Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis cuta ne wanda aka sani da girmawar ƙananan ƙwayoyin kumburi (granulomas) a kowane ɓangare na jikinka - galibi a huhu da kuma ƙwayoyin lymph. Amma kuma yana iya shafar idanu, fata, zuciya da sauran gabobbi.

Dalilin sarcoidosis ba a sani ba ne, amma masana suna ganin yana sakamakon tsarin garkuwar jikin mutum yana mayar da martani ga abu da ba a sani ba. Bincike da yawa sun nuna cewa ƙwayoyin cuta, sunadarai, ƙura da kuma yuwuwar rashin daidaito ga sinadarai na jikin mutum (kwayoyin halitta) na iya zama dalilin samar da granulomas a cikin mutanen da ke da halayyar kamuwa da cuta.

Babu maganin sarcoidosis, amma yawancin mutane suna yin kyau sosai ba tare da magani ba ko kuma magani kaɗan. A wasu lokuta, sarcoidosis kan ta ɓace. Duk da haka, sarcoidosis na iya ɗaukar shekaru kuma na iya haifar da lalacewar gabobi.

Alamun da kuma bayyanar cututtukan sarcoidosis na bambanta dangane da gabobin da suka kamu. A wasu lokutan sarcoidosis yana bunkasa a hankali kuma yana haifar da alamun da suka dade shekaru. A wasu lokuta, alamun suna bayyana ba zato ba tsammani sannan su bace da sauri. Mutane da yawa da ke dauke da sarcoidosis babu alamun, don haka cutar za a iya gano ta ne kawai lokacin da aka yi X-ray na kirji don wani dalili.

Sarcoidosis na iya fara tare da wadannan alamun da kuma bayyanar cututtuka:

• gajiya
• Kumburi kumburi
• Asarar nauyi
• Ciwo da kumburi a haɗin gwiwa, kamar su diddige

Sarcoidosis sau da yawa yana shafar huhu kuma yana iya haifar da matsalolin huhu, kamar su:

• Ciwon tari mai bushewa
• Gajiyar numfashi
• Shaƙewa
• Ciwon kirji

Sarcoidosis na iya haifar da matsalolin fata, wanda na iya haɗawa da:

• Fatar ja ko ja-ja, yawanci a kan ƙafafu ko diddige, wanda zai iya zama mai zafi kuma mai taushi lokacin da aka taɓa
• Kumburi (ƙwayoyin cuta) a hanci, kunnuka da kunne
• Yankunan fata masu duhu ko haske
• Kumburi a ƙarƙashin fata (nodules), musamman a kusa da tabo ko zane

Sarcoidosis na iya shafar idanu ba tare da haifar da wata alama ba, don haka yana da muhimmanci a duba idanunku akai-akai. Lokacin da alamun da kuma bayyanar cututtuka na idanu suka faru, na iya haɗawa da:

• Ganin da ba daidai ba
• Ciwon ido
• Kona, ƙaiƙayi ko bushewar ido
• Ja sosai
• Rashin haske

Alama da kuma bayyanar cututtuka da suka shafi sarcoidosis na zuciya na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon kirji
• Gajiyar numfashi (dyspnea)
• Fainting (syncope)
• Gajiya
• Bugawa mara kyau (arrhythmias)
• Bugawa mai sauri ko rawar jiki (palpitations)
• Kumburi da aka haifar da ruwa mai yawa (edema)

Sarcoidosis na iya shafar metabolism na calcium, tsarin jijiyoyi, hanta da hanji, tsoka, ƙashi da haɗin gwiwa, koda, kumburi, ko wani gabobi.

Gani likitanka idan kana da alamun cutar sarcoidosis. — Jim, mai haƙuri, sarcoidosis Jim, mai haƙuri: An ba mu jikokinmu biyu masu kyau nan da nan bayan ritaya. 'Yan mata biyu ne na musamman kuma hakan yana sa rayuwa ta zama mai daɗi. Ban taɓa samun alama ba har zuwa ranar farko ta harin zuciya na gaske. Na toshe kashi 100%. Diana, matar aure: Sun saka allurar 2 ko 3 — likitoci za su — sannan a cikin watanni, Jim zai sake samun irin wannan alama. Jim: Na sake shiga asibiti kuma wannan lokacin, tiyata ce ta bude zuciya. Diana: Oh, Allah na, lokacin da ya bude Jim, ya ce na ga wani abu a yau wanda ban taɓa gani ba a kowane mutum. Jim: An gano a wannan lokacin cewa ina da sarcoidosis. Diana: Maganin, likitoci, aikin ƙungiya bai dace ba. Leslie Cooper, M.D.: Mun ɗauki magani mai ƙarfi a wani yanki kuma mun yi amfani da shi a karon farko a cikin cutar zuciya ta sarcoidosis. Diana: Gwajin ne, amma ya saka wannan sarcoid a cikin sassauci kuma hakan ya dawo da rayuwar Jim. Ya zama haɗari mai kyau sosai.

Likitoci ba su san ainihin abin da ke haifar da sarcoidosis ba. Wasu mutane suna da alamar kwayoyin halitta da za su iya haifar da cutar, wanda kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙura ko sinadarai zasu iya haifarwa.

Wannan yana haifar da tsananin amsawar tsarin garkuwar jikin ku, kuma ƙwayoyin garkuwar jiki suka fara taruwa a tsarin kumburi da ake kira granulomas. Yayin da granulomas ke ƙaruwa a cikin wani ɓangaren jiki, aikin wannan ɓangaren na iya lalacewa.

Duk da cewa kowa na iya kamuwa da sarcoidosis, abubuwan da zasu iya kara hadarin kamuwa da ita sun hada da:

• Shekaru da jima'i. Sarcoidosis na iya faruwa a kowane zamani, amma yawanci yana faruwa tsakanin shekaru 20 zuwa 60. Mata suna da yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar fiye da maza.
• Kabila. Mutane 'yan Afirka da 'yan Turai na Arewa suna da yawan kamuwa da sarcoidosis. Baƙi 'yan Amurka suna da yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar a wasu gabobin jiki baya ga huhu.
• Tarihin iyali. Idan wani a iyalinka ya kamu da sarcoidosis, to kai ma kana da yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar.

Wasu lokutan sarcoidosis na haifar da matsaloli na dogon lokaci.\n\n- H\u0261\u025b\u0301k\u025b\u0301. Rashin maganin cutar sankarau a\u025b\u0301 hu\u025b\u0301tsu na iya haifar da tabo na dindindin a cikin hu\u025b\u025b\u0301k\u025b\u0301 (pulmonary fibrosis), wanda ke sa numfashi ya yi wuya kuma wasu lokutan yana haifar da hauhawar jini a\u025b\u0301 hu\u025b\u025b\u0301tsu.\n- Idanu. Kumburi na iya shafar kusan kowane bangare na idanunka kuma na iya haifar da lalacewar retina, wanda hakan na iya haifar da makanta a\u025b\u0301 karshe. Ba a saba gani ba, sarcoidosis kuma na iya haifar da cataracts da glaucoma.\n- Koda. Sarcoidosis na iya shafar yadda jikinka ke sarrafa calcium, wanda hakan na iya haifar da duwatsu a koda da rage aikin koda. Ba a saba gani ba, wannan na iya haifar da gazawar koda.\n- Zuciya. Cutar sankarau ta zuciya tana haifar da granulomas a cikin zuciyarka wanda zai iya hana tsarin zuciya, kwararar jini da aikin zuciya na al'ada. A wasu lokuta masu wuya, wannan na iya haifar da mutuwa.\n- Jijiyoyin 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Sarcoidosis na iya zama da wuya a gano saboda cutar sau da yawa ba ta da alamun da yawa da kuma bayyanar cututtuka a farkon matakanta. Idan alamun sun bayyana, zasu iya kwaikwayon wasu cututtuka.

Likitanka zai fara da jarrabawar jiki kuma ya tattauna game da alamun cututtukanka. Shi ko ita kuma zasu saurari zuciyarka da huhu a hankali, su duba kumburin kumburin lymph, kuma su bincika duk wata raunuka a fata.

Gwajin ganewar asali na iya taimakawa wajen cire wasu cututtuka da kuma sanin tsarin jiki da sarcoidosis ke shafawa. Likitanka na iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje kamar haka:

• Gwajin jini da fitsari don tantance lafiyar jikinka gaba ɗaya da kuma yadda koda da hanta ke aiki
• Hoto na kirji don bincika huhu da zuciya
• Binciken kwamfuta (CT) na kirji don bincika huhu
• Gwajin aikin huhu (pulmonary) don auna girman huhu da yawan iskar oxygen da huhu ke kaiwa ga jininka
• Hoto na lantarki (ECG ko EKG) don gano matsalolin zuciya da kuma saka idanu kan yanayin zuciya
• Jarrabawar ido don bincika matsalolin gani da sarcoidosis ke haifarwa
• Binciken positron emission tomography (PET) ko magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) idan sarcoidosis yana kama da yana shafar zuciyarka ko tsarin juyayin tsakiya

Ana iya ƙara sauran gwaje-gwaje, idan an buƙata.

Likitanka na iya umurci a ɗauki ƙaramin samfurin nama (biopsy) daga wani ɓangare na jikinka da aka yi imanin sarcoidosis ke shafawa don neman granulomas da aka saba gani tare da yanayin. Alal misali, ana iya ɗaukar biopsies daga fatarka idan kana da raunuka a fata da kuma daga huhu da kuma kumburin lymph idan an buƙata.

Babu maganin sarcoidosis, amma a lokuta da yawa, kan tafiya da kanta. Ba za ka iya buƙatar magani ba idan ba ka da alamun cutar ko kuma alamun cutar kaɗan ne. Tsananin da yawan cutar zai ƙayyade ko kuma irin maganin da ake buƙata. Magunguna Idan alamun cutar ka suka yi tsanani ko kuma aikin gabobin jikinka na cikin haɗari, za a iya yi maka magani da magunguna. Wadannan na iya haɗawa da: Corticosteroids. Wadannan magungunan hana kumburi masu ƙarfi yawanci su ne maganin farko na sarcoidosis. A wasu lokuta, ana iya shafa corticosteroids kai tsaye zuwa yankin da abin ya shafa - ta hanyar kirim zuwa raunin fata ko kuma digo zuwa idanu. Magunguna masu rage ƙarfin garkuwar jiki. Magunguna kamar methotrexate (Trexall) da azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran) suna rage kumburi ta hanyar rage ƙarfin garkuwar jiki. Hydroxychloroquine. Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) na iya taimakawa wajen magance raunukan fata da kuma matakan calcium a jini. Magungunan Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Ana amfani da waɗannan magunguna sosai wajen magance kumburi da ke hade da rheumatoid arthritis. Hakanan zasu iya taimakawa wajen magance sarcoidosis wanda bai amsa da sauran magunguna ba. Ana iya amfani da sauran magunguna don magance takamaiman alamun cutar ko rikitarwa. Sauran magunguna Dangane da alamun cutar ko rikitarwa, ana iya ba da shawarar sauran magunguna. Alal misali, za a iya yi maka motsa jiki don rage gajiya da inganta ƙarfin tsoka, sake dawowa lafiya don rage alamun numfashi, ko kuma a saka maka na'urar lantarki a zuciya don matsalolin bugun zuciya. Duba lafiya yadda ya kamata Yawancin lokacin da za ka ga likitanki na iya bambanta dangane da alamun cutar da maganin da kake yi. Ganin likitanki akai-akai abu ne mai muhimmanci - ko da ba kwa buƙatar magani. Likitanka zai duba alamun cutar, ya tantance ingancin magunguna da kuma bincika rikitarwa. Duba lafiya na iya haɗawa da gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun dangane da yanayin lafiyarka. Alal misali, za a iya yi maka hotunan X-ray na kirji akai-akai, gwaje-gwajen jini da fitsari, EKGs, da kuma binciken huhu, idanu, fata da duk wani gabobin jiki da abin ya shafa. Kulawa ta baya-bayan nan na iya zama na ɗan lokaci. Aikin tiyata Za a iya la'akari da dashen gabobi idan sarcoidosis ya lalata huhu, zuciya ko hanta sosai. Karin Bayani Dashen hanta Dashen huhu Bukatar ganin likita

Kodayake sarcoidosis na iya ɓacewa da kansa, rayuwar wasu mutane ta canja har abada saboda cutar. Idan kuna da matsala wajen jurewa, yi la'akari da magana da mai ba da shawara. Shiga ƙungiyar tallafawa sarcoidosis na iya zama da amfani.