Yini i-Penicillamine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokunye

I-Penicillamine iyimithi kadokotela esiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ususe ithusi eliningi kanye neminye imithombo ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuthulisa amasosha omzimba aqinile. Ungase unikezwe lo muthi uma unesifo sikaWilson, i-rheumatoid arthritis, noma izimo ezithile zamatshe ezinso ezingaphendulanga kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Lo muthi ubelokhu usiza abantu ukuthi baphathe lezi zimo eziyinselele amashumi eminyaka. Ngenkathi idinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela, iziguli eziningi zithola ukukhululeka okukhulu lapho i-penicillamine ilungele isimo sabo.

Yini i-Penicillamine?

I-Penicillamine iyimithi ekhethekile esebenza njenge-ejenti ye-chelating kanye ne-immunosuppressant. I-ejenti ye-chelating empeleni isebenza njengozibuthe we-molecular, ibopha emithonjeni emzimbeni wakho ukuze ikwazi ukususwa ngokuphepha ngomchamo wakho.

Noma ngabe igama layo, i-penicillamine ayihlobene nama-antibiotics e-penicillin. Igama livela enqubweni yayo yokuqala yokutholwa, kodwa le mithi emibili isebenza ngokuphelele emzimbeni wakho.

Lo muthi ungowesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi imithi elungisa izifo ze-antirheumatic (DMARDs) uma isetshenziselwa i-arthritis. Ithathwa njengokwelashwa komugqa wesibili, okusho ukuthi odokotela bavame ukuzama ezinye izinketho kuqala ngaphambi kokuncoma i-penicillamine.

Isetshenziselwani i-Penicillamine?

I-Penicillamine iphatha izimo eziningana ezihlukile zezokwelapha, ngasinye sidinga izindlela ezihlukene nokuqashwa. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza uma okunye ukwelashwa kungazange kunikeze ukukhululeka okwanele noma uma unesimo esithile esiphendula kahle kakhulu kulo muthi.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu eziphathwa nge-penicillamine zifaka:

• Isifo sikaWilson: Isimo sezakhi zofuzo lapho ithusi liqongelela ngendlela eyingozi esibindini sakho, ebuchosheni bakho, nakwezinye izitho zomzimba
• I-Rheumatoid arthritis: Uma eminye imithi ingazange ikwazi ukulawula ukuvuvukala kwamalunga nokulimala
• I-Cystinuria: Isimo lapho amakristalu e-cystine akha amatshe ezinso ngokuphindaphindiwe
• Ubuthi bensimbi esindayo: Ikakhulukazi ekuchayekeni kothusi, umthofu, noma i-mercury

Ngokuvamile, odokotela bangase banikeze i-penicillamine ye-scleroderma, isifo sezicubu ezixhumene esibangela ukuqina kwesikhumba nezitho zomzimba. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kakhulu ngoba izinzuzo nezingozi zidinga ukuhlolwa okucophelelayo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Penicillamine?

I-Penicillamine isebenza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi yisiphi isimo osilaphayo. Ezimweni ezihlobene nensimbi njengesifo sikaWilson, ibopha ithusi eliningi ezicutshini zakho futhi isize izinso zakho ukuthi zilikhiphe ngomchamo.

Lapho welapha i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-penicillamine iguqula ukusebenza komzimba wakho wokuzivikela. Inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibody athile nezinto ezivuthayo ezihlasela amalunga akho, nakuba inqubo eqondile ingaqondakali ngokuphelele.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengomuthi onamandla ngokulinganisela onemiphumela ebalulekile emzimbeni wakho. Akuyona indlela esheshayo - ngokuvamile uzodinga ukuwuthatha izinyanga eziningana ngaphambi kokuzwa izinzuzo eziphelele, ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni kwe-arthritis.

Ngingayithatha Kanjani I-Penicillamine?

Ukuwuthatha kahle i-penicillamine kubalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekuvikelekeni. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, kodwa kuneziqondiso ezithile ezisebenza kuwo wonke umuntu.

Njalo thatha i-penicillamine esiswini esingenalutho, okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla noma amahora amabili ngemva kokudla. Ukudla kunciphisa kakhulu ukuthi umzimba wakho umunca kangakanani umuthi, okungenza ukwelashwa kungasebenzi kahle.

Nansi indlela yokuthatha imithi yakho ngendlela efanele:

• Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele
• Hlukanisa imithamo ngokulinganayo usuku lonke uma uthatha izikhathi eziningi ngosuku
• Gwema ubisi, ama-antacid, izithasiselo zensimbi, noma izithasiselo ze-zinc kungakapheli amahora angu-2 womthamo wakho
• Thatha imithi yakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo

Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nomuthi wakho mayelana nokuthi okuqukethwe kungaxutshwa yini nokudla. Ungalokothi wenze lesi sinqumo wedwa, ngoba singathinta indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo.

Kufanele ngiyithathe isikhathi esingakanani i-Penicillamine?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-penicillamine buhlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Ngesifo sikaWilson, ngokuvamile uzodinga ukwelashwa impilo yakho yonke ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka kwethusi ukuthi kubuye.

Ukwelashwa kwe-rheumatoid arthritis ngokuvamile kudinga okungenani izinyanga eziyi-6 ngaphambi kokuthi ukwazi ukwahlulela ukuthi umuthi uyasiza yini. Abantu abaningi baqhubeka bewuthatha iminyaka eminingi uma ulawula izimpawu zabo ngempumelelo futhi bekwazi ukumelana nawo kahle.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi kufanele uqhubeke yini nokwelashwa. Bazocabangela izinto ezinjengokuthi izimpawu zakho zilawulwa kahle kangakanani, noma yimaphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo, nemiphumela evela ekuhlolweni kwegazi okuvamile nokunye ukuqapha.

Yini Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Penicillamine?

I-Penicillamine ingabangela uhla lwemiphumela emibi, kusukela ezimweni ezilula neziphathekayo kuya ezimweni ezinzima ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uphephile ngenkathi uthola izinzuzo zokwelashwa.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Isicanucanu nokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala
• Ushintsho ekunambithekeni (ukunambitheka kwensimbi noma ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka)
• Amaqhuma esikhumba noma ukuluma
• Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla okuhlanganisa isifo sohudo noma ubuhlungu besisu
• Izilonda zomlomo noma izilonda

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba, izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwegazi njengokulimala okungavamile noma ukuphuma kwegazi, umkhuhlane oqhubekayo, noma izinkinga zezinso eziboniswa izinguquko ekuchameni.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuhlanganisa izimo ze-autoimmune ezifana ne-lupus-like syndrome noma izifo zokukhathala kwemisipha. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha ngokucophelela ngezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile ukuze abambe lezi zinto zisasekuqaleni.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Penicillamine?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-penicillamine ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga ezinzima. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-penicillamine uma:

• Uke waba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba ku-penicillamine esikhathini esidlule
• Ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa
• Unesifo esibi sezinso noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Unomlando wokuphazamiseka kwegazi njenge-aplastic anemia
• Njengamanje uthatha ama-gold compounds ukuze welashwe i-arthritis

Abantu abane-lupus, i-myasthenia gravis, noma ezinye izimo ze-autoimmune badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Nakuba i-penicillamine ingavunyelwe ngokuphelele, izingozi nezinzuzo zidinga ukuhlolwa okucophelelayo.

Uma uncelisa, xoxa ngezindlela ezingezinye nodokotela wakho. Inani elincane le-penicillamine lingadlulela obisini lwebele futhi lingase lithinte ingane yakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Penicillamine

I-Penicillamine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Cuprimine ne-Depen iyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ukunconywa e-United States. Lezi ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo kodwa zingase zibe nezithako ezingasebenzi ezihlukene noma amafomula e-capsule.

Ikhemisi lakho lingase lishintshe phakathi kwemikhiqizo ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ebhala ngokuqondile ukuthi "akukho ukushintshwa" emiyalweni yakho. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko endleleni ozizwa ngayo ngemva kokushintsha imikhiqizo, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-penicillamine nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinketho ezinamagama. Umehluko omkhulu ngokuvamile intengo, nakuba abanye abantu bethola ukuthi bayakwazi ukubekezelela ifomula eyodwa kangcono kunabanye.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Penicillamine

Kunezindlela eziningi ze-penicillamine, nakuba ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ngokuphelele esimweni sakho esithile kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela lezi zinketho uma i-penicillamine ingakulungele noma uma uthola imiphumela engemihle engabekezeleleki.

Ngesifo sikaWilson, i-trientine iyinye i-ejenti ye-chelating esebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-penicillamine. I-Zinc acetate inikeza indlela ehlukile ngokuvimbela ukumuncwa kwethusi kunokukhipha ithusi elikhona.

I-Rheumatoid arthritis inezinketho eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo namuhla. I-Methotrexate, i-sulfasalazine, kanye nemithi emisha ye-biologic ngokuvamile inikeza imiphumela engcono enemiphumela emincane engemihle kune-penicillamine.

Ngamatshe ezinso abangelwa yi-cystinuria, ukwandisa ukuthatha uketshezi kanye nezinguquko zokudla yizona zindlela zokuqala. Uma imithi idingeka, i-tiopronin isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-penicillamine kodwa ingase ibangele imiphumela emincane engemihle.

Ingabe i-Penicillamine Ingcono Kune-Methotrexate?

I-Penicillamine ne-methotrexate zifeza izindima ezihlukene ekwelapheni i-rheumatoid arthritis, okwenza ukuqhathanisa okuqondile kube yinselele. I-Methotrexate ngokuvamile iyimithi yokuqala yokukhetha i-rheumatoid arthritis ngoba isebenza kahle kubantu abaningi futhi ineprofile yemiphumela engemihle elindelekile.

I-Penicillamine ngokuvamile igcinelwa izimo lapho i-methotrexate kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha zokuqala zingasebenzanga ngokwanele. Akudingeki ukuthi ibe ngcono noma ibe yimbi - imane nje iyithuluzi elihlukile elisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene emzimbeni wakho.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo lwakho oluthile lwe-arthritis, ezinye izimo zempilo onazo, imithi osuvele uyithatha, nokuthi usabele kanjani ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini.

Udokotela wakho we-rheumatologist uzokusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi imuphi umuthi onikeza inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yokusebenza kahle nokuphepha esimweni sakho esithile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Penicillamine

Ingabe i-Penicillamine iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Penicillamine ngokuvamile ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukuqapha okucophelelayo. Umuthi awuthinti ngqo inhliziyo yakho, kodwa eminye imiphumela engavamile efana nezimo ze-autoimmune ingase ithinte ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukwazi nganoma yiziphi izimo zenhliziyo ngaphambi kokukuyala i-penicillamine. Bangase batusa ukuhlolwa okuvame kakhulu noma izivivinyo ezithile ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi impilo yakho yenhliziyo ihlala izinzile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuzile i-Penicillamine eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza i-penicillamine eningi kunaleyo oyalelwe yona, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi ngabe uba nezimpawu, njengoba ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kuhlala kungcono.

Ngesikhathi ulindele iseluleko sezokwelapha, ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma uyalelwe ngqo ukuthi wenze njalo. Gcina ibhodlela lomuthi nawe ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi yini nokuthi ungakanani okuthathile.

Izimpawu zokweqisa zingase zihlanganise isicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, ukudideka, noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile. Nokho, noma ngabe uzizwa ulungile, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kusabalulekile ngemva kokuthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Penicillamine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-penicillamine, uyithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, kodwa kuphela uma sekudlule amahora angaphansi kwangu-4 kusukela ngesikhathi sakho esihleliwe. Uma sekudlule isikhathi eside, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungase kwandise ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezengeziwe.

Uma ukhohlwa njalo imithamo, cabangela ukusetha ama-alamu ocingweni noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi. Ukuthatha imithi njalo kubalulekile ukuze i-penicillamine isebenze ngempumelelo nangokuphepha.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Penicillamine?

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-penicillamine kungazelelwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ngesifo sikaWilson, ukuyeka ukwelashwa kungavumela ukwakheka okuyingozi kobhethini ukuthi kubuye ngokushesha, okungase kubangele izinkinga ezinzima.

Nge-rheumatoid arthritis, udokotela wakho angase anciphise kancane umthamo wakho uma isimo sakho besizinzile isikhathi eside. Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi ukunciphisa, isiza ekuvikeleni ukuqubuka kwe-arthritis ngenkathi kunqunywa ukuthi usayidinga yini imithi.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezifana nokuthi usuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-penicillamine, ukuthi ilawula kahle kangakanani isimo sakho, nokuthi ngabe yiziphi izinto ezingezinhle eziqala ukuba yinkinga. Lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubambisana nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Penicillamine?

Ukuphuza utshwala ngokulinganisela kuvamile ukwamukeleka ngenkathi uthatha i-penicillamine, kodwa kuhle ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. Utshwala abuhlangani ngqo ne-penicillamine, kodwa kokubili kungase kuthinte isibindi sakho nezinso.

Uma unesifo sikaWilson, isibindi sakho singase sibe sesivele sibhekene nomonakalo ohlobene nobhethini, okwenza ukuthi sizwele kakhulu emiphumeleni yotshwala. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukukhawulela noma ukugwema utshwala ngokuphelele kulesi simo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-rheumatoid arthritis, ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile ngokomphakathi kuvame ukuba kuhle, kodwa ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kungaphazamisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokucubungula imithi ngokuphepha.