Hepatitis Autoimmune

Tha hepatitas autoimmune na ghalar grùthan a tha a’ tachairt nuair a bhios siostam dìon a’ chuirp a’ toirt ionnsaigh air a’ ghrùthan. Dh’fhaodadh seo sèid, irioslachd agus milleadh don ghrùthan adh’ adhbhrachadh. Chan eil adhbhar cinnteach hepatitas autoimmune soilleir, ach tha e coltach gu bheil factaran ginteil agus àrainneachdail a’ conaltradh thar ùine gus an galar a bhrosnachadh. Dh’fhaodadh hepatitas autoimmune nach eil air a làimhseachadh leantainn gu sgaradh-chraicinn air a’ ghrùthan, ris an canar cirrhosis. Dh’fhaodadh e cuideachd leantainn gu fàilligeadh grùthan mu dheireadh. Nuair a tha e air a dhearbhadh agus air a làimhseachadh tràth, ge-tà, faodar hepatitas autoimmune gu tric a chumail fo smachd le leigheasan a chuireas bacadh air an t-siostam dìon. Dh’fhaodadh tar-chuir grùthan a bhith na roghainn nuair nach eil hepatitas autoimmune a’ freagairt ri leigheasan no nuair a bhios galar grùthan a’ fàs adhartach.

Tha comharraidhean hepatitas autoimmune ag atharrachadh bho dhuine gu duine agus is dòcha gun tig iad air adhart gu h-obann. Tha beagan dhuilgheadasan aithnichte aig cuid de dhaoine, ma tha gin sam bith, anns na ciad ìrean den ghalar, fhad ‘s a tha daoine eile a’ faighinn eòlas air comharraidhean a dh’ fhaodadh a bhith a’ toirt a-steach: Làn-ghluasad. mì-chofhurtachd stamag. Buidheachadh a’ chraicinn agus gealagan nan sùilean, ris an canar buidheachd. A rèir dath a’ chraicinn, dh’ fhaodadh an atharrachadh seo a bhith nas duilghe no nas fhasa fhaicinn. Grùthan leudaichte. Soithichean fala neo-riaghailteach air a’ chraiceann, ris an canar angiomas damhain-allaidh. Sgrìoban craicinn. Pian co-phàirteach. Call de dh’ ùine mìosail. Dèan coinneamh le proifeasanta cùram slàinte ma tha comharraidhean sam bith agad a tha gad chuideachadh.

Dèan coinneamh le proifeiseantaich cùram slàinte ma tha comharraidhean sam bith agad a tha a’ cur dragh ort.

Tha hepatitas autoimmune a’ tachairt nuair a bhios siostam dìon a’ chuirp, a bhios mar as trice a’ toirt ionnsaigh air bhìorasan, bacteria agus adhbharan eile de ghalar, a’ toirt ionnsaigh air an grùthan na àite. Faodaidh an ionnsaigh seo air a’ ghrùthan leantainn gu sèid fhada agus milleadh dona air ceallan a’ ghrùthan. Chan eil e soilleir carson a bhios a’ bhodhaig a’ tionndadh an aghaidh fhèin, ach tha luchd-rannsachaidh den bheachd gum faodadh hepatitas autoimmune a bhith air adhbhrachadh leis an eadar-obrachadh eadar gèintean a tha a’ cumail smachd air gnìomh an t-siostam dìon agus nochdadh do bhìorasan no cungaidhean.

Tha eòlaichean air dà phrìomh sheòrsa de hepatitas autoimmune a chomharrachadh.

• Hepatitas autoimmune Seòrsa 1. Is e seo an seòrsa as cumanta den ghalar. Faodaidh e tachairt aig aois sam bith. Tha timcheall air leth de na daoine aig a bheil hepatitas autoimmune Seòrsa 1 a’ fulang le eas-òrdughan autoimmune eile, leithid galar celiac, airthritis reumatoid no colitis ulcerative.
• Hepatitas autoimmune Seòrsa 2. Ged a dh’ fhaodas inbhich hepatitas autoimmune Seòrsa 2 a leasachadh, tha e as cumanta ann an clann is daoine òga. Faodaidh galairean autoimmune eile a bhith an cois a’ sheòrsa seo de hepatitas autoimmune.

Uidheaman a dh’fhaodadh an cunnart agad bho hepatitas autoimmune àrdachadh a’ toirt a-steach:

• A bhith boireann. Ged a dh’fhaodas fireannaich is boireannaich le chèile hepatitas autoimmune a leasachadh, tha an galar nas cumanta ann am boireannaich.
• Gineataigs. Tha fianais ann a’ moladh gum faodadh ro-innleachd gu hepatitas autoimmune a bhith ann am teaghlaichean.
• Galar autoimmune a bhith ort. Dh’fhaodadh daoine aig a bheil galar autoimmune mu thràth, leithid galar coeliac, airthritis reumatoid no hyperthyroidism (galar Graves no thyroiditis Hashimoto), a bhith nas buailtiche hepatitas autoimmune a leasachadh.

'Is e fìor-fhàireagan esophageal soithichean leudaichte san esophagus a th’annta. Gu tric, is ann air sgàth sruth fala bacadh tron bhìob portal a th’annta, a ghiùlainn fala bhon bhroinn gu an grùthan.\n\nDh’fhaodadh hepatitas autoimmune nach eil air a làimhseachadh sgaradh maireannach de fhilleadh grùthan adhbhrachadh, ris an canar cirrhosis. Am measg duilgheadasan cirrhosis tha:\n\n- Soithichean leudaichte san esophagus, ris an canar fìor-fhàireagan esophageal. Tha am bìob portal a’ giùlain fala bhon bhroinn gu an grùthan. Nuair a tha cuairteachadh tron bhìob portal air a bhacadh, dh’fhaodadh fala ath-chuairteachadh a-steach do shoithichean fala eile, sa mhòr-chuid an fheadhainn sa stamag agus san esophagus.\n\nTha ballachan tana aig na soithichean fala sin. Agus leis gu bheil iad air an lìonadh le barrachd fala na bu chòir dhaibh giùlain, tha e coltach gun cuir iad fuil. Tha fuil mhòr san esophagus no sa stamag bho na soithichean fala sin na èiginn a tha a’ bagairt beatha a dh’ fheumas cùram meidigeach sa bhad.\n- Lionntan sa bhroinn, ris an canar ascites (uh-SY-teez). Dh’fhaodadh tinneas grùthan meudan mòra lionntan a chruinneachadh sa bhroinn. Dh’fhaodadh ascites a bhith mì-chofhurtail agus dh’fhaodadh e bacadh a chur air anail. Mar as trice, is e comharra de cirrhosis adhartach a th’ ann.\n- Fàilligeadh grùthan. Tha fàilligeadh grùthan a’ tachairt nuair a tha milleadh farsaing air ceallan grùthan a’ dèanamh nach eil e comasach don grùthan obrachadh gu math. Aig an ìre seo, feumar tar-chuir grùthan.\n- Ailse grùthan. Tha cunnart nas àirde aig daoine le cirrhosis airson aillse grùthan.\n\nSoithichean leudaichte san esophagus, ris an canar fìor-fhàireagan esophageal. Tha am bìob portal a’ giùlain fala bhon bhroinn gu an grùthan. Nuair a tha cuairteachadh tron bhìob portal air a bhacadh, dh’fhaodadh fala ath-chuairteachadh a-steach do shoithichean fala eile, sa mhòr-chuid an fheadhainn sa stamag agus san esophagus.\n\nTha ballachan tana aig na soithichean fala sin. Agus leis gu bheil iad air an lìonadh le barrachd fala na bu chòir dhaibh giùlain, tha e coltach gun cuir iad fuil. Tha fuil mhòr san esophagus no sa stamag bho na soithichean fala sin na èiginn a tha a’ bagairt beatha a dh’ fheumas cùram meidigeach sa bhad.'

Is biopsy grùthan modh-obrach airson sampall beag de fhàth grùthan a thoirt air falbh airson deuchainn ann an deuchainn-lann. Bithear a’ dèanamh biopsy grùthan gu cumanta le snàthainn tana a chur tron chraiceann agus a-steach don grùthan.\n\nTha na deuchainnean agus na modhan-obrach a thathas a’ cleachdadh airson hepatitis fèin-dìonach a dhearbhadh a’ toirt a-steach:\n\n- Deuchainnean fala. 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Is e amas làimhseachaidh airson hepatitis fèin-dìonach an ionnsaigh a tha an siostam dìonach a’ dèanamh air an grùthan a shlaodadh no a stad. Dh’fhaodadh seo cuideachadh le bhith a’ meudachadh an ùine mus fàs a’ ghalair nas miosa. Gus an amas seo a choileanadh, bidh feum agad gu bhith cinnteach air leigheasan a lughdaicheas gnìomhachd an t-siostam dìonach. Is e prednisone mar as trice a’ chiad làimhseachadh. Dh’fhaodadh leigheas eile, azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran), a bhith air a mholadh a bharrachd air prednisone. Faodaidh prednisone, gu h-àraid nuair a thèid a ghabhail airson ùine mhòr, raon farsaing de bhuaidhean taobh dona adhbhrachadh, a’ gabhail a-steach tinneas an t-siùcair, cnàmhan lag no briste, bruthadh-fala àrd, cataracts, glaucoma, agus cosnadh cuideim. Mar as trice bidh proifeiseantaich cùram slàinte a’ òrdachadh prednisone ann an dòs àrd airson timcheall air a’ chiad mìos de làimhseachadh. An uairsin, gus an cunnart bhuaidhean taobh a lughdachadh, bidh iad a’ lughdachadh an dòs mean air mhean thar nan beagan mhìosan a tha romhainn gus an ruig iad an dòs as ìsle a tha comasach a tha a’ cumail smachd air a’ ghalair. Bidh azathioprine a chur ris a’ cuideachadh cuideachd le bhith a’ seachnadh buaidhean taobh prednisone. Ged a dh’fhaodadh tu fois fhaighinn beagan bhliadhnaichean às deidh dhut tòiseachadh air làimhseachadh, bidh a’ ghalair gu tric a’ tilleadh ma thèid an druga a leigeil seachad. A rèir do shuidheachadh, is dòcha gum bi feum agad air làimhseachadh fad-beatha.Transplant grùthan Nuair nach stad leigheasan a’ ghalair bho bhith a’ fàs nas miosa no ma gheibh thu sgaradh nach gabh a thionndadh air ais — ris an canar cirrhosis — no fàilligeadh grùthan, is e an roghainn a tha air fhàgail transplant grùthan. Rè transplant grùthan, thèid do ghrùthan tinneasach a thoirt air falbh agus a chur na àite le grùthan fallain bho neach-tabhartais. Bidh transplants grùthan mar as trice a’ cleachdadh grùthan bho luchd-tabhartais organ a chaochail. Ann an cuid de chùisean, faodar transplant grùthan bho neach-tabhartais beò a chleachdadh. Rè transplant grùthan bho neach-tabhartais beò, gheibh thu dìreach pàirt de ghrùthan fallain bho neach-tabhartais beò. Bidh an dà ghrùthan a’ tòiseachadh a’ gineadh ceallan ùra cha mhòr sa bhad. Barrachd fiosrachaidh Transplant grùthan Iarr coinneamh