He aha nā Neoplasms Neuroendocrine? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, & Lapaʻau

ʻO nā neoplasms neuroendocrine he mau ulu lākou e ulu mai ana mai nā sela kūikawā ma kou kino holoʻokoʻa e hana ana i nā hormones a kōkua i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā hana nui o ke kino. ʻO kēia mau sela, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā sela neuroendocrine, e hana ana e like me kahi alahaka ma waena o kou ʻōnaehana hoʻoikaika a me nā gland e hana ana i nā hormones.

ʻOiai paha he paʻakikī ke kani o ka inoa, e noʻonoʻo i kēia mau neoplasms e like me nā ulu e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o kou kino i nā hormones. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā neoplasms neuroendocrine e ulu mālie ana a nui nā kānaka e ola ana i nā ola piha, hana maikaʻi me ka lapaʻau kūpono a me ka nānā.

He aha nā neoplasms neuroendocrine?

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā neoplasms neuroendocrine i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā sela neuroendocrine e ulu kūpono ʻole. Ua kāhele ʻia kēia mau sela kūikawā ma kou kino holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka pinepine loa ia ma kou ʻōnaehana ʻai, nā māmā, a me ka pancreas.

Hiki i nā neoplasms ke benign (ʻaʻole maʻi ʻaʻai) a malignant (maʻi ʻaʻai). He nui o kēia mau neoplasms he hana, ʻo ia hoʻi, hana lākou i nā hormones nui e hiki ke hana i nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole hana a ʻaʻole paha e hana i nā hōʻailona a hiki i ka wā e ulu nui ai lākou e kaomi i nā ʻōnaehana kokoke.

He mea maʻamau ʻole kēia mau neoplasms, e pili ana i 6-7 mau kānaka no kēlā me kēia 100,000 i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka pinepine o nā kauka e ʻike iā lākou i kēia manawa ma muli o nā ʻenehana kiʻi maikaʻi aʻe a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike.

He aha nā hōʻailona o nā neoplasms neuroendocrine?

He ʻano like ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ma muli o kahi o ka neoplasm a inā paha e hana ia i nā hormones. Nui nā kānaka e ʻike i nā hōʻailona maʻamau e hiki ke kuhi hewa ʻia me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe.

Eia nā hōʻailona maʻamau loa āu e ʻike ai:

• ʻEha mau a i ʻole ka ʻeha ʻōpū ʻaʻole e pau
• Loli i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, me ka luaʻi mau no nā hebedoma
• Pau ke kaumaha me ka ho'āʻo ʻole e lilo i kaumaha
• Nā hanana pulu kahi e ʻulaʻula koke ai kou helehelena a me kou ʻāʻī a me ka mahana
• ʻO ka wheezing a i ʻole ka pilikia hanu e like me ka hele mai mai kahi ʻole
• Nā palpitations naʻau a i ʻole ka puʻuwai kūpono ʻole
• Ka luhi ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi me ka hoʻomaha

ʻIke kekahi poʻe i ka mea i kapa ʻia e nā kauka ʻo ka "carcinoid syndrome," kahi e hana ai nā tumors e hana ana i nā hormone i nā mea i loko o kou kahe koko. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā hanana o ka pulu, ka luaʻi, a me nā pilikia hanu.

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hōʻailona e like me nā ʻili ʻili, nā loli o ke kō koko, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpū ʻōpū. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻo ka hoʻomohala mālie ʻana o nā hōʻailona a hiki ke palupalu i ka hoʻomaka.

He aha nā ʻano o nā tumors neuroendocrine?

Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​kauka i nā tumors neuroendocrine ma muli o kahi e hoʻomohala ai a pehea ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻoholo pinepine ka wahi i nā hōʻailona āu e ʻike ai a me nā koho lapaʻau e hana maikaʻi loa.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau loa e komo pū ana:

• Nā tumors gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) e ulu ana i kou ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka pancreas
• Nā tumors neuroendocrine lung e hana ana i kou ʻōnaehana hanu
• Nā tumors neuroendocrine pancreatic, me nā insulinomas a me nā gastrinomas
• Nā tumors Carcinoid, kahi pinepine loa i kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka appendix

Hoʻokaʻina pū nā kauka i kēia mau tumors mai G1 a G3 ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka māhele ʻana o nā sela. ulu mālie nā tumors G1, ulu nā tumors G2 i ka wikiwiki waena, a ulu wikiwiki nā tumors G3 a pono i ka lapaʻau ikaika.

E hoʻoholo kāu hui olakino i ke ʻano a me ka papa kikoʻī ma o nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole, kahi e kōkua ai iā lākou e hana i ka papa hana lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no kou kūlana.

He aha ka mea e hana ai i nā tumors neuroendocrine?

ʻAʻole maopopo ka kumu kūpono o ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai neuroendocrine, akā manaʻo nā mea noiʻi e ulu lākou i ka wā e loli ai nā cell neuroendocrine i nā ʻano genetic e hoʻoulu ai i ka ulu ʻino. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau loli ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe i ka manawa.

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke kōkua i ko lākou ulu ʻana:

• Nā loli cellular pili i ka makahiki, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau maʻi ʻaʻai i nā kānaka ma luna o 50
• Nā maʻi genetic hoʻoilina e like me nā maʻi Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)
• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā maʻi ʻaʻai neuroendocrine a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana pili
• Kekahi mau kūlana lapaʻau e hoʻopilikia ana i ka hana ʻana o ka waikawa ʻōpū

I nā hihia kakaikahi, hoʻoilina nā kānaka i nā mutations genetic e hoʻonui nui i ko lākou pilikia. ʻO kēia mau maʻi hoʻoilina wale nō kahi 5-10% o nā maʻi ʻaʻai neuroendocrine a pau.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia kēia mau maʻi ʻaʻai e nā koho nohona e like me ka ʻai, ka puhipaka, a i ʻole ke kaumaha. ʻAʻohe mea āu i hana ai e hoʻoulu ai i kēia kūlana, a ʻaʻohe kumu e hoʻopiʻi ai iā ʻoe iho inā ke hana nei ʻoe me kahi maʻi ʻaʻai neuroendocrine.

I ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka no nā maʻi ʻaʻai neuroendocrine?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu mea lawelawe ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona mau loa e lōʻihi ana ma mua o kekahi mau pule, ʻoi aku hoʻi inā ke hoʻopilikia nei lākou i kou ola i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻOiai hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke loaʻa i nā kumu he nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana iā lākou.

E ʻimi koke i ka mālama lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe:

• ʻEha ʻōpū nui ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ka counter
• Ka maʻi ʻōpū mau loa e lōʻihi ana ma mua o ʻelua pule
• Ka nalowale kaumaha wehe ʻole ʻia ma mua o 10 paona
• Nā hanana flushing pinepine i hui pū ʻia me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe
• Paʻakikī ka hanu a i ʻole ka wheezing e ʻoi aku ka ʻino

Mai kali inā ke loaʻa nei iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi a i ʻole inā ke hana pū nei nā hōʻailona he nui. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā pono ke hoʻokolohua hou aku.

E hoʻomanaʻo, nui nā kūlana e hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona like, no laila, e ho'āʻo mai ʻaʻole e hopohopo nui ma mua o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kahi limahana olakino. ʻO ka loiloi mua pinepine e alakaʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi aʻe ke pono ka mālama.

He aha nā mea pilikia no nā ʻano maʻi neuroendocrine?

Nui nā mea e hiki ke hoʻonui i kou hiki ke loaʻa i kahi maʻi neuroendocrine, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea pilikia e ʻōlelo ai e loaʻa maoli iā ʻoe kekahi. Hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea ke kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu kauka e makaʻala i nā hōʻailona hiki.

ʻO nā mea pilikia nui e komo pū ana:

• ʻO ka makahiki ma luna o 50, i ka wā e lilo ai nā loli o nā sela i mea maʻamau
• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā maʻi neuroendocrine a i ʻole nā ​​syndromes genetic pili
• Nā kūlana hoʻoilina e like me nā syndromes Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
• Kekahi mau kūlana ʻōpū e ho'emi i ka hana ʻana o ka waikawa
• ʻO ka lilo ʻana he ʻAmelika ʻApelika, kahi e hoʻonui iki ai i ka pilikia no kekahi mau ʻano

Hoʻonui nui kekahi mau syndromes genetic kānalua i ka pilikia, me ka maʻi von Hippel-Lindau a me ka neurofibromatosis type 1. Holo kēia mau kūlana i nā ʻohana a komo pinepine i nā ʻano maʻi he nui.

ʻAʻole ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā mea pilikia e ʻōlelo ai e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi neuroendocrine. Nui nā kānaka me nā mea pilikia ʻaʻole loa e loaʻa kēia mau maʻi, ʻoiai kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe me nā mea pilikia ʻike ʻole ʻia.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i nā maʻi neuroendocrine?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi neuroendocrine e ulu mālie a hoʻoulu i nā pilikia hiki ke mālama ʻia, ʻoiai ke hopu ʻia i ka wā mua. Eia naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau pilikia inā ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia nā maʻi a i ʻole inā hana lākou i nā hormones nui.

ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau āu e ʻike ai e komo pū ana:

• Ka hōʻailona carcinoid mai nā pōʻino hana hormone e hoʻoulu ai i ka pulu ʻana a me ka luaʻi
• Ka ānai ʻana o ka ʻōpū inā ulu nui nā pōʻino i loko o kou ʻōpū
• Nā pilikia o ka valve naʻau mai ka hōʻailona carcinoid lōʻihi
• Nā pilikia o ke kō koko mai nā pōʻino pancreatic
• Nā ʻeha o ka ʻōpū mai nā pōʻino hana gastrin

Hiki i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi akā kakaʻikahi ke komo pū me ka pilikia carcinoid, kahi e komo ai ka pulu ʻana nui, nā loli o ke koko, a me nā pilikia hanu. Hana pinepine kēia me nā pōʻino hana hormone holomua wale nō.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou ke pale a mālama pono i ka hapa nui o nā pilikia. E nānā pono kāu hui olakino iā ʻoe a hoʻoponopono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka pono e hoʻemi i nā pilikia.

Pehea e hiki ai ke pale ʻia nā pōʻino neuroendocrine?

ʻAʻole maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe ala i hōʻoia ʻia e pale aku i ka hapa nui o nā pōʻino neuroendocrine, ʻoiai ke ulu pinepine nei lākou ma muli o nā loli genetic kūpono ʻole. Eia naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā ʻanuʻu e kākoʻo i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa a hopu i nā pilikia i ka wā mua.

Eia nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana:

• Mālama i nā nānā maʻamau me kāu mea hoʻolako olakino
• Hōʻike koke i nā hōʻailona mau a kūpono ʻole
• Hahai i nā ʻōlelo aʻo pale inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mōʻaukala ʻohana
• E noʻonoʻo i ka ʻōlelo aʻo genetic inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā kumu pilikia hoʻoilina
• E ola i kahi ola olakino maʻamau me ka ʻai maikaʻi a me ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi syndrome genetic i ʻike ʻia e hoʻonui i kou pilikia, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā hoʻokolohua pale kūikawā a i ʻole ka nānā pinepine ʻana. Hiki i kēia ala hana proactive ke kōkua i ka hopu ʻana i nā pōʻino i ka wā mua ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i kēia mau pōʻino āpau, ʻo ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kou kino a me ka mālama ʻana i ka kamaʻilio ākea me kāu hui olakino e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama holomua.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai nā pōʻino neuroendocrine?

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻōpū neuroendocrine pinepine e pono ai nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole no ka mea ua like nā hōʻailona me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe he nui. E hoʻomaka kāu kauka me ka moʻolelo lapaʻau piha a me ka nānā kino e hoʻomaopopo i kāu mau hōʻailona.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻike pinepine e komo pū ana:

• Nā hoʻokolohua koko e nānā i nā pae hormone a me nā māka ʻōpū
• Nā hoʻokolohua mimi e ana i nā huahana haki hormone
• Nā scan CT a i ʻole MRI e ʻimi a ana i nā ʻōpū
• Nā scan kūikawā e like me nā scan octreotide e hoʻopuni i nā sela neuroendocrine
• Nā kaʻina endoscopy e nānā i kou ʻōnaehana ʻai
• Biopsy e hōʻoia i ka ʻike a hoʻoholo i ka papa o ka ʻōpū

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua hormone kūikawā ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona. No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia kō koko, e nānā lākou i nā pae insulin. Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka pulu ʻana a me ka luaʻi, e hoʻokolohua lākou no nā mea e pili ana i ka maʻi carcinoid.

Hiki i ke kaʻina hana ʻike holoʻokoʻa ke lawe i nā hebedoma he nui a i ʻole nā mahina paha, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he mea hoʻonāukiuki. Eia naʻe, he mea nui ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike pololei no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka papa hana mālama maikaʻi loa no kāu kūlana kūikawā.

He aha ka mālama no nā ʻōpū neuroendocrine?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no nā ʻōpū neuroendocrine e hilinaʻi ana i nā mea he nui e like me ka wahi o ka ʻōpū, ka nui, ka papa, a inā paha e hana ana i nā hormone. He nui nā kānaka e hana maikaʻi loa me ka mālama, a hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia kekahi mau ʻōpū.

Hiki i kāu papa hana mālama ke komo pū me:

• Ka ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia pinepine ka mālama i makemake ʻia no nā ʻōpū i kau ʻia ma kahi
• Nā analogs somatostatin e kaohi i ka hana hormone a hoʻomāmā i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopili ʻia e hoʻouka kūikawā i nā sela ʻōpū
• Ke chemotherapy no nā ʻōpū ʻoi aku ka ʻino a i ʻole ka laha
• Ka mālama radiation e hoʻemi i nā ʻōpū a hoʻomaha i nā hōʻailona
• Nā mālama i hoʻokele ʻia e ke akepaʻa inā ua laha nā ʻōpū i ke akepaʻa

No nā pōʻali maʻi e hana ana i nā hormones, e kaukaʻi kou kauka i ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona ʻoiai e mālama ana i ka pōʻali maʻi ponoʻī. Hiki paha kēia ke komo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻokele ai i ka luaʻi, ka pulu ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia kō koko.

Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā mea he nui me nā pōʻali maʻi ulu mālie me nā scan maʻamau a me nā hoʻokolohua koko me ka ʻole o ka mālama koke. ʻO kēia ala, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka nānā ʻana ikaika, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale aku i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka mālama ʻana ʻoiai e hōʻoia ana ʻaʻole e ulu a loli paha ka pōʻali maʻi.

Pehea e hoʻokele ai i nā pōʻali maʻi neuroendocrine ma ka home?

ʻO ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke ola me kahi pōʻali maʻi neuroendocrine e pili ana i ka mālama lapaʻau a me nā hoʻolālā lā maʻamau. He nui ka poʻe i ʻike hiki iā lākou ke mālama i ko lākou maikaʻi o ke ola me kekahi mau hoʻoponopono a me nā ala mālama ponoʻī.

Eia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kōkua no ka hoʻokele lā maʻamau:

• E mālama i kahi moʻolelo hōʻailona e hahai i nā ʻano a me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki
• E ʻai i nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi, pinepine e kōkua i nā hōʻailona ʻōpū
• E noho wai, ʻoi aku inā ʻoe e ʻike ana i ka luaʻi
• E pale i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu e hoʻonāukiuki i nā hanana pulu
• E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻenehana hoʻokele kaumaha e like me ka hanu hohonu a i ʻole ka noʻonoʻo
• E loaʻa ka hoʻomaha kūpono a mālama i kahi papa moe maʻamau

Inā ʻoe e hana ana me ka carcinoid syndrome, pono paha ʻoe e pale i kekahi mau meaʻai e like me nā cheese kahiko, ka waiʻona, a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai ʻawaʻawa e hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā hanana pulu. Hiki i kāu hui olakino ke hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo meaʻai kūikawā.

E noho pili me nā hui kākoʻo a i ʻole nā ​​lawelawe aʻoaʻo inā ʻoe e manaʻo nui ʻia. He nui ka poʻe i ʻike he kōkua ke kamaʻilio me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e maopopo ana i ka mea a lākou e hele nei.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu kauka manawa?

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu manawa hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i ka hapa nui o kāu manawa me kāu mea hoʻolako olakino a e hōʻoia e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻike āpau āu e pono ai. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi e kōkua pū i kāu kauka e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i kou kūlana.

Ma mua o kāu manawa:

• E papa inoa i kāu mau hōʻailona a pau, me ka wā i hoʻomaka ai a me ka pinepine o ka hanana ʻana
• E lawe mai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau i kēia manawa, me nā mea hoʻohui a me nā lāʻau kūʻai ʻole
• E hoʻomākaukau i nā nīnau e pili ana i kāu ʻike maʻi, nā koho mālama, a me ka prognosis
• E ʻohi i nā moʻolelo lapaʻau kūpono mai nā kauka ʻē aʻe
• E noʻonoʻo e lawe mai i kahi lālā ʻohana a hoaaloha paha no ke kākoʻo a me ke kōkua i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka ʻike

E kākau i nā nīnau kikoʻī āu e makemake ai e nīnau, e like me ke ʻano o ka tumor āu i loaʻa ai, nā koho mālama i loaʻa, a me ka mea e manaʻo ai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Mai kānalua e noi i ka wehewehe inā ʻaʻole maopopo kekahi mea.

E hoʻomanaʻo he mea kēia no kou olakino, a loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuleana e hoʻomaopopo piha i kou kūlana. E hoʻolilo kahi kauka maikaʻi i ka manawa e pane i kāu mau nīnau a kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu me kāu papahana mālama.

He aha ka mea nui e lawe mai e pili ana i nā tumors neuroendocrine?

ʻO nā tumors neuroendocrine nā kūlana hiki ke mālama ʻia e pili ana i nā sela hana hormone ma kou kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiai hiki ke manaʻo nui ke loaʻa kēia ʻike maʻi, nui ka poʻe me kēia mau tumors e ola ana i nā ola piha a hana nui me ka mālama kūpono a me ka nānā.

ʻO nā mea nui loa e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻo ka ulu mālie pinepine ʻana o kēia mau tumors, nui nā koho mālama i loaʻa, a ʻo ka ʻike mua ʻana e alakaʻi pinepine ana i nā hopena maikaʻi. E hana pū kāu hui olakino me ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi papahana mālama pilikino e kūpono i kou kūlana kikoʻī.

Mai kānalua e nīnau i nā nīnau, e ʻimi i nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe inā pono, a e hilinaʻi i kāu ʻōnaehana kākoʻo i kēia huakaʻi. Me nā mālama holomua o kēia lā a me nā ʻenehana nānā, ke hoʻomau nei ka manaʻolana no nā poʻe me nā tumors neuroendocrine e hoʻomaikaʻi.

Nā nīnau pinepine e pili ana i nā tumors neuroendocrine

He kanesa mau nā tumors neuroendocrine?

ʻAʻole, hiki i nā pōʻino neuroendocrine ke lokomaikaʻi (ʻaʻole kanesa) a i ʻole he ʻino (kanesa). ulu mālie loa ka nui o kēia mau pōʻino a ʻaʻole paha e pālahalaha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino. E hoʻoholo kāu kauka inā he lokomaikaʻi a ʻino paha kāu pōʻino maoli ma o nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e like me ka biopsy a me nā haʻawina kiʻi.

Hiki ke ho'ōla piha ʻia nā pōʻino neuroendocrine?

ʻAe, hiki ke hoʻōla piha ʻia nā pōʻino neuroendocrine he nui, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā i hopu ʻia ai i ka wā mua a ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ma mua o ko lākou wahi mua. Hiki i ka ʻoki kino ke wehe pinepine i ka pōʻino holoʻokoʻa, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻōla piha. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla, noho lōʻihi nā kānaka he nui me ka hoʻokele maikaʻi ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana.

E pono anei iaʻu ka mālama koke inā ʻike ʻia au?

ʻAʻole pono. Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā pōʻino neuroendocrine ulu mālie me nā nānā maʻamau a me nā scan me ka ʻole o ka mālama koke. ʻO kēia ala, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka nānā ʻana ikaika a i ʻole ka kali akahele, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale aku i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka mālama ʻana ʻoiai e hōʻoia ana ʻaʻole e loli ka pōʻino. E kuhikuhi kāu kauka i ka mālama koke wale nō inā ulu ka pōʻino, e hoʻoulu ana i nā hōʻailona, ​​a i ʻole e hana ana i nā hormones nui.

Hiki i ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka ʻai ke hoʻoulu i nā pōʻino neuroendocrine?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole i hoʻoulu ʻia nā pōʻino neuroendocrine e ke kaumaha, ka ʻai, a i ʻole nā ​​koho nohona. Ke ulu nei kēia mau pōʻino ma muli o nā loli genetic i nā sela e hana mau ana ma ka manawa. ʻOiai hiki i kekahi mau meaʻai ke hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona i nā poʻe i loaʻa nā pōʻino hormone-hana, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoulu i nā pōʻino ponoʻī e ulu.

Pehea pinepine wau e pono ai i nā hālāwai hope a me nā hoʻokolohua?

Hoʻololi nā papa hana hahai ma muli o ke ʻano o kāu ʻōpū, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. Pono ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i nā nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia mahina 3-6 i ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. E kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau a me nā kiʻi ʻana e nānā i kou kūlana. E hoʻopilikino ʻia ka pinepine pololei i kāu kūlana pilikino a me ke ʻano o kou pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.