Neuropathy Na Autonomic

Neuropathy na autonomic yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka samu lalacewa ga jijiyoyin da ke sarrafa ayyukan jiki ta atomatik. Zai iya shafar matsin lamba na jini, sarrafa zafin jiki, narkewar abinci, aikin fitsari, har ma da aikin jima'i.

Lalacewar jijiya tana shafar sakonnin da aka aika tsakanin kwakwalwa da sauran gabobin jiki da yankunan tsarin jijiyoyin jiki na autonomic. Wadannan yankunan sun hada da zuciya, jijiyoyin jini da kuma glandon gumi.

Ciwon suga shine babban dalilin neuropathy na autonomic. Hakanan yana iya faruwa ne saboda wasu yanayin lafiya, kamuwa da cututtuka na kwayar cutar ko na kwayoyin cuta, ko kuma wasu magunguna. Alamomi da kuma magani sun bambanta dangane da jijiyoyin da suka lalace.

Alamun da kuma bayyanar cututtukan neuropathy na autonomic ya dogara da irin jijiyoyin da suka lalace. Su na iya haɗawa da:

• Zawarci da suma lokacin tsaye, wanda aka haifar da raguwar jini a jiki ba zato ba tsammani.
• Matsalar fitsari, kamar wahalar fara fitsari, rashin ikon sarrafa fitsari, wahalar gane cewa fitsari ya cika, da rashin iya fitar da fitsari gaba ɗaya. Rashin iya fitar da fitsari gaba ɗaya na iya haifar da kamuwa da cututtukan hanyoyin fitsari.
• Matsalar jima'i, kamar wahalar samun ko riƙe tsayin al'aura (rashin aiki na al'aura) ko matsaloli a lokacin fitar da maniyyi. Ga mata, matsalolin sun haɗa da bushewar farji, karancin sha'awar jima'i da wahalar kaiwa ga kamala.
• Wahalar narkewar abinci, kamar jin cika bayan cin abinci kaɗan, rashin ci, gudawa, taurin haka, kumburi na ciki, tashin zuciya, amai, wahalar haɗiye da ƙonewar zuciya. Wadannan matsalolin duk sun samo asali ne daga canjin aikin narkewar abinci.
• Rashin iya gane karancin sukari a jini (hypoglycemia), saboda ba a samun alamomin gargaɗi, kamar rawar jiki.
• Matsalar zufa, kamar yawan zufa ko karancin zufa. Wadannan matsalolin suna shafar ikon sarrafa zafin jiki.
• Jinkirin amsawar ɗalibin ido, wanda ke sa wahalar daidaita daga haske zuwa duhu da ganin kyau lokacin tuƙi a dare.
• Rashin jurewa motsa jiki, wanda zai iya faruwa idan bugun zuciyarku ya kasance iri ɗaya maimakon daidaitawa da matakin aikin ku.

Nemi kulawar likita da wuri idan ka fara samun wasu daga cikin alamomin cutar autonomic neuropathy, musamman idan kana da ciwon suga wanda ba a kula da shi sosai ba.

Idan kana da ciwon suga irin na 2, kungiyar American Diabetes Association ta bada shawarar gwajin autonomic neuropathy a kowace shekara tun daga lokacin da aka gano maka cutar. Ga mutanen da ke da ciwon suga irin na 1, kungiyar ta bada shawarar gwajin a kowace shekara bayan shekaru biyar da aka gano cutar.

Matsalolin lafiya da yawa na iya haifar da neuropathy na autonomic. Hakanan yana iya zama sakamakon magunguna don wasu cututtuka, kamar kansa. Wasu daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da neuropathy na autonomic sun hada da:

• Ciwon suga, musamman lokacin da ba a kula da shi ba, shine babban dalilin neuropathy na autonomic. Ciwon suga na iya haifar da lalacewar jijiyoyi a jiki a hankali.
• Ginin furotin mara kyau a cikin gabobin jiki (amyloidosis), wanda ke shafar gabobin jiki da tsarin jijiyoyi.
• Cututtukan autoimmune, inda tsarin garkuwar jikinka ke kai hari da lalata sassan jikinka, ciki har da jijiyoyinka. Misalan sun hada da cutar Sjogren, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis da kuma cutar celiac. Cutar Guillain-Barre cuta ce ta autoimmune da ke faruwa da sauri kuma na iya shafar jijiyoyin autonomic.

Neuropathy na autonomic kuma na iya faruwa ne sakamakon kai hari daga tsarin garkuwar jiki wanda wasu cututtukan kansa suka haifar (paraneoplastic syndrome).

• Wasu magunguna, ciki har da wasu magunguna da ake amfani da su wajen maganin kansa (chemotherapy).
• Wasu kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar kwayar cutar immunodeficiency ta mutum (HIV) da kuma wadanda ke haifar da cutar botulism da kuma cutar Lyme.
• Wasu cututtukan da aka gada kuma na iya haifar da neuropathy na autonomic.

Abubuwan da zasu iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar autonomic neuropathy sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon suga. Ciwon suga, musamman lokacin da ba a kula da shi ba, yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar autonomic neuropathy da sauran lalacewar jijiyoyi. Kuna da haɗari sosai idan kuna da wahalar sarrafa sukari a jinin ku.
• Sauran cututtuka. Wasu yanayin lafiya, ciki har da amyloidosis, porphyria da hypothyroidism, zasu iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar autonomic neuropathy. Haka kuma cutar kansa, yawanci saboda illolin magani.

Wasu cututtuka na gado da ke sa ka kamu da cutar neuropathy na autonomic ba za a iya hana su ba. Amma za ka iya rage yawan kamuwa da cutar ko kuma rage yaduwarta ta hanyar kula da lafiyarka da kuma kula da cututtukanka. Don sarrafa cututtuka da yanayi, bi shawarar likitanku game da rayuwa mai kyau. Wannan shawarar na iya haɗawa da waɗannan shawarwari:

• Kula da sukarkarinka idan kana da ciwon suga.
• Ka guji shan barasa da shan taba.
• Ka sami magani mai dacewa idan kana da cutar autoimmune.
• Ɗauki matakai don hana ko sarrafa hawan jini.
• Kai ga samun nauyi mai kyau kuma ka kiyaye shi.
• Yi motsa jiki akai-akai.

Neuropathy na autonomic shine matsala da za ta iya tasowa daga wasu cututtuka. Gwaje-gwajen da za ku yi sun dogara ne akan alamomin da kuke da su da abubuwan da ke kara hadarin kamuwa da neuropathy na autonomic.

Idan kuna da ciwon suga ko wata cuta da ke kara hadarin kamuwa da neuropathy na autonomic kuma kuna da alamomin neuropathy, likitan ku zai yi muku jarrabawar jiki kuma ya tambaye ku game da alamomin da kuke da su.

Idan kuna shan magani na cutar kansa wanda aka sani yana iya lalata jijiyoyi, likitan ku zai bincika alamun neuropathy.

Idan kuna da alamomin neuropathy na autonomic amma babu abubuwan da ke kara hadarin kamuwa da ita, ganewar asali na iya zama da wahala. Likitan ku zai iya dubawa tarihin lafiyar ku, tattauna alamomin da kuke da su, sannan kuma ya yi muku jarrabawar jiki.

Likitan ku na iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje don tantance ayyukan autonomic, wadanda suka hada da:

Gwajin tebur mai karkata. Wannan gwajin yana bin diddigin yadda jinin jiki da bugun zuciya ke amsawa ga canjin matsayi da wuri. Yana kwaikwayon abin da ke faruwa lokacin da kuka tashi bayan kwanciya. Za ku kwanta a kan tebur, wanda za a karkatar da shi don daga saman jikinku. Al'ada, jijiyoyin jini suna kankancewa kuma bugun zuciya yana karuwa don rama raguwar jinin jiki. Wannan amsawar na iya jinkirta idan kuna da neuropathy na autonomic.

A sauki gwajin wannan amsar ya hada da bincika jinin jikinku lokacin kwanciya, zama da tsaye bayan mintuna uku. Wani gwajin ya hada da tsaye na minti daya, sannan kuma zama na minti daya sannan kuma tsaye sake yayin da ake bin diddigin jinin jiki da bugun zuciya.

• Gwaje-gwajen aikin autonomic. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen suna auna yadda bugun zuciya da jinin jiki ke amsawa yayin motsa jiki kamar numfashi mai zurfi da fitar da numfashi da karfi (Valsalva maneuver).

• Gwajin tebur mai karkata. Wannan gwajin yana bin diddigin yadda jinin jiki da bugun zuciya ke amsawa ga canjin matsayi da wuri. Yana kwaikwayon abin da ke faruwa lokacin da kuka tashi bayan kwanciya. Za ku kwanta a kan tebur, wanda za a karkatar da shi don daga saman jikinku. Al'ada, jijiyoyin jini suna kankancewa kuma bugun zuciya yana karuwa don rama raguwar jinin jiki. Wannan amsawar na iya jinkirta idan kuna da neuropathy na autonomic.

  A sauki gwajin wannan amsar ya hada da bincika jinin jikinku lokacin kwanciya, zama da tsaye bayan mintuna uku. Wani gwajin ya hada da tsaye na minti daya, sannan kuma zama na minti daya sannan kuma tsaye sake yayin da ake bin diddigin jinin jiki da bugun zuciya.

• Gwaje-gwajen narkewar abinci. Gwaje-gwajen fitar da abinci daga ciki sune gwaje-gwajen da aka fi sani da su don bincika matsalolin narkewar abinci kamar jinkirin narkewa da jinkirin fitar da abinci daga ciki (gastroparesis). Yawanci likita wanda ya kware a cututtukan narkewar abinci (gastroenterologist) ne ke yin wadannan gwaje-gwajen.

• Gwajin aikin reflex na sudomotor na yawa. Wannan gwajin yana bincika yadda jijiyoyin da ke sarrafa gumi ke amsawa ga motsawa. Karamar wutar lantarki tana wucewa ta cikin kwantena da aka sanya a kan hannunka, saman da kasan kafa, da kuma kafa. Kwamfuta ce ke tantance amsar jijiyoyinku da kuma gumin ku. Kuna iya jin zafi ko tsinke yayin gwajin.

• Gwajin gumi na thermoregulatory. Za a shafa ku da foda wanda ke canza launi lokacin da kuka yi gumi. Yayin da kuka kwanta a cikin dakin da zafin jiki ke karuwa a hankali, hotunan dijital zasu rubuta sakamakon yayin da kuka fara yin gumi. Tsarin gumin ku na iya taimakawa tabbatar da ganewar asali na neuropathy na autonomic ko kuma nuna wasu dalilan raguwa ko karuwar gumi.

• Gwaje-gwajen fitsari da aikin fitsari (urodynamic). Idan kuna da alamomi da kuma cututtukan fitsari, jerin gwaje-gwajen fitsari da fitsari na iya tantance aikin fitsari.

• Ultrasound. Idan kuna da alamomi da kuma cututtukan fitsari, likitan ku na iya ba da shawarar yin ultrasound na hanyoyin fitsari. A wannan gwajin, manyan sauti masu sauri suna samar da hoton fitsari da sauran sassan hanyoyin fitsari.

Maganin cutar rashin aiki na tsarin juyayi na jiki ya hada da:

Mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya na iya ba da shawara:

Mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya na iya bayar da shawara:

Ga maza masu fama da rashin karfin maza, masu ba da shawara kan lafiya na iya ba da shawara:

**Magunguna masu taimakawa wajen tashi. ** Magunguna kamar sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil, tadalafil (Cialis) da avanafil (Stendra) zasu iya taimaka maka wajen samun da kuma rike tashi. Illolin da zasu iya faruwa sun hada da raguwar jinin jiki, ciwon kai mai sauki, kumburi, rashin lafiyar ciki da kuma sauyi a launi na gani.

Idan kana da tarihin cututtukan zuciya, rashin daidaito na bugun zuciya, bugun jini ko kuma hauhawar jinin jiki, ka yi amfani da wadannan magunguna a hankali. Haka kuma ka guji shan wadannan magunguna idan kana shan kowane nau'in nitrates na halitta. Nemi taimakon likita nan take idan kana da tashi wanda ya wuce sa'o'i hudu.

Ga mata masu fama da matsalolin jima'i, masu ba da shawara kan lafiya na iya ba da shawara:

Cututtukan rashin aiki na tsarin juyayi na jiki na iya haifar da matsalolin bugun zuciya da jinin jiki. Mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya na iya rubuta:

Magunguna don kara jinin jiki. Idan ka ji rauni ko kuma zagaya idan ka tashi tsaye, mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya na iya ba da shawara kan magunguna. Fludrocortisone yana taimakawa jikinka wajen rike gishiri, wanda ke taimakawa wajen daidaita jinin jikinka.

Midodrine (Orvaten) da droxidopa (Northera) zasu iya taimakawa wajen kara jinin jiki. Amma wadannan magunguna na iya haifar da hauhawar jinin jiki lokacin da kake kwance. Octreotide (Sandostatin) na iya taimakawa wajen kara jinin jiki ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga wadanda ke da karancin jinin jiki bayan cin abinci, amma na iya haifar da wasu illoli. Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye jinin jiki a matakin da ya dace lokacin tsaye.

Idan kana fitar da gumi sosai, mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya na iya rubuta magani wanda ke rage fitar da gumi. Glycopyrrolate (Cuvposa, Robinul, da sauransu) na iya rage fitar da gumi. Illolin da zasu iya faruwa sun hada da gudawa, bushewar baki, rashin fitar fitsari, raunin gani, sauyi a bugun zuciya, ciwon kai, rashin dandano da kuma bacci. Glycopyrrolate na iya kuma kara hadarin rashin lafiya da ke da alaka da zafi, kamar bugun zafi, daga raguwar damar fitar da gumi.

• Magance cutar asali. Manufar farko ta maganin cutar rashin aiki na tsarin juyayi na jiki shine kula da cutar ko yanayin da ke lalata jijiyoyinka. Idan ciwon suga ne ke haifar da lalacewar jijiyoyinka, sai ka kula da sukari a jikinka sosai don hana lalacewar daga ci gaba. Kimanin rabin lokaci, babu wata cuta da aka gano a matsayin tushen cutar rashin aiki na tsarin juyayi na jiki.

• Sarrafa alamun musamman. Wasu magunguna na iya rage alamun cutar rashin aiki na tsarin juyayi na jiki. Maganin ya dogara ne akan wane bangare na jikinka ya fi shafa da lalacewar jijiya.

• Sauye-sauyen abinci. Zaka iya bukatar karin fiber da ruwa a abincinka. Kayan kara fiber, kamar Metamucil ko Citrucel, na iya taimakawa. A hankali kara yawan fiber da kake samu don kaucewa iskar gas da kumburi.

• Magunguna don taimakawa fitar da abinci daga ciki. Maganin da likita ya rubuta mai suna metoclopramide (Reglan) yana taimakawa fitar da abinci daga ciki da sauri ta hanyar kara karfin narkewar abinci. Wannan magani na iya haifar da bacci kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da shi na tsawon makonni 12 ba.

• Magunguna don rage matsalar hadin hanji. Magungunan da za a iya saya ba tare da takardar likita ba na iya taimakawa wajen rage matsalar hadin hanji. Tambayi mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya sau nawa ya kamata ka yi amfani da maganin hadin hanji.

• Magunguna don rage gudawa. Magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta na iya taimakawa wajen magance gudawa ta hanyar hana yawaitar kwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji. Maganin gudawa da za a iya saya ba tare da takardar likita ba na iya taimakawa.

• Horar da mafitsara. Bin jadawalin lokacin shan ruwa da lokacin yin fitsari na iya taimakawa wajen kara girman mafitsara da kuma horar da mafitsara don fitar da fitsari gaba daya a lokutan da suka dace.

• Magunguna don sarrafa matsalolin mafitsara. Mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya na iya rubuta magunguna masu rage aikin mafitsara. Wasu magunguna na iya taimakawa wajen fitar da fitsari daga mafitsara.

• Taimakon fitsari (catheterization). Ana shigar da bututu ta hanyar urethra don fitar da fitsari daga mafitsara.

• Magunguna masu taimakawa wajen tashi. Magunguna kamar sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil, tadalafil (Cialis) da avanafil (Stendra) zasu iya taimaka maka wajen samun da kuma rike tashi. Illolin da zasu iya faruwa sun hada da raguwar jinin jiki, ciwon kai mai sauki, kumburi, rashin lafiyar ciki da kuma sauyi a launi na gani.

Idan kana da tarihin cututtukan zuciya, rashin daidaito na bugun zuciya, bugun jini ko kuma hauhawar jinin jiki, ka yi amfani da wadannan magunguna a hankali. Haka kuma ka guji shan wadannan magunguna idan kana shan kowane nau'in nitrates na halitta. Nemi taimakon likita nan take idan kana da tashi wanda ya wuce sa'o'i hudu.

• Na'urar jan iska ta waje. Wannan na'ura tana taimakawa wajen jawo jini zuwa cikin azzakari ta hanyar famfo da hannu. Zobe mai matsi yana taimakawa wajen rike jinin a wurin, yana rike da tashi har zuwa mintuna 30.

• Man shafawa na farji don rage bushewa da kuma sa jima'i ya zama dadi da jin dadi.

• Daya daga cikin magunguna da dama da aka amince da su ga mata masu haihuwa da ke da karancin sha'awar jima'i.

• Abinci mai yawan gishiri da ruwa. Idan jinin jikinka ya ragu lokacin da kake tsaye, abinci mai yawan gishiri da ruwa na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye jinin jikinka. Wannan magani na iya haifar da hauhawar jinin jiki ko kumburi a kafafu, diddige ko kuma cinyoyi. Don haka ana ba da shawara ne kawai ga lokuta masu tsanani na matsalolin jinin jiki. Kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da wannan magani ga mutanen da ke fama da gazawar zuciya ba.

• Kayan matsi. Mai ɗaure da aka saka a kugu ko kuma takalmin matsi na iya taimakawa wajen inganta kwararar jini.

• Magunguna don kara jinin jiki. Idan ka ji rauni ko kuma zagaya idan ka tashi tsaye, mai ba ka shawara kan lafiya na iya ba da shawara kan magunguna. Fludrocortisone yana taimakawa jikinka wajen rike gishiri, wanda ke taimakawa wajen daidaita jinin jikinka.

Midodrine (Orvaten) da droxidopa (Northera) zasu iya taimakawa wajen kara jinin jiki. Amma wadannan magunguna na iya haifar da hauhawar jinin jiki lokacin da kake kwance. Octreotide (Sandostatin) na iya taimakawa wajen kara jinin jiki ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga wadanda ke da karancin jinin jiki bayan cin abinci, amma na iya haifar da wasu illoli. Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye jinin jiki a matakin da ya dace lokacin tsaye.

• Magunguna don daidaita bugun zuciya. Nau'in magunguna da ake kira beta blockers yana taimakawa wajen daidaita bugun zuciya idan ya yi yawa yayin motsa jiki.

Getting Up Safely and Comfortably

Getting up quickly can sometimes cause dizziness or lightheadedness. Here are some simple tips to help you get up and around more easily and safely:

Gentle Transitions:

• Slow and Steady: When you get out of bed, stand up slowly, in stages. This helps your body adjust to the change in position and can prevent dizziness. Think of it like a ramp, not a jump. Give yourself a moment to adjust at each stage.

• Prepare Your Body: Before you stand, sit on the edge of the bed with your legs dangling for a few minutes. This allows your blood to redistribute more evenly. Also, flex your feet and make your hands into fists for a few seconds. This gently squeezes your muscles, helping to increase blood flow to your brain and body.

• Boosting Blood Pressure: Once you're standing, gently tense your leg muscles by crossing one leg over the other a few times. This helps to increase blood pressure, making you feel more stable and less likely to feel dizzy.

Other Helpful Tips:

• Elevated Bed: If you have low blood pressure, raising the head of your bed by about 4 inches (10 centimeters) can make a difference. You can use blocks or risers under the head of the bed to accomplish this. This helps your blood flow better when you first wake up.
• Improved Digestion: If you have digestive issues, eating small, frequent meals throughout the day can help. Drinking plenty of fluids is also important. Choosing foods that are low in fat and high in fiber can often improve digestion.
• Managing Diabetes: Good blood sugar control is crucial for people with diabetes. Keeping your blood sugar levels stable can significantly lessen symptoms and help prevent or delay new health problems. Working closely with your doctor is essential for managing diabetes effectively.