He aha ka Cataracts? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, a me ka Lapaʻau

Hiki mai nā cataracts i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ai ka lens maoli i loko o kou maka, e hoʻolilo ana i kou ʻike maka i ʻāpala a i ʻole dim. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka nānā ʻana ma o ka puka makani ʻāpala e hoʻonui mālie ana i ka manawa. He maʻi maʻamau loa kēia e pili ana i nā miliona o nā kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, a ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou.

He aha nā cataracts?

ʻO ka cataract kahi hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka lens maoli o kou maka, aia ma hope o ka ʻāpana kala o kou maka (ka iris). He maopopo maʻamau kou lens a kōkua i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka mālamalama i ka hope o kou maka i ʻike maopopo ai ʻoe.

Ke hoʻomaka nā protein i loko o ka lens e hoʻopili pū, hana lākou i nā wahi ʻāpala e pale a i ʻole hoʻolaha i ka mālamalama. Hana kēia i kou ʻike maka ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka ʻoi a hiki ke hoʻokumu i ka glare a i ʻole nā ​​halos a puni nā kukui.

Hoʻomālie nā cataracts i ka nui ma luna o nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​makahiki. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i nā loli i kou ʻike maka i ka mua, akā, i ka ulu ʻana o ka cataract, ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻia.

He aha nā hōʻailona o nā cataracts?

Hoʻomālie nā hōʻailona o ka cataract, a ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i ka loli o kou ʻike maka i ka mua. Eia nā hōʻailona i ʻike nui ʻia e nā kānaka i ka holomua ʻana o nā cataracts:

• ʻIke maka ʻāpala a i ʻole cloudy e hoʻonui ana i ka manawa
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka maʻalahi i ka mālamalama a me ka glare
• ʻIke ʻana i nā halos a puni nā kukui, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka pō
• Nā kala e ʻike ʻia he palupalu a melemele paha
• ʻIke maka maikaʻi ʻole i ka pō a i ʻole ka pilikia i ka holo ʻana i ka pōʻeleʻele
• ʻIke maka pālua i hoʻokahi maka
• Nā loli pinepine i kāu palapala kuhikuhi maka aniani
• Pono i ka mālamalama ʻoi aku ka mālamalama no ka heluhelu a i ʻole ka hana kokoke

Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hoʻopilikia i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā, akā e hoʻomanaʻo e holomua mālie nā cataracts. E loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manawa e hoʻolālā ai no ka lapaʻau i ka wā e mākaukau ai ʻoe.

He aha nā ʻano o nā cataracts?

Hoʻokano ʻia nā cataracts ma muli o kahi i hana ʻia ai lākou i loko o kou lens. Hoʻopili kēlā me kēia ʻano i kou ʻike maka ma nā ʻano ʻokoʻa iki.

Hana ʻia nā cataracts nuclear i ka waenakonu o ka lens a ʻo ia ka ʻano maʻamau e pili ana i ka ʻelemakule. Hoʻokumu pinepine lākou i ka nearsightedness i ka mua, a ʻike paha ʻoe i ka maikaʻi a kokoke aku no kekahi manawa.

Hoʻomaka nā cataracts cortical ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka lens a hana i ko lākou ala i ka waenakonu. Hana lākou i nā opacities wedge-shaped e hiki ke hoʻokumu i ka glare a me nā pilikia me ka contrast.

Hoʻomohala ʻia nā cataracts posterior subcapsular ma hope o ka lens. Hoʻomau pinepine kēia mau mea ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe a hiki ke hoʻopili nui i kou ʻike maka heluhelu a me ka ʻike maka i ka mālamalama.

Aia nā cataracts congenital i ka hānau ʻana a i ʻole e hoʻomohala i ka wā kamaliʻi. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻamau, pono lākou i ka nānā koke ʻana e pale aku i nā pilikia ʻike maka i nā manawa hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi.

He aha nā kumu o nā cataracts?

Hoʻomohala ka hapa nui o nā cataracts ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana maoli o ka ʻelemakule, akā hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻokomo i ko lākou hoʻokumu ʻana. Hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau kumu ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo ʻike e pili ana i kou olakino maka.

ʻO ka makahiki ka kumu maʻamau loa. Ma hope o 40 mau makahiki, hoʻomaka nā protein i loko o kou lens e haki a hoʻopili pū maoli. Ma ka makahiki 60, loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka kekahi pae o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka cataract.

ʻO nā kumu maʻamau ʻē aʻe:

• Ka maʻi diabetes, hiki ke hoʻokumu i nā cataracts e hoʻomohala mua
• Ka hoʻohana lōʻihi o nā lāʻau corticosteroid
• ʻEha a i ʻole mumū maka ma mua
• Ka hoʻolaha nui o ka mālamalama UV ma luna o nā makahiki he nui
• Ka puhi paka, e pāpālua ana i kou pilikia
• Ka inu nui o ka waiʻona
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi akā he mau kumu nui nā hoʻolaha radiation, kekahi mau maʻi genetic, a me ka hana ʻoki maka ma mua. Hānau ʻia kekahi mau pēpē me nā cataracts ma muli o nā maʻi i ka wā hāpai a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana genetic.

I ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka no nā cataracts?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kahi hōʻike maka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi loli i kou ʻike maka, ʻoiai inā he mea liʻiliʻi lākou. Kōkua ka ʻike mua i kāu kauka maka e nānā i ka holomua a hoʻolālā i ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka lapaʻau.

E hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu kauka maka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli ʻike maka koke, glare nui e hoʻolilo i ka holo ʻana i ka palekana ʻole, a i ʻole inā ke hoʻopilikia nei nā cataracts i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā. Mai kali inā pilikia ʻoe i ka heluhelu, ka nānā ʻana i ka TV, a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i nā hana āu e hauʻoli ai.

He mea nui loa nā hōʻike maka maʻamau ma hope o 60 mau makahiki, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻike i nā cataracts ma mua o ko lākou hoʻopili nui ʻana i kou ʻike maka.

He aha nā mea pilikia no nā cataracts?

ʻOiai ka ʻelemakule ka mea pilikia nui loa, hiki i kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe ke hoʻonui i kou hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā cataracts. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kaohi i kekahi o kēia mau mea, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kaohi i kekahi.

Nā mea hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi:

• Makahiki (hoʻonui ka pilikia ma hope o 40)
• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā cataracts
• ʻEha a i ʻole hana ʻoki maka ma mua
• Kekahi mau maʻi genetic
• Ke wahine ʻana (nui iki ka pilikia o nā wahine)

Nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopilikia:

• Ka puhi paka (hoʻemi ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pilikia)
• Ka inu nui o ka waiʻona
• Ka maʻi diabetes i kaohi ʻole ʻia
• Ka hoʻolaha lōʻihi o ka lā me ka pale maka ʻole
• Ka ʻai maikaʻi ʻole e nele ana i nā antioxidants
• Ka hoʻohana lōʻihi o kekahi mau lāʻau

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e hoʻomohala maoli ʻoe i nā cataracts, akā, ke ʻike ʻana ke kōkua iā ʻoe e lawe i nā hana pale a nānā pono i kou olakino maka.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i nā cataracts?

Inā waiho ʻole ʻia, hiki i nā cataracts ke alakaʻi i kekahi mau pilikia, ʻoiai he mea maʻamau ʻole nā ​​pilikia koʻikoʻi me ka mālama maka maʻamau. Ke hoʻomaopopo nei i kēia mau mea hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo ʻike e pili ana i ka manawa lapaʻau.

ʻO ka pilikia maʻamau loa ka hoʻonui wale ʻana o ka ʻike maka e hoʻopilikia ana i kou ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻolilo i ka holo ʻana i ka pōʻino, hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana, a hoʻemi i kou maikaʻi o ke ola.

ʻOi aku ka koʻikoʻi akā he mau pilikia liʻiliʻi:

• ʻIke maka piha i ka maka i pilikia
• Ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaomi maka (glaucoma) i nā hihia liʻiliʻi
• Ka mumū i loko o ka maka
• Ka pilikia i ka hana ʻana i nā hōʻike maka maʻamau e nānā ai no nā kūlana ʻē aʻe

ʻAʻole pinepine, hiki i ka cataract i mālama ʻole ʻia ke hoʻokumu i ka lens e pehu a pale i ka hoʻokahe wai, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaomi maka ʻeha. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui ka nānā maʻamau.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, he holomua loa ka hana ʻoki cataract, a hiki ke pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā pilikia me ka lapaʻau manawa.

Pehea e pale aku ai i nā cataracts?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke pale loa i nā cataracts pili i ka makahiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kekahi mau hana e hoʻemi i kou pilikia a hoʻomālie i ko lākou holomua. Kūpono kēia mau ʻano ola maikaʻi i kou olakino maka holoʻokoʻa pū kekahi.

Pale i kou mau maka mai ka radiation UV ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā aniani e pale ana i ka 100% o nā kukuna UVA a me UVB. Hāʻawi ka pāpale ākea i ka pale hou aku, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā hola lā kiʻekiʻe.

Mālama i ka olakino holoʻokoʻa maikaʻi ma o:

• ʻAʻole puhi paka a haʻalele paha inā puhi ʻoe i kēia manawa
• Ka palena ʻana i ka inu waiʻona
• Ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe
• Ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai waiwai i nā antioxidants (nā hua a me nā huaʻai)
• Ke loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau
• Ke loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻike maka maʻamau

Manaʻo kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki i nā huaora C a me E, me nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka lutein a me ka zeaxanthin (e like me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo), ke kōkua i ka hoʻomālie ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka cataract. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia nā mea hoʻohui e pale aku i nā cataracts.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai nā cataracts?

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā cataracts e pili ana i kahi hōʻike maka piha piha ʻole. E hoʻohana kāu kauka maka i kekahi mau ho'āʻo e loiloi i kou ʻike maka a nānā i ka lens o kou maka.

Hoʻomaka maʻamau ka hōʻike me kahi hoʻokolohua ʻike maka, kahi āu e heluhelu ai i nā leka mai kahi palapala maka. E ho'āʻo pū kāu kauka i kou ʻike maka ʻaoʻao a nānā i ka maikaʻi o kou ʻike maka ma nā mamao like ʻole.

No ka nānā pololei ʻana i kou lens, e hoʻonui kāu kauka i kou mau haumāna me nā wai maka. Hana koke kēia i kou ʻike maka ʻāpala a me ka mālamalama, akā ʻae ia i kahi ʻike maopopo o kou lens a me ka hope o kou maka.

Hiki i nā ho'āʻo hou ke komo pū me ke ana ʻana i ke kaomi i loko o kou maka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana kūikawā e kiʻi i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o kou lens. Kōkua kēia mau ho'āʻo e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano, kahi, a me ka nui o kāu cataracts.

Hoʻopau maʻamau ka hōʻike holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola, a pono ʻoe i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma muli o nā wai hoʻonui.

He aha ka lapaʻau no nā cataracts?

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka lapaʻau cataract ma ka nui o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o ke kūlana i kou ola o kēlā me kēia lā. I nā pae mua, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e pono i ka lapaʻau ma mua o ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāu palapala kuhikuhi maka aniani.

Hiki i nā ala ʻole ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona māmā:

• Nā aniani ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​lenses hoʻopili
• Nā pale anti-glare ma nā aniani
• Mālamalama ʻoi aku ka mālamalama no ka heluhelu a me ka hana kokoke
• Nā aniani hoʻonui no nā hana kikoʻī
• Nā aniani e hoʻemi i ka glare ma waho

Lilo ka hana ʻoki i ka lapaʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā e hoʻopilikia ai nā cataracts i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole ka maikaʻi o ke ola. ʻO ka hana ʻoki cataract kekahi o nā hana maʻamau a holomua loa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

I ka wā o ka hana ʻoki, e wehe ʻia kou lens ʻāpala a pani ʻia me ka lens artificial maopopo i kapa ʻia ʻo ka intraocular lens (IOL). Hoʻopau maʻamau ka hana i 15-20 mau minuke a hana ʻia ma kahi outpatient.

Loaʻa i ka hana ʻoki cataract hou he holomua ma luna o 95%, a ʻike ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻana i ko lākou ʻike maka i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole nā ​​hebedoma.

Pehea e mālama ai i nā cataracts ma ka home?

ʻOiai ke kali nei no ka hana ʻoki a i ʻole ke mālama ʻana i nā cataracts mua, hiki i kekahi mau hoʻolālā home ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike maikaʻi a noho palekana. ʻAʻole e ho'ōla kēia mau ala i nā cataracts akā hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ʻoluʻolu a me ka hana o kēlā me kēia lā.

Hoʻomaikaʻi i kou mālamalama ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukui ʻoi aku ka mālamalama a me ka hoʻonoho ʻana i nā kukui e hoʻemi i nā aka. Hiki i nā kukui heluhelu a me nā kukui ma lalo o ke keʻena ke hoʻomaʻalahi i nā hana kikoʻī.

Ho'emi i ka glare ma o:

• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pale a i ʻole nā ​​pale e kaohi i ka mālamalama kūlohelohe
• Ke komo ʻana i ka pāpale me ka brim ma waho
• Ke koho ʻana i nā mea hoʻopau matte ma mua o nā ʻili glossy
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pale pale anti-glare ma nā hāmeʻa

E hoʻolilo i kou home i palekana ma ka wehe ʻana i nā pilikia hāʻule, ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā paipu ma nā kaupaku, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kala kūʻē e hōʻike i nā ʻaoʻao a me nā ʻanuʻu. Hiki i nā kukui pō ke kōkua iā ʻoe e holo maikaʻi i ka mālamalama haʻahaʻa.

E noʻonoʻo i nā mea hana hoʻonui no ka heluhelu, a mai kānalua e noi aku no ke kōkua me nā hana i lilo i mea paʻakikī. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻololi ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kou kūʻokoʻa ʻoiai ke mālama nei i nā cataracts.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu hālāwai kauka?

Ke hoʻomākaukau nei no kāu hālāwai maka e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mea nui loa mai kāu kipa a kōkua i kāu kauka e hāʻawi i ka mālama maikaʻi loa. He ala lōʻihi ka hoʻomākaukau iki.

E kākau i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​me ka wā āu i ʻike mua ai i nā loli a pehea lākou e hoʻopilikia ai i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā. E kūikawā e pili ana i nā pilikia me ka holo ʻana, ka heluhelu, a i ʻole nā ​​hana ʻē aʻe.

E lawe mai i kahi papa inoa piha o:

• Nā lāʻau āpau āu e lawe ai, me nā lāʻau over-the-counter
• Kekahi mau wai maka a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui
• Kāu mōʻaukala lapaʻau, ʻoi aku hoʻi ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha maka
• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā pilikia maka
• Kāu mau aniani a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻopili i kēia manawa

E hoʻomākaukau i nā nīnau e pili ana i nā koho lapaʻau, ka manawa hana ʻoki, a me ka mea e manaʻo ai. Mai hopohopo e nīnau i nā nīnau he nui - makemake kāu kauka iā ʻoe e manaʻo ʻike a ʻoluʻolu.

E hoʻonohonoho no ka lawe ʻana i ka home, ʻoiai e hoʻonui ʻia kāu mau haumāna. E lawe mai i nā aniani e kōkua i ka mālamalama ma hope o ka hōʻike.

He aha ka lawe ʻana i ka mea nui e pili ana i nā cataracts?

He kūlana maʻamau loa a mālama ʻia nā cataracts e hoʻopilikia ana i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ko lākou ʻelemakule. ʻOiai hiki i nā loli ʻike maka mālie ke hopohopo, he holomua loa a palekana nā koho lapaʻau hou.

ʻO ka mea nui loa e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e noho me ka ʻike maka maikaʻi ʻole. Ke hoʻomaka nā cataracts e hoʻopilikia i nā hana āu e hauʻoli ai a i ʻole e pono ai e hana, loaʻa nā koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.

Kōkua nā hōʻike maka maʻamau e hopu i nā cataracts mua a nānā i ko lākou holomua. Hiki i kāu kauka maka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka lapaʻau ma muli o kāu mau pono pilikino a me ke ʻano ola.

Me ka mālama kūpono a me ka lapaʻau manawa, hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me nā cataracts ke manaʻo e hoʻi i ka ʻike maka maopopo, ʻoluʻolu a hoʻomau i ka hauʻoli i nā hana ā lākou e aloha ai.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i nā cataracts

Q1: ʻEha nā cataracts?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole ʻeha nā cataracts. Hoʻomālie lākou a maʻamau ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokumu i kekahi ʻeha a i ʻole ka ʻeha i kou maka. ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka pili ʻana i ka ʻike maka, e like me ka blurriness a i ʻole glare. Inā ʻeha kou maka me nā loli ʻike maka, hiki i kēia ke hōʻike i kekahi kūlana ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka nānā koke ʻana.

Q2: Hiki i nā cataracts ke hoʻi mai ma hope o ka hana ʻoki?

ʻAʻole hiki i nā cataracts ke hoʻi mai no ka mea ua wehe ʻia ka lens maoli i ka wā o ka hana ʻoki. Eia naʻe, hoʻomohala kekahi poʻe i kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka posterior capsule opacification, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ai ka membrane ma hope o kou lens hou. Hiki ke mālama maʻalahi ʻia kēia me kahi hana laser wikiwiki i ke keʻena o kāu kauka.

Q3: Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka kali ʻana ma waena o nā hana ʻoki cataract inā pono nā mālama ʻelua maka?

Manaʻo ka hapa nui o nā kauka e kali i 1-4 mau hebedoma ma waena o nā hana ʻoki e ʻae ai i kou maka mua e ho'ōla pono. Kōkua pū kēia manawa iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka ʻike maka i hoʻokahi maka ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana me ka lua. E hoʻoholo kāu kauka i ka manawa maikaʻi loa ma muli o kāu holomua ho'ōla a me nā pono pilikino.

Q4: E pono nō wau i nā aniani ma hope o ka hana ʻoki cataract?

Hoʻoholo kēia ma ke ʻano o ka intraocular lens āu e koho ai a me kāu mau pahuhopu ʻike maka. Hoʻolako maʻamau nā lens maʻamau i ka ʻike maka mamao maikaʻi, akā pono paha ʻoe i nā aniani heluhelu. Hiki i nā lens premium ke hoʻemi i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā aniani no nā mamao he nui, ʻoiai pono paha ʻoe iā lākou no kekahi mau hana. E kūkākūkā i kāu mau pono ola me kāu kauka.

Q5: He palekana ka hana ʻoki cataract no nā kānaka me ka maʻi diabetes?

ʻAe, he palekana maʻamau ka hana ʻoki cataract no nā kānaka me ka maʻi diabetes, ʻoiai pono ia i ka mālama pono. Pono e kaohi maikaʻi ʻia kāu kō koko ma mua o ka hana ʻoki, a hiki ke lōʻihi iki ka ho'ōla. E hana pū kāu kauka maka me kāu hui mālama diabetes e hōʻoia i nā hopena maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā kānaka me ka maʻi diabetes ke loaʻa maoli ka pōmaikaʻi nui mai ka hana ʻoki cataract ʻoiai ke hoʻomaikaʻi nei i ko lākou hiki ke nānā i ko lākou olakino maka.