He aha ka Colitis Pseudomembranous? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, a me ka Lapaʻau

ʻO ka colitis pseudomembranous kahi mumū nui o kou ʻōpū nui (colon) e hana ai i nā ʻāpana mānoanoa, melemele i kapa ʻia ʻo pseudomembranes ma ka paia o ka ʻōpū. Hana kēia maʻi ke lawe nā bacteria ʻino i kou ʻōpū ma hope o ka holoi ʻia ʻana o nā bacteria maikaʻi, maʻamau mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic.

E noʻonoʻo i kou colon e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi papa pale o nā bacteria pono e mālama i nā mea āpau i kaulike. Ke pepehi nā lāʻau antibiotic i kēia mau microorganism kōkua, hiki i nā bacteria weliweli e like me Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) ke hoʻonui wikiwiki a hoʻokuʻu i nā mea ʻino e hōʻino i kou laina ʻōpū.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka colitis pseudomembranous?

ʻO ka hōʻailona mua maʻamau ka luaʻi wai e ulu ana i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope koke o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia luaʻi wai he ʻala ʻino a hana pinepine i ka lā.

Eia nā hōʻailona e pono ai ʻoe e nānā, e hoʻomaka ana me nā mea maʻamau loa:

• Luaʻi wai pinepine (3 a ʻoi aku paha i ka lā)
• ʻEha a me ka ʻeha ʻōpū
• Fever a me nā chills
• Nausea a me ka nalowale o ka makemake
• Ke koko a i ʻole ka mucus i loko o ka waihona
• Nā hōʻailona dehydration e like me ka dizziness a i ʻole ka waha maloʻo

I nā hihia ʻoi aku ka nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai, ka pehu nui o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ka dehydration nui. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona i loko o kekahi mau lā a i kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lāʻau antibiotic, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā mahina ma hope.

He aha ka mea e hoʻokumu ai i ka colitis pseudomembranous?

ʻO ke kumu nui ka ulu nui ʻana o nā bacteria Clostridioides difficile i loko o kou colon ma hope o ka hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻana o kou mau bacteria gut maʻamau. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia hoʻopilikia ke lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau antibiotic e pepehi i nā bacteria ʻino a me nā mea pono.

E nānā kākou i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki nui e hiki ke alakaʻi i kēia maʻi:

• Hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic (ʻoi aku hoʻi ka clindamycin, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, a me nā penicillins)
• Nā lāʻau chemotherapy
• Nā proton pump inhibitors no ka acid reflux
• Nā hoʻokipa haukapila a i ʻole nā ​​wahi mālama lōʻihi
• Nā hihia ma mua o ka maʻi C. diff

I nā hihia kakaikahi, hiki i ka colitis pseudomembranous ke ulu me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic. Hiki paha kēia ma muli o ka maʻi nui, ka maʻi inflammatory bowel, a i ʻole kekahi mau lāʻau e kāohi i kou ʻōnaehana pale.

I ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka no ka colitis pseudomembranous?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu mea mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka luaʻi mau i ka wā e lawe ana i nā lāʻau antibiotic a i loko o ʻelua mahina ma hope o ka pau ʻana o lākou. Mai kali e ʻike inā hoʻomaikaʻi nā hōʻailona ma luna o lākou iho.

E ʻimi i ka mālama pilikia koke inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū, ka mahana kiʻekiʻe ma luna o 101.3°F (38.5°C), nā hōʻailona o ka dehydration, a i ʻole ke koko i loko o kou waihona. Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hōʻike i nā pilikia nui e pono ai ka mālama koke.

ʻOiai nā hōʻailona māmā e pono ai ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka no ka mea hiki i ka colitis pseudomembranous ke hoʻopilikia koke. ʻO ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i kou hopena a pale i nā pilikia weliweli.

He aha nā mea pilikia no ka colitis pseudomembranous?

ʻOiai ua hoʻōla piha ka nui o nā kānaka me ka mālama kūpono, hiki i ka colitis pseudomembranous ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia nui inā waiho ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka pilikia nui loa ka dehydration nui mai ka luaʻi mau.

Eia nā pilikia e hiki ke ulu, mai ka mea maʻamau a hiki i ka mea kakaikahi akā koʻikoʻi:

• Dehydration nui a me nā pilikia electrolyte
• Nā pilikia kidney mai ka dehydration
• Toxic megacolon (pehu weliweli o ka colon)
• Colon perforation (puka i ka paia ʻōpū)
• Sepsis (maʻi weliweli e pālahalaha ana)
• Make i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia

Hoʻopilikia nā maʻi hou i kahi 20-25% o nā kānaka, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki i ka maʻi ke hoʻi hou ma hope o ka mālama holomua. Hana kēia no ka mea hiki i nā spores mai nā bacteria C. diff ke ola i loko o kou ʻōpū a hoʻomaka hou ma hope. Pane maikaʻi ka nui o nā hoʻi hou i ka mālama ʻana, ʻoiai pono kekahi poʻe i nā therapies kūikawā.

Pehea ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka colitis pseudomembranous?

E hoʻomaka kāu kauka ma ka nīnau ʻana e pili ana i kāu hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic a me nā hōʻailona, ​​a laila e kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua stool e ʻimi i nā bacteria C. diff a me kā lākou mau mea ʻino. ʻO kēia mau hoʻokolohua ka hana mua a me ka mea nui loa i ka hōʻoia ʻana.

Hoʻokomo pinepine ka kaʻina hana hōʻoia i kekahi mau ala e hōʻoia ai i ka maʻi a loiloi i kona koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke ʻohi i nā laʻana stool he nui no ka mea ʻaʻole mau nā bacteria C. diff a me nā mea ʻino i loko o kēlā me kēia laʻana.

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua hou ke komo pū me ka hana koko e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a me ka dehydration. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i kahi CT scan o kou ʻōpū e ʻimi i nā pilikia e like me ka pehu colon a i ʻole ka perforation.

I kekahi manawa, pono ka colonoscopy e ʻike pololei i nā ʻāpana melemele (pseudomembranes) ma ka paia o kou colon. Kūleʻa kēia kaʻina hana i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hōʻoia ʻana ke maopopo ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua stool a i ʻole ke kānalua ʻia nā pilikia.

He aha ka lapaʻau no ka colitis pseudomembranous?

Kūkulu ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lāʻau antibiotic (inā lawe mau ʻoe i hoʻokahi) a hoʻomaka i nā lāʻau kūikawā e hoʻopili i nā bacteria C. diff. ʻO nā mālama i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia ʻo ka vancomycin waha a i ʻole fidaxomicin.

E koho kāu kauka i ka lāʻau maikaʻi loa ma muli o ka koʻikoʻi o kou maʻi a me kāu mōʻaukala lapaʻau. ʻO Vancomycin pinepine ka koho mua no nā hihia waena a koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai hiki ke makemake ʻia ʻo Fidaxomicin inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi ma mua.

No nā hihia māmā, hiki i kekahi mau kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka metronidazole, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pinepine kēia i kēia manawa. Mālama pinepine ʻia ka mālama ʻana i nā lā 10-14, a pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e ʻike i ka maikaʻi i loko o kekahi mau lā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau.

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi me nā pilikia, pono paha ʻoe i ka hoʻokipa no nā wai IV, ka nānā pono, a i kekahi manawa ka ʻoki. ʻO ka fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) kahi koho mālama hou no nā kānaka me nā maʻi hou e pane ʻole i nā lāʻau antibiotic maʻamau.

Pehea e mālama ai iā ʻoe iho i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka colitis pseudomembranous?

ʻO ka noho hydrated kou mea nui loa no ka mea hiki i ka luaʻi ke alakaʻi koke i ka dehydration. E inu i ka wai maopopo e like me ka wai, ka waiʻai, a i ʻole nā ​​wai electrolyte i ka lā holoʻokoʻa.

He mea nui ka hoʻomaha no kou hoʻōla ʻana, no laila mai hoʻoikaika iā ʻoe iho e mālama i nā hana maʻamau i kou wā e hoʻōla ana. Pono kāu kino i ka ikehu e hakakā i ka maʻi a hoʻoponopono i kou laina ʻōpū.

E ʻai i nā meaʻai maʻalahi, maʻalahi ke ʻai ke manaʻo ʻoe e ʻai. Hiki i ka BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) ke mālie i kou ʻōpū, akā mai kaupalena iā ʻoe iho i kēia mau meaʻai wale nō inā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻae i ka nui.

E pale i nā huahana waiū, nā meaʻai momona, a me nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe-fiber a hiki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o kou mau hōʻailona, ​​no ka mea hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻopilikia i ka luaʻi. ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻia nā probiotics i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia i kāu mau lāʻau antibiotic i kuhikuhi ʻia.

Pehea e pale ʻia ai ka colitis pseudomembranous?

ʻO ka hana pale maikaʻi loa ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic wale nō ke pono maoli a me ka pololei e like me ka kuhikuhi ʻana o kāu mea mālama ola. Mai mālama i nā lāʻau antibiotic i koe a i ʻole ka kaʻana like ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

He mea nui ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima maikaʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wahi mālama ola kahi e ola ai nā spores C. diff ma nā ʻili no nā mahina. E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ka wai a me ka wai ma mua o ka hilinaʻi wale ʻana i nā sanitizers waiʻona, ka mea ʻaʻole e pepehi i nā spores C. diff.

Inā aia ʻoe i kahi haukapila a i ʻole kahi mālama lōʻihi, e hōʻoia i ka holoi ʻana o nā limahana mālama ola i ko lākou mau lima ma mua a ma hope o ka mālama ʻana iā ʻoe. Mai kānalua e hoʻomanaʻo mālie iā lākou inā ʻike ʻoe ua poina lākou.

E mālama i kahi ola olakino me ka ʻai maikaʻi a me ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau e kākoʻo i kou ʻōnaehana pale a me ke olakino gut. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke pale loa i ka hoʻolaha ʻana iā C. diff, kōkua kahi ʻōnaehana pale ikaika i kou kino e kūʻē i ka maʻi.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu hālāwai kauka?

E kākau i kou mau hōʻailona āpau, me ka wā i hoʻomaka ai lākou a pehea ka pinepine o ka hana ʻana. E kūikawā e pili ana i ka pinepine a me ka helehelena o kou luaʻi, no ka mea kōkua kēia ʻike i kāu kauka e loiloi i ka koʻikoʻi.

E lawe mai i kahi papa inoa piha o nā lāʻau āpau āu i lawe ai i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala, me nā lāʻau antibiotic, nā lāʻau over-the-counter, a me nā mea hoʻohui. E komo pū nā inoa, nā doses, a me nā lā āu i lawe ai.

E hoʻomākaukau i nā nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau koho mālama, ka manawa hoʻōla i manaʻo ʻia, a me ka wā e pono ai ʻoe e hahai. E nīnau e pili ana i nā hōʻailona hoʻomaopopo e pono ai ka mālama koke.

E noʻonoʻo e lawe mai i kahi lālā ʻohana a hoaaloha paha e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻike koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku inā ʻoe e ʻeha ʻole ana. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo a kōkua i ka ʻōlelo no kāu mālama inā pono.

He aha ka mea nui e pili ana i ka colitis pseudomembranous?

ʻO ka colitis pseudomembranous kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi akā hiki ke mālama ʻia e ulu pinepine ana ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana e alakaʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka.

ʻO ka mea nui loa e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻo ka luaʻi mau i ka wā a ma hope paha o ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic ʻaʻole maʻamau a pono i ka loiloi lapaʻau. Mai ho'āʻo e hoʻoikaika iā ia a i ʻole e manaʻo e hoʻonā ʻia ma luna o ia iho.

Me ka mālama kūpono, hoʻōla piha ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua pule paha. ʻO ka hahai ʻana i nā kuhikuhi a kāu kauka a me ka mālama ʻana iā ʻoe iho i ka wā o ka hoʻōla ʻana e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka manawa maikaʻi loa no kahi kaʻina hoʻōla piha, maʻalahi.

Nā nīnau pinepine e pili ana i ka colitis pseudomembranous

Q1. Hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa i ka colitis pseudomembranous me ka ʻole o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic?

ʻAe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pinepine. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kēia maʻi mai nā lāʻau chemotherapy, kekahi mau lāʻau acid ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka maʻi nui e hoʻopilikia i kou mau bacteria gut. Eia naʻe, pili kahi 90% o nā hihia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic i hala koke nei.

Q2. Pehea ka lōʻihi e hoʻōla ai mai ka colitis pseudomembranous?

Hoʻomaka ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e ʻike i ka maikaʻi i loko o 2-3 mau lā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana, me ka hoʻōla piha e lawe pinepine ana i 1-2 mau pule. Eia naʻe, pono paha i kou laina ʻōpū kekahi mau pule e hoʻōla piha, no laila hiki ke hoʻomau kekahi mau ʻano digestive ʻoiai ma hope o ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

Q3. He mea hoʻopilikia anei ka colitis pseudomembranous?

Hiki i nā bacteria C. diff e hoʻokumu ai i kēia maʻi ke pālahalaha mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka ma o nā ʻili haumia a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima maikaʻi ʻole. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou loaʻa ʻana i nā hōʻailona wale nō inā ua hoʻopilikia ʻia kāu mau bacteria gut e nā lāʻau antibiotic a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe.

Q4. Hiki i ka colitis pseudomembranous ke hoʻi mai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻae. Ma kahi o 20-25% o nā kānaka e ʻike i ka hoʻi hou ʻana, maʻamau i loko o 2-8 mau pule ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka mālama ʻana. Hana kēia no ka mea hiki i nā spores C. diff ke ola i loko o kou ʻōpū a lilo hou i mea hana. Pane pinepine nā hihia hou i ka like a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau antibiotic ʻē aʻe.

Q5. Aia kekahi mau hopena lōʻihi o ka colitis pseudomembranous?

Hoʻōla piha ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka ʻole o nā hopena mau. Eia naʻe, hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i nā loli manawa i nā ʻano bowel a i ʻole ka nui o ka maʻalahi i kekahi mau meaʻai no kekahi mau mahina. Kakaikahi, hiki i nā hihia koʻikoʻi ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia digestive lōʻihi, akā ʻaʻole pinepine kēia me ka mālama kūpono.