Yini i-Netarsudil: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Netarsudil iyisidakamizwa samehlo esinconywayo esisiza ukwehlisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Yenzelwe ngqo abantu abaneglaucoma noma ingcindezi ephezulu yamehlo (i-ocular hypertension), izimo ezingalimaza umbono wakho uma zingelashwa.

Lo muthi usebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-glaucoma, unikeza indlela entsha yokuvikela umbono wakho. Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu ngohlelo lwakho lokwelapha.

Yini i-Netarsudil?

I-Netarsudil iyisidakamizwa samehlo se-ROCK inhibitor esinciphisa ingcindezi esweni lakho ngokuthuthukisa indlela uketshezi olukhipha ngayo. Cabanga ngayo njengokusiza uhlelo lwemvelo lokukhipha amanzi esweni lakho ukuthi lisebenze kahle, njengokususa ukungcola okuncane.

Lo muthi wagunyazwa yi-FDA ngo-2017 njengenketho yokwelapha kanye ngosuku. Ingaphansi ekilasini elisha lezidakamizwa ze-glaucoma, okusho ukuthi inikeza enye indlela yabantu abangazange basabele kahle ekwelashweni kwendabuko noma abadinga ukuncishiswa kwengcindezi okwengeziwe.

Uzothola ukuthi itholakala ngemiyalelo kadokotela kuphela, ngokuvamile emabhodleleni amancane aklanyelwe ukulinganisa okunembile. Uketshezi olucacile lwenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuba mnene esweni lakho ngenkathi linciphisa ingcindezi ngempumelelo.

Isetshenziselwa Ukuthini i-Netarsudil?

I-Netarsudil isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-open-angle glaucoma kanye ne-ocular hypertension kubantu abadala. Lezi zimo zenzeka lapho ingcindezi yakheka ngaphakathi kweso lakho, okungenzeka ilimaze imithambo yegazi ehlanganisa iso lakho nobuchopho bakho.

I-Open-angle glaucoma uhlobo oluvamile lwe-glaucoma, oluvame ukuthuthuka kancane ngaphandle kwezimpawu eziqaphelekayo ekuqaleni. Ingcindezi eyengeziwe ingalimaza kancane umbono wakho wangaphandle, yingakho ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozeni umbono wakho.

I-ocular hypertension isho ukuthi ukucindezela kweso lakho kuphakeme kunokujwayelekile kodwa akukabi kubangele umonakalo obonakalayo emthanjeni wakho we-optic. Udokotela wakho angase anikeze i-netarsudil ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singaqhubeki siye ku-glaucoma.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-netarsudil njengokwelashwa okwengeziwe uma amanye amaconsi esweni engalinciphisi ngokwanele ukucindezela kwakho. Ingasebenza kanye neminye imithi ye-glaucoma ukuhlinzeka ngokuqapha okungcono kokucindezela.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Netarsudil?

I-Netarsudil isebenza ngokugxila entweni ebizwa ngokuthi amaprotheni e-ROCK ohlelweni lokukhipha amanzi esweni lakho. Lawa maprotheni angenza izindlela zokukhipha amanzi ziqine, zinciphise ukuthi uketshezi lugeleza kahle kangakanani esweni lakho.

Ngokuvimba lawa maprotheni e-ROCK, i-netarsudil isiza ukuphumuza nokuvula iziteshi zokukhipha amanzi. Lokhu kuvumela uketshezi lwemvelo esweni lakho (olubizwa ngokuthi i-aqueous humor) ukuthi lugeleze kalula, kunciphise ukwakheka kokucindezela.

Umuthi futhi uthinta izicubu ezihambisana nalezi zindlela zokukhipha amanzi, uzenza zibe permeable kakhulu. Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili sisiza ukudala uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi olusebenza kahle esweni lakho.

Abantu abaningi baqaphela ukuncipha kokucindezela kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi, nomphumela ogcwele ngokuvamile ubonakala kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokusebenzisa njalo. Umuthi uthathwa njengomuthi oqinile ngokulinganisela, unikeza ukuncipha okukhulu kokucindezela ezigulini eziningi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Netarsudil?

I-Netarsudil ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kanye ngosuku kusihlwa, nethonsi elilodwa esweni ngalinye elithintekile. Ukuyithatha ngesikhathi sokulala kusiza ukunciphisa eminye imiphumela emibi futhi kuhambisana kahle nemikhuba yansuku zonke yabantu abaningi.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaconsi, geza izandla zakho kahle futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ithiphu le-dropper alithinti iso lakho noma enye indawo. Thambisa ikhanda lakho kancane, donsa phansi ijwabu lakho elingezansi ukuze udale iphokhethi elincane, bese ucindezela ngobumnene ithonsi elilodwa kule ndawo.

Ngemva kokufaka amaconsi, vala iso lakho ngobumnene bese ucindezela kancane ekhoneni elingaphakathi eduze nekhala lakho cishe iminithi elilodwa. Lokhu kusiza ekuvikeleni imithi ukuthi ingangeni emgodini wakho wezinyembezi futhi kunciphisa ithuba lemiphumela emibi.

Uma usebenzisa amanye amaconsi esweni, linda okungenani imizuzu emi-5 phakathi kwemithi ehlukene. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuthi angehlukanisi futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi ngayinye ingasebenza ngempumelelo.

Akudingeki ukuthi uthathe i-netarsudil nokudla noma ugweme ukudla ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa, ngoba ifakwa ngqo esweni lakho kunokuba ithathwe ngomlomo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Netarsudil?

I-Netarsudil ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside okudingeka uyiqhubeke uma nje udokotela wakho encoma. I-Glaucoma kanye ne-ocular hypertension yizimo ezingapheli ezidinga ukuqhubeka nokuphathwa ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Abantu abaningi badinga ukusebenzisa i-netarsudil unomphela ukuze bagcine ingcindezi yamehlo enempilo. Ukuyeka imithi ngokuvamile kubangela ukuthi ingcindezi yamehlo yakho ibuyele emazingeni angaphambilini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma emasontweni.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ingcindezi yamehlo akho njalo, ngokuvamile njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ekuqaleni, bese kuba njalo uma ingcindezi yakho izinzile. Bangase balungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokusekelwe ekutheni imithi isebenza kahle kangakanani kanye nanoma yimiphumela emibi oyitholayo.

Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukushintshela kwenye imithi noma balungise isimiso sabo sokulinganisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha. Ungalokothi uyeke ukusebenzisa i-netarsudil ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwamehlo kuqala.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi ye-Netarsudil?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-netarsudil ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ivame ukuba mnene futhi ithambekele ekuthuthukiseni njengoba amehlo akho ezivumela emithini.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ebikwa njalo ongase uyithole:

• Ukubomvu kweso noma isivalo samehlo (lokhu kuwumphumela ovamile)
• Imithambo yegazi emincane ephukile engxenyeni emhlophe yeso lakho
• Ubuhlungu beso noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi
• Ukubona okungacacile ngemva nje kokusebenzisa
• Ukuqina noma ukucasuka kweso
• Ukuvuvukala kwesivalo samehlo
• Umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okuthile esweni lakho

Le miphumela evamile ngokuvamile iyazinzisa emasontweni ambalwa njengoba amehlo akho ejwayela umuthi. Ukubomvu kuvame ukubukeka kuthusa kakhulu kunokuzizwa futhi ngokuvamile akubonisi noma iyiphi inkinga enkulu.

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa ebucayi kakhulu ingenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu beso obungathuthuki
• Ushintsho olukhulu lokubona noma ukulahlekelwa
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka kweso (ukwanda kokukhipha, ukubomvu okukhulu, umkhuhlane)
• Izinkinga ze-corneal (ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni, ubuhlungu obukhulu beso)
• Ukuphendula komzimba (ukuqubuka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo)

Ngokungavamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise amadiphozithi e-corneal noma izinguquko esakhiweni se-cornea. Udokotela wakho uzohlola lokhu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo akho okuvamile.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe i-Netarsudil?

I-Netarsudil ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzocabangela izici eziningana ngaphambi kokuyinika. Abanye abantu kufanele bagweme lo muthi ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha noma ukusebenza kahle okuncishisiwe.

Akufanele usebenzise i-netarsudil uma unenkinga yokungezwani nayo noma yiziphi izithako zayo. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zingase zihlanganise ukubomvu okukhulu, ukuvuvukala, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuqubuka ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zamehlo bangase badinge ukugwema i-netarsudil noma bayisebenzise ngokuqapha okwengeziwe:

• Izifo zamehlo ezisebenzayo noma ukuvuvukala
• I-syndrome yamehlo omile abukhali
• Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwakamuva noma ukulimala
• Ezinye izinhlobo ze-glaucoma (njenge-angle-closure glaucoma)
• Izinkinga ezinkulu ze-corneal

Ukuphepha kwe-netarsudil ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa akukatholakali ngokugcwele. Uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho.

Izingane nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala akufanele isebenzise i-netarsudil, njengoba ukuphepha nokusebenza kwayo kungakahlolwa kulolu hlu lweminyaka.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Netarsudil

I-Netarsudil itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Rhopressa e-United States. Lolu okwamanje ukuphela kwenguqulo yegama lomkhiqizo etholakalayo, njengoba umuthi usavikelwe ngamalungelo obunikazi.

I-Rhopressa iqukethe i-0.02% ye-netarsudil futhi iza ebhodleleni elingu-2.5 mL elenzelwe ukuhlala cishe inyanga eyodwa ngokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Ibhodlela linethiphu ekhethekile yokudonsa esiza ukuletha imithamo evumelana.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-netarsudil azikatholakali okwamanje, okusho ukuthi i-Rhopressa ivame ukubiza kakhulu kunezithako ezindala ze-glaucoma. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense ziyayihlanganisa, futhi umenzi unikeza izinhlelo zokusiza iziguli ngabantu abafanelekile.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Netarsudil

Uma i-netarsudil ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela emibi, imithi eminingi ehlukile ingasiza ekwehliseni ingcindezi yamehlo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthole inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile nomlando wezokwelapha.

Ama-analog we-Prostaglandin avame ukuba yinketho yokuqala yokwelashwa kwe-glaucoma futhi afaka imithi efana ne-latanoprost, travoprost, kanye ne-bimatoprost. Lezi zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile ku-netarsudil ngokwandisa ukukhipha uketshezi ngendlela ehlukile.

Ama-beta-blockers afana ne-timolol ne-betaxolol anciphisa inani lamanzi iso lakho elikhiqizayo. Lokhu kuyizindlela zokwelapha ezisungulwe kahle ezibekezelelwa abantu abaningi kahle, nakuba zingathinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula kwabanye abantu.

Ezinye izinketho zihlanganisa ama-alpha-agonists (njenge-brimonidine), ama-carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (njenge-dorzolamide), kanye nemithi ehlanganisiwe exuba izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zemithi ebhodleleni elilodwa.

Kubantu abangaphenduli kahle emaconsini esweni, izinketho zokuhlinzwa njengokwelashwa nge-laser noma ukuhlinzwa kwendabuko kungase kucatshangelwe. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwamehlo uzoxoxa ngalezi zindlela uma imithi inganikezi ukulawulwa okwanele kwengcindezi.

Ingabe i-Netarsudil Ingcono Kune-Latanoprost?

I-Netarsudil ne-latanoprost zombili ziyindlela yokwelapha i-glaucoma esebenzayo, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi zinezinhlobo ezihlukene zemiphumela emibi. Akukho noyedwa

Ingabe i-Netarsudil iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Netarsudil ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo ngoba isetshenziswa ngqo esweni futhi ayithathi lutho egazini. Ngokungafani neminye imithi ye-glaucoma, ngokuvamile ayithinti izinga lenhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi.

Noma kunjalo, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimo zenhliziyo onazo ngaphambi kokuqala i-netarsudil. Bangase bafune ukukuqapha eduze ekuqaleni, ikakhulu uma uthatha imithi eminingi.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngingena ngengozi ngisebenzisa i-Netarsudil eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi ufaka amaconsi angaphezu kwelilodwa esweni lakho, ungangeni ekuqineni. Geza iso lakho ngobumnene ngamanzi ahlanzekile noma isixazululo se-saline ukuze ususe imithi eningi. Ungase uhlangabezane nokubomvu okukhulu okwesikhashana noma ukucasuka.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi uma ukhathazekile ngokweqisa noma uma uhlangabezana nokungakhululeki okukhulu. Noma kunjalo, izinkinga ezingathi sína ezivela ekusebenziseni i-netarsudil eningi esweni lakho akunakwenzeka.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Netarsudil?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wakusihlwa, uwusebenzise ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese ubuyela esimisweni sakho esivamile.

Ungaphindi kabili imithamo ukuze ulungise okungaphuthelwanga, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha isikhumbuzi sansuku zonke noma ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lokulandelela imithi.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Netarsudil?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-netarsudil ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho. I-Glaucoma kanye ne-ocular hypertension yizimo ezingapheli ezivame ukudinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Udokotela wakho angase acabange ukuyeka noma ukushintsha imithi yakho uma umfutho wamehlo akho ulawulwa kahle, uma uthola imiphumela emibi engabekezeleleki, noma uma isimo sakho sishintsha. Bazoqapha umfutho wamehlo akho eduze ngesikhathi sokushintsha kokwelashwa.

Ngingazigqoka yini Izilensi Zokuxhumana Ngenkathi Ngisebenzisa i-Netarsudil?

Ungazigqoka izilensi zokuxhumana ngenkathi usebenzisa i-netarsudil, kodwa kuzodingeka uzisuse ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaconsi. Linda okungenani imizuzu eyi-15 ngemuva kokusebenzisa umuthi ngaphambi kokufaka izilensi zakho zokuxhumana.

Lesi sikhathi sokulinda sivumela umuthi ukuthi umuncwe futhi sivimbela izinto ezigcina umuthi emehlweni ukuthi zingamuncwa yizilensi zakho zokuxhumana, okungase kubangele ukucasuka noma ukulimala kwezilensi.