He aha ka Tricuspid Atresia? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, a me ka Lapaʻau

ʻO ka tricuspid atresia kahi kūlana naʻau maʻamau loa i loaʻa i ka wā hānau, kahi i hana ʻole pono ai ka valve tricuspid. ʻO kēia valve maʻamau e noho ana ma waena o ka atrium ʻākau a me ka ventricle ʻākau, e ʻae ana i ke koko e kahe mai ka lumi ʻākau luna a i ka lumi ʻākau lalo o kou naʻau.

Ke nalowale a pani loa paha kēia valve, ʻaʻole hiki i ke koko ke kahe maʻamau ma o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o kou naʻau. Ma kahi o kēlā, e ʻimi ana ke koko i nā ala ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i kou mau māmā a me kou kino, akā naʻe, e hana nui kēia i kou naʻau a ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i nā pūnaewele o kou kino.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka tricuspid atresia?

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka tricuspid atresia e ʻike pinepine ʻia i loko o nā lā mua a i ʻole nā pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pēpē me kēia kūlana e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona maopopo e pono ʻole kekahi mea me ka hana o ko lākou naʻau.

Eia nā hōʻailona maʻamau loa āu e ʻike ai:

• ʻIli uliuli a hina paha, ʻoi aku hoʻi a puni nā lehelehe, nā kui lima, a me nā kui wāwae (i kapa ʻia ʻo cyanosis)
• Paʻakikī i ka hanu a i ʻole ka hanu wikiwiki, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā e hānai ai a i ʻole ke uē ʻana
• Hānai maikaʻi ʻole a lohi ka hoʻonui kaumaha
• Luhi nui a luhi paha i ka wā o nā hana maʻamau
• Hoʻonāukiuki a huhū paha i ʻano ʻē aʻe
• Ke pulu ʻana i ka wā e hānai ai a i ʻole nā hana māmā ʻē aʻe

Hiki i kekahi mau pēpē ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e like me nā maʻi hanu pinepine a i ʻole nā hanana kahi e lilo ai ko lākou mau lehelehe a me ko lākou ʻili i uliuli loa i ka wā e uē ai a i ʻole ke kaumaha. E hana ana kēia mau hōʻailona no ka mea ʻaʻole lawa ke koko momona oxygen i ke kino o kāu pēpē.

I nā hihia kakaikahi, ʻaʻole paha e hōʻike kekahi mau keiki me nā ʻano māmā o ka tricuspid atresia i nā hōʻailona maopopo a hiki i ko lākou wā ʻelemakule a lilo i mea hana nui. Eia naʻe, ʻike mua ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hihia no ka mea ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona.

He aha ka mea e hoʻokumu ai i ka tricuspid atresia?

E ulu ana ka tricuspid atresia i loko o nā hebedoma ʻewalu mua o ka hāpai ʻana i ka wā e hana ana ka naʻau o kāu pēpē. ʻAʻole maopopo loa ke kumu pololei, akā e hana ia ke hāʻule ka valve tricuspid e ulu pono i kēia manawa koʻikoʻi.

ʻAʻole i hana ʻia kēia kūlana e kekahi mea āu i hana ai a i ʻole ʻaʻole i hana i ka wā hāpai. E hana nā hemahema naʻau e like me ka tricuspid atresia ma ka manawa i ka wā e ulu ai ka naʻau, a ʻaʻohe ala e pale aku ai.

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui iki i ka pilikia, ʻoiai ka hapa nui o nā pēpē me ka tricuspid atresia i hānau ʻia i nā mākua me nā mea pilikia ʻike ʻole:

• Nā kūlana genetic e like me ka Down syndrome
• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā hemahema naʻau i hānau ʻia
• Ka maʻi diabetes makuahine i hoʻomalu ʻole ʻia i ka wā hāpai
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau i lawe ʻia i ka wā hāpai mua
• Nā maʻi makuahine e like me ka rubella i ka wā hāpai

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole nui ka manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pēpē me ka tricuspid atresia, ʻoiai me kēia mau mea pilikia. Hoʻopili kēia kūlana i kahi 1 i 10,000 mau pēpē i hānau ʻia.

He aha nā ʻano o ka tricuspid atresia?

Hoʻokaʻawale nā kauka i ka tricuspid atresia i nā ʻano like ʻole ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻano o ka naʻau a me nā hemahema naʻau ʻē aʻe i loaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano kikoʻī o kāu keiki e kōkua i nā kauka e hoʻolālā i ke ala lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.

ʻO nā ʻano nui e komo pū ana:

• ʻAno 1: Aia nā arteries nui (aorta a me ka pulmonary artery) ma ko lākou mau kūlana maʻamau, akā hiki ke nalowale ka pulmonary valve
• ʻAno 2: Hoʻololi ʻia nā arteries nui (transposed), kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma o ka naʻau
• ʻAno 3: Nā hoʻonohonoho paʻakikī ʻē aʻe o nā moku koko nui o ka naʻau

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano i nā ʻano liʻiliʻi ma muli o ka maʻamau, nalowale, a i ʻole ke pani ʻia paha o ka pulmonary valve. E wehewehe pono kāu cardiologist i ke ʻano o kāu keiki a me ka manaʻo o ia mea no kā lākou mālama.

I ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka no ka tricuspid atresia?

ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ka tricuspid atresia ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana ke ʻike nā kauka i ka kala uliuli o ka ʻili o kāu pēpē a i ʻole nā hōʻailona pilikia ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻoholo e komo pū ana i nā ʻanuʻu he nui e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi piha o ke ʻano o ka naʻau o kāu keiki.

E hoʻomaka kāu kauka me kahi hoʻokolokolo kino, e hoʻolohe pono ana i ka naʻau o kāu pēpē me kahi stethoscope. Ke nānā nei lākou i nā leo naʻau maʻamau ʻole a i ʻole nā murmurs e hōʻike paha i kahi pilikia me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻoholo nui e komo pū ana:

• Echocardiogram: Hōʻike kēia ultrasound o ka naʻau i ke ʻano o ka naʻau a pehea ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma o ia mea
• X-ray umauma: Kōkua i nā kauka e ʻike i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka naʻau a me nā māmā o kāu pēpē
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Hoʻopaʻa i ka rhythm naʻau a me ka hana uila o kāu pēpē
• Pulse oximetry: Ke ana i nā pae oxygen i ke koko o kāu pēpē
• Cardiac catheterization: Pono i kekahi manawa no nā ana kikoʻī o nā kaomi i loko o ka naʻau

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka tricuspid atresia i ka wā hāpai ma o kahi fetal echocardiogram, ʻoi aku hoʻi inā hōʻike nā ultrasounds maʻamau i nā hemahema naʻau hiki ke loaʻa. E ʻae kēia i nā kauka e hoʻomākaukau no ka mālama ʻana i kāu pēpē ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana.

He aha ka lapaʻau no ka tricuspid atresia?

ʻO ka lapaʻau no ka tricuspid atresia e pono mau i ka ʻoki kino no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ke kūlana me nā lāʻau wale nō. ʻO ka pahuhopu ke hoʻohuli i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loaʻa i ke kino o kāu keiki i ka nui o ke koko momona oxygen.

Pono ka hapa nui o nā keiki i kahi moʻo o nā ʻoki kino i hana ʻia ma nā makahiki he nui. E ʻae kēia ala hana i ka manawa e hoʻololi mālie ai ka naʻau o kāu keiki a hāʻawi iā lākou i ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ke ola olakino.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻoki maʻamau e komo pū ana:

1. ʻO ka ʻoki mua (maʻamau i loko o nā pule o ka hānau ʻana): Hana i kahi pilina manawa e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i nā māmā
2. ʻO ka ʻoki lua (ma kahi o 4-6 mau mahina): Hoʻopili pololei i ka superior vena cava i ka pulmonary artery
3. ʻO ka ʻoki kolu (ma kahi o 2-4 mau makahiki): Hoʻopau i ka Fontan circulation, e hoʻokele pololei ana i ke koko hoʻi a pau i nā māmā

Ma waena o nā ʻoki kino, pono paha kāu keiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i kā lākou naʻau e hana maikaʻi aʻe a i ʻole e pale aku i nā clots koko. E nānā pono pū kāu hui cardiology i ka ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki.

Pono kekahi mau keiki i nā kaʻina hana hou aku, e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka pacemaker inā ulu nā pilikia rhythm naʻau, a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina hana catheter-based e mālama i nā moku koko i wehe ʻia. ʻO ka papahana lapaʻau kikoʻī e hilinaʻi ana i ke ʻano kūikawā o kāu keiki a pehea lākou e pane ai i kēlā me kēia ʻoki kino.

Pehea e hāʻawi ai i ka mālama home i ka wā lapaʻau tricuspid atresia?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kahi keiki me ka tricuspid atresia ma ka home e pono ai ka nānā ʻana i nā wahi nui, akā me ka alakaʻi kūpono, hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i kāu keiki e ulu ma waena o nā hālāwai lapaʻau a me nā ʻoki kino.

ʻO ka hānai ʻana a me ka meaʻai he mea nui loa ia no ka mea pono pinepine nā keiki me nā kūlana naʻau i nā calorie hou aku e kākoʻo i ko lākou ulu ʻana. Pono paha ʻoe e hānai pinepine i kāu pēpē me nā nui liʻiliʻi, a loaʻa i kekahi mau keiki nā pōmaikaʻi mai nā pūhui kiʻekiʻe calorie a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻohui.

ʻO nā hana mālama home nui e komo pū ana:

• Ke nānā nei i ka hanu a me nā pae ikehu o kāu keiki i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā
• Ke hōʻoia nei e loaʻa i kāu keiki ka hoʻomaha kūpono a pale aku i ka hoʻoikaika nui
• Ke pale aku nei i kāu keiki mai nā maʻi me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima maikaʻi a pale aku i nā pilina maʻi
• Ke hāʻawi nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā mea hoʻoheheʻe koko inā pono
• Ke mālama nei i ka mālama niho maʻamau e pale aku i nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka naʻau
• Ke mālama nei i ka ʻikepili pilina pilikia i loaʻa

E hilinaʻi ka pae hana o kāu keiki i ko lākou kūlana kikoʻī a me ke kahua ʻoki kino. Hiki i kekahi mau keiki ke komo i nā hana maʻamau, ʻoiai pono paha kekahi i nā hoʻololi. E hāʻawi kāu cardiologist i nā kuhikuhi kikoʻī e pili ana i nā hana palekana.

He mea maʻamau ke manaʻo hopohopo e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i kāu keiki ma ka home. Mai kānalua e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu hui lapaʻau me nā nīnau a i ʻole nā ​​​​manaʻo hopohopo, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi paha lākou.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu mau hālāwai kauka?

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no nā hālāwai me ka hui cardiology o kāu keiki e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻike waiwai loa a manaʻo hilinaʻi e pili ana i ka papahana mālama o kāu keiki. Hiki i kahi hoʻomākaukau iki ke hana i kēia mau kipa i mea hana nui loa.

Ma mua o kēlā me kēia hālāwai, e kākau i lalo i nā nīnau a i ʻole nā ​​​​manaʻo hopohopo āu e loaʻa ai e pili ana i ke kūlana o kāu keiki, ka lapaʻau, a i ʻole ka mālama o kēlā me kēia lā. He mea maʻalahi ke poina i nā nīnau nui i ka wā āu e noho ana ma ke keʻena kauka, no laila ke kōkua nei ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi papa inoa i kākau ʻia.

ʻO ka ʻike e lawe mai e komo pū ana:

• Kahi papa inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau me nā dosages a me ka manawa
• Nā memo e pili ana i nā loli i nā hōʻailona o kāu keiki, ka ʻai ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​​​pae hana
• Nā moʻolelo o nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi mai ka kipa hope loa
• Nā nīnau e pili ana i nā ʻoki kino a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina hana e hiki mai ana
• Nā manaʻo hopohopo e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki, ka ulu ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana o kēlā me kēia lā
• ʻIke inikua a me nā hopena hoʻokolohua ma mua inā ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka hou

Mai makaʻu e noi i kāu kauka e wehewehe i nā mea ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i hoʻomaopopo i kekahi mea. He mea maʻamau loa ke manaʻo kaumaha ʻia e ka ʻike lapaʻau, a makemake nā kauka maikaʻi e hōʻoia e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i ke kūlana a me ka papahana lapaʻau o kāu keiki.

E noʻonoʻo e lawe mai i kahi lālā ʻohana a hoaaloha paha i nā hālāwai nui no ke kākoʻo manaʻo a e kōkua i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka ʻike i kūkākūkā ʻia i ka wā kipa.

He aha ka mea nui e lawe mai e pili ana i ka tricuspid atresia?

ʻO ka tricuspid atresia kahi kūlana naʻau koʻikoʻi akā hiki ke mālama ʻia e pono ai ka mālama lapaʻau kūikawā a maʻamau nā ʻoki kino he nui ma nā makahiki he nui. ʻOiai hiki i kēia hoʻoholo ke manaʻo kaumaha, nui nā keiki me ka tricuspid atresia e ola ana i nā ola hana, piha me ka lapaʻau kūpono.

ʻO ka mea nui loa e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻo ka hoʻoholo mua a me ka lapaʻau e hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui i nā hopena. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui nā ʻenehana ʻoki kino hou i ka prognosis no nā keiki me kēia kūlana.

E pono i kāu keiki kahi hahai mau me kahi cardiologist, akā ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e noho ana ko lākou ola e ka mālama lapaʻau. Nui nā keiki me ka tricuspid atresia e komo i nā hana kula, nā haʻuki (me kekahi mau hoʻololi), a me nā ʻike wā kamaliʻi maʻamau.

He mea paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki me kahi kūlana naʻau, akā ʻaʻole ʻoe wale nō i kēia huakaʻi. Hiki i kāu hui lapaʻau, ʻohana, a me nā hui kākoʻo ke hāʻawi i ka alakaʻi a me ka hoʻoikaika āu e pono ai e kōkua i kāu keiki e ulu.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka tricuspid atresia

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka tricuspid atresia?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka tricuspid atresia no ka mea e hana ia ma ka manawa i ka wā e ulu ai ka naʻau i loko o nā hebedoma ʻewalu mua o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻAʻole i hana ʻia kēia kūlana e kekahi mea a nā mākua e hana ai a i ʻole ʻaʻole e hana i ka wā hāpai.

ʻOiai kekahi mau mea e like me ka maʻi diabetes makuahine a i ʻole nā ​​​​kūlana genetic e hiki ke hoʻonui iki i ka pilikia, nui nā pēpē me ka tricuspid atresia i hānau ʻia i nā mākua me nā mea pilikia ʻike ʻole. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā huaora prenatal a me ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino maikaʻi i ka wā hāpai e paipai mau ʻia, akā ʻaʻole lākou e pale aku i nā hemahema naʻau i hānau ʻia.

E hiki anei i kāu keiki ke pāʻani i nā haʻuki me ka tricuspid atresia?

Hiki i nā keiki he nui me ka tricuspid atresia ke komo i nā hana kino a me nā haʻuki, akā ʻo ka pae hana e hilinaʻi ana i ko lākou kūlana kikoʻī a me nā hopena ʻoki kino. E hāʻawi kāu cardiologist i nā kuhikuhi kikoʻī e pili ana i nā pae hana palekana.

Pono paha kekahi mau keiki e pale aku i nā hana ikaika loa a i ʻole nā ​​​​haʻuki hoʻopili, ʻoiai hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe ke komo i ka hapa nui o nā hana wā kamaliʻi maʻamau. ʻO ke kī ke hana pū me kāu hui lapaʻau e ʻimi i ke kaulike kūpono e mālama i kāu keiki i ke olakino ʻoiai e ʻae ana iā lākou e leʻaleʻa i kahi ola hana.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e pono ai kāu keiki e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka pono no nā lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻokoʻa nui ana ma muli o ke kūlana kikoʻī o kāu keiki a pehea lākou e pane ai i ka ʻoki kino. Pono paha kekahi mau keiki i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe koko lōʻihi e pale aku i nā clots, ʻoiai pono paha kekahi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō ma hope o ka ʻoki kino.

E nānā mau kāu cardiologist i ko lākou pono lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻoponopono i nā kuhikuhi e like me ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki a me ka loli ʻana o ko lākou kūlana. Mai hoʻōki a hoʻololi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o ka nīnau ʻana i kāu hui lapaʻau mua, no ka mea he mea nui kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

He aha ka lōʻihi o ke ola no nā keiki me ka tricuspid atresia?

Me ka lapaʻau ʻoki kino hou, hiki i nā keiki he nui me ka tricuspid atresia ke manaʻo e ola a hiki i ka wā ʻelemakule. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ka prognosis ma nā makahiki he nui i hala iho nei i ka holomua ʻana o nā ʻenehana ʻoki kino.

Eia naʻe, ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia kūlana keiki, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ola e hilinaʻi ana i nā mea e like me ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka tricuspid atresia, nā hemahema naʻau ʻē aʻe i loaʻa, a pehea lākou e pane ai i ka lapaʻau. Hiki i ka hui cardiology o kāu keiki ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku ma muli o ko lākou kūlana pilikino.

E pono anei i kāu keiki kahi transplant naʻau?

ʻAʻole pono ka hapa nui o nā keiki me ka tricuspid atresia i nā transplants naʻau. ʻO ke ala hana ʻoki kino i ka manawa (Fontan circulation) maʻamau e holomua i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a ʻae i nā keiki e ola i nā ola maʻamau.

Eia naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia kahi i holomua ʻole ai nā ʻoki kino a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia e ulu ana i ka manawa, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi transplant naʻau. E hoʻoholo pono ʻia kēia hoʻoholo e ka hui lapaʻau o kāu keiki ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā koho lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.