Kahe Koko O Ka ʻōpū

Ke kahe koko o ka ʻōpū (GI) he hōʻailona ia o kahi maʻi i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ʻai. Hoʻomaka pinepine ka koko i loko o ka wai ʻōpala a i ʻole ka luaʻi, akā ʻaʻole mau ia e ʻike ʻia. Hiki i ka wai ʻōpala ke ʻeleʻele a ʻōpala paha. Hiki i ke kahe koko ke emi mai a nui a hiki ke weliweli i ke ola.

Hiki i ka ʻenehana kiʻi a i ʻole kahi noiʻi endoscopic ke ʻike pinepine i ke kumu o ke kahe koko. Kaukaʻi ka mālama ʻana i kahi o ke kahe koko a me kona nui.

Hōʻailona o ke kahe koko GI hiki ke maʻalahi ke ʻike, i kapa ʻia ʻo overt, a i ʻole ʻaʻole maopopo loa, i ʻike ʻia ʻo occult. Aia nā hōʻailona ma ke kahe koko wikiwiki a me kahi o ke kahe koko, hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi a pau o ka GI tract, mai kahi e hoʻomaka ai — ka waha — a hiki i kahi e pau ai — ka anus. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka overt bleeding ma ke ʻano he: Ka lua ʻana o ke koko, ʻulaʻula paha a ʻeleʻele pouli paha a like me nā kumu kofe. Pāpā ʻeleʻele, līlī. Ke kahe koko rectal, maʻamau i loko a me ka līlī. Me ka occult bleeding, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke loaʻa: Ke poʻo māmā. Paʻakikī ke hanu. Ke hiolo ʻana. ʻEha umauma. ʻEha ʻōpū. Inā hoʻomaka koke kāu kahe koko a ʻoi aku ka nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i loko o ka shock. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka shock: Nawaliwali a luhi paha. Ke poʻo māmā a hiolo paha. ʻIli anuanu, pulu, a ʻeleʻele paha. Nausea a lua ʻana paha. ʻAʻole mimi a mimi iki paha i ka manawa hoʻokahi. ʻO ka kala hina a uliuli paha i nā lehelehe a i nā kui paha. Loli i ke kūlana noʻonoʻo a i ʻole ka hana, e like me ka hopohopo a i ʻole ka hoʻonāukiuki. Ke nalowale ʻana o ka manaʻo. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka naʻau. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka hanu. Hāʻule i ke kaomi koko. Nui nā haumāna. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka shock, pono ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi e kāhea i ka 911 a i ʻole kāu helu lapaʻau pilikia kūloko. Inā ke lua nei ʻoe i ke koko, ʻike i ke koko i loko o kāu līlī a i ʻole loaʻa iā ʻoe nā līlī ʻeleʻele, līlī, e ʻimi koke i ka mālama lapaʻau. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi hōʻailona o ke kahe koko GI, e hana i kahi ʻōlelo me kāu kauka.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka haʻalulu, pono ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi e kāhea i ka 911 a i ʻole kāu helu ulia lapaʻau kūloko. Inā ʻoe e luaʻi koko, ʻike i ke koko i loko o kāu mau wai ʻōpū a i ʻole he ʻeleʻele, ʻōpala nā wai ʻōpū, e ʻimi koke i ka mālama lapaʻau. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi hōʻailona o ke kahe koko GI, e hana i kahi kūkā me kāu kauka.

"ʻO nā varices esophageal he mau'ūpā nui i loko o ka esophagus. Hoʻomaka pinepine lākou ma muli o ka paleʻana o ke kahe koko ma o ka vein portal, ka mea e lawe ai i ke koko mai ka'ōpū a i ke ake. \n\nʻO nā hemorrhoids he mau'ūpā pehu i kou'ōpū haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā hemorrhoids i loko o ka'ōpū he meaʻehaʻole pinepine akā e koko pinepine ana. Hiki i nā hemorrhoids ma waho o ka'ōpū ke hōʻeha. \n\nHiki ke koko gastrointestinal ma luna a i lalo paha o ka'ōpū gastrointestinal. \n\nHiki i nā kumu o ke koko GI luna ke komo pū me:\n\n- Peptic ulcer. ʻO kēia ka kumu maʻamau loa o ke koko GI luna. ʻO nā peptic ulcers he mauʻeha hāmama e ulu ana ma ka papa o loko o kou'ōpū a me ka'āpana luna o kou'ōpū liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopōʻino ka waikawa'ōpū, mai nā bacteria a iʻole ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory, e like me ka ibuprofen a iʻole ka aspirin, i ka papa, e hana ana i nāʻeha. \n- Nā waimaka i ka papa o ka paipa e hoʻohui ana i kou puʻu i kou'ōpū, i kapaʻiaʻo ka esophagus. Iʻikeʻiaʻo nā waimaka Mallory-Weiss, hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka nui o ke koko. ʻO kēia ka mea maʻamau loa i nā poʻe e inu nui ana i ka waiʻona, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻōhoʻo a me ka luaʻi. \n- Nā'ūpā nui i loko o ka esophagus, i kapaʻiaʻo nā varices esophageal. Hoʻomaka pinepine kēia kūlana i nā poʻe me ka maʻi ake nui, ka mea maʻamau loa ma muli o ka inu nuiʻana i ka waiʻona. \n- Gastropathy portal hypertensive. Hoʻomaka pinepine kēia kūlana i nā poʻe me ka maʻi ake nui, ka mea maʻamau loa ma muli o ka inu nuiʻana i ka waiʻona. \n- Esophagitis. ʻO kēia mumū o ka esophagus ka mea maʻamau loa i hanaʻia e ka maʻi gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). \n- Nā moku koko kūponoʻole. I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā moku koko kūponoʻole, nā'ūpā koko liʻiliʻi a me nā'ūpā ke alakaʻi i ke koko. \n- Hiatal hernia. Hiki i nā hiatal hernias nui ke pili me nā erosions i loko o ka'ōpū, e alakaʻi ana i ke koko. \n- Nā ulu. ʻOiai he meaʻanoʻole, hiki i ke koko GI luna ke hanaʻia e nā ulu kanesa a iʻole nā ulu kanesaʻole i loko o ka'ōpū digestive luna. \n\nHiki i nā kumu ke komo pū me:\n\n- Maʻi diverticular. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻomohalaʻana o nā'eke liʻiliʻi, nā'eke i loko o ka'ōpū digestive, i kapaʻiaʻo diverticulosis. Inā hoʻouluʻia a iʻole hoʻomaʻiʻia kekahi a iʻole kekahi o nā'eke, kapaʻiaʻo diverticulitis. \n- Maʻi inflammatory bowel (IBD). Hoʻopili kēia i ka ulcerative colitis, ka mea e hana ai i nā'iʻo pehu a me nāʻeha i loko o ka colon a me ka'ōpū. ʻO kekahiʻano o ka IBD,ʻo ka maʻi Crohn, e pili ana i nā'iʻo pehu, huhū i loko o ka papa o ka'ōpū digestive. \n- Proctitis. Hiki i ka mumū o ka papa o ka'ōpū ke hana i ke koko rectal. \n- Nā tumors. Hiki i nā tumors kanesaʻole a iʻole nā tumors kanesa o ka esophagus, ka'ōpū, ka colon a iʻole ka'ōpū ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka papa o ka'ōpū digestive a hana i ke koko. \n- Nā polyps colon. Hiki i nā'āpana liʻiliʻi o nā cell e ulu ana ma ka papa o kou colon ke hana i ke koko. ʻO ka hapanui he meaʻinoʻole, akā hiki i kekahi ke kanesa a iʻole e lilo i kanesa ināʻaʻole i weheʻia. \n- Hemorrhoids. ʻO kēia he mau'ūpā pehu i kou anus a iʻole kou'ōpū haʻahaʻa, e like me nā'ūpā varicose. \n- Nā fissures anal. ʻO ka fissure anal he'āpana liʻiliʻi i loko o ka'ili lahilahi, pulu e uhi ana i ka anus."

Hiki i ka hānai koko o ka ʻōpū ke kumu i:

• Anemia.
• Haʻalulu.
• Make.

No ke kōkua ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka mimi koko o ka ʻōpū:

• E kaupalena i kāu hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal.
• E kaupalena i kāu hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona.
• Inā ua puhi ʻoe i ka paka, e haʻalele.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka GERD, e hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu hui mālama ola no ka mālama ʻana iā ia.

ʻO ka hana endoscopy o luna ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi paipu lōʻihi, palupalu i kapa ʻia he endoscope i lalo o ka ʻāʻī a komo i loko o ka esophagus. Hāʻawi kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi ma ka hopena o ka endoscope i kahi loea lapaʻau e nānā i ka esophagus, ka ʻōpū a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka duodenum.

No ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu o ke kahe koko gastrointestinal, e lawe mua kahi limahana mālama ola i kou moʻolelo lapaʻau, me ka moʻolelo o ke kahe koko ma mua, a hana i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. Hiki nō hoʻi ke kauoha ʻia nā hoʻokolohua, e like me:

• Nā hoʻokolohua koko. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke pono i ka helu koko piha, kahi hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o kou koko, ka helu platelet a me nā hoʻokolohua hana ate.
• Nā hoʻokolohua pālolo. Hiki i ka nānā ʻana i kou pālolo ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kumu o ke kahe koko hūnā.
• Nasogastric lavage. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu ma o kou ihu i loko o ka ʻōpū e wehe i nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū. Hiki paha kēia ke kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu o ke kahe koko.
• Endoscopy o luna. ʻO ka endoscopy o luna kahi hana e hoʻohana ana i kahi kāmela e nānā i ka ʻōnaehana ʻai o luna. Hoʻopili ʻia ka kāmela i kahi paipu lōʻihi, lahilahi, i kapa ʻia he endoscope, a hoʻokomo ʻia i lalo o ka ʻāʻī e nānā i ka ʻōnaehana gastrointestinal o luna.
• Colonoscopy. I ka wā o ka colonoscopy, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu lōʻihi, palupalu i loko o ka rectum. Hāʻawi kahi kāmela wikiō liʻiliʻi ma ka piko o ka paipu i ke kauka e nānā i loko o ka ʻōpū nui a pau a me ka rectum.
• Capsule endoscopy. I kēia hana, e ʻai ʻoe i kahi kapu nui o ka huaora me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi i loko. Holo ka kapu ma o kou ʻōnaehana ʻai e lawe ana i nā kiʻi he mau tausani i hoʻouna ʻia i kahi mea hoʻopaʻa āu e kau ai ma kahi kāʻei a puni kou pūhaka.
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu me kahi kukui a me ka kāmela i loko o ka rectum e nānā i ka rectum a me ka hapa hope o ka ʻōpū nui, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka sigmoid colon.
• Balloon-assisted enteroscopy. Nānā kahi scope kūikawā i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i hiki ʻole i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hoʻohana ana i kahi endoscope ke hiki aku. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke kaohi ʻia a mālama ʻia ke kumu o ke kahe koko i ka wā o kēia hoʻokolohua.
• Angiography. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kala kontras i loko o kahi artery, a lawe ʻia kahi moʻo o nā X-rays e nānā a mālama i nā moku kahe koko a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia ʻē aʻe.
• Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka CT scan o ka ʻōpū, e loaʻa ke kumu o ke kahe koko.

Inā koʻikoʻi kou kahe koko GI, a ʻaʻole hiki i nā hoʻokolohua noninvasive ke loaʻa ke kumu, pono paha ʻoe i ka ʻoki kino i hiki i nā kauka ke nānā i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a pau. Maikaʻi, he mea maʻamau kēia.