He aha nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā pōhaku ʻōpū a me nā pōhaku kīkī?

ʻO nā pōhaku ʻōpū a me nā pōhaku kīkī ʻelua mau pilikia olakino maʻamau e hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha nui a pono paha i ke kōkua lapaʻau. He mea nui ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa o lāua.

Nā pōhaku ʻōpū i hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū a ua hana nui ʻia mai ka kolasterola a i ʻole bilirubin. He mea maʻamau loa ia, e pili ana i ka 10-15% o nā mākua ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke hoʻololi mai ka ʻoluʻolu iki o ka ʻōpū a i ka ʻeha nui a i ʻole ka melemele ʻana o ka ʻili (jaundice). He mea nui ka hopu ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻōpū i ka wā mua e pale aku ai i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

Nā pōhaku kīkī, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e ulu ana i nā kīkī i ka wā e kūkulu ai nā minelala a me nā paʻakai a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ma kahi o 12% o nā mākua e loaʻa i kahi pōhaku kīkī i kekahi manawa o ko lākou ola. Hiki i kēia mau pōhaku ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha ʻoi, ke koko i loko o ka mimi, a me ka pono e mimi pinepine. Hoʻohana mau nā kauka i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e ʻike iā lākou, a pili nā koho lapaʻau i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka pōhaku.

ʻOiai hiki i nā pōhaku ʻōpū a me nā pōhaku kīkī ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona like, ua hana ʻia lāua ma nā ʻano like ʻole, a ʻaʻole like ko lāua mau kumu a me nā mea pilikia. He mea nui ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau ʻokoʻa no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālama kūpono a no ka pale ʻana. Ma ke ʻike ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻōpū a me nā pōhaku kīkī, hiki i nā kānaka ke hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i kēia mau pilikia olakino maʻamau.

He aha nā pōhaku ʻōpū?

ʻO nā pōhaku ʻōpū nā ʻāpana paʻa i hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū, kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ke ake e mālama ana i ka bile, kahi mea kōkua i ka ʻai ʻana. Hoʻololi kēia mau pōhaku i ka nui, mai nā hua liʻiliʻi a i nā mea nui, nui e like me ka pōle golf, a hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia koʻikoʻi.

1. Nā ʻano o nā pōhaku ʻōpū

• Nā pōhaku ʻōpū kolasterola: ʻO kēia ka ʻano maʻamau loa a ua hana nui ʻia mai ka kolasterola i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hana ʻia lākou i ka wā nui loa ka kolasterola i loko o ke koko.

• Nā pōhaku ʻōpū pigment: ʻO kēia mau pōhaku liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia mai ka bilirubin nui, kahi mea i hana ʻia i ka wā e wāwahi ai ke kino i nā pūnaewele koko ʻulaʻula. ʻOi aku ka ʻeleʻele o nā pōhaku pigment a pili pinepine ʻia i nā kūlana e pili ana i ke ake a i ʻole nā ​​pūnaewele koko ʻulaʻula.

2. Nā kumu a me nā mea pilikia

• Momona: Hoʻonui ka nui o ke kaumaha i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻōpū kolasterola ma muli o nā kiʻekiʻe kolasterola kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka bile.

• Ke kaumaha: Hiki i nā loli hormonal i ka wā hāpai ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hana ʻia nā pōhaku ʻōpū.

• Makahiki a me ka wahine: ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o nā pōhaku ʻōpū i nā kānaka ma mua o 40 a i nā wāhine, ʻoiai nā mea i hāpai i nā keiki he nui.

• ʻAi: Hiki i ka ʻai momona kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa fiber ke hoʻopili i ka hana ʻana o nā pōhaku ʻōpū.

3. Nā hōʻailona o nā pōhaku ʻōpū

• Hiki ke asymptomatic nā pōhaku ʻōpū, akā inā pale lākou i nā ducts bile, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha nui (biliary colic), nausea, a me ka luaʻi. ʻIke ʻia kēia kūlana ʻo ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka ʻōpū.

4. Nā koho lapaʻau

• Hiki i nā lapaʻau ʻole i ka ʻoki kino ke komo i nā lāʻau a i ʻole lithotripsy (shock wave therapy). Eia naʻe, ʻo ka lapaʻau maʻamau loa no nā pōhaku ʻōpū ʻo ka ʻoki kino e wehe i ka ʻōpū (cholecystectomy).

He aha nā pōhaku kīkī?

ʻO nā pōhaku kīkī nā waihona liʻiliʻi, paʻa o nā minelala a me nā paʻakai i hana ʻia i loko o nā kīkī. Hiki i kēia mau pōhaku ke hoʻololi i ka nui mai nā kristal liʻiliʻi a i nā pōhaku nui aʻe, ʻoi aku ka ʻeha e hiki ke pale i ke ala mimi.

1. Nā ʻano o nā pōhaku kīkī

• Nā pōhaku Calcium: ʻO ka ʻano maʻamau loa, i hana ʻia mai ka calcium oxalate a i ʻole calcium phosphate, pili pinepine ʻia i nā kiʻekiʻe calcium kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka mimi.

• Nā pōhaku Struvite: Hana ʻia kēia mau pōhaku ma ke pane ʻana i nā maʻi o ke ala mimi a nui pinepine lākou a hiki ke ulu wikiwiki.

• Nā pōhaku Uric Acid: Hana ʻia i ka wā nui loa ka uric acid i loko o ka mimi, pinepine ma muli o ka nele o ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​ʻai kiʻekiʻe i nā meaʻai purine-rich e like me ka ʻiʻo.

• Nā pōhaku Cystine: He mea kakaʻikahi kēia a hana ʻia ma muli o ka maʻi genetic i kapa ʻia ʻo cystinuria, kahi mea e hoʻoulu ai i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka cystine i loko o ka mimi.

2. Nā kumu a me nā mea pilikia

• Ka nele o ka wai: Ke alakaʻi nei ka lawa ʻole o ka inu wai i ka mimi i hoʻoikaika ʻia, kahi mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke hana ʻia nā pōhaku.

• Nā mea pili i ka ʻai: Hiki i ka ʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka sodium, oxalates, a me ka protein holoholona ke hoʻopili i nā pōhaku kīkī.

• Mōʻaukala ʻohana: Loaʻa ka hana a nā genetics, a ʻoi aku ka pilikia o nā kānaka me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā pōhaku kīkī.

• Nā kūlana lapaʻau: Hiki i nā kūlana e like me ka hyperparathyroidism, momona, a me ka maʻi diabetes ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pōhaku kīkī.

3. Nā hōʻailona o nā pōhaku kīkī

• Hiki i nā pōhaku kīkī ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha nui, maʻamau ma ke kua a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao, hematuria (ke koko i loko o ka mimi), ka mimi pinepine, a me ka nausea.

4. Nā koho lapaʻau

• Ka hoʻokele ʻeha: Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻokele i ka ʻeha.

• Nā hana ʻoki kino: No nā pōhaku nui, pono paha nā lapaʻau e like me ka shock wave therapy (lithotripsy) a i ʻole ka ʻoki kino e wāwahi a wehe paha i nā pōhaku.

Nā hoʻohālikelike: Nā pōhaku ʻōpū vs Nā pōhaku kīkī

ʻO nā pōhaku ʻōpū a me nā pōhaku kīkī ʻelua mau kūlana ʻeha e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o nā waihona paʻa, akā hana ʻia lāua i nā ʻāpana like ʻole a loaʻa nā kumu, nā hōʻailona, ​​a me nā lapaʻau ʻokoʻa. Eia kahi hoʻohālikelike o nā mea ʻelua:

1. Kahi

• Nā pōhaku ʻōpū: Hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū, kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ke ake e mālama ana i ka bile.

• Nā pōhaku kīkī: Hoʻomohala ʻia i nā kīkī, kahi mea kuleana no ka kānana ʻana i nā ʻōpala mai ke koko a me ka hana ʻana i ka mimi.

2. Hoʻonohonoho

• Nā pōhaku ʻōpū: Hana nui ʻia mai ka kolasterola a i ʻole bilirubin (nā pōhaku pigment).

• Nā pōhaku kīkī: Hana pinepine ʻia mai ka calcium, uric acid, a i ʻole cystine, ma muli o ke ʻano.

3. Nā kumu

• Nā pōhaku ʻōpū: Hana pinepine ʻia e nā kiʻekiʻe kolasterola kiʻekiʻe, momona, nā loli hormonal, a i ʻole kekahi mau maʻi.

• Nā pōhaku kīkī: Hana ʻia e ka nele o ka wai, nā mea pili i ka ʻai, nā kūlana lapaʻau e like me ka maʻi diabetes, a i ʻole ka hoʻoilina genetic.

4. Nā hōʻailona

• Nā pōhaku ʻōpū: Pinepine asymptomatic akā hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha i ka ʻōpū luna, nausea, luaʻi, a me ka biliary colic inā pale lākou i nā ducts bile.

• Nā pōhaku kīkī: Hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha nui, maʻamau ma ke kua haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao, hematuria, nausea, a me ka mimi pinepine.

5. Lapaʻau

• Nā pōhaku ʻōpū: Lapaʻau pinepine ʻia me ka cholecystectomy (wehe ʻana i ka ʻōpū) inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona.

• Nā pōhaku kīkī: Lapaʻau ʻia me ka hoʻokele ʻeha, hydration, a me nā kaʻina hana e like me ka lithotripsy a i ʻole ka ʻoki kino e wehe i nā pōhaku nui.

Hōʻuluʻulu

Hana ʻia nā pōhaku ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū a ua hana nui ʻia mai ka kolasterola a i ʻole bilirubin, ʻoiai e ulu ana nā pōhaku kīkī i nā kīkī, maʻamau i hana ʻia mai ka calcium, uric acid, a i ʻole cystine. Hana pinepine ʻia nā pōhaku ʻōpū e nā kiʻekiʻe kolasterola kiʻekiʻe, momona, a i ʻole nā ​​loli hormonal a hiki ke asymptomatic a hiki i ka pale ʻana i nā ducts bile, e hoʻoulu ana i ka ʻeha, nausea, a i ʻole ka luaʻi. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, nā hopena o nā pōhaku kīkī mai ka nele o ka wai, ka ʻai, a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana lapaʻau a hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha nui ma ke kua a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao, ke koko i loko o ka mimi, a me ka mimi pinepine.

ʻO ka lapaʻau no nā pōhaku ʻōpū pinepine e pili ana i ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻōpū (cholecystectomy), ʻoiai e hoʻokele ʻia nā pōhaku kīkī me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha, hydration, a me nā kaʻina hana e like me lithotripsy a i ʻole ka ʻoki kino no nā pōhaku nui. ʻOiai ko lāua mau like ʻana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻeha, ʻokoʻa nā pōhaku ʻōpū a me nā pōhaku kīkī i ko lāua mau kumu, nā hōʻailona, ​​a me nā lapaʻau.