakho yokuqala, hhayi phakathi kwesigamu sebhodlela.
Ingabe i-metronidazole yenza amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa angasebenzi kangako?
Cha. I-Metronidazole ayiyona phakathi kwama-antibiotics aziwa ngokunciphisa amazinga okulawula ukuzalwa ngama-hormone; imithi yohlu lwe-rifampin iyona eyisiphetho sangempela lapho. Qhubeka uthatha iphilisi lakho ngesikhathi. Isiphetho esisebenzayo siyisimo sokusebenza kunokuba sibaluleke kakhulu: uma i-metronidazole ibanga ukuhlanza noma uhudo olubi, ukugayeka komthamo we-contraceptive yomlomo kungancipha, ngakho sebenzisa ukuvikeleleka okungeziwe ngesikhathi kanye nangesikhathi esithile ngemuva kwezo zinsuku.
Ingabe ama-probiotic noma ubisi lwenkomo lunciphisa izimo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole?
Ngezinye izikhathi, kancane. Ama-probiotic kanye nobisi lwenkomo olungenaswidi kungasiza kuhudo oluhambisana nama-antibiotics, okuyisiphetho sesisu sezimo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole. Akukho abakwenzayo ngokunambitheka kwensimbi, ngoba lokho kuvela kudakamizwa esifundweni sakho kunokuba kuvele emgqeni wakho wokudla. Zingabiza kancane futhi zibe nengozi encane, ngakho ukuzama kuyinto efanele. Vele ungakulindeli ukuthi ukunambitheka kushintshe.
Isiphetho: Ukunambitheka kwensimbi yikho okuxoxwa kakhulu ngezimo ezingezinhle ze-metronidazole futhi akubanga yingozi kakhulu. Lindela yona phakathi komthamo owodwa noma emibili, okubi kakhulu osuku lwesibili kuya kwesithathu, futhi iyaduka kungakapheli isonto emva kwethebulethi yakho yokugcina. Qedela umthamo, sebenzisa ukudla ne-gum ukunciphisa ukunambitheka, futhi ukhuphuke kuphela uma unezimpawu zokuba nemuntu, ukuzizwa okubandayo, noma ukunambitheka okudlula imithi amasonto amabili.
Isitatimende: Lesi sihloko senzelwe imininingwane kuphela futhi akubhekwa njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Ngaso sonke isikhathi xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ofanelekayo ukuze uthole izinqumo zokuxilongwa nokwelashwa. Uma ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, shayela ku-911 noma uye esikhungweni esiphuthumayo esiseduze ngokushesha.
