He aha ka Palapala Aortic Bicuspid? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, & Lapaʻau

ʻO ka palapala aortic bicuspid kahi kūlana o ka naʻau kahi i loaʻa ai i kāu palapala aortic ʻelua mau lau ma mua o nā ʻekolu maʻamau. ʻO kēia ka mea i ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka hemahema o ka naʻau i hānau ʻia, e pili ana i ka 1-2% o ka heluna kanaka. ʻOiai he nui nā kānaka e ola ana i nā ola maʻamau me kēia kūlana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia i kou wā e ulu ai, ʻo ia ke kumu e pono ai ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana no kou olakino.

He aha ka Palapala Aortic Bicuspid?

Hana kāu palapala aortic e like me ka puka hoʻokahi ala ma waena o ke keʻena pāʻani nui o kou naʻau a me ke kīʻaha nui loa o kou kino. Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, loaʻa i kēia palapala ʻekolu mau ʻāpana triangular i kapa ʻia ʻo nā lau e wehe a pani me kēlā me kēia kuʻi naʻau. Me ka palapala aortic bicuspid, hānau ʻia ʻoe me ʻelua wale nō lau ma mua o ʻekolu.

E noʻonoʻo e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka puka me ʻelua panela ma mua o ʻekolu. ʻOiai hiki iā ia ke hana i kāna hana o ka kaohi ʻana i ke kahe koko, ʻaʻole like loa ke ʻano me ka mea i loaʻa i ka hapanui o nā kānaka. Hiki i kēia ʻokoʻa i ke ʻano ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana maikaʻi ʻana o ka palapala ma hope o kekahi manawa.

Aia ke kūlana mai ka hānau ʻana mai, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ulu ana ia ʻoiai ʻoe e noho ana i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻAʻole ʻike ka hapanui o nā kānaka iā lākou a hiki i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i ka wā e ulu ai nā hōʻailona ma hope i ke ola.

He aha nā Hōʻailona o ka Palapala Aortic Bicuspid?

ʻAʻole ʻike ka nui o nā kānaka me ka palapala aortic bicuspid i kekahi hōʻailona, ​​​​ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka wā ʻōpio. I ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona, ​​​​e ulu mālie lākou i ka wā e emi ai ka hana o ka palapala ma hope o kekahi manawa.

Eia nā hōʻailona maʻamau loa āu e ʻike ai:

• ʻEha umauma a i ʻole ʻoluʻolu ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā o ka hana kino
• Pōkole o ka hanu i ka wā o ka hoʻoikaika kino a i ʻole i ka wā e moe pālahalaha ana
• Manaʻo luhi a nāwaliwali paha i ka wā o nā hana maʻamau
• Nāwaliwali a i ʻole ka manaʻo palaualelo, ʻoi aku hoʻi me ka hoʻoikaika kino
• Nā kuʻi naʻau a i ʻole nā ​​kuʻi naʻau kūpono ʻole
• ʻEhu i kou mau wāwae, kuʻekuʻe wāwae, a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae

ʻO ka maʻamau, e ulu mai kēia mau hōʻailona ke lilo ka valve i stenotic (ʻāpana) a regurgitant (leaky). ʻO ka mea maikaʻi, e ulu mālie pinepine nā hōʻailona, e hāʻawi ana iā ʻoe a me kāu kauka i ka manawa e nānā ai a hoʻolālā i ka mālama inā pono.

He aha nā ʻano o ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

Hoʻokano nā kauka i nā bicuspid aortic valves ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā lau ʻelua a me nā cusps i hoʻohui ʻia. ʻO ka ʻano maʻamau loa ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā cusps lei a hema, kahi e hana ai ma kahi o 70-85% o nā hihia.

ʻO ka lua o ke ʻano ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cusp lei ʻākau me ka cusp non-coronary. Hana kēia ma kahi o 15-30% o nā kānaka me ke kūlana. ʻAʻole pinepine, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i nā left coronary a me nā non-coronary cusps.

ʻOiai paha he paʻakikī kēia mau kikoʻī loea, ʻo ka mea nui loa ka hana maikaʻi o kāu valve kikoʻī. Hiki i kāu cardiologist ke hoʻoholo i kāu ʻano ma o nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi a wehewehe i ka mea āna i manaʻo ai no kāu kūlana kikoʻī.

He aha ka mea e hoʻokumu ai i ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

ʻO ka bicuspid aortic valve he kūlana congenital, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ulu ana ia i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻAʻole maopopo loa ke kumu pololei, akā manaʻo nā mea noiʻi ua hopena ia mai nā launa pilikia ma waena o nā kumu genetic a me nā mea kūlohelohe.

He kuleana nui nā genetics i kēia kūlana. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka bicuspid aortic valve, aia kahi manawa 10% e loaʻa paha i kāu mau hoahānau mua (mākua, kaikuaʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​keiki) pū kekahi. ʻOi aku kēia ma mua o ka pilikia o ka lehulehu o 1-2%.

Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau syndromes genetic me ka bicuspid aortic valve, me ka Turner syndrome, Marfan syndrome, a me kekahi mau maʻi connective tissue. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe o ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka bicuspid aortic valve i kēia mau kūlana hou.

Hiki nō hoʻi ke komo mai nā kumu kūlohelohe i ka wā hāpai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻike maopopo ʻia nā mea hoʻoulu kūikawā. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ai, ʻaʻohe mea āu a i ʻole kou mau mākua i hana ai i kēia kūlana - ʻo ia wale nō ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o kou naʻau ma mua o ka hānau ʻana.

I ka Wā e ʻIke Ai i ke Kauka no ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

Pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i nā pilikia naʻau, ʻoiai inā ua like lākou me ka māmā i ka hoʻomaka. Hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana ke hoʻolilo i kahi ʻokoʻa nui i ka hoʻokele pono ʻana i kēia kūlana.

E kelepona i kāu mea mālama ola inā ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻeha umauma, ka hanu pōkole, ka luhi maʻamau ʻole, ka dizziness, a i ʻole ka palpitations naʻau. Pono kēia mau hōʻailona i ka loiloi, ʻoiai inā loaʻa lākou i ka wā o ka hana kino a i ʻole e like me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka manawa.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka bicuspid aortic valve a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana naʻau congenital ʻē aʻe, e haʻi aku i kēia i kāu kauka i ka wā o nā nānā maʻamau. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻōlelo aku i nā hoʻokolohua palekana e like me ka echocardiogram e nānā i ke ʻano a me ka hana o kou naʻau.

No ka poʻe i ʻike mua ʻia me ka bicuspid aortic valve, he mea nui nā hālāwai hoʻomau mau. E hoʻoholo kāu cardiologist i ka pinepine o kāu pono e nānā ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kāu valve.

He aha nā Kumu Hōʻino no ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

ʻOiai he kūlana congenital ka bicuspid aortic valve, ʻaʻole pili nā kumu pilikia maʻamau e like me nā koho nohona i ke ala like me kā lākou hana no nā kūlana naʻau ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i kou manawa e loaʻa ai kēia kūlana a i ʻole e hoʻomohala i nā pilikia.

ʻO ka mea pilikia ikaika loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka bicuspid aortic valve a i ʻole nā ​​kīnā naʻau congenital ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne i kēia kūlana ma mua o nā wahine, me ka lakio o kahi 3:1.

Hoʻonui kekahi mau kūlana genetic i kou pilikia, me ka Turner syndrome, Marfan syndrome, a me ka Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, e nānā paha kāu kauka no ka bicuspid aortic valve.

Lilo ka makahiki i mea pilikia no nā pilikia ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kūlana ponoʻī. I kou wā e ulu ai, hiki i ke ʻano valve ʻino ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me ka stenosis a i ʻole ka regurgitation, ʻoi aku ka maopopo ʻana ma kāu mau makahiki 40, 50, a i ʻole 60.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

ʻOiai he nui ka poʻe me ka bicuspid aortic valve e ola ana i ke ola maʻamau, hiki i ke kūlana ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia ma hope o kekahi manawa. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho ʻike a hana pū me kāu hui olakino e pale a hoʻokele pono iā lākou.

ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau loa e komo pū ana:

• Aortic stenosis - lilo ka valve i kahi ʻāpana a kāohi i ke kahe koko
• Aortic regurgitation - lilo ka valve i ka leaki a kahe hope ka koko
• Aortic root dilation - ulu nui ka artery nui e haʻalele ana i kou naʻau
• Endocarditis - maʻi o ka valve naʻau
• Heart failure - i ka wā ʻaʻole hiki i kou naʻau ke pūpū koko me ka maikaʻi
• Arrhythmias - nā ʻano naʻau kūpono ʻole

Pono ka nānā kūikawā i ka Aortic root dilation no ka mea hiki ke loaʻa ʻoiai ke hana maikaʻi nei ka valve ponoʻī. Hiki i kēia hoʻonui ʻana o ka aorta ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka aortic dissection, ʻoiai he mea maʻamau ʻole kēia.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, ʻo ka nānā mau ʻana ke kōkua i ka ʻike mua ʻana i kēia mau pilikia, i ka wā e mālama maikaʻi ʻia ai. Hoʻomohala mālie ka hapa nui o nā pilikia ma nā makahiki a i ʻole nā ​​decades, e hāʻawi ana iā ʻoe a me kāu hui lapaʻau i ka manawa e hoʻolālā ai i nā hana kūpono.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka valve aortic bicuspid e hoʻomaka pinepine me ka hoʻolohe ʻana o kāu kauka i kou naʻau me ka stethoscope. He nui nā kānaka me kēia kūlana i ka murmur naʻau - kahi leo keu e hana ʻia ke kahe ke koko ma o ka valve maʻi.

Inā manaʻo kāu kauka he pilikia i ka valve naʻau, e kauoha paha lākou i kahi echocardiogram. Hoʻokumu kēia hoʻokolohua ultrasound ʻole i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o kou naʻau a hōʻike i ke ʻano a me ka hana o kāu valve. ʻO ia ka hoʻokolohua nui loa no ka ʻike ʻana i ka valve aortic bicuspid.

Hiki ke komo pū nā hoʻokolohua hou aku i kahi electrocardiogram (ECG) e nānā i ka hana uila o kou naʻau, a i ʻole kahi X-ray umauma e ʻike i ka nui a me ke ʻano o kou naʻau. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā kiʻi hou aku e like me ka MRI naʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​scan CT.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka valve aortic bicuspid, makemake nō hoʻi kāu kauka e nānā i ka dilation aortic. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, e komo kēia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka aorta holoʻokoʻa e nānā i kekahi hoʻonui ʻana e pono ai ke nānā a i ʻole ka mālama.

He aha ka mālama ʻana no ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka valve aortic bicuspid e hilinaʻi ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kāu valve a inā ʻoe e ʻike ana i nā hōʻailona. He nui nā kānaka me nā valves hana maikaʻi e pono wale i ka nānā mau ʻana me ka ʻole o ka mālama koke.

No ka poʻe me nā pilikia valve māmā a ʻaʻohe hōʻailona, ​​e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i kahi ala

E hana pū kāu kauka naʻau me ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ke ala lapaʻau maikaʻi loa e pili ana i kou kūlana kūikawā, makahiki, olakino holoʻokoʻa, a me nā makemake pilikino. ʻO ka pahuhopu mau loa, ʻo ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i ka maikaʻi o ke ola maikaʻi loa.

Pehea e Mālama Ai iā ʻOe Iho me ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

ʻO ke ola maikaʻi me ka bicuspid aortic valve, ʻo ia ka noʻonoʻo mau ʻana i kou kūlana a hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka. Hiki i ka hapanui o nā kānaka ke mālama i nā ola hana, ola maikaʻi me ka mālama pono a me ka nānā.

E mālama i nā hālāwai kauka naʻau maʻamau, ʻoiai inā ʻoluʻolu ʻoe. Kōkua kēia mau kipa i kāu kauka e hahai i nā loli i ka hana o kāu valve a hopu i nā pilikia hiki mai i ka wā mua. Mai haʻalele i nā hālāwai no ka mea maikaʻi kou ʻano.

E mālama i ka maʻemaʻe o nā niho a haʻi aku i kāu kauka niho e pili ana i kou kūlana naʻau. ʻOiai he palekana maʻamau nā hana niho maʻamau, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā lāʻau ʻalopona ma mua o kekahi mau hana niho e pale aku ai i ka maʻi.

E noho ikaika kino i loko o nā palena i ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu kauka naʻau. He pono ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau no ke olakino naʻau, akā pono paha ʻoe e pale aku i nā hana ikaika loa a i ʻole nā ​​haʻuki hoʻokūkū ma muli o ka hana o kāu valve.

E ola i kahi ola olakino naʻau ma ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai momona, mālama i ka kaumaha olakino, ʻaʻole puhipaka, a mālama i ke kaumaha. He pōmaikaʻi kēia mau ʻano no nā kānaka a pau akā he mea nui loa ia ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kūlana naʻau.

Pehea ʻoe e Hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu Hālāwai Kauka?

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu hālāwai kauka naʻau e kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa ka mea nui loa mai kāu kipa. E hoʻomaka ma ka kākau ʻana i nā hōʻailona āu i ʻike ai, ʻoiai inā he mea liʻiliʻi a pili ʻole paha i kou naʻau.

E lawe mai i ka papa inoa o nā lāʻau āu e lawe nei, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ka counter a me nā mea hoʻohui. E ʻohi pū i nā hopena hoʻokolohua mua a i ʻole nā ​​moʻolelo lapaʻau e pili ana i kou kūlana naʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi kauka hou.

E hoʻomākaukau i nā nīnau e pili ana i kou kūlana, nā koho mālama, nā palena hana, a me ka mea e manaʻo ai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Mai kānalua e nīnau i kekahi mea e hopohopo ai ʻoe - makemake kāu kauka e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kou kūlana.

E noʻonoʻo e lawe mai i kahi lālā ʻohana a hoaaloha paha i nā hālāwai koʻikoʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻike a hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo i ka wā o nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i nā koho mālama.

He aha ka mea nui e pili ana i ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve?

ʻO ka bicuspid aortic valve kahi kūlana hiki ke mālama ʻia e ola nui nā kānaka me ia i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiai e pono ai ka nānā mau ʻana o nā kauka, hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me kēia kūlana ke leʻaleʻa i nā ola ola maʻamau a hana nui me ka mālama pono a me ka nānā.

ʻO ka mea nui loa āu e hiki ai ke hana, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ka hahai mau ʻana me kahi cardiologist e hoʻomaopopo ana i kou kūlana. ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana i nā loli i ka hana o ka valve e ʻae i ka hoʻoponopono koke inā pono.

E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole i hoʻomaopopo ʻia kou ola a i ʻole nā ​​moemoeā e ka bicuspid aortic valve. Me nā holomua lapaʻau a me nā koho mālama o kēia wā, hiki i nā kānaka me kēia kūlana ke manaʻo i nā hopena maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi o ke ola ke hana pili pono lākou me ko lākou hui olakino.

Nā Nīnau Pinepine e pili ana i ka Bicuspid Aortic Valve

Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoikaika kino me ka bicuspid aortic valve?

Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka bicuspid aortic valve ke hoʻoikaika kino me ka palekana, akā ʻo ka ikaika a me ke ʻano o ka hana e hilinaʻi ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kāu valve. Inā hana maʻamau kāu valve a ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona, ​​hiki paha iā ʻoe ke komo i ka hapa nui o nā hana. Eia naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia valve nui, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo e pale aku i nā haʻuki kiʻekiʻe a hoʻokūkū paha. E kūkākūkā mau i kāu mau hoʻolālā hoʻoikaika kino me kāu cardiologist e kiʻi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo pilikino e pili ana i kou kūlana kikoʻī.

E pono anei iaʻu ka ʻoki kino no kaʻu bicuspid aortic valve?

ʻAʻole pono nā kānaka a pau me ka palapala ʻelua o ka puka aortic i ka ʻoki kino. Nui nā kānaka e ola ana i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa me ka nānā wale ʻana. E pono ka ʻoki kino ke hoʻokumu ka puka i nā hōʻailona nui, hoʻoemi nui i ke kahe koko, a i ʻole e ʻae i ka nui o ke koko e kahe hope. E loiloi pono kāu kauka i ka hana o kāu puka, nā hōʻailona, ​​a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa e hoʻoholo ai inā a i ka wā e pono ai ka ʻoki kino. ʻO ka hoʻoholo mau loa ia e pili ana i kou kūlana kūikawā.

Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka palapala ʻelua o ka puka aortic i kaʻu mau keiki?

ʻAe, hiki i ka palapala ʻelua o ka puka aortic ke holo i loko o nā ʻohana. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia kūlana, aia kahi manawa o 10% o kēlā me kēia o kāu mau keiki e loaʻa pū kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka pilikia o ka lehulehu. Eia naʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi he 90% ka manawa ʻaʻole lākou e loaʻa. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aʻo i kāu mau hoahānau o ka papa mua (mau keiki, nā kaikuaʻana, nā mākua) e loaʻa nā echocardiograms nānā e nānā i kēia kūlana, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā lākou nā hōʻailona pili i ka naʻau.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka palapala ʻelua o ka puka aortic a me nā pilikia puka naʻau ʻē aʻe?

ʻO ka palapala ʻelua o ka puka aortic kahi ʻokoʻa kūkulu i hānau ʻia ʻoe, ʻoiai nā pilikia puka ʻē aʻe e ulu pinepine ana ma hope o ka manawa ma muli o ka ʻelemakule, ka maʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​kumu ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i ka puka bicuspid ʻelua mau lau ma kahi o ʻekolu, kahi e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i nā pilikia i kou wā ʻelemakule. Hiki i nā kūlana puka ʻē aʻe ke komo i nā puka ʻekolu-lau maʻamau e hōʻino ʻia a maʻi paha. Hiki ke like nā ala lapaʻau, akā hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kumu a me ka holomua.

Pehea pinepine wau e pono ai i nā hālāwai hahai?

ʻO ka pinepine o ka hahai ʻana ma hope mai e hilinaʻi ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kāu valve. Inā hana maʻamau kāu valve aortic bicuspid, pono paha ʻoe i ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki. Inā aia nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia valve e ulu ana, makemake paha kāu kauka e ʻike iā ʻoe i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i ʻole pinepine loa. Pono paha nā poʻe me ka hana ʻole nui o ka valve i ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia 6 mau mahina. E hana kāu cardiologist i kahi papa hana hahai pilikino e pili ana i kāu hana valve kūikawā a me nā pilikia e pili ana e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka aortic.