What is Laser Resurfacing? Purpose, Procedure & Results

Laser resurfacing is a cosmetic treatment that uses focused light beams to remove damaged skin layers and stimulate new, healthier skin growth. Think of it as a precise way to help your skin renew itself, addressing concerns like wrinkles, scars, sun damage, and uneven texture.

This procedure has become increasingly popular because it can significantly improve skin appearance with relatively predictable results. Many people find it helpful for addressing signs of aging or skin damage that topical treatments haven't been able to fix.

What is laser resurfacing?

Laser resurfacing works by delivering controlled energy to your skin in the form of light beams. These beams either remove thin layers of damaged skin or heat the deeper layers to promote collagen production.

There are two main types you should know about. Ablative lasers actually remove the outer skin layers, while non-ablative lasers work beneath the surface without removing skin. Your dermatologist will choose the right type based on your skin concerns and how much downtime you can handle.

The treatment essentially tricks your skin into healing itself. As your skin repairs from the controlled damage, it produces fresh, smoother skin with improved texture and tone.

Why is laser resurfacing done?

People choose laser resurfacing to address various skin concerns that develop over time. The most common reasons include reducing fine lines, improving skin texture, and minimizing the appearance of scars.

This treatment can be particularly helpful if you're dealing with sun damage, age spots, or melasma. Many patients also seek it out for acne scars that haven't responded well to other treatments.

Beyond cosmetic reasons, some people find that laser resurfacing helps with certain skin conditions like seborrheic keratoses or some types of precancerous lesions. Your dermatologist can evaluate whether your specific concerns would benefit from this approach.

What is the procedure for laser resurfacing?

The actual procedure typically takes 30 minutes to two hours, depending on the size of the treatment area. Your doctor will start by thoroughly cleaning your skin and may apply a topical numbing cream about an hour before treatment.

During the procedure, you'll wear protective eyewear while your doctor moves the laser device across your skin in a systematic pattern. You might feel sensations ranging from mild tingling to more noticeable heat, depending on the laser type and your pain tolerance.

Here's what generally happens during your session:

• Your skin is cleaned and prepped
• Pain management is applied (topical anesthetic or cooling device)
• The laser is calibrated for your specific skin type and concerns
• Treatment is delivered in overlapping passes
• Cooling measures are applied immediately after
• Protective ointment and bandages may be applied

Most people can return home the same day, though you'll need someone to drive you if you received any sedation.

How to prepare for your laser resurfacing?

Preparation usually begins about two to four weeks before your treatment. Your doctor will likely recommend avoiding sun exposure and may prescribe tretinoin or other medications to help your skin heal better afterward.

You'll need to stop using certain skincare products that can make your skin more sensitive. This includes retinoids, glycolic acid, and some acne medications.

Here are the key preparation steps your doctor might recommend:

• Stop using retinoids and exfoliating acids 1-2 weeks before treatment
• Avoid sun exposure and use broad-spectrum sunscreen daily
• Stay well-hydrated in the days leading up to treatment
• Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure
• Stock up on gentle, fragrance-free skincare products for recovery
• Consider starting antiviral medication if you have a history of cold sores

Following these steps carefully can help ensure better results and reduce your risk of complications.

How to read your laser resurfacing results?

Results from laser resurfacing develop gradually over several weeks to months. You'll notice immediate changes, but the full benefits take time to appear as your skin heals and produces new collagen.

In the first few days, you can expect your skin to look red and feel somewhat raw, similar to a sunburn. This is completely normal and indicates that the treatment is working as intended.

Here's what to expect during your healing timeline:

• Days 1-3: Redness, swelling, and possible oozing
• Days 4-7: Skin begins to peel and flake off
• Weeks 2-4: Pink or red color gradually fades
• Months 2-6: Continued improvement in texture and tone
• Months 6-12: Final results become apparent

Most patients see significant improvement in their treated concerns, though results vary based on skin type, age, and the specific issues being addressed.

How to optimize your laser resurfacing results?

Taking excellent care of your skin after treatment is crucial for achieving the best possible results. Your aftercare routine will directly impact both your healing and your final outcome.

The most important thing you can do is keep your skin moist and protected from the sun. Your doctor will provide specific instructions, but gentle cleansing and frequent moisturizing are typically key components.

Here are essential steps for optimal healing:

• Keep treated areas clean with gentle, fragrance-free cleansers
• Apply prescribed ointments or moisturizers as directed
• Avoid picking at peeling or flaking skin
• Use broad-spectrum sunscreen religiously once healed
• Stay hydrated and eat a healthy diet to support healing
• Avoid harsh skincare products until your doctor clears you

Following these guidelines consistently will help ensure your skin heals properly and you achieve the smoothest, most even results possible.

What are the risk factors for laser resurfacing complications?

While laser resurfacing is generally safe when performed by qualified professionals, certain factors can increase your risk of complications. Understanding these helps you and your doctor make the best decision for your situation.

Your skin type and medical history play significant roles in determining your risk level. People with darker skin tones may have a higher risk of pigmentation changes, while those with certain medical conditions may heal more slowly.

Common risk factors include:

• Darker skin tones (increased risk of pigmentation changes)
• History of keloid or hypertrophic scarring
• Active acne or recent isotretinoin use
• Autoimmune conditions that affect healing
• History of cold sores or herpes simplex
• Recent sun exposure or tanning
• Unrealistic expectations about results

Your doctor will carefully evaluate these factors during your consultation to determine if laser resurfacing is appropriate for you.

Is ablative or non-ablative laser resurfacing better?

The choice between ablative and non-ablative laser resurfacing depends on your specific goals, skin concerns, and how much downtime you can manage. Neither is universally "better" – they serve different purposes.

Ablative lasers remove the outer skin layers and typically provide more dramatic results for deeper wrinkles and scars. However, they require more recovery time and carry slightly higher risks.

Non-ablative lasers work beneath the surface without removing skin, offering gentler treatment with less downtime. They're often better for people with busy schedules or those seeking subtle improvements.

What are the possible complications of laser resurfacing?

Most people experience only minor, temporary side effects from laser resurfacing. However, it's important to understand both common and rare complications so you can make an informed decision.

The most common issues are temporary and resolve as your skin heals. These include redness, swelling, and some discomfort – all normal parts of the healing process.

Common temporary complications include:

• Redness and swelling lasting several days to weeks
• Itching and burning sensations during healing
• Temporary changes in skin pigmentation
• Mild scarring in rare cases
• Reactivation of cold sores if you're prone to them

More serious complications are uncommon but can include permanent pigmentation changes, significant scarring, or infection. Choosing an experienced practitioner greatly reduces these risks.

Rare but serious complications may include:

• Permanent hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation
• Significant scarring requiring additional treatment
• Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections
• Prolonged healing lasting months
• Ectropion (pulling down of the eyelid) if treating around eyes

These serious complications are extremely rare when treatment is performed by qualified professionals, but discussing them with your doctor helps ensure you understand all potential outcomes.

When should I see a doctor for laser resurfacing concerns?

You should contact your doctor if you experience any signs of infection or abnormal healing during your recovery. While some discomfort and redness are expected, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention.

Most healing progresses predictably, but everyone's skin responds differently. Trust your instincts – if something feels wrong or different from what your doctor described, it's always better to check in.

Contact your doctor immediately if you notice:

• Increasing pain, redness, or swelling after the first few days
• Pus, unusual discharge, or signs of infection
• Fever or chills
• Blistering or severe peeling
• Areas that aren't healing as expected
• Severe itching that interferes with sleep

Early intervention can prevent minor issues from becoming more serious problems, so don't hesitate to reach out with concerns.