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He aha ka Hapai ʻŌiwi? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, a me ka Lapaʻau
He aha ka Hapai ʻŌiwi? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, a me ka Lapaʻau

Health Library

He aha ka Hapai ʻŌiwi? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, a me ka Lapaʻau

October 10, 2025


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Hana ʻia ka hapai ʻōiwi ke kanu ʻia a ulu ka hua i hoʻomakemake ʻia ma waho o kou ʻōpū, ʻoi aku ka nui ma kekahi o kou mau ʻōpū wai. Hana ʻia kēia ma kahi o 1-2% o nā hapai āpau a pono e loaʻa koke ka mālama lapaʻau no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka hapai ke ulu maʻamau ma kēia mau wahi.

ʻOiai hiki i kēia nūhou ke manaʻo nui, hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mea e hana nei i kou kino ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike koke i nā hōʻailona a loaʻa ka mālama āu e pono ai. ʻO ka hapanui o nā wāhine e loaʻa ana i ka hapai ʻōiwi e hele ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hapai olakino ma ka wā e hiki mai ana.

He aha ka hapai ʻōiwi?

Hana ʻia ka hapai ʻōiwi ke hoʻopili ʻia ka hua i hoʻomakemake ʻia ma kahi ʻē aʻe ma mua o loko o kou ʻōpū. I ka hapai maʻamau, hele ka hua i lalo o kou ʻōpū wai a kanu ʻia i loko o ka papa mānoanoa, hānai o kou ʻōpū kahi e hiki ai ke ulu maluhia.

Ke kanu ʻia ka hua ma kahi kūpono ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke ulu i ke keiki olakino. Ma kahi o 90% o nā hapai ʻōiwi e hana ʻia ana i nā ʻōpū wai, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia i kou mau ovaries, cervix, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū.

Hiki i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻiʻo ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia nui ke waiho ʻia me ka mālama ʻole. ʻO kāu ʻōpū wai, no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻolōʻihi e like me kou ʻōpū, no laila, ke ulu ka hapai, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻōpū e haki a alakaʻi i ke kahe koko weliweli.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka hapai ʻōiwi?

Hiki i nā hōʻailona mua o ka hapai ʻōiwi ke like loa me ka hapai maʻamau, ʻo ia ke kumu e paʻakikī ai ka ʻike ʻana i kēia kūlana i ka mua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka manawa like me ka nalowale ʻana o ka manawa, ka ʻoluʻolu o ka umauma, a me ka ʻōpū e like me kekahi hapai.

Eia naʻe, aia kekahi mau hōʻailona hoʻomaopopo e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole e ulu ana ka hapai ma kahi kūpono:

  • ʻEha ʻoi a i ʻole ʻeha ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o kou pelvis a i ʻole ʻōpū
  • Ke kahe koko mai ka ʻōpū e māmā a i ʻole nui ma mua o kou manawa maʻamau
  • ʻEha e ʻoi aku ka ʻino me ka neʻe ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻōhū
  • ʻEha poʻohiwi (hiki kēia ke hana inā hoʻonāukiuki nā aʻalolo i ke kahe koko i loko)
  • Nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā ​​manawa hāʻule
  • ʻEha i ka wā e hele ai i ka lua a i ʻole ka mimi

Inā haki kou ʻōpū wai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻeha ʻōpū koke, nui me ke kahe koko nui. He pilikia lapaʻau koke kēia e pono ai ka mālama koke.

ʻAʻole ʻike kekahi mau wāhine i nā hōʻailona a hiki i ka haki ʻana o ka hapai ʻōiwi. ʻO ia ke kumu e nui ai ka mālama prenatal maʻamau a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hapai mua ke ʻike mua ʻoe ua hapai ʻoe.

He aha nā kumu o ka hapai ʻōiwi?

Hana pinepine ʻia nā hapai ʻōiwi ke hoʻomāmā a i ʻole ke kāohi ʻia kekahi mea i ka huakaʻi o ka hua i hoʻomakemake ʻia ma o kou ʻōpū wai i kou ʻōpū. Ke hiki ʻole i ka hua ke neʻe i mua maʻamau, hiki ke kanu ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū ma kahi.

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻopilikia i kēia kaʻina hana maʻamau:

  • Nā maʻi pelvic mua, ʻoi aku hoʻi mai nā maʻi moekolohe e like me ka chlamydia a i ʻole ka gonorrhea
  • Endometriosis, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻiʻo ʻili
  • Nā hana ʻoki mua ma kou mau ʻōpū wai a i ʻole ka wahi pelvic
  • Nā hemahema hānau e hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o kou mau ʻōpū wai
  • Hapai ʻōiwi mua
  • Pāʻana, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana ʻana o kou mau ʻōpū wai

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā lapaʻau momona e like me ka in vitro fertilization (IVF) ke hoʻonui iki i ka pilikia. Eia naʻe, nui nā wāhine e loaʻa ana i nā hapai ʻōiwi ʻaʻohe kumu pilikia i ʻike ʻia.

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ʻoe i hana i kekahi mea i hana i kēia. ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia nā hapai ʻōiwi i ka hapanui o nā hihia, a ʻaʻole ia he hopena o kekahi mea āu i hiki ke kaohi.

I ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka no ka hapai ʻōiwi?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu mea mālama ola inā hapai ʻoe a loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha pelvic ʻoi, ʻoi aku hoʻi inā hui pū ʻia me ke kahe koko mai ka ʻōpū. ʻOiai inā he māmā kou mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana ma mua o ka kali a ʻike.

E ʻimi i ka mālama lapaʻau pilikia koke inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha ʻōpū nui, ke kahe koko nui, nāwaliwali, a i ʻole ka hāʻule. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻailona ua haki ka hapai ʻōiwi, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola me ka mālama koke ʻole.

Inā ua lawe ʻoe i kahi hōʻoia hapai maikaʻi, hiki i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi hālāwai prenatal mua ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka hapai ʻōiwi ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o nā pilikia. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me nā ultrasounds e hōʻoia i kahi o kāu hapai.

He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻOiai hiki i kekahi wahine ke loaʻa i ka hapai ʻōiwi, hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i kou manawa e loaʻa ai kekahi. Hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau kumu pilikia ke kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu kauka e nānā pono i kāu mau hapai.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia nui loa e komo pū ana:

  • Mōʻaukala o ka maʻi inflammatory pelvic (PID)
  • Hapai ʻōiwi mua
  • Hana ʻoki ma kou mau ʻōpū wai
  • Nā pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​lapaʻau momona
  • Pāʻana
  • ʻOi aku ka makahiki ma mua o 35
  • Hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hāmeʻa intrauterine (IUD) ke hana ka hāpai ʻana

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa maoli iā ʻoe ka hapai ʻōiwi. Nui nā wāhine me nā kumu pilikia e hele ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hapai maʻamau loa. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau mea e kōkua i kāu hui mālama ola e hāʻawi i ka nānā a me ka mālama hou aku.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ka hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻO ka pilikia nui me ka hapai ʻōiwi ʻo ia ka haki ʻana, kahi e hana ai ke hoʻoulu ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻiʻo hapai i ka ʻōpū wai a i ʻole kekahi ʻano e pahū. Hiki kēia ke alakaʻi i ke kahe koko nui i loko e pono ai ka hana ʻoki pilikia.

Hiki i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe ke komo pū ana:

  • Ka hōʻino ʻana i kou ʻōpū wai e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka momona ma hope
  • Pono no ka hana ʻoki pilikia e hoʻopau i ke kahe koko
  • Ka pilikia manaʻo mai ka nalowale ʻana o ka hapai
  • ʻAʻole pinepine, ka maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia mai ka lapaʻau

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, me ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama kūpono, ʻoi aku ka emi o nā pilikia nui. Hoʻōla ka hapanui o nā wāhine a hiki ke loaʻa nā hapai olakino i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Inā pono ʻoe i ka hana ʻoki, e ho'āʻo kāu kauka e mālama i ka nui o kāu mau ʻōnaehana hoʻohua e hiki ai. ʻOiai inā pono e wehe ʻia kekahi ʻōpū wai, hiki nō iā ʻoe ke hapai maoli me ka ʻōpū wai i koe.

Pehea ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka hapai ʻōiwi?

E hoʻohana kāu kauka i ka hui o nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hapai ʻōiwi. Hoʻomaka pinepine ka hana me ka hōʻoia ʻana ua hapai ʻoe ma o ka hoʻokolohua mimi a i ʻole koko.

A laila, e ana kāu mea mālama ola i ka nui o ka hormone hapai (hCG) i loko o kou koko. I ka hapai maʻamau, hoʻonui pinepine ʻia kēia hormone i kēlā me kēia mau lā. Inā ulu mālie nā pae ma mua o ka manaʻo, hiki ke hōʻike i ka hapai ʻōiwi.

Kōkua ka ultrasound i kāu kauka e ʻike i kahi o ka hapai. ʻO ka ultrasound transvaginal, kahi e hoʻokomo mālie ʻia ai kahi probe liʻiliʻi i loko o kou ʻōpū, e hāʻawi pinepine i ka kiʻi maopopo loa o kāu mau ʻōnaehana hoʻohua.

I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole maopopo koke ka hōʻoia, a pono paha kāu kauka e hana hou i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me nā ultrasounds ma nā lā he nui e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o kāu hapai.

He aha ka lapaʻau no ka hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻO ka lapaʻau no ka hapai ʻōiwi e hilinaʻi ana i kekahi mau mea, e komo pū ana i ka lōʻihi o ka hapai, kou mau hōʻailona, ​​a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka pahuhopu mau loa ke pale i kou olakino a mālama i kou momona ke hiki.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kekahi o kēia mau ala:

  1. Lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki i ka lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo methotrexate ke hoʻopau i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻiʻo hapai a ʻae i kou kino e hoʻopili maoli. Hana maikaʻi kēia ke hopu ʻia ka hapai ʻōiwi i ka wā mua.
  2. Hana ʻoki: Inā ʻoi aku ka holomua o ka hapai a i ʻole inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona nui, pono paha ʻoe i ka hana ʻoki e wehe i ka ʻiʻo hapai. Hiki ke hana pinepine ʻia kēia ma o nā incisions liʻiliʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kāmela (laparoscopy).
  3. Nānā: I nā hihia mua loa kahi e hāʻule ai nā pae hormone ma o lākou iho, hiki i kāu kauka ke nānā pono iā ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka hapai maoli.

E kūkākūkā kāu hui mālama ola i ke koho maikaʻi loa no kāu kūlana kikoʻī. E noʻonoʻo lākou i nā mea e like me kou makemake no nā hapai e hiki mai ana, kahi o ka hapai ʻōiwi, a inā aia nā hōʻailona o ka haki ʻana.

Pehea e hoʻokele ai i ka hoʻōla ʻana mai ka lapaʻau hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻO ka hoʻōla ʻana ma hope o ka lapaʻau hapai ʻōiwi e komo pū ana i ka hoʻōla kino a me ke kākoʻo manaʻo. Pono kou kino i ka manawa e hoʻōla ai, a he mea maʻamau loa ke manaʻo i kahi laulā o nā manaʻo i loko o kēia kaʻina hana.

Ma hope o ka lapaʻau lāʻau, pono ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau e hōʻoia i ka hoʻi ʻana o kāu mau pae hormone i ka maʻamau. E pale i ka waiʻona, nā huaora me ka folic acid, a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka lā i ka wā e hana ana ka lāʻau i loko o kou ʻōnaehana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hana ʻoki, e hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka e pili ana i nā palena hana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha. Hiki i ka hapanui o nā kānaka ke hoʻi i nā hana maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau pule, akā hoʻōla kēlā me kēia ma ko lākou wikiwiki ponoʻī.

E mālama i kou olakino manaʻo pū kekahi. ʻO ka nalowale ʻana o ka hapai, ʻoiai he ectopic, hiki ke lawe mai i nā manaʻo o ke kaumaha, ka manaʻo luhi, a i ʻole ka hopohopo e pili ana i nā hapai e hiki mai ana. E noʻonoʻo e kamaʻilio me kahi kākā'ōlelo a i ʻole e komo i kahi hui kākoʻo inā e hakakā ana ʻoe.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu hālāwai kauka?

Ke manaʻo ʻoe ua hapai paha ʻoe a i ʻole e ʻike ana i nā hōʻailona hopohopo, hiki i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kekahi mau ʻike koʻikoʻi ma mua o kāu hālāwai ke kōkua i kāu kauka e hāʻawi i ka mālama maikaʻi loa.

E kākau i ka lā o kāu manawa menstrual hope loa a me nā hōʻailona āu i ʻike ai, e komo pū ana i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai lākou. E hoʻomaopopo i kahi a me ka ikaika o kekahi ʻeha, a inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻino o kekahi mau hana.

E lawe mai i ka papa inoa o nā lāʻau āu e lawe nei, e komo pū ana i nā lāʻau over-the-counter a me nā mea hoʻohui. Eia kekahi, e mākaukau e kūkākūkā i kāu mōʻaukala lapaʻau, e komo pū ana i nā hapai mua, nā hana ʻoki, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi.

Mai kānalua e lawe mai i kahi mea kākoʻo me ʻoe i ka hālāwai. Hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ma laila ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻike koʻikoʻi a hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo manaʻo i ka wā e hiki ai ke kaumaha.

He aha ka lawe nui e pili ana i ka hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻO ka hapai ʻōiwi he kūlana koʻikoʻi akā hiki ke mālama ʻia e hoʻopilikia ana i kahi o 1-2% o nā hapai. ʻOiai hiki ke manaʻo weliweli, alakaʻi ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama lapaʻau kūpono i nā hopena maikaʻi no ka hapanui o nā wāhine.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mālama lapaʻau koke inā ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻeha pelvic a i ʻole ke kahe koko maʻamau i ka wā hapai mua. Hiki i ka hōʻoia wikiwiki a me ka mālama ke pale i nā pilikia a pale i kou momona ma hope.

E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hapai olakino i ka wā e hiki mai ana ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hapai ʻōiwi. Nui nā wāhine e hele ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hapai holomua ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hapai ʻōiwi, ʻoi aku hoʻi me ka nānā lapaʻau kūpono.

Nā nīnau pinepine e pili ana i ka hapai ʻōiwi

Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ke keiki olakino me ka hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka hapai ʻōiwi ke ulu i ke keiki olakino no ka mea ʻaʻole ma kahi kūpono ka hua i hoʻomakemake ʻia e ulu maluhia. Pono e mālama ʻia ka hapai e pale i kou olakino, akā ʻaʻole kēia e pale aku iā ʻoe mai ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hapai olakino i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e hoʻōla ai mai ka lapaʻau hapai ʻōiwi?

Hoʻōla pinepine ka hoʻōla kino i nā hebedoma 2-6, ma muli o ka lapaʻau āu i loaʻa ai. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau no kekahi mau hebedoma. Ma hope o ka hana ʻoki, hoʻi ka hapanui o nā kānaka i nā hana maʻamau i loko o 2-3 mau hebedoma. Hiki ke lōʻihi ka hoʻōla manaʻo, a he mea maʻamau loa kēlā.

E hiki iaʻu ke hapai hou ma hope o ka hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻAe, hiki i ka hapanui o nā wāhine ke hapai hou ma hope o ka hapai ʻōiwi. Ma kahi o 85% o nā wāhine e makemake ana e hapai hou e hiki ke hana pēlā. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e kali i hoʻokahi a ʻekolu mau mahina ma mua o ka ho'āʻo ʻana e hapai, ma muli o kāu lapaʻau.

Ke hoʻonui nei ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi hapai ʻōiwi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi?

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi hapai ʻōiwi e hoʻonui iki i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hapai ma hope he maʻamau. E nānā pono paha kāu kauka i kāu hapai e hiki mai ana me nā hoʻokolohua koko mua a me nā ultrasounds e hōʻoia i ka ulu ʻana ma kahi kūpono.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i ka hapai ʻōiwi?

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka hapanui o nā hapai ʻōiwi no ka mea pinepine lākou mai nā mea ma waho o kou kaohi. Eia naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻemi i kekahi mau kumu pilikia ma ka mālama koke ʻana i nā maʻi moekolohe, ʻaʻole pāʻana, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka olakino hoʻohua maikaʻi. Kōkua ka mālama prenatal maʻamau i ka ʻike mua ma mua o ka pale ʻana.

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