Maʻi Naʻau

Hoʻākāka ka maʻi naʻau i kahi laulā o nā kūlana e pili ana i ka naʻau. Loaʻa i ka maʻi naʻau:

• Ka maʻi o nā kīʻaha koko, e like me ka maʻi o nā artery coronary.
• Nā hahau naʻau kūpono ʻole, i kapa ʻia ʻo arrhythmias.
• Nā kūlana naʻau i hānau ʻia mai ʻoe, i kapa ʻia he mau hemahema naʻau congenital.
• Ka maʻi o ka ʻiʻo naʻau.
• Ka maʻi o ka valve naʻau.

Hiki ke pale ʻia a i ʻole ke mālama ʻia nā ʻano he nui o ka maʻi naʻau me nā koho ola maikaʻi.

Hōʻailona o ka maʻi naʻau e hilinaʻi ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi naʻau.

ʻO ka maʻi artery coronary he maʻi naʻau maʻamau ia e pili ana i nā kīʻaha koko nui e hoʻolako ana i ka ʻiʻo naʻau. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā momona, cholesterol a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko a ma luna o nā paia artery ka mea maʻamau e hoʻokumu ai i ka maʻi artery coronary. ʻO kēia hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kapa ʻia ʻo plaque. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka plaque i loko o nā arteries i kapa ʻia ʻo atherosclerosis (ath-ur-o-skluh-ROE-sis). Hoʻemi ʻo Atherosclerosis i ke kahe koko i ka naʻau a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi hoʻouka naʻau, ʻeha umauma a i ʻole ka hahau.

Hiki i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi artery coronary ke komo pū me:

• Pōkole o ka hanu.
• ʻEha i ka ʻāʻī, ihu, ʻāʻī, ʻōpū luna a i ʻole kua.
• ʻEha, ʻāʻī, nāwaliwali a i ʻole ke anu i nā wāwae a i ʻole nā ​​lima inā ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kīʻaha koko i kēlā mau wahi o ke kino.

ʻAʻole paha e ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka maʻi artery coronary a hiki i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe kahi hoʻouka naʻau, angina, ka hahau a i ʻole ka hāʻule naʻau. He mea nui ia e nānā i nā hōʻailona naʻau. E kamaʻilio me kāu hui mālama ola e pili ana i nā hopohopo. Hiki ke loaʻa koke kekahi manawa i ka maʻi naʻau me nā nānā ola maʻamau.

Ke kamaʻilio nei ʻo Stephen Kopecky, M.D., e pili ana i nā kumu pilikia, nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi artery coronary (CAD). E aʻo pehea e hiki ai i nā loli nohona ke hoʻoemi i kou pilikia.

{Hīmeni e kani ana}

ʻO ka maʻi artery coronary, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo CAD, he kūlana ia e pili ana i kou naʻau. ʻO ia ka maʻi naʻau maʻamau loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hana ʻia ʻo CAD i ka wā e hakakā ai nā arteries coronary e hoʻolako i ka naʻau me ka lawa o ke koko, oxygen a me nā mea momona. ʻO nā waihona cholesterol, a i ʻole nā ​​plaque, ka mea kokoke loa i ke kumu. Hoʻonui kēia mau hōʻiliʻili i kou mau arteries, e hoʻemi ana i ke kahe koko i kou naʻau. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻokumu i ka ʻeha umauma, ka pōkole o ka hanu a i ʻole kahi hoʻouka naʻau. Hoʻomau pinepine ʻo CAD i ka manawa lōʻihi e hoʻomohala ai. No laila, pinepine, ʻaʻole ʻike nā mea maʻi iā lākou a hiki i ka wā e loaʻa ai kahi pilikia. Akā aia nā ala e pale aku ai i ka maʻi artery coronary, a me nā ala e ʻike ai inā pilikia ʻoe a me nā ala e mālama ai.

Hoʻomaka ka ʻike ʻana iā CAD ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke nānā i kou mōʻaukala lapaʻau, hana i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a kauoha i ka hana koko maʻamau. Ma muli o kēlā, hiki iā lākou ke manaʻo i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā hoʻokolohua penei: kahi electrocardiogram a i ʻole ECG, kahi echocardiogram a i ʻole ka hoʻokolohua leo o ka naʻau, ka hoʻokolohua kaumaha, ka catheterization naʻau a me ka angiogram, a i ʻole kahi scan CT naʻau.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi artery coronary ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i nā loli i kou nohona. Hiki paha kēia ke ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai olakino, ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau, ka lilo ʻana o ke kaumaha nui, ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, hiki i kēia mau loli ke hana nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i kou manaʻo. ʻO ke ola olakino ke ola olakino o nā arteries. I ka wā e pono ai, hiki ke komo pū ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka aspirin, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻololi ana i ka cholesterol, nā beta-blockers, a i ʻole kekahi mau kaʻina hana lapaʻau e like me ka angioplasty a i ʻole ka ʻoki bypass artery coronary.

Hiki i ka naʻau ke pā nui loa, liʻiliʻi loa a i ʻole maʻamau ʻole. Hiki i nā hōʻailona arrhythmia naʻau ke komo pū me:

• ʻEha umauma a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole.
• Nāwaliwali.
• Hāʻule a kokoke i ka hāʻule.
• Hoʻopāpā i loko o ka umauma.
• Māmā ke poʻo.
• Hoʻouluulu wikiwiki ka naʻau.
• Pōkole o ka hanu.
• Naʻau lohi.

ʻO ka hemahema naʻau congenital he kūlana naʻau ia i loaʻa i ka hānau ʻana. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā hemahema naʻau congenital koʻikoʻi ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. Hiki i nā hōʻailona hemahema naʻau congenital i nā keiki ke komo pū me:

• ʻIli uliuli a hina paha. Ma muli o ke kala ʻili, hiki ke maʻalahi a paʻakikī paha ke ʻike i kēia mau loli.
• Pehu i nā wāwae, ka ʻāpana ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​wahi a puni nā maka.
• I kahi pēpē, pōkole o ka hanu i ka wā e hānai ai, e alakaʻi ana i ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaupaona.

ʻAʻole paha e ʻike ʻia kekahi mau hemahema naʻau congenital a hiki i ka wā ma hope i ka wā kamaliʻi a i ʻole i ka wā makua. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me:

• Loaʻa ka pōkole o ka hanu i ka wā e hoʻoikaika ai a i ʻole ka hana.
• Luhi maʻalahi i ka wā e hoʻoikaika ai a i ʻole ka hana.
• Pehu o nā lima, nā kuʻekuʻe a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻaʻole paha e hoʻokumu ka cardiomyopathy i nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia. I ka wā e ʻoi aku ai ka maʻi, hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me:

• Nāwaliwali, māmā ke poʻo a me ka hāʻule.
• Luhi.
• Manaʻo pōkole o ka hanu i ka wā e hana ai a i ʻole i ka hoʻomaha.
• Manaʻo pōkole o ka hanu i ka pō i ka wā e ho'āʻo ai e moe, a i ʻole ka ala ʻana me ka pōkole o ka hanu.
• Nā pā naʻau wikiwiki, paʻakikī a i ʻole ka pāpā.
• Pehu nā wāwae, nā kuʻekuʻe a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae.

ʻEhā mau valve ka naʻau. Wehe a pani nā valves e hoʻoneʻe i ke koko ma o ka naʻau. Nui nā mea hiki ke hōʻino i nā valves naʻau. Inā hoʻonui ʻia kahi valve naʻau, kapa ʻia ʻo ia he stenosis. Inā ʻae kahi valve naʻau i ke kahe koko i hope, kapa ʻia ʻo ia he regurgitation.

Hōʻailona o ka maʻi valve naʻau e hilinaʻi ana i ka valve ʻaʻole hana pono. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me:

• ʻEha umauma.
• Hāʻule a kokoke i ka hāʻule.
• Luhi.
• Nā pā naʻau maʻamau ʻole.
• Pōkole o ka hanu.
• Pehu nā wāwae a i ʻole nā ​​kuʻekuʻe.

E kiʻi i ke kōkua lapaʻau pilikia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi naʻau:

• ʻEha umauma.
• Pōkole o ka hanu.
• Hiolo. E kāhea mau i ka 911 a i ʻole kāu helu pilikia kūloko inā manaʻo ʻoe e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi hoʻouka naʻau. Inā manaʻo ʻoe he mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi naʻau kāu, e hana i kahi kūlana no ka nānā kino. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi naʻau ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā mua.

ʻO nā kumu o ka maʻi naʻau e hilinaʻi ana i ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka maʻi naʻau. He nui nā ʻano like ʻole o ka maʻi naʻau.

He ʻelua lumi luna a me ʻelua lumi lalo ka naʻau maʻamau. Loaʻa i nā lumi luna, ʻo ia nā atria ʻākau a me hema, ke koko e komo mai ana. Hoʻopuka nā lumi lalo, ʻo ia nā ventricles ʻākau a me hema ikaika loa, i ke koko mai ka naʻau. ʻO nā valve naʻau nā puka ma nā wehe ʻana o nā lumi. Mālama lākou i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i ke kuhikuhi kūpono.

No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kumu o ka maʻi naʻau, hiki ke kōkua ke hoʻomaopopo pehea ka hana ʻana o ka naʻau.

• He ʻehā lumi ka naʻau. ʻO nā lumi luna ʻelua i kapa ʻia ʻo nā atria. ʻO nā lumi lalo ʻelua i kapa ʻia ʻo nā ventricles.
• Hoʻoneʻe ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka naʻau i ke koko i nā māmā ma o nā kīʻaha koko i kapa ʻia ʻo nā arteries pulmonary.
• I loko o nā māmā, loaʻa i ke koko ka oxygen. Holo ke koko momona oxygen i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka naʻau ma o nā veins pulmonary.
• A laila, hoʻopuka ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka naʻau i ke koko ma o ka artery nui o ke kino, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka aorta. A laila, hele ke koko i ke koena o ke kino.

ʻEhā mau valve i loko o ka naʻau e mālama i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i ke kuhikuhi kūpono. ʻO kēia mau valve:

• Valve aortic.
• Valve mitral.
• Valve pulmonary.
• Valve tricuspid.

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia valve nā ʻāpana, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā leaflets a i ʻole nā cusps. Wehe a pani nā ʻāpana i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia kuʻi naʻau. Inā ʻaʻole wehe a pani pono kahi ʻāpana valve, emi ke koko e neʻe aku mai ka naʻau i ke koena o ke kino.

Mālama ka ʻōnaehana uila o ka naʻau i ka kuʻi ʻana o ka naʻau. Hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona uila o ka naʻau i kahi hui o nā sela ma luna o ka naʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo ka sinus node. Holo lākou ma o kahi ala ma waena o nā lumi naʻau luna a me lalo i kapa ʻia ʻo ka atrioventricular (AV) node. Hoʻopuka ka neʻe ʻana o nā hōʻailona i ka piʻi ʻana o ka naʻau a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ke koko.

Inā nui loa ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko, hiki i ka cholesterol a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ke hana i nā waihona i kapa ʻia ʻo plaque. Hiki i ka plaque ke hana i ka hoʻonui ʻia a i ʻole ke pani ʻia ʻana o kahi artery. Inā haki kahi plaque, hiki ke hana i kahi clot koko. Hiki i ka plaque a me nā clots koko ke hoʻemi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma o kahi artery.

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea momona i loko o nā arteries, i kapa ʻia ʻo atherosclerosis, ʻo ia ka kumu maʻamau loa o ka maʻi artery coronary. ʻO nā mea pilikia e komo pū ana ka ʻai ʻole olakino, ka nele o ka hoʻoikaika kino, ka momona, a me ka puhipaka. Hiki i nā koho ola olakino ke kōkua i ka hoʻoemi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka atherosclerosis.

ʻO nā kumu maʻamau o nā arrhythmias a i ʻole nā kūlana e alakaʻi ai iā lākou:

• Maʻi naʻau, i kapa ʻia ʻo cardiomyopathy.
• Maʻi artery coronary.
• Diabetes.
• Nā lāʻau kū kānāwai e like me ka cocaine.
• Kaumaha manaʻo.
• Nui loa ka waiʻona a i ʻole ka caffeine.
• Nā kūlana naʻau i loaʻa i ka wā hānau, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā hemahema naʻau congenital.
• Puhipaka.
• Maʻi valve naʻau.
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻohui.

Hana ʻia kahi hemahema naʻau congenital i ka wā e ulu ana ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā poʻe mālama ola ke kumu o ka hapa nui o nā hemahema naʻau congenital. Akā hiki i nā loli gene, kekahi mau kūlana lapaʻau, kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā kumu kūlohelohe a i ʻole nā ​​kumu ola ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana.

ʻO ke kumu o ka cardiomyopathy e hilinaʻi ana i ke ʻano. He ʻekolu mau ʻano:

• Dilated cardiomyopathy. ʻO kēia ka ʻano maʻamau loa o ka cardiomyopathy. ʻAʻole pinepine ka kumu. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ma o nā ʻohana, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hoʻoilina ʻia.
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hoʻoili pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano ma o nā ʻohana.
• Restrictive cardiomyopathy. Hiki i kēia ʻano o ka cardiomyopathy ke hana no kahi kumu ʻike ʻole ʻia. I kekahi manawa, hana ʻia e ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka protein i kapa ʻia ʻo amyloid. ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e komo pū ana nā maʻi connective tissue.

He nui nā mea hiki ke hana i kahi valve naʻau i hōʻino ʻia a i ʻole maʻi. Ua hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi valve naʻau. Inā hana kēia, kapa ʻia ʻo ia he maʻi valve naʻau congenital.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi valve naʻau:

• Rheumatic fever.
• Ka maʻi i loko o ka laina o nā valve naʻau, i kapa ʻia ʻo infectious endocarditis.
• Nā maʻi connective tissue.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia o ka maʻi naʻau e komo pū ana: Ka makahiki. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka makahiki e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o nā ʻāʻī i hōʻino ʻia a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia a me ka nāwaliwali a i ʻole ka mānoanoa o ka puʻuwai. Ka wahine i hānau ʻia. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā kāne i ka maʻi naʻau. E hoʻonui ana ka pilikia i nā wāhine ma hope o ka menopause. Mōʻaukala ʻohana. ʻO ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi naʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi artery coronary, ʻoi aku inā ua loaʻa i ka makua i ka wā ʻōpio. ʻO ia hoʻi ma mua o 55 mau makahiki no ka hoa kāne, e like me ke kaikuaʻana a i ʻole kou makuakāne, a me 65 no ka hoa wahine, e like me kou makuahine a i ʻole kahi kaikuaʻana. Paka. Inā ʻoe e puhi paka, e haʻalele. ʻO nā mea i loko o ka uahi paka e hōʻino i nā ʻāʻī. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā maʻi naʻau i nā poʻe puhi paka ma mua o nā poʻe ʻaʻole puhi paka. E kamaʻilio me kahi loea mālama ola inā pono ʻoe i ke kōkua e haʻalele ai. ʻAi ʻole maikaʻi. Ua pili nā meaʻai momona, paʻakai, kō a me ka cholesterol i ka maʻi naʻau. Ke koko kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i ke koko kiʻekiʻe i ʻole i kaohi ʻia ke hoʻolilo i nā ʻāʻī i paʻakikī a mānoanoa. E hoʻololi kēia mau loli i ke kahe koko i ka naʻau a me ke kino. Cholesterol kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka atherosclerosis. Ua pili ka atherosclerosis i ka maʻi naʻau a me ka hahau. Maʻi diabetes. Hoʻonui ka maʻi diabetes i ka pilikia o ka maʻi naʻau. Hoʻonui ka momona a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe i ka pilikia o ka maʻi diabetes a me ka maʻi naʻau. Momona. ʻO ka nui o ke kaumaha e hoʻopilikia pinepine i nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi naʻau. nele i ka hoʻoikaika kino. Ua pili ka hana ʻole i nā ʻano maʻi naʻau a me kekahi o kāna mau kumu pilikia. Kaumaha. Hiki i ke kaumaha manaʻo ke hōʻino i nā ʻāʻī a hoʻopilikia i nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi naʻau. ʻO ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka niho. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā niho a me nā gums maikaʻi ʻole e maʻalahi ai i nā germs ke komo i ke kahe koko a hele i ka naʻau. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻokumu i ka maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo endocarditis. E hānai a floss i kou mau niho pinepine. E kiʻi pū i nā nānā niho maʻamau.

Hiki i kēia mau pilikia ke loaʻa ma muli o ka maʻi naʻau:

• Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka naʻau. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā pilikia maʻamau loa o ka maʻi naʻau. ʻAʻole hiki i ka naʻau ke pūpū i ka nui o ke koko e pono ai ke kino.
• Ka pau ʻana o ka naʻau. Hiki ke pau ka naʻau inā neʻe kahi ʻāpana o ka pala i loko o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana koko i ka naʻau.
• Ka hahau ʻana. ʻO nā mea pilikia e alakaʻi ai i ka maʻi naʻau hiki nō hoʻi ke alakaʻi i ka hahau ischemic. Hana ʻia kēia ʻano hahau ke kuʻi ʻia a pani ʻia paha nā ʻāʻī i ka lolo. ʻAʻole lawa ke koko e hiki i ka lolo.
• Aneurysm. ʻO ka aneurysm kahi puʻupuʻu i ka paia o ka ʻāʻī. Inā pahū ka aneurysm, hiki iā ʻoe ke koko koko i loko o ke kino e weliweli ai i kou ola.
• Ka maʻi ʻāʻī peripheral. I kēia kūlana, ʻaʻole lawa ke koko e hiki i nā lima a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae - maʻamau nā wāwae. Hana kēia i nā hōʻailona, ​​ʻo ka mea nui loa ka ʻeha wāwae i ka hele ʻana, i kapa ʻia ʻo claudication. Hiki i ka atherosclerosis ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi ʻāʻī peripheral.
• Ka pau koke ʻana o ka naʻau. ʻO ka pau koke ʻana o ka naʻau ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka hana naʻau, ka hanu a me ka ʻike. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ma muli o ka pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana uila o ka naʻau. He pilikia olakino koke ka pau koke ʻana o ka naʻau. Inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia, e hopena ia i ka make koke ʻana o ka naʻau.

ʻO nā loli like o ke ola e hoʻohana ʻia ana e mālama i ka maʻi naʻau e kōkua pū kekahi i ka pale ʻana iā ia. E ho'āʻo i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻo olakino naʻau:

• Mai puhi paka.
• ʻAi i ka ʻai haʻahaʻa i ka paʻakai a me ka momona saturated.
• Hoʻoikaika kino ma kahi o 30 mau minuke i ka lā ma ka hapa nui o nā lā o ka pule.
• Mālama i ke kaumaha olakino.
• Ho'ēmi a mālama i ke kaumaha.
• Loaʻa ka hiamoe maikaʻi. Pono nā mākua e pahuhopu i nā hola 7 a 9 i kēlā me kēia lā.

No ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi naʻau, e nānā kekahi limahana olakino iā ʻoe a e hoʻolohe i kou naʻau. Maʻamau ka nīnau ʻia ʻana iā ʻoe e pili ana i kou mau hōʻailona a me kou mōʻaukala lapaʻau pilikino a me ka ʻohana.

He nui nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e hoʻohana ʻia ana no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi naʻau.

• Nā hoʻokolohua koko. Ke lehelehe mālie nei kekahi mau protein naʻau i loko o ke koko ma hope o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka naʻau mai kahi hoʻouka naʻau. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua koko e nānā i kēia mau protein. Ke nānā nei kahi hoʻokolohua C-reactive protein (CRP) kiʻekiʻe-ʻike i kahi protein i pili i ka mumū ʻana o nā arteries. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua koko ʻē aʻe e nānā i nā pae cholesterol a me ke kō koko.
• X-ray umauma. Hōʻike ka X-ray umauma i ke kūlana o nā māmā. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻike inā ua hoʻonui ʻia ka naʻau.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG a EKG paha). ʻO ka ECG kahi hoʻokolohua wikiwiki a ʻoluʻolu ʻole e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā hōʻailona uila i loko o ka naʻau. Hiki iā ia ke haʻi inā e pāʻani wikiwiki a lohi paha ka naʻau.
• Nānā ʻana o Holter. ʻO ka mea nānā Holter kahi hāmeʻa ECG lawe lima e komo ʻia no hoʻokahi lā a ʻoi aku paha e hoʻopaʻa i ka hana o ka naʻau i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki i kēia hoʻokolohua ke ʻike i nā hahau naʻau kūpono ʻole ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua ECG maʻamau.
• Echocardiogram. Hoʻohana kēia hoʻokolohua invasive ʻole i nā nalu kani e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o ka naʻau e neʻe ana. Hōʻike ia pehea e neʻe ai ke koko ma o ka naʻau a me nā valve naʻau. Hiki i ka echocardiogram ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā ua hoʻohaiki ʻia a leaka paha kahi valve.
• Nā hoʻokolohua hoʻoikaika kino a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua kaumaha. Hoʻopili pinepine kēia mau hoʻokolohua i ka hele ʻana ma kahi treadmill a i ʻole ka holo ʻana i kahi kaʻa paikikala kū i ka wā e nānā ʻia ai ka naʻau. Kūkulu nā hoʻokolohua hoʻoikaika kino i ka pane ʻana o ka naʻau i ka hana kino a inā paha e kū mai nā hōʻailona maʻi naʻau i ka wā o ka hoʻoikaika kino. Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoikaika kino, hiki paha ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopilikia i ka naʻau e like me ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• Cardiac catheterization. Hiki i kēia hoʻokolohua ke hōʻike i nā mea pale i nā arteries naʻau. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi tube lōʻihi, lahilahi a palupalu i kapa ʻia ʻo catheter i loko o kahi kīʻaha koko, maʻamau ma ka ʻūhā a i ʻole ka lima, a alakaʻi ʻia i ka naʻau. Ke kahe nei ka dye ma o ka catheter i nā arteries i loko o ka naʻau. Ke kōkua nei ka dye i nā arteries e ʻike ʻia maopopo aku ma nā kiʻi X-ray i lawe ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua.
• Heart CT scan, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo cardiac CT scan. I kahi cardiac CT scan, e moe ʻoe ma kahi papa i loko o kahi mīkini donut-shaped. Ke huli nei kahi tube X-ray i loko o ka mīkini a puni kou kino a ʻohi i nā kiʻi o kou naʻau a me kou umauma.
• Heart magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Hoʻohana kahi cardiac MRI i kahi kahua magnetic a me nā nalu radio i hana ʻia e ka kamepiula e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o ka naʻau.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi naʻau e ke kumu a me ke ʻano o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka naʻau. Hiki i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi naʻau ke komo pū me:

• Hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ke ola e like me ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai haʻahaʻa i ka paʻakai a me ka momona saturated, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻoikaika kino hou aku, a me ka ʻole o ka puhipaka.
• Lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Kahi kaʻina hana naʻau.
• Ka ʻoki naʻau.

Pono paha ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kaohi i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi naʻau a pale aku i nā pilikia. Ke hilinaʻi nei ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka ʻano o ka maʻi naʻau.

Pono paha kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi naʻau i kahi kaʻina hana naʻau a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana. Ke hilinaʻi nei ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi naʻau a me ka nui o ka hōʻino i hana ʻia i ka naʻau.

'Eia kekahi mau ala e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi naʻau a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola: Hoʻōla naʻau. He papahana pilikino kēia o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻoikaika kino. Loaʻa i loko ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻoikaika kino, ke kākoʻo manaʻo a me ka hoʻonaʻauao e pili ana i ke ola olakino naʻau. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka papahana nānā ʻia ma hope o ka maʻi naʻau a i ʻole ka ʻoki naʻau. Nā hui kākoʻo. ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā hoaaloha a me nā ʻohana a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo he ala maikaʻi ia e hōʻemi ai i ke kaumaha. E ʻike paha ʻoe e kōkua ka kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i kou mau hopohopo me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i nā kūlana like. E kiʻi i nā nānā olakino maʻamau. ʻO ka ʻike pinepine ʻana i kāu limahana mālama ola e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana e mālama pono ʻoe i kou maʻi naʻau.'