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October 10, 2025
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ʻO ka kanesa anal he ʻano kanesa ia e ulu ana i loko o nā pūnaewele o ka anus, ʻo ia ka puka ma ka hopena o kou ʻōnaehana ʻai. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau e like me nā kanesa ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kona mau hōʻailona a me nā koho lapaʻau ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike nui a hoʻomākaukau.
Hoʻopili kēia maʻi i nā cell e uhi ana i kou anal canal a i ʻole ka ʻili a puni kou puka anal. Hoʻopili ka hapa nui o nā hihia i kekahi mau maʻi viral, ʻo ia hoʻi ka human papillomavirus (HPV). ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, i ka wā e hopu koke ʻia ai, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka kanesa anal me nā hopena maikaʻi loa no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka.
ʻAʻole pinepine ka hōʻailona o ka kanesa anal i ka wā mua, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka pono o nā nānā maʻamau. I ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona, hiki iā lākou ke kuhihewa ʻia no nā kūlana maʻamau e like me nā hemorrhoids a i ʻole nā anal fissures.
Eia nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ai kou kino inā e ulu ana ka kanesa anal:
ʻAʻole pinepine, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka luhi maʻamau a i ʻole ka pohō kaumaha i wehe ʻole ʻia. Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke ʻike ʻia mālie a hiki ke hele mai a hele aku i ka hoʻomaka. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau hōʻailona e ʻōlelo koke ana ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka kanesa, ʻoiai he nui nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hana i nā pilikia like.
Hoʻokaʻawale nā kauka i ka kanesa anal ma muli o ke ʻano o nā cell kahi i hoʻomaka ai. Ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau ʻano e kōkua i kāu hui lapaʻau e koho i ke ala lapaʻau kūpono loa no kou kūlana kikoʻī.
ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau loa ka squamous cell carcinoma, kahi e ulu ana i nā cell pālahalaha e uhi ana i ka hapa nui o kou anal canal. ʻO kēia ka mea e pili ana i ka 80-90% o nā kanesa anal a pau a pane maikaʻi pinepine i ka lapaʻau.
ʻAʻole pinepine ka adenocarcinoma a hoʻomaka i nā cell gland o kou anal canal. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes kokoke a hiki ke pono i nā ala lapaʻau ʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole pinepine e komo pū me ka melanoma, kahi e ulu ana i nā cell hana pigment, a me ka small cell carcinoma. Hiki i kēia mau ʻano maʻamau ʻole ke hana ʻokoʻa a pinepine e pono ai nā papahana lapaʻau kūikawā i hoʻopilikino ʻia i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona kūikawā.
E ulu ana ka kanesa anal i ka wā e loli ai nā cell maʻamau i loko o kou anal tissue e hana ai iā lākou e ulu uncontrollable. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kuhikuhi pololei i ke kumu o kēia, ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi i kekahi mau mea nui e hoʻonui i ka hiki ke loaʻa.
ʻO ke kumu nui ka maʻi me ka human papillomavirus (HPV), ʻoi aku hoʻi nā ʻano 16 a me 18. He mea maʻamau loa ka HPV e pālahalaha ana ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka ʻili i ka ʻili. ʻAʻole pinepine nā kānaka me ka HPV e loaʻa i ka kanesa, akā hiki i nā maʻi mau ke alakaʻi i nā loli cell ma nā makahiki he nui.
He kuleana nui kāu ʻōnaehana pale i ka pale ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka kanesa. I ka wā e nāwaliwali ai kou ʻōnaehana pale e nā kūlana e like me ka HIV/AIDS a i ʻole nā lāʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pale ʻana, hiki i kou kino ke hakakā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā maʻi HPV maikaʻi.
Hiki i ka mumū mau i kou wahi anal mai nā kūlana e like me nā anal fistulas a i ʻole nā maʻi inflammatory bowel ke kōkua pū i ka pilikia o ka kanesa i ka wā lōʻihi. Eia kekahi, me he mea lā e hoʻonui ana ka puhipaka i kou pilikia, ma ka hoʻonāwaliwali ʻana i kou pane pale a me ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kou kino i ka HPV.
Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu mea mālama ola inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona mau ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi i loko o kekahi mau pule. Hiki i ka loiloi koke ke kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o ka kanesa anal a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe hiki ke mālama ʻia e hana i nā hōʻailona like.
E ʻimi koke i ka mālama lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i ke kahe koko rectal mau, ʻoi aku hoʻi inā he mea hou a ʻokoʻa paha ia mai kāu mea i ʻike mua ai. ʻOiai pinepine ka kahe koko e hana ʻia e nā hemorrhoids a i ʻole nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, he mea nui ia e loaʻa ka loiloi kūpono.
Mai hoʻokaʻulua i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mālama inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi puʻu hou a i ʻole kahi mea nui i kou wahi anal, ka ʻeha mau e hoʻopilikia ana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā, a i ʻole nā loli nui i kou mau ʻano hele ʻana i ka lua. Pono kēia mau hōʻailona i ka loiloi ʻoihana e hoʻoholo i kā lākou kumu.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā mea pilikia e like me ka maʻi HIV, ka mōʻaukala o nā kanesa ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka HPV, a i ʻole e lawe i nā lāʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pale ʻana, e kūkākūkā i ka nānā maʻamau me kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi i ka nānā kūpono ma muli o kāu ʻano pilikia pilikino.
He nui nā mea e hiki ke hoʻonui i kou hiki ke loaʻa i ka kanesa anal, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea pilikia e ʻōlelo ana e loaʻa nō ʻoe i ka maʻi. Ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea e kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu kauka e hana i nā hoʻoholo naʻauao e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana a me ka pale ʻana.
Eia nā mea nui e hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia:
Me he mea lā he nui ka pilikia o nā wāhine ma mua o nā kāne, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maopopo loa nā kumu. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā kānaka e hana ana i ka receptive anal intercourse ke hoʻonui i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka HPV, ʻoiai hiki ke loaʻa ka kanesa anal i kekahi kanaka me ka nānā ʻole i nā hana moe.
I ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua, loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka kanesa anal nā hopena maikaʻi loa me nā hopena lōʻihi liʻiliʻi. Eia naʻe, ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā pilikia hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana pū me kāu hui mālama ola e pale a mālama paha iā lākou maikaʻi.
Inā waiho ʻole ʻia, hiki i ka kanesa anal ke pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes kokoke i kou pelvis a me ka groin area. Pinepine ka pālahalaha kūloko he mea hiki ke mālama ʻia, akā hiki ke pono i nā ala lapaʻau ikaika.
I nā hihia holomua, hiki i ka kanesa ke pālahalaha i nā ʻāpana mamao e like me kou ate, nā māmā, a i ʻole nā iwi. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pinepine kēia, he kūlana koʻikoʻi ia e pono ai ka mālama kanesa kūikawā a me ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau piha.
Hiki i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka lapaʻau ke komo pū me nā pilikia hoʻomalu bowel manawa, ka huhū ʻili i ka wahi i mālama ʻia, a i ʻole ka luhi i ka wā o ka radiation therapy. Hoʻokele ʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau hopena a hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i nā hihia a pau o ka kanesa anal, hiki i kekahi mau hoʻolālā ke hoʻemi nui i kou pilikia. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻohui i ka hoʻokani ʻana, nā hana palekana, a me ka mālama ola maʻamau.
Hāʻawi ka hoʻokani ʻana i ka HPV i ka pale maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano virus e like loa me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka kanesa anal. Hana maikaʻi ka lāʻau inā hāʻawi ʻia ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka HPV, maʻamau i nā makahiki preteen, akā hiki nō ke hāʻawi i nā pono no nā mākua a hiki i ka 45 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka moe kolohe palekana ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā condoms a me ka palena ʻana i ka nui o kāu mau hoa moe hiki ke hoʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka HPV. Eia naʻe, e hoʻomanaʻo he hiki i ka HPV ke pālahalaha ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka ʻili i ka ʻili, no laila ʻaʻole hāʻawi nā condoms i ka pale piha.
Inā puhi ʻoe, hiki i ka haʻalele ʻana ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiki o kou ʻōnaehana pale ke kaua i nā maʻi HPV. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi i nā kumuwaiwai a me ke kākoʻo e kōkua iā ʻoe e haʻalele maikaʻi.
He mea nui loa ka nānā maʻamau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka HIV a i ʻole nā kūlana ʻōnaehana pale ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke kuhikuhi i nā manawa nānā kūpono ma muli o kāu mau mea pilikia pilikino.
Hoʻomaka pinepine ka ʻike ʻana i ka kanesa anal me kāu kauka e nīnau ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me ka hana ʻana i kahi nānā kino. Kōkua kēia loiloi mua e hoʻoholo i nā ho'āʻo hou aku e pono ai.
E hana paha kāu kauka i kahi digital rectal exam, e hoʻokomo mālie ana i kahi manamana lima i loko o kou rectum e ʻike i nā puʻu maʻamau ʻole a i ʻole nā wahi pilikia. ʻOiai hiki i kēia ke ʻoluʻolu ʻole, he pōkole ia a hāʻawi i ka ʻike waiwai.
Hāʻawi ka anoscopy i kāu kauka e nānā pololei i kou anal canal me kahi tube liʻiliʻi, kukui ʻia i kapa ʻia ʻo anoscope. Kōkua kēia kaʻina hana e ʻike i nā ʻano ʻano ʻole a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka laʻana o nā pūnaewele.
Inā loaʻa nā wahi kānalua, e hana kāu kauka i kahi biopsy, e wehe ana i kahi laʻana pūnaewele liʻiliʻi no ka loiloi laboratory. ʻO kēia wale nō ke ala e ʻike pololei ai i ka kanesa a hoʻoholo i kona ʻano kikoʻī a me nā hiʻohiʻona.
Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā ho'āʻo hou aku e like me nā CT scans, MRI, a i ʻole PET scans e hoʻoholo inā ua pālahalaha ka kanesa i nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Kōkua kēia mau noiʻi kiʻi i kāu hui lapaʻau e hoʻomohala i ka papahana lapaʻau kūpono loa no kou kūlana.
Ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ka lapaʻau no ka kanesa anal i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e loaʻa ana ka remission piha. E hoʻopilikino ʻia kāu papahana lapaʻau i kou kūlana kikoʻī, me ka pae o ka kanesa, kahi, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ke ala lapaʻau maʻamau e hoʻohui i ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo chemoradiation. Hana synergistic kēia hui, me ka chemotherapy e hana ai i nā cell kanesa i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i ka radiation ʻoiai ke hoʻopili pololei ka radiation i ka tumor.
ʻO ka chemotherapy maʻamau e komo pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma o ka IV a i ʻole ma ka waha ma nā hebedoma he nui. ʻO nā lāʻau maʻamau e komo pū me ka mitomycin C a me ka 5-fluorouracil, kahi e hana ai ma ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka ulu ʻana a me ka māhele ʻana o nā cell kanesa.
Hoʻohana ka radiation therapy i nā kukui kiʻekiʻe e luku i nā cell kanesa ʻoiai e hoʻemi ana i ka pōʻino i nā pūnaewele olakino. Hāʻawi nā ʻenehana hou i ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana i ka wahi tumor, e hoʻemi ana i nā hopena ma mua o nā ʻano kahiko.
Mālama ʻia ka ʻoki kino no nā hihia kahi ʻaʻole i hoʻopau loa ka chemoradiation i ka kanesa a i ʻole inā hoʻi mai ka kanesa ma hope o ka lapaʻau mua. I nā hihia maʻamau ʻole, hiki ke komo pū kēia i ka wehe ʻana i kahi hapa o ka anus a me ka rectum, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia ma mua o ka wā ma mua.
Ke mālama ʻana i nā hopena i ka wā o ka lapaʻau e kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i kou maikaʻi o ke ola a hoʻomau me kāu papahana lapaʻau. E hana kokoke kāu hui mālama ola me ʻoe e pale a hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia e kū mai ana.
Liʻiliʻi ka mālama ʻili i ka wā o ka radiation therapy, ʻoiai hiki ke huhū a i ʻole nāwaliwali ka wahi i mālama ʻia. E hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā mea hoʻoluʻolu ʻoluʻolu, ʻaʻohe ʻala i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu hui mālama, a e pale i nā mea holoi a i ʻole nā huahana koʻikoʻi.
Hiki i nā hoʻoponopono ʻai ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā loli bowel i ka wā o ka lapaʻau. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka ʻai haʻahaʻa-fiber i ka hoʻomaka, a laila hoʻonui mālie i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai kāu ʻōnaehana. He mea nui loa ka noho wai.
He mea maʻamau ka luhi i ka wā o ka lapaʻau, no laila e hoʻolālā no ka hoʻomaha hou a mai hoʻokaʻulua e noi aku i ke kōkua me nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki i ka hoʻoikaika mālie e like me nā hele pōkole ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kou pae ikehu i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe.
Hoʻokomo nā koho mālama ʻeha mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ka counter a i nā koho kuhikuhi inā pono. Hiki i kāu hui mālama ke kuhikuhi i ke ala maikaʻi loa ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona kikoʻī a me ka papahana lapaʻau.
Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu hālāwai e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mea nui loa mai kāu manawa me kāu mea mālama ola. Ke hoʻonohonoho pono a ʻike nui ʻana e ʻae i nā kūkākūkā hua i kāu mau hopohopo a me nā koho lapaʻau.
E kākau i kāu mau hōʻailona a pau, me ka wā i hoʻomaka ai, pehea pinepine lākou e kū mai ai, a he aha ka mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi paha. E hoʻokomo i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i nā loli i kou mau ʻano hele ʻana i ka lua, nā pae ʻeha, a i ʻole nā hopohopo ʻē aʻe āu i ʻike ai.
E lawe mai i kahi papa inoa o nā lāʻau a pau āu e lawe nei, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ka counter, nā mea hoʻohui, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi, e hōʻuluʻulu i kāu mōʻaukala lapaʻau, me nā kanesa ma mua, nā kūlana ʻōnaehana pale, a i ʻole nā ʻoki kino.
E hoʻomākaukau i nā nīnau āu e makemake ai e nīnau i kāu kauka. E noʻonoʻo e nīnau e pili ana i kāu ʻike, nā koho lapaʻau, nā hopena hiki ke loaʻa, a me ka mea e manaʻo ai i ka wā hoʻōla. Mai hopohopo e nīnau i nā nīnau he nui - makemake kāu kauka iā ʻoe e ʻike nui.
E noʻonoʻo e lawe mai i kahi hoa aloha a i ʻole ʻohana hilinaʻi i kāu hālāwai. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo manaʻo a kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻike nui i kūkākūkā ʻia i kāu kipa.
ʻO ka kanesa anal, ʻoiai he mea koʻikoʻi, he mea hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wā e hopu koke ʻia ai, me ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e loaʻa ana ka hoʻōla piha. ʻO ke kī ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokaʻulua i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mālama lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona mau e hopohopo ai ʻoe.
ʻO ka pale ʻana ma o ka hoʻokani ʻana i ka HPV a me ka nānā maʻamau no nā kānaka pilikia kiʻekiʻe e hāʻawi i ka pale maikaʻi loa e kūʻē i ka ulu ʻana o ka kanesa anal. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻike, e hoʻomanaʻo ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui nā hopena lapaʻau i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
ʻO kāu hui mālama ola kou hoa ikaika loa i kēia huakaʻi. Loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻike nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka kanesa anal a e hana pū me ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi papahana lapaʻau e hoʻoponopono i kāu mau pono lapaʻau a me nā hopohopo o ke ola maikaʻi.
E noho pili me kāu ʻōnaehana kākoʻo, e hahai i kāu papahana lapaʻau, a mai hoʻokaʻulua e kamaʻilio me kāu hui lapaʻau e pili ana i nā hopohopo. Me ka mālama kūpono a me ke kākoʻo, hele ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka kanesa anal e ola i nā ola piha a olakino.
ʻAʻole, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano kanesa anal a me colorectal, kahi e kū mai ana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kāu ʻōnaehana ʻai. E ulu ana ka kanesa anal i ka anus, ʻoiai e kū mai ana ka kanesa colorectal i ka colon a i ʻole rectum. Loaʻa iā lākou nā kumu, nā mea pilikia, a me nā ala lapaʻau ʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ʻelua mau mea hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wā e ʻike koke ʻia ai.
ʻAe, hiki pinepine ke hoʻōla piha ʻia ka kanesa anal, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā e hopu ʻia ai i nā pae mua. ʻO ka nui o ka ola ʻelima makahiki no ka kanesa anal localized ma mua o 80%. Loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i mālama ʻia me ka hui maʻamau o ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy ka remission piha a noho ʻole i ka kanesa no ka manawa lōʻihi.
ʻAʻole pono ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka kanesa anal i ka ʻoki kino ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau mua. Hoʻohana ka ala maʻamau i ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy pū, he mea maikaʻi loa ia. Mālama ʻia ka ʻoki kino inā ʻaʻole pane piha ka kanesa i ka lapaʻau mua a i ʻole inā hoʻi mai ma hope o ka lapaʻau.
ʻO ka lapaʻau maʻamau e lōʻihi ana ma kahi o 6-8 mau pule, me ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy i hāʻawi ʻia i ka manawa like. E loaʻa pinepine iā ʻoe ka radiation therapy ʻelima lā i ka hebedoma i kēia manawa, me ka chemotherapy i hāʻawi ʻia i nā lā kikoʻī. E hilinaʻi kāu papahana lapaʻau kikoʻī i kāu papahana lapaʻau pilikino a me ke ʻano o kou pane i ka therapy.
ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā hana e hoʻemi ai i kou pilikia ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka HPV. Hiki i kou ʻōnaehana pale ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā maʻi HPV maoli, a ke kākoʻo nei ka mālama ʻana i ka olakino maikaʻi i kēia kaʻina hana. ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka, ka loaʻa ʻana o nā nānā maʻamau, a me ka hahai ʻana i nā kuhikuhi nānā hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike koke ʻana i nā loli i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai.
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